The Experts below are selected from a list of 18714 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ossi Rahkonen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Occupational Class Differences in Long-Term Sickness Absence Due to Breast Cancer during 2005–2013: A Population-Based Study among Finnish Women
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Suur-uski, Ossi Rahkonen, Olli Pietiläinen, Johanna Pekkala, Jenni Blomgren, Minna MäntyAbstract:Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Western countries with clear socioeconomic differences. Higher Occupational Class is associated with higher breast cancer incidence but with better survival from the disease, whereas lower Occupational Class is associated with higher risk of sickness absence. We are not aware of previous studies examining changes over time in Occupational Class differences in sickness absence due to breast cancer. This paper focuses on Occupational Class differences in the incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer over the period of 2005-2013. Age-adjusted Occupational Class differences in the cumulative incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer were calculated utilising a nationally representative 70% random sample of employed Finnish women aged 35-64 years (yearly N varying between 499,778 and 519,318). The results show that higher Occupational Class was associated with higher annual cumulative incidence of sickness absence due to breast cancer. Lower Occupational Class was associated with longer duration of absence. Occupational Class differences in both cumulative incidence and duration of absence remained broadly stable. As a conclusion, these results suggest that measures should be targeted particularly to promotion of work capacity among employees with breast cancer in lower Occupational Classes.
-
Occupational Class differences in long term sickness absence due to breast cancer during 2005 2013 a population based study among finnish women
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Suuruski, Ossi Rahkonen, Olli Pietiläinen, Johanna Pekkala, Jenni Blomgren, Minna MäntyAbstract:Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Western countries with clear socioeconomic differences. Higher Occupational Class is associated with higher breast cancer incidence but with better survival from the disease, whereas lower Occupational Class is associated with higher risk of sickness absence. We are not aware of previous studies examining changes over time in Occupational Class differences in sickness absence due to breast cancer. This paper focuses on Occupational Class differences in the incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer over the period of 2005-2013. Age-adjusted Occupational Class differences in the cumulative incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer were calculated utilising a nationally representative 70% random sample of employed Finnish women aged 35-64 years (yearly N varying between 499,778 and 519,318). The results show that higher Occupational Class was associated with higher annual cumulative incidence of sickness absence due to breast cancer. Lower Occupational Class was associated with longer duration of absence. Occupational Class differences in both cumulative incidence and duration of absence remained broadly stable. As a conclusion, these results suggest that measures should be targeted particularly to promotion of work capacity among employees with breast cancer in lower Occupational Classes.
-
sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses by Occupational Class a register based study among 1 2 million finnish employees
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Ossi Rahkonen, Eero Lahelma, Olli Pietiläinen, Jenni BlomgrenAbstract:Objectives Those in lower Occupational Classes have an increased risk of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs), but studies examining the associations simultaneously across specified diagnostic groups within MSDs are lacking. We examined Occupational Class differences in the occurrence and length of long-term sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses. Methods A 70% random sample of employed Finns aged 25–64 years old at the end of 2013 was linked to data on sickness absence of over 10 working days obtained from The Social Insurance Institution of Finland and Occupational Class from Statistics Finland. Sickness absences due to MSDs initiated in 2014 were followed until the end of each episode for female (n=675 636) and male (n=604 715) upper non-manuals, lower non-manuals and manual workers. Negative binomial hurdle models were used to analyse the associations. Results Within the studied MSDs, the most common causes of absence were back disorders, particularly back pain, and shoulder disorders. Osteoarthritis, disc disorders and rheumatoid arthritis induced the longest episodes of absence. Clear hierarchical Class differences were found throughout, but the magnitude of the differences varied across the diagnostic causes. The largest Class differences in the occurrence were detected in shoulder disorders and back pain. The Class differences in length were greatest in rheumatoid arthritis, disc disorders and, among men, also in hip osteoarthritis. Conclusions Hierarchical Occupational Class differences were found across different MSDs, with large differences in back and shoulder disorders. Occupational Class and diagnosis should be considered when attempting to reduce sickness absence due to MSDs.
