The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Stephen Sidney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational Attainment smoking alcohol intake and marijuana use ethnic gender differences in the cardia study
Addictive Behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Joneswebb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Methods: Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. Results: College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Conclusions: Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
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Occupational Attainment, smoking, alcohol intake, and marijuana use: ethnic-gender differences in the CARDIA study.
Addictive behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Jones-webb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
Barbara L. Braun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational Attainment smoking alcohol intake and marijuana use ethnic gender differences in the cardia study
Addictive Behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Joneswebb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Methods: Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. Results: College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Conclusions: Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
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Occupational Attainment, smoking, alcohol intake, and marijuana use: ethnic-gender differences in the CARDIA study.
Addictive behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Jones-webb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
Murray Grossman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational Attainment influences longitudinal decline in behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration.
Brain imaging and behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Lauren Massimo, Sharon X Xie, Katya Rascovsky, David J Irwin, Lior Rennert, Donna M. Fick, Amy Halpin, Katerina Placek, Andrew Williams, Murray GrossmanAbstract:To evaluate whether Occupational Attainment influences the trajectory of longitudinal cognitive decline in behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration (bvFTD). Single-center, retrospective, longitudinal study. Sixty-three patients meeting consensus criteria for bvFTD underwent evaluation at the University of Pennsylvania Frontotemporal Degeneration Center. All patients were studied longitudinally on letter-guided fluency, category-naming fluency and Boston Naming Test (BNT). Occupational Attainment was defined categorically by assigning each individual's occupation to a professional or non-professional category. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated the interaction of neuropsychological performance change with Occupational status. Regression analyses were used to relate longitudinal decline in executive function to baseline MRI grey matter atrophy. Higher Occupational status was associated with a more severe slope of cognitive decline on letter-guided fluency and category-naming fluency, but not BNT. Faster rates of longitudinal decline on letter-guided and category-naming fluency were associated with more severe baseline grey matter atrophy in right dorsolateral and inferior frontal regions. Our longitudinal findings suggest that bvFTD individuals with higher lifetime cognitive experience demonstrate more rapid decline on measures of executive function. This finding converges with cross-sectional evidence suggesting that lifetime cognitive experiences contribute to heterogeneity in clinical progression in bvFTD.
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Occupational Attainment influences survival in autopsy confirmed frontotemporal degeneration
Neurology, 2015Co-Authors: Lauren Massimo, Jarcy Zee, Sharon X Xie, Corey T Mcmillan, Katya Rascovsky, David J Irwin, Ann Kolanowski, Murray GrossmanAbstract:Objective: To examine the influence of Occupational Attainment and education on survival in autopsy-confirmed cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 83 demographically matched, autopsy-confirmed FTLD (n = 34) and AD (n = 49) cases. Each patient9s primary occupation was classified and ranked. Level of education was recorded in years. Survival was defined as time from symptom onset until death. Linear regression was used to test for associations among Occupational Attainment, education, and patient survival. Results: Median survival was 81 months for FTLD and 95 months for AD. Years of education and Occupational Attainment were similar for both groups. We found that higher Occupational Attainment was associated with longer survival in FTLD but not AD. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that higher Occupational Attainment is associated with longer survival in autopsy-confirmed FTLD. The identification of protective factors associated with FTLD survival has important implications for estimates of prognosis and longitudinal studies such as treatment trials.
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Occupational Attainment influences survival in autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal degeneration
Neurology, 2015Co-Authors: Lauren Massimo, Jarcy Zee, Sharon X Xie, Corey T Mcmillan, Katya Rascovsky, David J Irwin, Ann Kolanowski, Murray GrossmanAbstract:To examine the influence of Occupational Attainment and education on survival in autopsy-confirmed cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Alzheimer disease (AD). We performed a retrospective chart review of 83 demographically matched, autopsy-confirmed FTLD (n = 34) and AD (n = 49) cases. Each patient's primary occupation was classified and ranked. Level of education was recorded in years. Survival was defined as time from symptom onset until death. Linear regression was used to test for associations among Occupational Attainment, education, and patient survival. Median survival was 81 months for FTLD and 95 months for AD. Years of education and Occupational Attainment were similar for both groups. We found that higher Occupational Attainment was associated with longer survival in FTLD but not AD. Our findings suggest that higher Occupational Attainment is associated with longer survival in autopsy-confirmed FTLD. The identification of protective factors associated with FTLD survival has important implications for estimates of prognosis and longitudinal studies such as treatment trials. © 2015 American Academy of Neurology.
