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Franz Bairlein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Can Mitogenomes of the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe) Reconstruct Its Phylogeography and Reveal the Origin of Migrant Birds
Scientific reports, 2020Co-Authors: Erjia Wang, Heiko Schmaljohann, Debora Arlt, Franz Bairlein, Dezhi Zhang, Markus Santhosh Braun, Agnes Hotz-wagenblatt, Tomas Pärt, Fumin Lei, Michael WinkAbstract:The Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe, including the nominate and the two subspecies O. o. leucorhoa and O. o. libanotica) and the Seebohm's Wheatear (Oenanthe seebohmi) are today regarded as two distinct species. Before, all four taxa were regarded as four subspecies of the Northern Wheatear. Their classification has exclusively been based on ecological and morphological traits, while their molecular characterization is still missing. With this study, we used next-generation sequencing to assemble 117 complete mitochondrial genomes covering O. o. Oenanthe, O. o. leucorhoa and O. seebohmi. We compared the resolution power of each individual mitochondrial marker and concatenated marker sets to reconstruct the phylogeny and estimate speciation times of three taxa. Moreover, we tried to identify the origin of migratory wheatears caught on Helgoland (Germany) and on Crete (Greece). Mitogenome analysis revealed two different ancient lineages that separated around 400,000 years ago. Both lineages consisted of a mix of subspecies and species. The phylogenetic trees, as well as haplotype networks are incongruent with the present morphology-based classification. Mitogenome could not distinguish these presumed species. The genetic panmixia among present populations and taxa might be the consequence of mitochondrial introgression between ancient wheatear populations.
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Migratory body mass increase in Northern Wheatears ( Oenanthe Oenanthe ) is the accumulation of fat as proven by quantitative magnetic resonance
Journal of Ornithology, 2019Co-Authors: Natalie A. Kelsey, Franz BairleinAbstract:Migratory birds need energy-rich fuel which is primarily gained through fattening. However, it is also hypothesised that birds store excess lean mass as an additional energy reserve during migration. Until now, changes in the fat of live birds could only be determined indirectly through the change in body mass and fat score. Recently, the full-body scanner EchoMRI™ using quantitative magnetic resonance has become available making quick and precise measurements of whole-body compositions of live birds (i.e., fat, lean and water mass) possible without sedating the birds. In this study, the EchoMRI™ was applied on Northern Wheatears Oenanthe Oenanthe hatched and reared in captivity during their first autumn migration stage. Results demonstrated that pre-migratory increase in body mass is primarily due to the fattening of the birds, while additional lean mass was not stored.
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De novo annotation of the transcriptome of the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe).
PeerJ, 2018Co-Authors: Roberto Carlos Frias-soler, Franz Bairlein, Agnes Hotz-wagenblatt, Lilian Villarín Pildaín, Jonas Kolibius, Michael WinkAbstract:We have sequenced a partial transcriptome of the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe), a species with one of the longest migrations on Earth. The transcriptome was constructed de novo using RNA-Seq sequence data from the pooled mRNA of six different tissues: brain, muscle, intestine, liver, adipose tissue and skin. The samples came from nine captive-bred wheatears collected at three different stages of the endogenous autumn migratory period: (1) lean birds prior the onset of migration, (2) during the fattening stage and (3) individuals at their migratory body mass plateau, when they have almost doubled their lean body mass. The sample structure used to build up the transcriptome of the Northern Wheatears concerning tissue composition and time guarantees the future survey of the regulatory genes involved in the development of the migratory phenotype. Through the pre-migratory period, birds accomplish outstanding physical and behavioural changes that involve all organ systems. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms through which birds synchronize and control hyperphagia, fattening, restlessness increase, immunity boosting and tuning the muscles for such endurance flight are still largely unknown. The use of RNA-Seq has emerged as a powerful tool to analyse complex traits on a broad scale, and we believe it can help to characterize the migratory phenotype of wheatears at an unprecedented level. The primary challenge to conduct quantitative transcriptomic studies in non-model species is the availability of a reference transcriptome, which we have constructed and described in this paper. The cDNA was sequenced by pyrosequencing using the Genome Sequencer Roche GS FLX System; with single paired-end reads of about 400 bp. We estimate the total number of genes at 15,640, of which 67% could be annotated using Turkey and Zebra Finch genomes, or protein sequence information from SwissProt and NCBI databases. With our study, we have made a first step towards understanding the migratory phenotype regarding gene expression of a species that has become a model to study birds long-distance migrations.
