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Jussi Vahtera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Predictors of employment in young adults with psychiatric Work Disability
Early intervention in psychiatry, 2018Co-Authors: Matti Joensuu, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Kirsi Ahola, Pauliina Mattila-holappa, Katinka Tuisku, Aki Koskinen, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:AIM Mental disorders are the leading cause of Work Disability among young adults in the industrialized world. Factors predicting employment after long-term psychiatric Work Disability are largely unknown. METHODS We linked personal and clinical information from the benefit applications and medical certificates of 1163 young adults (18-34 years) with a new-onset fixed-term psychiatric Disability pension in 2008 with employment records between 2005 and 2013. The outcomes were starting employment during and being employed at the end of follow-up. RESULTS Of the participants, 48% had been employed during and 22% were employed at the end of follow-up. Sustained employment history, university education (master's degree) and no recorded psychological symptoms in childhood were associated with both subsequent employment outcomes. Women and participants under 25 years were more likely to start employment. Depression and other mental disorders (vs psychotic diagnose) and having no comorbid mental disorders or substance abuse were associated with employment at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Sustained employment history, university education and no recorded psychological symptoms during childhood predict a return to employment among young adults after a fixed-term psychiatric Work Disability pension. Pro-active interventions in psychological problems during childhood could enhance employment after a period of Work Disability.
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development and validation of a risk prediction model for Work Disability multicohort study
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Jaakko Airaksinen, Jaana Pentti, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna Virtanen, Tuula Oksanen, Markus Jokela, Markku Koskenvuo, Ichiro Kawachi, David G BattyAbstract:Work Disability affects quality of life, earnings, and opportunities to contribute to society. Work characteristics, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors have been associated with the risk of Work Disability, but few multifactorial algorithms exist to identify individuals at risk of future Work Disability. We developed and validated a parsimonious multifactorial score for the prediction of Work Disability using individual-level data from 65,775 public-sector employees (development cohort) and 13,527 employed adults from a general population sample (validation cohort), both linked to records of Work Disability. Candidate predictors for Work Disability included sociodemographic (3 items), health status and lifestyle (38 items), and Work-related (43 items) variables. A parsimonious model, explaining > 99% of the variance of the full model, comprised 8 predictors: age, self-rated health, number of sickness absences in previous year, socioeconomic position, chronic illnesses, sleep problems, body mass index, and smoking. Discriminative ability of a score including these predictors was high: C-index 0.84 in the development and 0.83 in the validation cohort. The corresponding C-indices for a score constructed from Work-related predictors (age, sex, socioeconomic position, job strain) were 0.79 and 0.78, respectively. It is possible to identify reliably individuals at high risk of Work Disability by using a rapidly-administered prediction score.
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predictors of depression and musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability among young middle aged and aging employees
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Pauliina Mattilaholappa, Matti Joensuu, Jaana Pentti, Tea Lallukka, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the level and predictors of Work Disability in different age groups. METHODS: We followed young (18 to 34 years), middle-aged (35 to 50 years), and aging (>50 years) employees (n¼70,417) for 7 years (2005 to 2011) for all-cause and cause-specific Work Disability (sickness absence and Disability pension). Using negative binomial regression, we obtained both relative risk estimates and absolute rates, that is, days of Work Disability per person-year. RESULTS: The greatest relative difference in all-cause, and specifically depression-related Work Disability, was between young women and young men, and between employees with low versus high levels of education. Aging employees with a low education and chronic somatic disease had the highest levels of musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability. CONCLUSIONS: The predictors of Work Disability vary by age and diagnosis. These results help target age-specific measures for the prevention of permanent Work Disability.
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Depression-related Work Disability: socioeconomic inequalities in onset, duration and recurrence.
PloS one, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:Objective: Depression is a major cause of Disability in Working populations and the reduction of socioeconomic inequalities in Disability is an important public health challenge. We examined Work Disability due to depression with four indicators of socioeconomic status. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 125 355 Finnish public sector employees was linked to national register data on Work Disability (>9 days) due to depressive disorders (International Classification of Diseases, codes F32–F34) from January 2005 to December 2011. Primary outcomes were the onset of Work Disability due to depressive disorders and, among those with such Disability, return to Work after and recurrent episodes of Work Disability due to depression. Results: We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. Lower occupational position, lower educational level, smaller residence size, and rented (vs. owner-occupied) residence were all associated with an increased risk of Work Disability. Return to Work was slower for employees with basic education (cumulative odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.39) compared to those with higher education. Recurrent Work Disability episodes due to depression were less common among upper-grade non-manual Workers (the highest occupational group) than among lower-grade non-manual (hazard ratio = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.25) and manual (hazard ratio = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.26) Workers. Conclusions: These data from Finnish public sector employees show persistent socioeconomic inequalities in Work Disability due to depression from 2005 to 2011 in terms of onset, recovery and recurrence.
