The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
L H Price - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Biological approaches to treatment-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1993Co-Authors: W K Goodman, C J Mcdougle, L C Barr, S C Aronson, L H PriceAbstract:Biological approaches to the patient with treatment-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder are briefly reviewed. The most commonly employed strategy involves combining a potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) (e.g., clomipramine or fluvoxamine) with another medication that may exert effects on the brain serotonin system. Open-label reports regarding the addition of tryptophan, fenfluramine, lithium, or buspirone to ongoing SRI therapy of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder are encouraging. However, the anti-Obsessive Compulsive efficacy of SRI-lithium and SRI-buspirone combination therapy has not been confirmed in recent controlled trials. Preliminary evidence suggests that addition of neuroleptic may benefit SRI-refractory Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients who have a comorbid chronic tic Disorder. Other biological approaches (e.g., electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery) are considered in terms of their narrowly defined roles in the treatment of patients with SRI-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Finally, an algorithm is proposed for those patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder who fail to respond to an adequate trial with a potent SRI.
James F. Leckman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
American Journal of Psychiatry, 1997Co-Authors: James F. Leckman, John P. Alsobrook, Dorothy E. Grice, James P. Boardman, H Zhang, Amy Vitale, Colin Bondi, Bradley S. Peterson, Donald J. Cohen, Steven A. RasmussenAbstract:Objective Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder encompasses a broad range of symptoms that represent multiple psychological domains, including perception, cognition, emotion, social relatedness, and diverse motor behaviors. The purpose of these analyses was to evaluate the correlational relationships of the symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Method This study examined the 13 a priori categories used to group types of obsessions and compulsions in the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale symptom checklist in two independent groups of patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (N = 208 and N = 98). A principal-components factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed, followed by a series of other exploratory analyses. Results The two data sets yielded nearly identical results. Four factors--obsessions and checking, symmetry and ordering, cleanliness and washing, and boarding--emerged in each data set, in total accounting for more than 60% of the variance. Conclusions Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a multidimensional and etiologically heterogeneous condition. The four symptom dimensions identified in this study are largely congruent with those identified in earlier reports. These factors may be of value in future genetic, neurobiological, and treatment response studies.
-
Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
The American journal of psychiatry, 1997Co-Authors: James F. Leckman, John P. Alsobrook, Dorothy E. Grice, James P. Boardman, H Zhang, Amy Vitale, Colin Bondi, Bradley S. Peterson, Donald J. Cohen, Steven A. RasmussenAbstract:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder encompasses a broad range of symptoms that represent multiple psychological domains, including perception, cognition, emotion, social relatedness, and diverse motor behaviors. The purpose of these analyses was to evaluate the correlational relationships of the symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. This study examined the 13 a priori categories used to group types of obsessions and compulsions in the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale symptom checklist in two independent groups of patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (N = 208 and N = 98). A principal-components factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed, followed by a series of other exploratory analyses. The two data sets yielded nearly identical results. Four factors--obsessions and checking, symmetry and ordering, cleanliness and washing, and boarding--emerged in each data set, in total accounting for more than 60% of the variance. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a multidimensional and etiologically heterogeneous condition. The four symptom dimensions identified in this study are largely congruent with those identified in earlier reports. These factors may be of value in future genetic, neurobiological, and treatment response studies.
-
A family study of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
The American journal of psychiatry, 1995Co-Authors: David L. Pauls, John P. Alsobrook, Wayne K. Goodman, Steve Rasmussen, James F. LeckmanAbstract:Objective The goal of this study was to determine 1) whether Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is familial, 2) whether there is a familial relationship between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and chronic tics, and 3) whether different familial types of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder exist. Method In this family study, all available first-degree relatives of 100 probands with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder were interviewed directly with structured interviews, and best-estimate diagnoses were assigned. In addition to the 466 first-degree relatives of the probands, 113 comparison subjects who were first-degree relatives of 33 psychiatrically unaffected subjects were studied with the same interviews. Results The rates of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and subthreshold Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder were significantly greater among the relatives of the probands with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (10.3% and 7.9%, respectively) than among the comparison subjects (1.9% and 2.0%, respectively). Furthermore, the rate of tics (Tourette's Disorder and chronic tics) was also significantly greater among the relatives of the probands (4.6%) than among the comparison subjects (1.0%). The relatives of female probands with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder were more likely to have tics, and the relatives of probands with early onset were at higher risk for both Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and tics. Conclusions Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a heterogeneous condition. Some cases are familial and related to tic Disorders, some cases are familial and unrelated to tics, and in other cases there appears to be no family history of either Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder or tics.
Wayne K. Goodman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Assessment scales for Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Neuropsychiatry, 2011Co-Authors: Eric A. Storch, Kristen Benito, Wayne K. GoodmanAbstract:Numerous assessment scales have been introduced in the Obsessive– Compulsive Disorder (OCD) literature. Such scales have considerable clinical utility because OCD is often misdiagnosed and there is a need to monitor treatment course and response. This article briefly reviews adult OCD assessment scales, specifically clinician-administered interviews and patient-report measures. The manuscript concludes with a discussion of future directions. Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a relatively common anxiety Disorder affecting 1–2% of adults and children.
-
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Tourette syndrome.
