The Experts below are selected from a list of 2811 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Steven L Wechsler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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local periOcular vaccination protects against eye disease more effectively than systemic vaccination following primary Ocular herpes simplex virus infection in rabbits
Journal of Virology, 1998Co-Authors: Anthony B Nesburn, Susan M Slanina, Rae Lyn Burke, Homayon Ghiasi, S Bahri, Steven L WechslerAbstract:Vaccination of experimental animals can provide efficient protection against Ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) challenge. Although it is suspected that local Immune Responses are important in protection against Ocular HSV-1 infection, no definitive studies have been done to determine if local Ocular vaccination would produce more efficacious protection against HSV-1 Ocular challenge than systemic vaccination. To address this question, we vaccinated groups of rabbits either systemically or periOcularly with recombinant HSV-2 glycoproteins B (gB2) and D (gD2) in MF59 emulsion or with live KOS (a nonneurovirulent strain of HSV-1). Three weeks after the final vaccination, all eyes were challenged with McKrae (a virulent, eye disease-producing strain of HSV-1). Systemic vaccination with either HSV-1 KOS or gB2/gD2 in MF59 did not provide significant protection against any of the four eye disease parameters measured (conjunctivitis, iritis, epithelial keratitis, and corneal clouding). In contrast, periOcular vaccination with gB2/gD2 in MF59 provided significant protection against conjunctivitis and iritis, while Ocular vaccination with live HSV-1 KOS provided significant protection against all four parameters. Thus, local Ocular vaccination provided better protection than systemic vaccination against eye disease following Ocular HSV-1 infection. Since local vaccination should produce a stronger local Immune Response than systemic vaccination, these results suggest that the local Ocular Immune Response is very important in protecting against eye disease due to primary HSV-1 infection. Thus, for clinical protection against primary HSV-1-induced corneal disease, a local Ocular vaccine may prove more effective than systemic vaccination.
Martin J Holland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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systemic effector and regulatory Immune Responses to chlamydial antigens in trachomatous trichiasis
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: Alevtina Gall, Amir Horowitz, Hassan Joof, Angels Natividad, Kevin K A Tetteh, Eleanor M Riley, Robin L Bailey, David Mabey, Martin J HollandAbstract:Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) caused by repeated or chronic Ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is the result of a pro-fibrotic Ocular Immune Response. At the conjunctiva the increased expression of both inflammatory (IL1Β, TNF) and regulatory cytokines (IL10) have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We measured in vitro Immune Responses of peripheral blood to a number of chlamydial antigens. Peripheral blood effector cells (CD4, CD69, IFNγ, IL10) and regulatory cells (CD4, CD25, FOXP3, CTLA4/GITR) were readily stimulated by C. trachomatis antigens but neither the magnitude (frequency or stimulation index) or the breadth and amount of cytokines produced in vitro (IL-5, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IFNγ and TNFα) were significantly different between TT cases and their non-diseased controls. Interestingly we observed that CD4+ T cells account for less than 50% of the IFNγ positive cells induced following stimulation. Further investigation in individuals selected from communities where exposure to Ocular infection with C. trachomatis is endemic indicated that CD3-CD56+ (classical natural killer (NK) cells) were a major early source of IFNγ production in Response to C. trachomatis elementary body stimulation and that the magnitude of this Response increased with age. Future efforts to unravel the contribution of the adaptive Immune Response to conjunctival fibrosis should focus on the early events following infection and the interaction with innate Immune mediated mechanisms of inflammation in the conjunctiva.