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Socioeconomic differences in Work Disability due to depression
European Journal of Public Health, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:J Ervasti, J Vahtera, J Pentti, T Oksanen, K Ahola, M Kivimaki, M Virtanen Development of Work and Organizations, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland University College London, London, United Kingdom Contact: jenni.ervasti@ttl.fi Background In addition to decreased quality of life, depression causes substantial Work impairment. In the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010, major depressive disorder ranked 2nd in terms of years lost due to Disability. Previous studies have found a socioeconomic gradient in depression, but there have been controversial results regarding socioeconomic status (SES) and return to Work (RTW) after depression. Methods We examined socioeconomic differences with four indicators of SES: occupational position, educational level, residence size, and residence ownership. Work Disability due to depressive disorder (>9 days) according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision, codes F32-F34 and RTW after a depressive disorder were the outcome variables. The study was a prospective cohort study among Finnish public sector employees (n = 125,355) during 2005-2011. Results We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. In the model adjusted for confounders and other SES indicators, manual Workers had a 1.35 -fold (95% CI = 1.13-1.61), and lower-grade non-manual Workers had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk compared to upper-grade non-manual Workers. Employees with basic education had a 1.52 –fold (95% CI = 1.25-1.85), and employees with secondary education had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk when compared to employees with higher education. Employees with residence size less than 70 m2 had a 1.23 -fold (95% CI = 1.08-1.41) increased risk when compared to those with residence size of more than 100 m2. Finally, those living in a rented residence had a 1.30 –fold (95% CI = 1.16-1.45) increased risk for Work Disability due to depressive disorder when compared to home-owners. Of the Disability episodes due to depressive disorder (n = 13,701), 62% ended in less than two months, and 90% ended during the follow-up. In the adjusted model, RTW was slower among those with basic education (COR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05-1.39) compared to those with higher education. Conclusions SES should be taken into account in the attempts to reduce social inequalities in Work Disability due to depression and in the promotion of returning to Work after depression. Key messages There is a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression as measured by occupational position, education, residence size, and residence ownership. Returning to Work after a Work Disability episode due to depressive disorder is slower for employees with basic education when compared to employees with higher education.
Mika Kivimaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Predictors of employment in young adults with psychiatric Work Disability
Early intervention in psychiatry, 2018Co-Authors: Matti Joensuu, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Kirsi Ahola, Pauliina Mattila-holappa, Katinka Tuisku, Aki Koskinen, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:AIM Mental disorders are the leading cause of Work Disability among young adults in the industrialized world. Factors predicting employment after long-term psychiatric Work Disability are largely unknown. METHODS We linked personal and clinical information from the benefit applications and medical certificates of 1163 young adults (18-34 years) with a new-onset fixed-term psychiatric Disability pension in 2008 with employment records between 2005 and 2013. The outcomes were starting employment during and being employed at the end of follow-up. RESULTS Of the participants, 48% had been employed during and 22% were employed at the end of follow-up. Sustained employment history, university education (master's degree) and no recorded psychological symptoms in childhood were associated with both subsequent employment outcomes. Women and participants under 25 years were more likely to start employment. Depression and other mental disorders (vs psychotic diagnose) and having no comorbid mental disorders or substance abuse were associated with employment at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Sustained employment history, university education and no recorded psychological symptoms during childhood predict a return to employment among young adults after a fixed-term psychiatric Work Disability pension. Pro-active interventions in psychological problems during childhood could enhance employment after a period of Work Disability.
