The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Binyamin Hochner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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arm coordination in Octopus crawling involves unique motor control strategies
Current Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Guy Levy, Tamar Flash, Binyamin HochnerAbstract:To cope with the exceptional computational complexity that is involved in the control of its hyper-redundant arms [1], the Octopus has adopted unique motor control strategies in which the central brain activates rather autonomous motor programs in the elaborated peripheral nervous system of the arms [2, 3]. How Octopuses coordinate their eight long and flexible arms in locomotion is still unknown. Here, we present the first detailed kinematic analysis of Octopus arm coordination in crawling. The results are surprising in several respects: (1) despite its bilaterally symmetrical body, the Octopus can crawl in any direction relative to its body orientation; (2) body and crawling orientation are monotonically and independently controlled; and (3) contrasting known animal locomotion, Octopus crawling lacks any apparent rhythmical patterns in limb coordination, suggesting a unique non-rhythmical output of the Octopus central controller. We show that this uncommon maneuverability is derived from the radial symmetry of the arms around the body and the simple pushing-by-elongation mechanism by which the arms create the crawling thrust. These two together enable a mechanism whereby the central controller chooses in a moment-to-moment fashion which arms to recruit for pushing the body in an instantaneous direction. Our findings suggest that the soft molluscan body has affected in an embodied way [4, 5] the emergence of the adaptive motor behavior of the Octopus.
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arm coordination in Octopus crawling involves unique motor control strategies
Current Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Guy Levy, Tamar Flash, Binyamin HochnerAbstract:Summary To cope with the exceptional computational complexity that is involved in the control of its hyper-redundant arms [1], the Octopus has adopted unique motor control strategies in which the central brain activates rather autonomous motor programs in the elaborated peripheral nervous system of the arms [2, 3]. How Octopuses coordinate their eight long and flexible arms in locomotion is still unknown. Here, we present the first detailed kinematic analysis of Octopus arm coordination in crawling. The results are surprising in several respects: (1) despite its bilaterally symmetrical body, the Octopus can crawl in any direction relative to its body orientation; (2) body and crawling orientation are monotonically and independently controlled; and (3) contrasting known animal locomotion, Octopus crawling lacks any apparent rhythmical patterns in limb coordination, suggesting a unique non-rhythmical output of the Octopus central controller. We show that this uncommon maneuverability is derived from the radial symmetry of the arms around the body and the simple pushing-by-elongation mechanism by which the arms create the crawling thrust. These two together enable a mechanism whereby the central controller chooses in a moment-to-moment fashion which arms to recruit for pushing the body in an instantaneous direction. Our findings suggest that the soft molluscan body has affected in an embodied way [4, 5] the emergence of the adaptive motor behavior of the Octopus. Video Abstract
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dynamic model of the Octopus arm ii control of reaching movements
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2005Co-Authors: Yoram Yekutieli, Binyamin Hochner, Roni Sagivzohar, Tamar FlashAbstract:The dynamic model of the Octopus arm described in the first paper of this 2-part series was used here to investigate the neural strategies used for controlling the reaching movements of the Octopus...
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Dynamic Model of the Octopus Arm. I. Biomechanics of the Octopus Reaching Movement
Journal of neurophysiology, 2005Co-Authors: Yoram Yekutieli, Binyamin Hochner, Roni Sagiv-zohar, Ranit Aharonov, Yaakov Engel, Tamar FlashAbstract:The Octopus arm requires special motor control schemes because it consists almost entirely of muscles and lacks a rigid skeletal support. Here we present a 2D dynamic model of the Octopus arm to ex...
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neuromuscular system of the flexible arm of the Octopus physiological characterization
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2000Co-Authors: Henry Matzner, Yoram Gutfreund, Binyamin HochnerAbstract:The Octopus arm is an outstanding example of an efficient boneless and highly flexible appendage. We have begun characterizing the neuromuscular system of the Octopus arm in both innervated muscle ...