-
Occupational Class differences in diagnostic-specific sickness absence: a register-based study in the Finnish population, 2005–2014
BMC public health, 2017Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Olli Pietiläinen, Eero Lahelma, Jenni Blomgren, Ossi RahkonenAbstract:Musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders are major causes of long-term sickness absence in Western countries. Although sickness absence is generally more common in lower Occupational Classes, little is known about Class differences in diagnostic-specific absence over time. Focusing on Finland during 2005–2014, we therefore set out to examine the magnitude of and changes in absolute and relative Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence due to major diagnostic causes. A 70-per-cent random sample of Finns aged 25–64 linked to register data on medically certified sickness absence (of over 10 working days) in 2005–2014 was retrieved from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Information on Occupational Class was obtained from Statistics Finland and linked to the data. The study focused on female (n = 658,148–694,142) and male (n = 604,715–642,922) upper and lower non-manual employees and manual workers. The age-standardised prevalence, the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated for each study year to facilitate examination of the Class differences. The prevalence of each diagnostic cause of sickness absence declined during the study period, the most common causes being musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders and injuries. The prevalence of other causes under scrutiny was less than 1 % annually. By far the largest absolute and relative differences were in musculoskeletal diseases among both women and men. Moreover, the absolute differences in both genders (p
-
Occupational Class differences in diagnostic specific sickness absence a register based study in the finnish population 2005 2014
BMC Public Health, 2017Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Olli Pietiläinen, Eero Lahelma, Jenni Blomgren, Ossi RahkonenAbstract:Musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders are major causes of long-term sickness absence in Western countries. Although sickness absence is generally more common in lower Occupational Classes, little is known about Class differences in diagnostic-specific absence over time. Focusing on Finland during 2005–2014, we therefore set out to examine the magnitude of and changes in absolute and relative Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence due to major diagnostic causes. A 70-per-cent random sample of Finns aged 25–64 linked to register data on medically certified sickness absence (of over 10 working days) in 2005–2014 was retrieved from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Information on Occupational Class was obtained from Statistics Finland and linked to the data. The study focused on female (n = 658,148–694,142) and male (n = 604,715–642,922) upper and lower non-manual employees and manual workers. The age-standardised prevalence, the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated for each study year to facilitate examination of the Class differences. The prevalence of each diagnostic cause of sickness absence declined during the study period, the most common causes being musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders and injuries. The prevalence of other causes under scrutiny was less than 1 % annually. By far the largest absolute and relative differences were in musculoskeletal diseases among both women and men. Moreover, the absolute differences in both genders (p < 0.0001) and the relative differences in men (p < 0.0001) narrowed over time as the prevalence declined most among manual workers. Both genders showed modest and stable Occupational Class differences in mental disorders. In the case of injuries, no major changes occurred in absolute differences but relative differences narrowed over time in men (p < 0.0001) due to a strong decline in prevalence among manual workers. Class differences in the other studied diagnostic causes under scrutiny appeared negligible. By far the largest Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence concerned musculoskeletal diseases, followed by injuries. The results highlight potential targets for preventive measures aimed at reducing sickness absence and narrowing Class differences in the future.
Eero Lahelma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses by Occupational Class a register based study among 1 2 million finnish employees
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Ossi Rahkonen, Eero Lahelma, Olli Pietiläinen, Jenni BlomgrenAbstract:Objectives Those in lower Occupational Classes have an increased risk of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs), but studies examining the associations simultaneously across specified diagnostic groups within MSDs are lacking. We examined Occupational Class differences in the occurrence and length of long-term sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses. Methods A 70% random sample of employed Finns aged 25–64 years old at the end of 2013 was linked to data on sickness absence of over 10 working days obtained from The Social Insurance Institution of Finland and Occupational Class from Statistics Finland. Sickness absences due to MSDs initiated in 2014 were followed until the end of each episode for female (n=675 636) and male (n=604 715) upper non-manuals, lower non-manuals and manual workers. Negative binomial hurdle models were used to analyse the associations. Results Within the studied MSDs, the most common causes of absence were back disorders, particularly back pain, and shoulder disorders. Osteoarthritis, disc disorders and rheumatoid arthritis induced the longest episodes of absence. Clear hierarchical Class differences were found throughout, but the magnitude of the differences varied across the diagnostic causes. The largest Class differences in the occurrence were detected in shoulder disorders and back pain. The Class differences in length were greatest in rheumatoid arthritis, disc disorders and, among men, also in hip osteoarthritis. Conclusions Hierarchical Occupational Class differences were found across different MSDs, with large differences in back and shoulder disorders. Occupational Class and diagnosis should be considered when attempting to reduce sickness absence due to MSDs.