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predictors of depression and musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability among young middle aged and aging employees
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Pauliina Mattilaholappa, Matti Joensuu, Jaana Pentti, Tea Lallukka, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the level and predictors of Work Disability in different age groups. METHODS: We followed young (18 to 34 years), middle-aged (35 to 50 years), and aging (>50 years) employees (n¼70,417) for 7 years (2005 to 2011) for all-cause and cause-specific Work Disability (sickness absence and Disability pension). Using negative binomial regression, we obtained both relative risk estimates and absolute rates, that is, days of Work Disability per person-year. RESULTS: The greatest relative difference in all-cause, and specifically depression-related Work Disability, was between young women and young men, and between employees with low versus high levels of education. Aging employees with a low education and chronic somatic disease had the highest levels of musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability. CONCLUSIONS: The predictors of Work Disability vary by age and diagnosis. These results help target age-specific measures for the prevention of permanent Work Disability.
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Depression-related Work Disability: socioeconomic inequalities in onset, duration and recurrence.
PloS one, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:Objective: Depression is a major cause of Disability in Working populations and the reduction of socioeconomic inequalities in Disability is an important public health challenge. We examined Work Disability due to depression with four indicators of socioeconomic status. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 125 355 Finnish public sector employees was linked to national register data on Work Disability (>9 days) due to depressive disorders (International Classification of Diseases, codes F32–F34) from January 2005 to December 2011. Primary outcomes were the onset of Work Disability due to depressive disorders and, among those with such Disability, return to Work after and recurrent episodes of Work Disability due to depression. Results: We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. Lower occupational position, lower educational level, smaller residence size, and rented (vs. owner-occupied) residence were all associated with an increased risk of Work Disability. Return to Work was slower for employees with basic education (cumulative odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.39) compared to those with higher education. Recurrent Work Disability episodes due to depression were less common among upper-grade non-manual Workers (the highest occupational group) than among lower-grade non-manual (hazard ratio = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.25) and manual (hazard ratio = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.26) Workers. Conclusions: These data from Finnish public sector employees show persistent socioeconomic inequalities in Work Disability due to depression from 2005 to 2011 in terms of onset, recovery and recurrence.
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Socioeconomic differences in Work Disability due to depression
European Journal of Public Health, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:J Ervasti, J Vahtera, J Pentti, T Oksanen, K Ahola, M Kivimaki, M Virtanen Development of Work and Organizations, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland University College London, London, United Kingdom Contact: jenni.ervasti@ttl.fi Background In addition to decreased quality of life, depression causes substantial Work impairment. In the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010, major depressive disorder ranked 2nd in terms of years lost due to Disability. Previous studies have found a socioeconomic gradient in depression, but there have been controversial results regarding socioeconomic status (SES) and return to Work (RTW) after depression. Methods We examined socioeconomic differences with four indicators of SES: occupational position, educational level, residence size, and residence ownership. Work Disability due to depressive disorder (>9 days) according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision, codes F32-F34 and RTW after a depressive disorder were the outcome variables. The study was a prospective cohort study among Finnish public sector employees (n = 125,355) during 2005-2011. Results We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. In the model adjusted for confounders and other SES indicators, manual Workers had a 1.35 -fold (95% CI = 1.13-1.61), and lower-grade non-manual Workers had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk compared to upper-grade non-manual Workers. Employees with basic education had a 1.52 –fold (95% CI = 1.25-1.85), and employees with secondary education had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk when compared to employees with higher education. Employees with residence size less than 70 m2 had a 1.23 -fold (95% CI = 1.08-1.41) increased risk when compared to those with residence size of more than 100 m2. Finally, those living in a rented residence had a 1.30 –fold (95% CI = 1.16-1.45) increased risk for Work Disability due to depressive disorder when compared to home-owners. Of the Disability episodes due to depressive disorder (n = 13,701), 62% ended in less than two months, and 90% ended during the follow-up. In the adjusted model, RTW was slower among those with basic education (COR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05-1.39) compared to those with higher education. Conclusions SES should be taken into account in the attempts to reduce social inequalities in Work Disability due to depression and in the promotion of returning to Work after depression. Key messages There is a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression as measured by occupational position, education, residence size, and residence ownership. Returning to Work after a Work Disability episode due to depressive disorder is slower for employees with basic education when compared to employees with higher education.
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Persistent asthma, comorbid conditions and the risk of Work Disability: a prospective cohort study.