Tamar Flash - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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arm coordination in Octopus crawling involves unique motor control strategies
Current Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Guy Levy, Tamar Flash, Binyamin HochnerAbstract:Summary To cope with the exceptional computational complexity that is involved in the control of its hyper-redundant arms [1], the Octopus has adopted unique motor control strategies in which the central brain activates rather autonomous motor programs in the elaborated peripheral nervous system of the arms [2, 3]. How Octopuses coordinate their eight long and flexible arms in locomotion is still unknown. Here, we present the first detailed kinematic analysis of Octopus arm coordination in crawling. The results are surprising in several respects: (1) despite its bilaterally symmetrical body, the Octopus can crawl in any direction relative to its body orientation; (2) body and crawling orientation are monotonically and independently controlled; and (3) contrasting known animal locomotion, Octopus crawling lacks any apparent rhythmical patterns in limb coordination, suggesting a unique non-rhythmical output of the Octopus central controller. We show that this uncommon maneuverability is derived from the radial symmetry of the arms around the body and the simple pushing-by-elongation mechanism by which the arms create the crawling thrust. These two together enable a mechanism whereby the central controller chooses in a moment-to-moment fashion which arms to recruit for pushing the body in an instantaneous direction. Our findings suggest that the soft molluscan body has affected in an embodied way [4, 5] the emergence of the adaptive motor behavior of the Octopus. Video Abstract
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arm coordination in Octopus crawling involves unique motor control strategies
Current Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Guy Levy, Tamar Flash, Binyamin HochnerAbstract:To cope with the exceptional computational complexity that is involved in the control of its hyper-redundant arms [1], the Octopus has adopted unique motor control strategies in which the central brain activates rather autonomous motor programs in the elaborated peripheral nervous system of the arms [2, 3]. How Octopuses coordinate their eight long and flexible arms in locomotion is still unknown. Here, we present the first detailed kinematic analysis of Octopus arm coordination in crawling. The results are surprising in several respects: (1) despite its bilaterally symmetrical body, the Octopus can crawl in any direction relative to its body orientation; (2) body and crawling orientation are monotonically and independently controlled; and (3) contrasting known animal locomotion, Octopus crawling lacks any apparent rhythmical patterns in limb coordination, suggesting a unique non-rhythmical output of the Octopus central controller. We show that this uncommon maneuverability is derived from the radial symmetry of the arms around the body and the simple pushing-by-elongation mechanism by which the arms create the crawling thrust. These two together enable a mechanism whereby the central controller chooses in a moment-to-moment fashion which arms to recruit for pushing the body in an instantaneous direction. Our findings suggest that the soft molluscan body has affected in an embodied way [4, 5] the emergence of the adaptive motor behavior of the Octopus.
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dynamic model of the Octopus arm ii control of reaching movements
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2005Co-Authors: Yoram Yekutieli, Binyamin Hochner, Roni Sagivzohar, Tamar FlashAbstract:The dynamic model of the Octopus arm described in the first paper of this 2-part series was used here to investigate the neural strategies used for controlling the reaching movements of the Octopus...
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Dynamic Model of the Octopus Arm. I. Biomechanics of the Octopus Reaching Movement
Journal of neurophysiology, 2005Co-Authors: Yoram Yekutieli, Binyamin Hochner, Roni Sagiv-zohar, Ranit Aharonov, Yaakov Engel, Tamar FlashAbstract:The Octopus arm requires special motor control schemes because it consists almost entirely of muscles and lacks a rigid skeletal support. Here we present a 2D dynamic model of the Octopus arm to ex...
Marcos Pérez-losada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean)
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2010Co-Authors: Ángel Guerra, Santiago Pascual, Álvaro Roura, Ángel F. González, Yves Cherel, Marcos Pérez-losadaAbstract:The coastal Octopus at Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands is Octopus vulgaris Cuvier 1797. Meristic and morphological characters, along with phylogenetic analysis of COI and COIII DNA sequences, were used to identify 11 animals collected in 2000 or 2001. The range of the species is therefore expanded to include the oceanic islands of the central southern Indian Ocean. The trees also depicted the genus Octopus as polyphyletic and O. vulgaris sense Cuvier or sensu stricto as monophyletic.
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Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean)
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2010Co-Authors: Ángel Guerra, Santiago Pascual, Álvaro Roura, Ángel F. González, Yves Cherel, Marcos Pérez-losadaAbstract:Guerra, A., Roura, A., Gonzalez, A. F., Pascual, S., Cherel, Y., and Perez-Losada, M. 2010. Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean). - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1401-1407.The coastal Octopus at Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands is Octopus vulgaris Cuvier 1797. Meristic and morphological characters, along with phylogenetic analysis of COI and COIII DNA sequences, were used to identify 11 animals collected in 2000 or 2001. The range of the species is therefore expanded to include the oceanic islands of the central southern Indian Ocean. The trees also depicted the genus Octopus as polyphyletic and O. vulgaris sense Cuvier or sensu stricto as monophyletic.