-
Occupational Class differences in diagnostic specific sickness absence a register based study in the finnish population 2005 2014
BMC Public Health, 2017Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Olli Pietiläinen, Eero Lahelma, Jenni Blomgren, Ossi RahkonenAbstract:Musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders are major causes of long-term sickness absence in Western countries. Although sickness absence is generally more common in lower Occupational Classes, little is known about Class differences in diagnostic-specific absence over time. Focusing on Finland during 2005–2014, we therefore set out to examine the magnitude of and changes in absolute and relative Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence due to major diagnostic causes. A 70-per-cent random sample of Finns aged 25–64 linked to register data on medically certified sickness absence (of over 10 working days) in 2005–2014 was retrieved from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Information on Occupational Class was obtained from Statistics Finland and linked to the data. The study focused on female (n = 658,148–694,142) and male (n = 604,715–642,922) upper and lower non-manual employees and manual workers. The age-standardised prevalence, the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated for each study year to facilitate examination of the Class differences. The prevalence of each diagnostic cause of sickness absence declined during the study period, the most common causes being musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders and injuries. The prevalence of other causes under scrutiny was less than 1 % annually. By far the largest absolute and relative differences were in musculoskeletal diseases among both women and men. Moreover, the absolute differences in both genders (p < 0.0001) and the relative differences in men (p < 0.0001) narrowed over time as the prevalence declined most among manual workers. Both genders showed modest and stable Occupational Class differences in mental disorders. In the case of injuries, no major changes occurred in absolute differences but relative differences narrowed over time in men (p < 0.0001) due to a strong decline in prevalence among manual workers. Class differences in the other studied diagnostic causes under scrutiny appeared negligible. By far the largest Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence concerned musculoskeletal diseases, followed by injuries. The results highlight potential targets for preventive measures aimed at reducing sickness absence and narrowing Class differences in the future.
-
Occupational Class differences in diagnostic-specific sickness absence: a register-based study in the Finnish population, 2005–2014
BMC public health, 2017Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Olli Pietiläinen, Eero Lahelma, Jenni Blomgren, Ossi RahkonenAbstract:Musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders are major causes of long-term sickness absence in Western countries. Although sickness absence is generally more common in lower Occupational Classes, little is known about Class differences in diagnostic-specific absence over time. Focusing on Finland during 2005–2014, we therefore set out to examine the magnitude of and changes in absolute and relative Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence due to major diagnostic causes. A 70-per-cent random sample of Finns aged 25–64 linked to register data on medically certified sickness absence (of over 10 working days) in 2005–2014 was retrieved from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Information on Occupational Class was obtained from Statistics Finland and linked to the data. The study focused on female (n = 658,148–694,142) and male (n = 604,715–642,922) upper and lower non-manual employees and manual workers. The age-standardised prevalence, the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated for each study year to facilitate examination of the Class differences. The prevalence of each diagnostic cause of sickness absence declined during the study period, the most common causes being musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders and injuries. The prevalence of other causes under scrutiny was less than 1 % annually. By far the largest absolute and relative differences were in musculoskeletal diseases among both women and men. Moreover, the absolute differences in both genders (p
-
Occupational Class inequalities in disability retirement after hospitalisation.
Scandinavian journal of public health, 2017Co-Authors: Olli Pietiläinen, Mikko Laaksonen, Eero Lahelma, Aino Salonsalmi, Ossi RahkonenAbstract:Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether hospitalisation is associated with increased risk of disability retirement differently across four Occupational Classes. Methods: 170,510 employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland were followed from 1990 to 2013 using national registers for hospitalisations and disability retirement. Increases in the risk of disability retirement after hospitalisation for any cause, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, mental disorders, malignant neoplasms, respiratory diseases and injuries were assessed across four Occupational Classes: professional, semi-professional, routine non-manual and manual, using competing risks models. Results: In general, hospitalisation showed a slightly more increased risk of disability retirement in the lower ranking Occupational Classes. Hospitalisation among women for mental disorders showed a more increased risk in the professional Class (hazard ratio 14.73, 95% confidence interval 12.67 to 17.12) compared to the routine manua...