Journal of child neurology, 2006Co-Authors: Wayne K. Goodman, Eric A. Storch, Gary R. Geffken, Tanya K. MurphyAbstract:Several lines of evidence suggest a meaningful association between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Tourette syndrome, including comorbidity, phenomenologic overlap, evidence from family and genetic studies, and the possible role of basal ganglia circuitry in both conditions. Obsessive-Compulsive behaviors occur frequently in patients who have Tourette syndrome and tend to have a later onset than tics. Despite commonalities, the approaches to treating tics and Obsessive-Compulsive symptoms are actually quite distinct. A specialized form of cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy with a potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor are the two established first-line therapies for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. An adequate trial of a serotonin reuptake inhibitor is 10 to 12 weeks in duration at doses near the upper end of the recommended range for age and weight. Cases of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder that do not sufficiently improve with serotonin reuptake inhibitors might benefit from adjunctive low-dose antipsychotic (eg, risperidone) medication whether or not tics are present. Warnings about an increased risk of suicidality among children and adolescents taking antidepressants for pediatric depression extend to those taking the medications for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, but the risk-to-benefit ratio is more favorable in this latter population because several serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been shown to be efficacious in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
-
A family study of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
The American journal of psychiatry, 1995Co-Authors: David L. Pauls, John P. Alsobrook, Wayne K. Goodman, Steve Rasmussen, James F. LeckmanAbstract:Objective The goal of this study was to determine 1) whether Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is familial, 2) whether there is a familial relationship between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and chronic tics, and 3) whether different familial types of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder exist. Method In this family study, all available first-degree relatives of 100 probands with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder were interviewed directly with structured interviews, and best-estimate diagnoses were assigned. In addition to the 466 first-degree relatives of the probands, 113 comparison subjects who were first-degree relatives of 33 psychiatrically unaffected subjects were studied with the same interviews. Results The rates of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and subthreshold Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder were significantly greater among the relatives of the probands with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (10.3% and 7.9%, respectively) than among the comparison subjects (1.9% and 2.0%, respectively). Furthermore, the rate of tics (Tourette's Disorder and chronic tics) was also significantly greater among the relatives of the probands (4.6%) than among the comparison subjects (1.0%). The relatives of female probands with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder were more likely to have tics, and the relatives of probands with early onset were at higher risk for both Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and tics. Conclusions Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a heterogeneous condition. Some cases are familial and related to tic Disorders, some cases are familial and unrelated to tics, and in other cases there appears to be no family history of either Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder or tics.
-
Family accommodation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
The American journal of psychiatry, 1995Co-Authors: Lisa Calvocoressi, Wayne K. Goodman, Barbara Lewis, Mary Harris, Sally J. Trufan, Christopher J. Mcdougle, Lawrence H. PriceAbstract:Objective: Family accommodation ofpatients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, i.e., participation in symptoms and modification of personal and family routines, was assessed in relation to family stress, functioning, and attitudes toward the patient. Method: Primary caretakers for 34 patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder were interviewed to assess the nature and frequency ofaccommodating behaviors. The caretakers also completed several measures offamily functioning. Results: Ofthe 34 spouses or parents, 30 (88.2%) reported accommodating the patient. Family accommodation correlated with poor family functioning, rejecting attitudes toward the patient, and several types of family stress. Conclusions: Family accommodation of patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder was associated with global family dysfunction and stress. This study suggests that families’ efforts to accommodate patients may be intended to reduce patient anxiety or anger directed at relatives. (Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:441-443)
-
Current treatment approaches to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Archives of psychiatric nursing, 1991Co-Authors: Beth K. Boyarsky, Lynn A. Perone, Nicole C. Lee, Wayne K. GoodmanAbstract:The two most useful treatments in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder are pharmacotherapy with potent serotonin reuptake-blocking agents and behavioral techniques, such as exposure and response prevention. Based on the authors' cumulative clinical experience, it is suggested that patient education, cognitive therapy, and psychodynamic psychotherapy are helpful adjuncts during various treatment stages of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. The patient's strengths and knowledge of the illness can be used by the nurse-therapist to determine the implementation and timing of these therapeutic measures. Specific behavioral and cognitive techniques that may be useful in treating specific symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder are highlighted. Suggestions for future nursing research are outlined.
W K Goodman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Biological approaches to treatment-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1993Co-Authors: W K Goodman, C J Mcdougle, L C Barr, S C Aronson, L H PriceAbstract:Biological approaches to the patient with treatment-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder are briefly reviewed. The most commonly employed strategy involves combining a potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) (e.g., clomipramine or fluvoxamine) with another medication that may exert effects on the brain serotonin system. Open-label reports regarding the addition of tryptophan, fenfluramine, lithium, or buspirone to ongoing SRI therapy of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder are encouraging. However, the anti-Obsessive Compulsive efficacy of SRI-lithium and SRI-buspirone combination therapy has not been confirmed in recent controlled trials. Preliminary evidence suggests that addition of neuroleptic may benefit SRI-refractory Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients who have a comorbid chronic tic Disorder. Other biological approaches (e.g., electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery) are considered in terms of their narrowly defined roles in the treatment of patients with SRI-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Finally, an algorithm is proposed for those patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder who fail to respond to an adequate trial with a potent SRI.
Jose A. Yaryura-tobias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Onset of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in pregnancy.
The American journal of psychiatry, 1992Co-Authors: Fugen Neziroglu, Richard Anemone, Jose A. Yaryura-tobiasAbstract:Objective: Although the role of pregnancy and childbirth in postpartum psychosis and depression has been studied, the association between pregnancy and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder has not been specifically addressed. The authors evaluated the role of pregnancy in the onset of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Method: Female patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (N=106) completed a questionnaire assessing age at onset of symptoms, marital status, number of children, age at each pregnancy, and life events associated with theonset of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