Ángel Guerra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean)
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2010Co-Authors: Ángel Guerra, Santiago Pascual, Álvaro Roura, Ángel F. González, Yves Cherel, Marcos Pérez-losadaAbstract:The coastal Octopus at Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands is Octopus vulgaris Cuvier 1797. Meristic and morphological characters, along with phylogenetic analysis of COI and COIII DNA sequences, were used to identify 11 animals collected in 2000 or 2001. The range of the species is therefore expanded to include the oceanic islands of the central southern Indian Ocean. The trees also depicted the genus Octopus as polyphyletic and O. vulgaris sense Cuvier or sensu stricto as monophyletic.
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Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean)
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2010Co-Authors: Ángel Guerra, Santiago Pascual, Álvaro Roura, Ángel F. González, Yves Cherel, Marcos Pérez-losadaAbstract:Guerra, A., Roura, A., Gonzalez, A. F., Pascual, S., Cherel, Y., and Perez-Losada, M. 2010. Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean). - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1401-1407.The coastal Octopus at Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands is Octopus vulgaris Cuvier 1797. Meristic and morphological characters, along with phylogenetic analysis of COI and COIII DNA sequences, were used to identify 11 animals collected in 2000 or 2001. The range of the species is therefore expanded to include the oceanic islands of the central southern Indian Ocean. The trees also depicted the genus Octopus as polyphyletic and O. vulgaris sense Cuvier or sensu stricto as monophyletic.
Guy Levy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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arm coordination in Octopus crawling involves unique motor control strategies
Current Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Guy Levy, Tamar Flash, Binyamin HochnerAbstract:Summary To cope with the exceptional computational complexity that is involved in the control of its hyper-redundant arms [1], the Octopus has adopted unique motor control strategies in which the central brain activates rather autonomous motor programs in the elaborated peripheral nervous system of the arms [2, 3]. How Octopuses coordinate their eight long and flexible arms in locomotion is still unknown. Here, we present the first detailed kinematic analysis of Octopus arm coordination in crawling. The results are surprising in several respects: (1) despite its bilaterally symmetrical body, the Octopus can crawl in any direction relative to its body orientation; (2) body and crawling orientation are monotonically and independently controlled; and (3) contrasting known animal locomotion, Octopus crawling lacks any apparent rhythmical patterns in limb coordination, suggesting a unique non-rhythmical output of the Octopus central controller. We show that this uncommon maneuverability is derived from the radial symmetry of the arms around the body and the simple pushing-by-elongation mechanism by which the arms create the crawling thrust. These two together enable a mechanism whereby the central controller chooses in a moment-to-moment fashion which arms to recruit for pushing the body in an instantaneous direction. Our findings suggest that the soft molluscan body has affected in an embodied way [4, 5] the emergence of the adaptive motor behavior of the Octopus. Video Abstract
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arm coordination in Octopus crawling involves unique motor control strategies
Current Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Guy Levy, Tamar Flash, Binyamin HochnerAbstract:To cope with the exceptional computational complexity that is involved in the control of its hyper-redundant arms [1], the Octopus has adopted unique motor control strategies in which the central brain activates rather autonomous motor programs in the elaborated peripheral nervous system of the arms [2, 3]. How Octopuses coordinate their eight long and flexible arms in locomotion is still unknown. Here, we present the first detailed kinematic analysis of Octopus arm coordination in crawling. The results are surprising in several respects: (1) despite its bilaterally symmetrical body, the Octopus can crawl in any direction relative to its body orientation; (2) body and crawling orientation are monotonically and independently controlled; and (3) contrasting known animal locomotion, Octopus crawling lacks any apparent rhythmical patterns in limb coordination, suggesting a unique non-rhythmical output of the Octopus central controller. We show that this uncommon maneuverability is derived from the radial symmetry of the arms around the body and the simple pushing-by-elongation mechanism by which the arms create the crawling thrust. These two together enable a mechanism whereby the central controller chooses in a moment-to-moment fashion which arms to recruit for pushing the body in an instantaneous direction. Our findings suggest that the soft molluscan body has affected in an embodied way [4, 5] the emergence of the adaptive motor behavior of the Octopus.