Allergy, 2011Co-Authors: Riina Hakola, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Paula Kauppi, Timo Leino, Anneli Ojajärvi, Tuula Oksanen, Tari Haahtela, Jussi VahteraAbstract:To cite this article: Hakola R, Kauppi P, Leino T, Ojajarvi A, Pentti J, Oksanen T, Haahtela T, Kivimaki M, Vahtera J. Persistent asthma, comorbid conditions and the risk of Work Disability: a prospective cohort study. Allergy 2011; 66: 1598–1603. Abstract Background: This study examined whether asthma alone or together with chronic comorbidity is associated with an increased risk of long-term Work Disability. Methods: We examined data from 2332 asthmatic and 66 354 nonasthmatic public sector employees in Finland who responded to a survey between 1997 and 2004. Respondents were coded as persistent asthmatics based on the special reimbursement for continuous asthma medication by the Social Insurance Institution. Data on long-term Work Disability (sickness absences or Disability pensions >90 days) were obtained from national registers. The risk of Work Disability was examined by Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic status, type of employment contract, and type of employer. Results: Asthma increased the risk of all-cause long-term Work Disability with hazard ratio (HR) 1.8 (95% CI 1.62–2.09) compared with controls (no asthma). Asthma and one other chronic comorbidity increased the risk of long-term all-cause Work Disability with HR 2.2 (95% CI 1.78–2.83). Asthma together with two or more other chronic conditions increased the risk with HR 4.5 (95% CI 2.98–6.78). Asthma and depression increased the risk with HR 3.6, and the risk was especially high for permanent Work Disability (HR 6.8). Among those with asthma, there were more women, obese individuals (BMI ≥30), ex-smokers, and lower-grade nonmanual Workers. Conclusions: Asthma is associated with an increased risk of long-term all-cause Work Disability. The risk increases further with chronic comorbidities and is especially high in patients with asthma and depression.
Marianna Virtanen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Predictors of employment in young adults with psychiatric Work Disability
Early intervention in psychiatry, 2018Co-Authors: Matti Joensuu, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Kirsi Ahola, Pauliina Mattila-holappa, Katinka Tuisku, Aki Koskinen, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:AIM Mental disorders are the leading cause of Work Disability among young adults in the industrialized world. Factors predicting employment after long-term psychiatric Work Disability are largely unknown. METHODS We linked personal and clinical information from the benefit applications and medical certificates of 1163 young adults (18-34 years) with a new-onset fixed-term psychiatric Disability pension in 2008 with employment records between 2005 and 2013. The outcomes were starting employment during and being employed at the end of follow-up. RESULTS Of the participants, 48% had been employed during and 22% were employed at the end of follow-up. Sustained employment history, university education (master's degree) and no recorded psychological symptoms in childhood were associated with both subsequent employment outcomes. Women and participants under 25 years were more likely to start employment. Depression and other mental disorders (vs psychotic diagnose) and having no comorbid mental disorders or substance abuse were associated with employment at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Sustained employment history, university education and no recorded psychological symptoms during childhood predict a return to employment among young adults after a fixed-term psychiatric Work Disability pension. Pro-active interventions in psychological problems during childhood could enhance employment after a period of Work Disability.
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development and validation of a risk prediction model for Work Disability multicohort study
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Jaakko Airaksinen, Jaana Pentti, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna Virtanen, Tuula Oksanen, Markus Jokela, Markku Koskenvuo, Ichiro Kawachi, David G BattyAbstract:Work Disability affects quality of life, earnings, and opportunities to contribute to society. Work characteristics, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors have been associated with the risk of Work Disability, but few multifactorial algorithms exist to identify individuals at risk of future Work Disability. We developed and validated a parsimonious multifactorial score for the prediction of Work Disability using individual-level data from 65,775 public-sector employees (development cohort) and 13,527 employed adults from a general population sample (validation cohort), both linked to records of Work Disability. Candidate predictors for Work Disability included sociodemographic (3 items), health status and lifestyle (38 items), and Work-related (43 items) variables. A parsimonious model, explaining > 99% of the variance of the full model, comprised 8 predictors: age, self-rated health, number of sickness absences in previous year, socioeconomic position, chronic illnesses, sleep problems, body mass index, and smoking. Discriminative ability of a score including these predictors was high: C-index 0.84 in the development and 0.83 in the validation cohort. The corresponding C-indices for a score constructed from Work-related predictors (age, sex, socioeconomic position, job strain) were 0.79 and 0.78, respectively. It is possible to identify reliably individuals at high risk of Work Disability by using a rapidly-administered prediction score.