-
Occupational Class Differences in Trajectories of Working Conditions in Women
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2017Co-Authors: Simo Raittila, Ossi Rahkonen, Eero Lahelma, Juha M. Alho, Anne KouvonenAbstract:The aim was to examine Occupational Class differences in trajectories of working conditions in ageing female municipal employees. Longitudinal survey data were collected among 40 to 60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland. The 2000–2002 baseline survey (N = 8960, response rate 67%) was followed up in 2007 and 2012. Only those female participants who remained employed through all three phases were included (n = 2540). The effects of age, Occupational Class, and time period on physical and psychosocial working conditions were estimated using a mixed linear growth model. Physical workload decreased with age, except for manual workers, for whom there was no change. Manual workers also had less control over their work than managers and professionals, semi-professionals, or routine non-manual employees. Job control declined similarly in all Occupational Classes. Although Occupational Class differences in the levels of job demands were found, with the managers and professionals reporting the most increased demands, job demands were fairly stable and there was virtually no age or period associated linear change in them. Age trajectories in physical workload differ by Occupational Class, and the differences in psychosocial working conditions between Occupational Classes do not converge with age.
Olli Pietiläinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Occupational Class Differences in Long-Term Sickness Absence Due to Breast Cancer during 2005–2013: A Population-Based Study among Finnish Women
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Suur-uski, Ossi Rahkonen, Olli Pietiläinen, Johanna Pekkala, Jenni Blomgren, Minna MäntyAbstract:Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Western countries with clear socioeconomic differences. Higher Occupational Class is associated with higher breast cancer incidence but with better survival from the disease, whereas lower Occupational Class is associated with higher risk of sickness absence. We are not aware of previous studies examining changes over time in Occupational Class differences in sickness absence due to breast cancer. This paper focuses on Occupational Class differences in the incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer over the period of 2005-2013. Age-adjusted Occupational Class differences in the cumulative incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer were calculated utilising a nationally representative 70% random sample of employed Finnish women aged 35-64 years (yearly N varying between 499,778 and 519,318). The results show that higher Occupational Class was associated with higher annual cumulative incidence of sickness absence due to breast cancer. Lower Occupational Class was associated with longer duration of absence. Occupational Class differences in both cumulative incidence and duration of absence remained broadly stable. As a conclusion, these results suggest that measures should be targeted particularly to promotion of work capacity among employees with breast cancer in lower Occupational Classes.
-
Occupational Class differences in long term sickness absence due to breast cancer during 2005 2013 a population based study among finnish women
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Suuruski, Ossi Rahkonen, Olli Pietiläinen, Johanna Pekkala, Jenni Blomgren, Minna MäntyAbstract:Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Western countries with clear socioeconomic differences. Higher Occupational Class is associated with higher breast cancer incidence but with better survival from the disease, whereas lower Occupational Class is associated with higher risk of sickness absence. We are not aware of previous studies examining changes over time in Occupational Class differences in sickness absence due to breast cancer. This paper focuses on Occupational Class differences in the incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer over the period of 2005-2013. Age-adjusted Occupational Class differences in the cumulative incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer were calculated utilising a nationally representative 70% random sample of employed Finnish women aged 35-64 years (yearly N varying between 499,778 and 519,318). The results show that higher Occupational Class was associated with higher annual cumulative incidence of sickness absence due to breast cancer. Lower Occupational Class was associated with longer duration of absence. Occupational Class differences in both cumulative incidence and duration of absence remained broadly stable. As a conclusion, these results suggest that measures should be targeted particularly to promotion of work capacity among employees with breast cancer in lower Occupational Classes.
-
435 Self-certified sickness absence among young municipal employees – changes from 2002 to 2016 and Occupational Class differences
Work Organisation and Psychosocial Factors, 2018Co-Authors: Hilla Sumanen, Olli Pietiläinen, Minna MäntyAbstract:Introduction Young employees have self-certified 1–3 day sickness absence (SA) more often than their older counterparts, but the burden of self-certified SA and its Occupational Class differences have only little previous evidence. We examined the changes in self-certified SA among young employees from 2002 to 2016 and the magnitude of Occupational Class differences during that period. Methods All 18–34 year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland were included (2002–2016, n=~11 725 per year). Employer’s personnel and SA registers were used. Occupational Class was categorised to four groups: managers and professional, semi-professionals, routine non-manuals and manual workers. Changes in the self-certified SA spells and days from 2002 to 2016 were analysed with joinpoint regression and the magnitudes of Occupational Class differences were estimated with the relative index of inequality (RII). Results Most of the trends first increased and turned to decrease in 2007/2010. Managers and professionals had the least amount of self-certified SA, but steadily increasing trends were observed among men. Self-certified SA followed only partially the typical socioeconomic gradient, as routine non-manuals had the highest levels of SA. The magnitude of Occupational Class differences in self-certified SA was stable during the study period only among women. Self-certified SA and Occupational Class differences have increased in recent years among men in the lower Occupational Classes. Conclusion Socioeconomic differences exist in self-certified SA among young employees, but gradient is only partial. Overall, high amounts of self-certified SA especially in the lower Occupational Classes are in need for further studies and preventive measures.