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Occupational Attainment Delays Cognitive Decline in Frontotemporal Degeneration (P5.008)
Neurology, 2015Co-Authors: Lior Rennert, Lauren Massimo, Sharon X Xie, Corey T Mcmillan, Katya Rascovsky, Murray GrossmanAbstract:OBJECTIVE: Examine the impact of Occupational Attainment on cognitive decline among frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) patients. BACKGROUND: Higher Occupational Attainment appears to be a protective factor delaying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) onset. Specifically, the cognitive reserve hypothesis predicts that individuals who were professionals are better able to cope with their disease and delay observable onset relative to non-professionals, despite equal amounts of underlying neurodegeneration. Few studies have investigated the role of cognitive reserve in FTD. This is pathologically distinct from AD and is associated with frontal disease that may limit professionals’ access to compensatory resources early in the disease. We report analysis of verbal letter fluency (FAS), and investigate whether rate of decline is affected by Occupational Attainment in FTD. DESIGN/METHODS: We studied 294 clinically-diagnosed FTD patients (mean baseline age=64.5+/- 9.0 years, 58.5[percnt] male) with 511 FAS observations since initial evaluations. Patients were categorically-defined as professionals or non-professionals. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated the interaction of FAS performance changes with professional status. RESULTS: We found a significant occupation by time interaction (F[1,216]=14.92; p=0.0001) for declining performance on FAS. Non-professionals declined at a rate of 0.917 FAS-words per year, while professionals declined at a rate of 3.107 FAS-words per year. A follow-up analysis including a factor for phenotype (bvFTD, PPA, CBS/PSP) did not reveal a significant interaction with time and occupation (p=0.30), suggesting that rate of decline on FAS is independent of phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are consistent with a cognitive reserve hypothesis suggesting that higher Occupational Attainment is associated with more rapid decline in FTD. Limited access to compensatory resources may result in apparently earlier emergence of difficulties in professionals and statistically prolonged clinical course. In the context of emerging clinical trials, researchers should stratify for Occupational Attainment when evaluating longitudinal outcomes. Study supported by: AG017586, AG032953, NS044266, AG043503, A6046499, and Wyncote Foundation Disclosure: Dr. Rennert has nothing to disclose. Dr. Xie has nothing to disclose. Dr. Massimo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rascovsky has nothing to disclose. Dr. McMillan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grossman has nothing to disclose.
Peter J. Hannan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational Attainment smoking alcohol intake and marijuana use ethnic gender differences in the cardia study
Addictive Behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Joneswebb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Methods: Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. Results: College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Conclusions: Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
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Occupational Attainment, smoking, alcohol intake, and marijuana use: ethnic-gender differences in the CARDIA study.
Addictive behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Jones-webb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
Mark Wolfson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational Attainment smoking alcohol intake and marijuana use ethnic gender differences in the cardia study
Addictive Behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Joneswebb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Methods: Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. Results: College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Conclusions: Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
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Occupational Attainment, smoking, alcohol intake, and marijuana use: ethnic-gender differences in the CARDIA study.
Addictive behaviors, 2000Co-Authors: Barbara L. Braun, Peter J. Hannan, Mark Wolfson, Rhonda J Jones-webb, Stephen SidneyAbstract:To evaluate the prospective interrelationship of smoking, alcohol intake, marijuana use, and educational and Occupational Attainment of Black and White young adults. Logistic or mixed model linear regression were used to evaluate relationships between self-reported substance use, ethnicity, gender, college graduation, and four measures of Occupational Attainment. College graduation in the next 10 years was negatively associated with smoking and marijuana use, but not daily alcohol consumption in all ethnic and gender groups. In Whites, marijuana use was associated with less prestigious occupations and lower family income, while smoking was unrelated and moderate daily drinking was positively associated. In Blacks, marijuana use was generally unrelated to Occupational measures, while smoking and daily alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Relationships between smoking, marijuana use, daily drinking, and Occupational Attainment were not universally negative in this age group. Substance use, particularly smoking, is associated with reduced Occupational Attainment in Blacks compared with Whites after considering sociodemographic factors potentially limiting educational progression and Occupational Attainment.