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predictors of depression and musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability among young middle aged and aging employees
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Pauliina Mattilaholappa, Matti Joensuu, Jaana Pentti, Tea Lallukka, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the level and predictors of Work Disability in different age groups. METHODS: We followed young (18 to 34 years), middle-aged (35 to 50 years), and aging (>50 years) employees (n¼70,417) for 7 years (2005 to 2011) for all-cause and cause-specific Work Disability (sickness absence and Disability pension). Using negative binomial regression, we obtained both relative risk estimates and absolute rates, that is, days of Work Disability per person-year. RESULTS: The greatest relative difference in all-cause, and specifically depression-related Work Disability, was between young women and young men, and between employees with low versus high levels of education. Aging employees with a low education and chronic somatic disease had the highest levels of musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability. CONCLUSIONS: The predictors of Work Disability vary by age and diagnosis. These results help target age-specific measures for the prevention of permanent Work Disability.
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Depression-related Work Disability: socioeconomic inequalities in onset, duration and recurrence.
PloS one, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:Objective: Depression is a major cause of Disability in Working populations and the reduction of socioeconomic inequalities in Disability is an important public health challenge. We examined Work Disability due to depression with four indicators of socioeconomic status. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 125 355 Finnish public sector employees was linked to national register data on Work Disability (>9 days) due to depressive disorders (International Classification of Diseases, codes F32–F34) from January 2005 to December 2011. Primary outcomes were the onset of Work Disability due to depressive disorders and, among those with such Disability, return to Work after and recurrent episodes of Work Disability due to depression. Results: We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. Lower occupational position, lower educational level, smaller residence size, and rented (vs. owner-occupied) residence were all associated with an increased risk of Work Disability. Return to Work was slower for employees with basic education (cumulative odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.39) compared to those with higher education. Recurrent Work Disability episodes due to depression were less common among upper-grade non-manual Workers (the highest occupational group) than among lower-grade non-manual (hazard ratio = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.25) and manual (hazard ratio = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.26) Workers. Conclusions: These data from Finnish public sector employees show persistent socioeconomic inequalities in Work Disability due to depression from 2005 to 2011 in terms of onset, recovery and recurrence.
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Socioeconomic differences in Work Disability due to depression
European Journal of Public Health, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:J Ervasti, J Vahtera, J Pentti, T Oksanen, K Ahola, M Kivimaki, M Virtanen Development of Work and Organizations, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland University College London, London, United Kingdom Contact: jenni.ervasti@ttl.fi Background In addition to decreased quality of life, depression causes substantial Work impairment. In the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010, major depressive disorder ranked 2nd in terms of years lost due to Disability. Previous studies have found a socioeconomic gradient in depression, but there have been controversial results regarding socioeconomic status (SES) and return to Work (RTW) after depression. Methods We examined socioeconomic differences with four indicators of SES: occupational position, educational level, residence size, and residence ownership. Work Disability due to depressive disorder (>9 days) according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision, codes F32-F34 and RTW after a depressive disorder were the outcome variables. The study was a prospective cohort study among Finnish public sector employees (n = 125,355) during 2005-2011. Results We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. In the model adjusted for confounders and other SES indicators, manual Workers had a 1.35 -fold (95% CI = 1.13-1.61), and lower-grade non-manual Workers had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk compared to upper-grade non-manual Workers. Employees with basic education had a 1.52 –fold (95% CI = 1.25-1.85), and employees with secondary education had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk when compared to employees with higher education. Employees with residence size less than 70 m2 had a 1.23 -fold (95% CI = 1.08-1.41) increased risk when compared to those with residence size of more than 100 m2. Finally, those living in a rented residence had a 1.30 –fold (95% CI = 1.16-1.45) increased risk for Work Disability due to depressive disorder when compared to home-owners. Of the Disability episodes due to depressive disorder (n = 13,701), 62% ended in less than two months, and 90% ended during the follow-up. In the adjusted model, RTW was slower among those with basic education (COR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05-1.39) compared to those with higher education. Conclusions SES should be taken into account in the attempts to reduce social inequalities in Work Disability due to depression and in the promotion of returning to Work after depression. Key messages There is a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression as measured by occupational position, education, residence size, and residence ownership. Returning to Work after a Work Disability episode due to depressive disorder is slower for employees with basic education when compared to employees with higher education.
Saralynn H. Allaire - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Risk factors for Work Disability associated with arthritis and other rheumatic conditions.
