The Experts below are selected from a list of 210 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dennis Nowak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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respiratory symptoms of Obstructive Lung Disease in european crop farmers
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2000Co-Authors: Eduard Monso, Ramon Magarolas, Katja Radon, Brigitta Danuser, Martin Iversen, C Weber, Ulrike Opravil, Kelley J Donham, Dennis NowakAbstract:Crop farming as a risk factor for respiratory symptoms of Obstructive Lung Disease was assessed. Random samples of crop farmers from four European countries were studied following a cross-sectional design. A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and occupation was administered to determine prevalences, and the roles of the various crops as risk factors for respiratory symptoms were assessed through logistic regression modeling. The 4,793 crop farmers included in the study (response rate: 85.3%) reported the following respiratory symptoms: wheezing (14.9%), asthma (3.3%), nasal allergy (14.4%), chronic phlegm (12.4%), organic dust toxic syndrome (ODTS) (15.2%), and symptoms at work (22.0%). In the multivariate analysis, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, country, and exposure to other plants or livestock, flower growing was a risk factor for asthma (odds ratio [OR] 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–3.9) and cultivating oil plants was associated with ODTS (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3–1.9), symptoms at work (OR 1.4...
Nicolino Ambrosino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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non invasive mechanical ventilation in severe chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and acute respiratory failure short and long term prognosis
Intensive Care Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: Michele Vitacca, Enrico Clini, F Rubini, Stefano Nava, K Foglio, Nicolino AmbrosinoAbstract:Objective To evaluate the short-and long-term prognosis of patients with chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) who had noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NMV) for acute respiratory failure (ARF).
Helen K. Reddel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Defining severe Obstructive Lung Disease in the biologic era: an endotype-based approach
The European respiratory journal, 2019Co-Authors: Richard J. Martin, Elisabeth H. Bel, Ian D. Pavord, David Price, Helen K. ReddelAbstract:Severe Obstructive Lung Disease, which encompasses asthma, chronic Obstructive pulmonary Disease (COPD) or features of both, remains a considerable global health problem and burden on healthcare resources. However, the clinical definitions of severe asthma and COPD do not reflect the heterogeneity within these diagnoses or the potential for overlap between them, which may lead to inappropriate treatment decisions. Furthermore, most studies exclude patients with diagnoses of both asthma and COPD. Clinical definitions can influence clinical trial design and are both influenced by, and influence, regulatory indications and treatment recommendations. Therefore, to ensure its relevance in the era of targeted biologic therapies, the definition of severe Obstructive Lung Disease must be updated so that it includes all patients who could benefit from novel treatments and for whom associated costs are justified. Here, we review evolving clinical definitions of severe Obstructive Lung Disease and evaluate how these have influenced trial design by summarising eligibility criteria and primary outcomes of phase III randomised controlled trials of biologic therapies. Based on our findings, we discuss the advantages of a phenotype- and endotype-based approach to select appropriate populations for future trials that may influence regulatory approvals and clinical practice, allowing targeted biologic therapies to benefit a greater proportion and range of patients. This calls for co-ordinated efforts between investigators, pharmaceutical developers and regulators to ensure biologic therapies reach their full potential in the management of severe Obstructive Lung Disease.
Henry E Fessler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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heliox in respiratory failure from Obstructive Lung Disease
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1995Co-Authors: Albert Polito, Henry E FesslerAbstract:To the Editor: There have been sporadic reports of the use of mixtures of helium and oxygen (heliox) as therapy in Obstructive Lung Disease.1–3 We describe a patient with respiratory failure for wh...
Amund Gulsvik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Immediate drug therapy of Obstructive Lung Disease in hospital
Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin ny raekke, 2001Co-Authors: Knut Skaug, Odd Mørkve, Amund GulsvikAbstract:BACKGROUND We have studied how patients with Obstructive Lung Disease are treated in Norwegian hospitals and whether the treatment is in accordance with international guidelines. MATERIAL AND METHODS During 76 days from 1 April 1997 we registered all 176 patients (110 women) admitted for Obstructive Lung Disease in two hospital catchment areas in western Norway. The medical treatment given the first three hours after admission was recorded by the doctors on call. RESULTS 106 patients (60%) were above 65 years of age; 21 (12%) below 35.31% of the patients had a mild form of the Disease, 42% a moderate, 21% a severe, and 6% a life-threatening condition. Almost all patients with moderate and severe Disease were treated with beta 2 agonists on admission. Among the patients with moderate Disease, 25% did not receive glucocorticoids during the first three hours in hospital. The proportion of patients treated with theophylline was lower among those with mild Disease than among those with moderate Disease (15% and 65% respectively). INTERPRETATION Guidelines are followed to a high degree in patients with severe or life threatening Obstructive Lung Disease, but only party in those with mild or moderate Disease.