-
435 self certified sickness absence among young municipal employees changes from 2002 to 2016 and Occupational Class differences
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Hilla Sumanen, Olli Pietiläinen, Minna MäntyAbstract:Introduction Young employees have self-certified 1–3 day sickness absence (SA) more often than their older counterparts, but the burden of self-certified SA and its Occupational Class differences have only little previous evidence. We examined the changes in self-certified SA among young employees from 2002 to 2016 and the magnitude of Occupational Class differences during that period. Methods All 18–34 year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland were included (2002–2016, n=~11 725 per year). Employer’s personnel and SA registers were used. Occupational Class was categorised to four groups: managers and professional, semi-professionals, routine non-manuals and manual workers. Changes in the self-certified SA spells and days from 2002 to 2016 were analysed with joinpoint regression and the magnitudes of Occupational Class differences were estimated with the relative index of inequality (RII). Results Most of the trends first increased and turned to decrease in 2007/2010. Managers and professionals had the least amount of self-certified SA, but steadily increasing trends were observed among men. Self-certified SA followed only partially the typical socioeconomic gradient, as routine non-manuals had the highest levels of SA. The magnitude of Occupational Class differences in self-certified SA was stable during the study period only among women. Self-certified SA and Occupational Class differences have increased in recent years among men in the lower Occupational Classes. Conclusion Socioeconomic differences exist in self-certified SA among young employees, but gradient is only partial. Overall, high amounts of self-certified SA especially in the lower Occupational Classes are in need for further studies and preventive measures.
-
sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses by Occupational Class a register based study among 1 2 million finnish employees
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Ossi Rahkonen, Eero Lahelma, Olli Pietiläinen, Jenni BlomgrenAbstract:Objectives Those in lower Occupational Classes have an increased risk of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs), but studies examining the associations simultaneously across specified diagnostic groups within MSDs are lacking. We examined Occupational Class differences in the occurrence and length of long-term sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses. Methods A 70% random sample of employed Finns aged 25–64 years old at the end of 2013 was linked to data on sickness absence of over 10 working days obtained from The Social Insurance Institution of Finland and Occupational Class from Statistics Finland. Sickness absences due to MSDs initiated in 2014 were followed until the end of each episode for female (n=675 636) and male (n=604 715) upper non-manuals, lower non-manuals and manual workers. Negative binomial hurdle models were used to analyse the associations. Results Within the studied MSDs, the most common causes of absence were back disorders, particularly back pain, and shoulder disorders. Osteoarthritis, disc disorders and rheumatoid arthritis induced the longest episodes of absence. Clear hierarchical Class differences were found throughout, but the magnitude of the differences varied across the diagnostic causes. The largest Class differences in the occurrence were detected in shoulder disorders and back pain. The Class differences in length were greatest in rheumatoid arthritis, disc disorders and, among men, also in hip osteoarthritis. Conclusions Hierarchical Occupational Class differences were found across different MSDs, with large differences in back and shoulder disorders. Occupational Class and diagnosis should be considered when attempting to reduce sickness absence due to MSDs.
Jenni Blomgren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
From long-term sickness absence to disability retirement: diagnostic and Occupational Class differences within the working-age Finnish population.
BMC public health, 2020Co-Authors: Laura Salonen, Jenni Blomgren, Mikko LaaksonenAbstract:It is well documented that sickness absence is strongly associated with disability retirement. A long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in particular increases the risk of disability retirement, but little is known about the variation of this risk across diagnostic causes. Further, as Occupational Classes differ in their diagnostic profiles, it is likely that the role of diagnosis in the pathway from LTSA to disability retirement varies between Occupational Classes. We examined how LTSA of different diagnostic causes predicts all-cause disability retirement and disability retirement due to the same diagnostic group or due to some other diagnostic group than that which caused the LTSA spell in different Occupational Classes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse a 70% random sample of all employed Finns aged 25–62 Finns in 2006 (N = 1,458,288). Disability retirement was followed from 2007 to 2014. The risk of disability retirement was compared between Occupational Classes with at least one LTSA spell due to musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders, respiratory diseases, or circulatory diseases and those who had no LTSA spells due to these diagnostic groups during 2005. Those who had LTSA due to musculoskeletal diseases or mental disorders transferred more often to disability retirement due to same diagnostic group, whereas those who had LTSA due to respiratory or circulatory diseases transferred more often to disability retirement due to some other diagnostic group. The largest Occupational Class differences in all-cause disability retirement were found among those with LTSA due to mental disorders. For men, the hazard ratios (HR) varied from HR 5.70 (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.00–6.52) in upper non-manual employees to 2.70 (95% CI 2.50–2.92) in manual workers. For women, the corresponding HRs were 3.74 (95% CI 3.37–4.14) in upper non-manual employees and 2.32 (95% 2.17–2.50) in manual workers. The association between LTSA and disability retirement varies between diagnostic groups, and the strength of this association further depends on the person’s Occupational Class and gender.