Work (Reading Mass.), 2013Co-Authors: Saralynn H. Allaire, Rawan Alheresh, Julie J. KeysorAbstract:In our first columnin this series on arthritis and em-ployment, we reviewed the evidence showing that thevarious forms of arthritis and other rheumatic condi-tions are associated with a substantial amount of WorkDisability.Whilemedicaltreatmentisofcoursethema-jor intervention for Work Disability, curative or evensubstantially effective treatment is often not availableleaving many people with arthritis continuing to expe-rience arthritis-related Work limitations [1]. If factorsthat increase people’s risk for Work Disability – i.e.,Work Disability risk factors – can be identified and arepotentially modifiable, these factors would help guidethe development of interventions to enhance people’sWork participation and performance.The purpose of this article is to review the litera-ture on risk factors for arthritis and other rheumaticcondition-related Work Disability. We reviewed stud-ies providing quantitative or qualitative data on riskfactors for any type of Work Disability outcome, e.g.,premature Work cessation and productivity limitation.Productivity limitation includes absenteeism and pre-senteeism, the latter being reduced capacity to Workwhile at Work due to health.Risk factor studies have primarily been conductedusing samples of persons with a particular rheumatic
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Is Work Disability associated with systemic lupus erythematosus modifiable
The Journal of rheumatology, 2008Co-Authors: Saralynn H. AllaireAbstract:Work Disability, especially premature Work cessation, is a serious consequence of health conditions. For the individual, Work Disability reduces income and may result in loss of other employment advantages, including an active lifestyle, social netWorks, self-esteem, and in the US, loss of health and retirement benefits. For society, Work Disability means lost labor contribution and increased social program costs. Although systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a relatively uncommon disease, the influence of its Work Disability is increased since it can extend over a long period of time, given its typical onset during young and middle-adult years. Work Disability associated with…
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The prevalence and incidence of Work Disability in rheumatoid arthritis, and the effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor on Work Disability
The Journal of rheumatology, 2007Co-Authors: Frederick Wolfe, Saralynn H. Allaire, Kaleb MichaudAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and incidence rates of Work Disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to determine the effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy on Work Disability. METHODS: Participants with RA who were employed when RA was diagnosed (N = 8082) were evaluated for up to 5.5 years. Work Disability incidence rates were determined in a subset (N = 4155) of those who stated they were currently employed, and the effect of anti-TNF therapy was determined by conditional logistic regression, after adjustment for covariates. RESULTS: At a median of 12.8 years after RA onset, 56.2% were still employed and 43.8% were not Working. Of those not Working, 22.7% considered themselves disabled. In addition, 30.5% had stopped Work over their lifetimes for health reasons and 20.6% were currently receiving Social Security Disability benefits. The annualized incidence rate for self-reported Disability was 2.5% and for Social Security Disability 1.9%. The incidence rate for persons who stopped Working and did not resume employment was 4.0%. Anti-TNF therapy was not associated with Social Security Disability, but was associated with an increased risk of self-reported Disability (odds ratio 1.6) after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSION: Rates of self-reported Disability were lower than noted in previous studies, perhaps reflecting overall improvement in RA therapy. We could not discern a positive effect of anti-TNF therapy on the risk of Work Disability.
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Work Disability resulting from chronic health conditions.
Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Debra Lerner, Saralynn H. Allaire, Susan ReisineAbstract:Objectives: To describe current programs and policies for addressing Work Disability among adults with chronic health conditions, and to identify opportunities for new research aimed at reducing the problem. Methods: The authors conducted secondary data analysis and a literature review. Results: Millions of Americans with a chronic health condition have a Work Disability or are at risk of developing one. This public health problem is costing hundreds of billions of dollars a year nationally in lost productivity and diminishing the quality of life of millions of Americans. The medical care system, employers, and government—three traditional sources of help for adults with chronic health problems—are not sufficiently oriented toward the primary or secondary prevention of Work Disability. Conclusions: New research is urgently needed to reduce the burden of Work Disability on individuals and society. (J Occup Environ Med. 2005;47:253–264)
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Update on Work Disability in rheumatic diseases.