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educational level and Obstructive Lung Disease given smoking habits and occupational airborne exposure a norwegian community study
American Journal of Epidemiology, 1995Co-Authors: Per Bakke, Rolf Hanoa, Amund GulsvikAbstract:The relation of educational level to Obstructive Lung Disease, spirometric airflow limitation, and respiratory symptoms was examined in a two-phase cross-sectional study of a Norwegian general population aged 18-73 years in 1985-1988. The first phase was a questionnaire survey. In the second phase, a stratified sample of those who responded in the first phase was invited to a clinical and respiratory physiologic examination. Altogether, 714 subjects attended, representing 84% of those invited. The prevalences of Obstructive Lung Disease and spirometric airflow limitation were 7.8% and 4.5%, respectively. A total of 18% of the population had completed college, a further 60% had completed secondary school, and 21% had obtained a primary school education alone. The prevalence of both smoking and occupational airborne exposure decreased with increasing educational level. The sex-, age-, smoking-, and occupational exposure-adjusted odds ratio of Obstructive Lung Disease in primary- versus university-educated subjects was 2.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-6.5); in secondary- versus university-educated subjects it was 1.4 (95% CI 0.7-2.8). The corresponding values for spirometric airflow limitations were 5.2 (95% CI 2.0-13.4) and 1.8 (95% CI 1.2-2.7). All of the respiratory symptoms except breathlessness grade 2 were significantly associated with educational level after allowing for sex, age, smoking, and occupational airborne exposure. The survey indicates that educational level is a risk factor for airway disorders independent of smoking and occupational airborne exposure
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Obstructive Lung Disease in a Norwegian population group--risk factors and occurrence
Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin ny raekke, 1992Co-Authors: Per Bakke, Hanoa R, Amund GulsvikAbstract:In an ordinary Norwegian population which we studied, one in 13 persons suffered from an Obstructive Lung Disease--bronchial asthma or chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. The prevalence of the Disease was the same in both sexes, but increased with age. There was a strong association between smoking and the Disease. Occupational airborne pollution was an important risk factor. Taking the longest job held as a basis for the study, the adjusted odds ratio for Obstructive Lung Disease in those exposed to a high degree of airborne pollution was 2.5 relative to those not so exposed. There was no difference between urban and rural areas in the frequency of the Disease. Allergy and bronchial hypersensitivity were both associated with Obstructive Lung Disease. Greater efforts should be put than at present into preventing Obstructive Lung Disease.
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prevalence of Obstructive Lung Disease in a general population relation to occupational title and exposure to some airborne agents
Thorax, 1991Co-Authors: Per Bakke, Rolf Hanoa, Valborg Baste, Amund GulsvikAbstract:BACKGROUND: The importance of occupational exposure to airborne agents in the development of Obstructive Disease is uncertain. Studying the relation in a community population has the benefit of reducing the healthy worker effect seen in studies of working populations. METHODS: The prevalence of Obstructive Lung Disease was examined in a Norwegian general population aged 18-73 in a two phased cross sectional survey. In the second phase a stratified sample (n = 1512) of those responding in the first phase was invited for clinical and spirometric examination (attendance rate 84%). Attenders were asked to state all jobs lasting greater than 6 months since leaving school and to say whether they had been exposed to any of seven specific agents and work processes potentially harmful to the Lungs. RESULTS: The prevalence of asthma and chronic Obstructive Lung Disease was 2.4% and 5.4%, respectively; spirometric airflow limitation (FEV1/FVC less than 0.7 and FEV1 less than 80% of predicted values) was observed in 4.5% of the population. All jobs were categorised into three groups according to the degree of potential airborne exposure. Having a job with a high degree of airborne exposure increased the sex, age, and smoking adjusted odds ratio for Obstructive Lung Disease (asthma and chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) by 3.6 (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 9.9) compared with having a job without airborne exposure; the association with spirometric airflow limitation was 1.4 (0.3 to 5.2). Occupational exposures to quartz, metal gases, aluminium production and processing, and welding were significantly associated with Obstructive Lung Disease after adjusting for sex, age, and smoking habit, the adjusted odds ratios varying between 2.3 and 2.7. Occupational exposure to quartz and asbestos was significantly related to spirometric airflow limitation in people older than 50. CONCLUSION: Occupational title and exposure to specific agents and work processes may be independent markers of Obstructive Lung Disease in the general population.