Homayon Ghiasi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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local periOcular vaccination protects against eye disease more effectively than systemic vaccination following primary Ocular herpes simplex virus infection in rabbits
Journal of Virology, 1998Co-Authors: Anthony B Nesburn, Susan M Slanina, Rae Lyn Burke, Homayon Ghiasi, S Bahri, Steven L WechslerAbstract:Vaccination of experimental animals can provide efficient protection against Ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) challenge. Although it is suspected that local Immune Responses are important in protection against Ocular HSV-1 infection, no definitive studies have been done to determine if local Ocular vaccination would produce more efficacious protection against HSV-1 Ocular challenge than systemic vaccination. To address this question, we vaccinated groups of rabbits either systemically or periOcularly with recombinant HSV-2 glycoproteins B (gB2) and D (gD2) in MF59 emulsion or with live KOS (a nonneurovirulent strain of HSV-1). Three weeks after the final vaccination, all eyes were challenged with McKrae (a virulent, eye disease-producing strain of HSV-1). Systemic vaccination with either HSV-1 KOS or gB2/gD2 in MF59 did not provide significant protection against any of the four eye disease parameters measured (conjunctivitis, iritis, epithelial keratitis, and corneal clouding). In contrast, periOcular vaccination with gB2/gD2 in MF59 provided significant protection against conjunctivitis and iritis, while Ocular vaccination with live HSV-1 KOS provided significant protection against all four parameters. Thus, local Ocular vaccination provided better protection than systemic vaccination against eye disease following Ocular HSV-1 infection. Since local vaccination should produce a stronger local Immune Response than systemic vaccination, these results suggest that the local Ocular Immune Response is very important in protecting against eye disease due to primary HSV-1 infection. Thus, for clinical protection against primary HSV-1-induced corneal disease, a local Ocular vaccine may prove more effective than systemic vaccination.
Daniel J J Carr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cd4 t cell migration into the cornea is reduced in cxcl9 deficient but not cxcl10 deficient mice following herpes simplex virus type 1 infection
Cellular Immunology, 2006Co-Authors: Todd Wuest, Andrew D Luster, Joshua M. Farber, Daniel J J CarrAbstract:The role of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in the Ocular Immune Response to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection was investigated using mice deficient in either CXCL9 or CXCL10. CXCL10 but not CXCL9 deficient mice showed an increase in sensitivity to Ocular virus infection as measured by an elevation in virus titer recovered in the tear film and corneal tissue. The increase in virus was associated with an increase in the expression of the chemokine CCL2 but no significant change in the infiltration of CD4 + T cells or NK cells into the corneal stroma. In contrast, a significant reduction in CD4 + T cell infiltration into the cornea was found in CXCL9 deficient mice following HSV-1 infection consistent with the absence of CXCL9 expression and reduction in expression of other chemokines including CCL3, CCL5, CXCL1, and CXCL10. Collectively, the results suggest a non-redundant role for CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Response to Ocular HSV-1 infection in terms of controlling virus replication and recruitment of CD4 + T cells into the cornea.
Anthony B Nesburn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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local periOcular vaccination protects against eye disease more effectively than systemic vaccination following primary Ocular herpes simplex virus infection in rabbits
Journal of Virology, 1998Co-Authors: Anthony B Nesburn, Susan M Slanina, Rae Lyn Burke, Homayon Ghiasi, S Bahri, Steven L WechslerAbstract:Vaccination of experimental animals can provide efficient protection against Ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) challenge. Although it is suspected that local Immune Responses are important in protection against Ocular HSV-1 infection, no definitive studies have been done to determine if local Ocular vaccination would produce more efficacious protection against HSV-1 Ocular challenge than systemic vaccination. To address this question, we vaccinated groups of rabbits either systemically or periOcularly with recombinant HSV-2 glycoproteins B (gB2) and D (gD2) in MF59 emulsion or with live KOS (a nonneurovirulent strain of HSV-1). Three weeks after the final vaccination, all eyes were challenged with McKrae (a virulent, eye disease-producing strain of HSV-1). Systemic vaccination with either HSV-1 KOS or gB2/gD2 in MF59 did not provide significant protection against any of the four eye disease parameters measured (conjunctivitis, iritis, epithelial keratitis, and corneal clouding). In contrast, periOcular vaccination with gB2/gD2 in MF59 provided significant protection against conjunctivitis and iritis, while Ocular vaccination with live HSV-1 KOS provided significant protection against all four parameters. Thus, local Ocular vaccination provided better protection than systemic vaccination against eye disease following Ocular HSV-1 infection. Since local vaccination should produce a stronger local Immune Response than systemic vaccination, these results suggest that the local Ocular Immune Response is very important in protecting against eye disease due to primary HSV-1 infection. Thus, for clinical protection against primary HSV-1-induced corneal disease, a local Ocular vaccine may prove more effective than systemic vaccination.