Current opinion in rheumatology, 2001Co-Authors: Saralynn H. AllaireAbstract:Two recent studies suggest the prevalence of rheumatic condition-related Work Disability is considerably lower than was suggested in previous studies. However, the samples in the recent studies did not include older Workers and included persons who gained employment after disease onset. In other recent studies, the rate of Work Disability among persons employed at disease onset is still high; a fair amount of Work Disability occurs in the early years of disease. There is no clear evidence yet that treatment improvements have altered the rates of Work Disability. Because Work characteristics, like level of physical demand, influence risk for Work Disability and are potentially amenable, other interventions are needed to reduce rheumatic disease-associated Work Disability. Accommodation provided to alleviate problems in doing Work and outside of Work activities is the most promising intervention, followed by job/career change. Assessment tools are just now becoming available to help clinicians identify patients in need of assistance.
Jaana Pentti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development and validation of a risk prediction model for Work Disability multicohort study
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Jaakko Airaksinen, Jaana Pentti, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna Virtanen, Tuula Oksanen, Markus Jokela, Markku Koskenvuo, Ichiro Kawachi, David G BattyAbstract:Work Disability affects quality of life, earnings, and opportunities to contribute to society. Work characteristics, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors have been associated with the risk of Work Disability, but few multifactorial algorithms exist to identify individuals at risk of future Work Disability. We developed and validated a parsimonious multifactorial score for the prediction of Work Disability using individual-level data from 65,775 public-sector employees (development cohort) and 13,527 employed adults from a general population sample (validation cohort), both linked to records of Work Disability. Candidate predictors for Work Disability included sociodemographic (3 items), health status and lifestyle (38 items), and Work-related (43 items) variables. A parsimonious model, explaining > 99% of the variance of the full model, comprised 8 predictors: age, self-rated health, number of sickness absences in previous year, socioeconomic position, chronic illnesses, sleep problems, body mass index, and smoking. Discriminative ability of a score including these predictors was high: C-index 0.84 in the development and 0.83 in the validation cohort. The corresponding C-indices for a score constructed from Work-related predictors (age, sex, socioeconomic position, job strain) were 0.79 and 0.78, respectively. It is possible to identify reliably individuals at high risk of Work Disability by using a rapidly-administered prediction score.
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predictors of depression and musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability among young middle aged and aging employees
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Pauliina Mattilaholappa, Matti Joensuu, Jaana Pentti, Tea Lallukka, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the level and predictors of Work Disability in different age groups. METHODS: We followed young (18 to 34 years), middle-aged (35 to 50 years), and aging (>50 years) employees (n¼70,417) for 7 years (2005 to 2011) for all-cause and cause-specific Work Disability (sickness absence and Disability pension). Using negative binomial regression, we obtained both relative risk estimates and absolute rates, that is, days of Work Disability per person-year. RESULTS: The greatest relative difference in all-cause, and specifically depression-related Work Disability, was between young women and young men, and between employees with low versus high levels of education. Aging employees with a low education and chronic somatic disease had the highest levels of musculoskeletal disorder related Work Disability. CONCLUSIONS: The predictors of Work Disability vary by age and diagnosis. These results help target age-specific measures for the prevention of permanent Work Disability.
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Depression-related Work Disability: socioeconomic inequalities in onset, duration and recurrence.
PloS one, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:Objective: Depression is a major cause of Disability in Working populations and the reduction of socioeconomic inequalities in Disability is an important public health challenge. We examined Work Disability due to depression with four indicators of socioeconomic status. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 125 355 Finnish public sector employees was linked to national register data on Work Disability (>9 days) due to depressive disorders (International Classification of Diseases, codes F32–F34) from January 2005 to December 2011. Primary outcomes were the onset of Work Disability due to depressive disorders and, among those with such Disability, return to Work after and recurrent episodes of Work Disability due to depression. Results: We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. Lower occupational position, lower educational level, smaller residence size, and rented (vs. owner-occupied) residence were all associated with an increased risk of Work Disability. Return to Work was slower for employees with basic education (cumulative odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.39) compared to those with higher education. Recurrent Work Disability episodes due to depression were less common among upper-grade non-manual Workers (the highest occupational group) than among lower-grade non-manual (hazard ratio = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.25) and manual (hazard ratio = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.26) Workers. Conclusions: These data from Finnish public sector employees show persistent socioeconomic inequalities in Work Disability due to depression from 2005 to 2011 in terms of onset, recovery and recurrence.