-
Occupational Class Differences in Long-Term Sickness Absence Due to Breast Cancer during 2005–2013: A Population-Based Study among Finnish Women
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Suur-uski, Ossi Rahkonen, Olli Pietiläinen, Johanna Pekkala, Jenni Blomgren, Minna MäntyAbstract:Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Western countries with clear socioeconomic differences. Higher Occupational Class is associated with higher breast cancer incidence but with better survival from the disease, whereas lower Occupational Class is associated with higher risk of sickness absence. We are not aware of previous studies examining changes over time in Occupational Class differences in sickness absence due to breast cancer. This paper focuses on Occupational Class differences in the incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer over the period of 2005-2013. Age-adjusted Occupational Class differences in the cumulative incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer were calculated utilising a nationally representative 70% random sample of employed Finnish women aged 35-64 years (yearly N varying between 499,778 and 519,318). The results show that higher Occupational Class was associated with higher annual cumulative incidence of sickness absence due to breast cancer. Lower Occupational Class was associated with longer duration of absence. Occupational Class differences in both cumulative incidence and duration of absence remained broadly stable. As a conclusion, these results suggest that measures should be targeted particularly to promotion of work capacity among employees with breast cancer in lower Occupational Classes.
-
Occupational Class differences in long term sickness absence due to breast cancer during 2005 2013 a population based study among finnish women
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Suuruski, Ossi Rahkonen, Olli Pietiläinen, Johanna Pekkala, Jenni Blomgren, Minna MäntyAbstract:Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Western countries with clear socioeconomic differences. Higher Occupational Class is associated with higher breast cancer incidence but with better survival from the disease, whereas lower Occupational Class is associated with higher risk of sickness absence. We are not aware of previous studies examining changes over time in Occupational Class differences in sickness absence due to breast cancer. This paper focuses on Occupational Class differences in the incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer over the period of 2005-2013. Age-adjusted Occupational Class differences in the cumulative incidence and duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer were calculated utilising a nationally representative 70% random sample of employed Finnish women aged 35-64 years (yearly N varying between 499,778 and 519,318). The results show that higher Occupational Class was associated with higher annual cumulative incidence of sickness absence due to breast cancer. Lower Occupational Class was associated with longer duration of absence. Occupational Class differences in both cumulative incidence and duration of absence remained broadly stable. As a conclusion, these results suggest that measures should be targeted particularly to promotion of work capacity among employees with breast cancer in lower Occupational Classes.
-
sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses by Occupational Class a register based study among 1 2 million finnish employees
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Ossi Rahkonen, Eero Lahelma, Olli Pietiläinen, Jenni BlomgrenAbstract:Objectives Those in lower Occupational Classes have an increased risk of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs), but studies examining the associations simultaneously across specified diagnostic groups within MSDs are lacking. We examined Occupational Class differences in the occurrence and length of long-term sickness absence due to different musculoskeletal diagnoses. Methods A 70% random sample of employed Finns aged 25–64 years old at the end of 2013 was linked to data on sickness absence of over 10 working days obtained from The Social Insurance Institution of Finland and Occupational Class from Statistics Finland. Sickness absences due to MSDs initiated in 2014 were followed until the end of each episode for female (n=675 636) and male (n=604 715) upper non-manuals, lower non-manuals and manual workers. Negative binomial hurdle models were used to analyse the associations. Results Within the studied MSDs, the most common causes of absence were back disorders, particularly back pain, and shoulder disorders. Osteoarthritis, disc disorders and rheumatoid arthritis induced the longest episodes of absence. Clear hierarchical Class differences were found throughout, but the magnitude of the differences varied across the diagnostic causes. The largest Class differences in the occurrence were detected in shoulder disorders and back pain. The Class differences in length were greatest in rheumatoid arthritis, disc disorders and, among men, also in hip osteoarthritis. Conclusions Hierarchical Occupational Class differences were found across different MSDs, with large differences in back and shoulder disorders. Occupational Class and diagnosis should be considered when attempting to reduce sickness absence due to MSDs.