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Socioeconomic differences in Work Disability due to depression
European Journal of Public Health, 2013Co-Authors: Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Jussi Vahtera, Tuula Oksanen, Kirsi Ahola, Marianna VirtanenAbstract:J Ervasti, J Vahtera, J Pentti, T Oksanen, K Ahola, M Kivimaki, M Virtanen Development of Work and Organizations, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland University College London, London, United Kingdom Contact: jenni.ervasti@ttl.fi Background In addition to decreased quality of life, depression causes substantial Work impairment. In the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010, major depressive disorder ranked 2nd in terms of years lost due to Disability. Previous studies have found a socioeconomic gradient in depression, but there have been controversial results regarding socioeconomic status (SES) and return to Work (RTW) after depression. Methods We examined socioeconomic differences with four indicators of SES: occupational position, educational level, residence size, and residence ownership. Work Disability due to depressive disorder (>9 days) according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision, codes F32-F34 and RTW after a depressive disorder were the outcome variables. The study was a prospective cohort study among Finnish public sector employees (n = 125,355) during 2005-2011. Results We found a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression. In the model adjusted for confounders and other SES indicators, manual Workers had a 1.35 -fold (95% CI = 1.13-1.61), and lower-grade non-manual Workers had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk compared to upper-grade non-manual Workers. Employees with basic education had a 1.52 –fold (95% CI = 1.25-1.85), and employees with secondary education had a 1.32 –fold (95% CI = 1.17-1.50) increased risk when compared to employees with higher education. Employees with residence size less than 70 m2 had a 1.23 -fold (95% CI = 1.08-1.41) increased risk when compared to those with residence size of more than 100 m2. Finally, those living in a rented residence had a 1.30 –fold (95% CI = 1.16-1.45) increased risk for Work Disability due to depressive disorder when compared to home-owners. Of the Disability episodes due to depressive disorder (n = 13,701), 62% ended in less than two months, and 90% ended during the follow-up. In the adjusted model, RTW was slower among those with basic education (COR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05-1.39) compared to those with higher education. Conclusions SES should be taken into account in the attempts to reduce social inequalities in Work Disability due to depression and in the promotion of returning to Work after depression. Key messages There is a consistent inverse socioeconomic gradient in Work Disability due to depression as measured by occupational position, education, residence size, and residence ownership. Returning to Work after a Work Disability episode due to depressive disorder is slower for employees with basic education when compared to employees with higher education.
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Persistent asthma, comorbid conditions and the risk of Work Disability: a prospective cohort study.
Allergy, 2011Co-Authors: Riina Hakola, Jaana Pentti, Mika Kivimaki, Paula Kauppi, Timo Leino, Anneli Ojajärvi, Tuula Oksanen, Tari Haahtela, Jussi VahteraAbstract:To cite this article: Hakola R, Kauppi P, Leino T, Ojajarvi A, Pentti J, Oksanen T, Haahtela T, Kivimaki M, Vahtera J. Persistent asthma, comorbid conditions and the risk of Work Disability: a prospective cohort study. Allergy 2011; 66: 1598–1603. Abstract Background: This study examined whether asthma alone or together with chronic comorbidity is associated with an increased risk of long-term Work Disability. Methods: We examined data from 2332 asthmatic and 66 354 nonasthmatic public sector employees in Finland who responded to a survey between 1997 and 2004. Respondents were coded as persistent asthmatics based on the special reimbursement for continuous asthma medication by the Social Insurance Institution. Data on long-term Work Disability (sickness absences or Disability pensions >90 days) were obtained from national registers. The risk of Work Disability was examined by Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic status, type of employment contract, and type of employer. Results: Asthma increased the risk of all-cause long-term Work Disability with hazard ratio (HR) 1.8 (95% CI 1.62–2.09) compared with controls (no asthma). Asthma and one other chronic comorbidity increased the risk of long-term all-cause Work Disability with HR 2.2 (95% CI 1.78–2.83). Asthma together with two or more other chronic conditions increased the risk with HR 4.5 (95% CI 2.98–6.78). Asthma and depression increased the risk with HR 3.6, and the risk was especially high for permanent Work Disability (HR 6.8). Among those with asthma, there were more women, obese individuals (BMI ≥30), ex-smokers, and lower-grade nonmanual Workers. Conclusions: Asthma is associated with an increased risk of long-term all-cause Work Disability. The risk increases further with chronic comorbidities and is especially high in patients with asthma and depression.