-
Occupational Class differences in diagnostic specific sickness absence a register based study in the finnish population 2005 2014
BMC Public Health, 2017Co-Authors: Johanna Pekkala, Olli Pietiläinen, Eero Lahelma, Jenni Blomgren, Ossi RahkonenAbstract:Musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders are major causes of long-term sickness absence in Western countries. Although sickness absence is generally more common in lower Occupational Classes, little is known about Class differences in diagnostic-specific absence over time. Focusing on Finland during 2005–2014, we therefore set out to examine the magnitude of and changes in absolute and relative Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence due to major diagnostic causes. A 70-per-cent random sample of Finns aged 25–64 linked to register data on medically certified sickness absence (of over 10 working days) in 2005–2014 was retrieved from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Information on Occupational Class was obtained from Statistics Finland and linked to the data. The study focused on female (n = 658,148–694,142) and male (n = 604,715–642,922) upper and lower non-manual employees and manual workers. The age-standardised prevalence, the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated for each study year to facilitate examination of the Class differences. The prevalence of each diagnostic cause of sickness absence declined during the study period, the most common causes being musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders and injuries. The prevalence of other causes under scrutiny was less than 1 % annually. By far the largest absolute and relative differences were in musculoskeletal diseases among both women and men. Moreover, the absolute differences in both genders (p < 0.0001) and the relative differences in men (p < 0.0001) narrowed over time as the prevalence declined most among manual workers. Both genders showed modest and stable Occupational Class differences in mental disorders. In the case of injuries, no major changes occurred in absolute differences but relative differences narrowed over time in men (p < 0.0001) due to a strong decline in prevalence among manual workers. Class differences in the other studied diagnostic causes under scrutiny appeared negligible. By far the largest Occupational Class differences in long-term sickness absence concerned musculoskeletal diseases, followed by injuries. The results highlight potential targets for preventive measures aimed at reducing sickness absence and narrowing Class differences in the future.
Svetlana Solovieva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The influence of Occupational Class and physical workload on working life expectancy among older employees.
Scandinavian journal of work environment & health, 2020Co-Authors: Jolinda Ld Schram, Svetlana Solovieva, Taina Leinonen, Eira Viikari-juntura, Alex Burdorf, Suzan J W RobroekAbstract:Objective This study investigates the impact of physical workload factors and Occupational Class on working life expectancy (WLE) and working years lost (WYL) in a sample of older Finnish workers. Methods A 70% random sample of Finns in 2004 was linked to a job exposure matrix for physical workload factors and register information on Occupational Class and labor market status until 2014. Transitions between being at work, time-restricted work disability, unemployment, economic inactivity, disability retirement, retirement and death were estimated. A multistate Cox regression model with transition-specific covariates was used to estimate the WLE and WYL at age 50 up to 63 years for each Occupational Class and physical workload factor for men and women (N=415 105). Results At age 50, male and female manual workers had a WLE of 10.13 and 10.14 years, respectively. Among both genders, manual workers had one year shorter WLE at age 50 than upper non-manual employees. This difference was largely attributable to unemployment (men: 0.60, women: 0.66 years) and disability retirement (men: 0.28, women: 0.29 years). Self-employed persons had the highest WLE (11.08 years). Men and women exposed to four or five physical workload factors had about one year lower WLE than non-exposed workers. The difference was primarily attributable to ill-health-related reasons, including disability retirement (men: 0.45 years, women: 0.53 years) and time-restricted work disability (men: 0.23, women: 0.33 years). Conclusions Manual workers and those exposed to physical workload factors had the lowest WLE. The differences in WYL between exposure groups can primarily be explained by ill-health-based exit routes.
-
Controlling for Structural Changes in the Workforce Influenced Occupational Class Differences in Disability Retirement Trends
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Svetlana Solovieva, Taina Leinonen, Kirsti Husgafvel-pursiainen, Antti Kauhanen, Pekka Vanhala, Rita Asplund, Eira Viikari-junturaAbstract:We explored Occupational Class differences in disability retirement trends accounting for structural changes in the workforce induced by the recent economic crisis and the following economic stagnation. Using nationwide register data on the general Finnish population aged 30–59 years, we examined trends in disability retirement due to all causes, musculoskeletal diseases, and mental disorders in 2007, 2010, and 2013. Applying propensity score (PS) matching to control for bias induced by structural changes in the workforce over time, we obtained 885,807 matched triplets. In the original study population, all-cause and cause-specific disability retirement declined between 2007 and 2013 for most Occupational Classes. In the matched study population, the disability retirement among skilled and unskilled manual workers sharply increased in 2010 and then declined in 2013. PS matching considerably attenuated the decline in disability retirement, particularly between the years 2007 and 2010. In general, the differences in disability retirement between both skilled and unskilled manual workers and upper-level non-manual employees widened during the period of economic stagnation. In Occupational epidemiology, structural changes in the workforce should be accounted for when analysing trends in ill-health. Controlling for these changes revealed widening Occupational Class differences in disability retirement during the period of economic stagnation.
-
664 Occupational Class, industrial sector, and cause-specific sickness absence trends in 2005–2013 in finland
Epidemiology, 2018Co-Authors: Taina Leinonen, Eira Viikari-juntura, Kirsti Husgafvel-pursiainen, Svetlana SolovievaAbstract:Introduction Low Occupational Class predicts work disability, but less is known of changes in the cause-specific associations over time or of further variation between industrial sectors. We examined trends in cause-specific sickness absence by Occupational Class and industrial sector. Methods We used large representative register data on Finnish wage-earners aged 25–59 years and repeated logistic regression to estimate the annual risk of sickness absence (≥two weeks). Result Between 2005 and 2013, the proportion of employees with sickness absence decreased. The change was smallest among lower non-manual employees and the overall level highest among manual workers. In musculoskeletal diseases and injuries, the level differences between the Occupational Classes were particularly large, but decreased over time. In mental disorders, the level was highest among lower non-manual employees with an increasing difference between the Occupational Classes over time. Among the non-manual Classes, the overall absence levels were highest in the health and social work sector. Among manual workers and particularly in musculoskeletal diseases, the level was highest in the manufacturing sector, where a temporary decrease in absences nevertheless occurred during the economic recession in 2009. Among the lower Occupational Classes, the decreases in absences due to musculoskeletal diseases and/or injury were smallest in the trade sector. Overall, socioeconomic and employment factors, particularly education, income, and employment sector (public vs private), somewhat explained the level differences in sickness absence. Discussion Particular attention should be paid to both mental and physical work ability among lower non-manual employees in the health and social work sector and to physical work ability among those with lower grade occupations in the manufacturing and trade sectors.
-
Cause-specific sickness absence trends by Occupational Class and industrial sector in the context of recent labour market changes: a Finnish panel data study
BMJ open, 2018Co-Authors: Taina Leinonen, Eira Viikari-juntura, Kirsti Husgafvel-pursiainen, Svetlana SolovievaAbstract:Objectives We aimed to provide previously unestablished information on population-based differences in cause-specific sickness absence trends between Occupational Classes and further between four large industrial sectors within the different Occupational Classes while controlling for other socioeconomic factors and employment patterns. We focused on the period 2005–2013, during which the labour market underwent large economic and structural changes in many countries. Design Register-based panel data study. Setting Large representative datasets on Finnish wage earners aged 25–59 years. Outcome measure Annual risk of sickness absence (>10 working days) based on repeated logistic regression. Results Between 2005 and 2013, the proportion of employees with sickness absence decreased. Occupational Class differences in sickness absence trends varied by disease group. Overall, the decrease in absences was smallest among lower non-manual employees. Sickness absence levels were highest in the health and social work sector and in the manufacturing sector within the non-manual and manual Classes, respectively. Absences due to musculoskeletal diseases decreased temporarily during the peak of the economic recession in 2009, particularly in the manufacturing sector within the manual Class. The decrease in absences due to musculoskeletal diseases was smallest in the trade sector within the lower Occupational Classes. Overall, education, income and employment patterns partly explained the differences in the absence levels, but not in the trends. Conclusions We found a complex interplay between the associations of Occupational Class and industrial sector with sickness absence trends. During the economic recession, absences due to musculoskeletal diseases decreased temporarily in a segment of wage earners who were known to have been hit hard by the recession. However, the trend differences were not explained by the measured structural changes in the characteristics of the study population. Both Occupational Class and industrial sector should be taken into account when tackling problems of work disability.