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proximate causes of avian protandry differ between subspecies with contrasting migration challenges
Behavioral Ecology, 2016Co-Authors: Heiko Schmaljohann, Yolanda E Morbey, Christoph M Meier, Herman H Van Oosten, Martin Buchmann, Nikita Chernetsov, Susanne Åkesson, Debora Arlt, Franz BairleinAbstract:In many migratory birds, males precede females during migration and arrival at the breeding sites. Three proximate mechanisms are proposed to explain this phenomenon of protandry: males 1) winter closer to breeding sites, 2) start spring migration earlier, and/or 3) migrate faster than females. So far, the relative contribution of these mechanisms to protandry is unknown. The present study investigated the importance of each of the 3 proximate mechanisms of protandry for a songbird migrant wintering in Africa, the northern wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe). Two subspecies co-occur in Europe on migration, of which the leucorhoa northern wheatears breeding from Iceland to Canada have to cross the North Atlantic, whereas the nominate form breeding in Europe does not face any significant sea barrier. We show that the leucorhoa subspecies had a significantly higher degree of protandry at stopover sites across Europe than the Oenanthe subspecies (−6 vs. −2 days). Leucorhoa northern wheatear’s higher degree of protandry was associated with a larger age effect, in which old males preceded young males, and greater sex-specific differences in wing shape and refueling yielding higher migration speeds in males than females. In Oenanthe northern wheatears, light-level geolocators revealed that males did not winter closer to the breeding sites or migrate faster than females, but initiated spring migration earlier. Our results demonstrate that the significance of the mechanisms causing protandry can differ between related taxa and highlight the importance of the advancement in male arrival date with age as a potential factor shaping the degree of protandry.
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Routes to genes: unravelling the control of avian migration—an integrated approach using Northern Wheatear Oenanthe Oenanthe as model organism
Journal of Ornithology, 2015Co-Authors: Franz Bairlein, Cas Eikenaar, Heiko SchmaljohannAbstract:Numerous studies in both the field and laboratory illustrate factors involved in the endogenous, intrinsic and environmental control of avian migration, but we are lacking an integrated individual-based approach, connecting field and laboratory studies in a single species. The Northern Wheatear Oenanthe Oenanthe appeared very feasible for an integrated individual-based one-species approach in the study of the control of bird migration as it can be studied individually in the field as well as kept indoor under controlled ‘common-garden’ conditions. We here present a brief overview of the results collected in our wheatear studies on the intrinsic disposition and extrinsic factors that control migratory behavior in an obligate migratory species.
Heiko Schmaljohann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Can Mitogenomes of the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe) Reconstruct Its Phylogeography and Reveal the Origin of Migrant Birds
Scientific reports, 2020Co-Authors: Erjia Wang, Heiko Schmaljohann, Debora Arlt, Franz Bairlein, Dezhi Zhang, Markus Santhosh Braun, Agnes Hotz-wagenblatt, Tomas Pärt, Fumin Lei, Michael WinkAbstract:The Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe, including the nominate and the two subspecies O. o. leucorhoa and O. o. libanotica) and the Seebohm's Wheatear (Oenanthe seebohmi) are today regarded as two distinct species. Before, all four taxa were regarded as four subspecies of the Northern Wheatear. Their classification has exclusively been based on ecological and morphological traits, while their molecular characterization is still missing. With this study, we used next-generation sequencing to assemble 117 complete mitochondrial genomes covering O. o. Oenanthe, O. o. leucorhoa and O. seebohmi. We compared the resolution power of each individual mitochondrial marker and concatenated marker sets to reconstruct the phylogeny and estimate speciation times of three taxa. Moreover, we tried to identify the origin of migratory wheatears caught on Helgoland (Germany) and on Crete (Greece). Mitogenome analysis revealed two different ancient lineages that separated around 400,000 years ago. Both lineages consisted of a mix of subspecies and species. The phylogenetic trees, as well as haplotype networks are incongruent with the present morphology-based classification. Mitogenome could not distinguish these presumed species. The genetic panmixia among present populations and taxa might be the consequence of mitochondrial introgression between ancient wheatear populations.
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Stopover departure decisions in autumn are not associated with constitutive immune function in Northern Wheatears Oenanthe Oenanthe
Journal of Ornithology, 2019Co-Authors: Cas Eikenaar, Heiko Schmaljohann, Florian Packmor, Arne HegemannAbstract:Stopover periods in between migratory flights determine the speed of migration and as such may affect birds’ fitness. The decision to leave a stopover site is affected by, for example, energy stores and weather conditions. We investigated whether immunological state influences autumn stopover departure decisions in Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe), a nocturnal long-distance migrant. We measured three parameters of constitutive immune function: microbial killing capacity, haptoglobin, and total immunoglobulins. None of them explained variation in departure probability, minimum stopover duration, or departure time within the night. Thus, we did not find an effect of the birds’ immunological state on stopover departure decisions.
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proximate causes of avian protandry differ between subspecies with contrasting migration challenges
Behavioral Ecology, 2016Co-Authors: Heiko Schmaljohann, Yolanda E Morbey, Christoph M Meier, Herman H Van Oosten, Martin Buchmann, Nikita Chernetsov, Susanne Åkesson, Debora Arlt, Franz BairleinAbstract:In many migratory birds, males precede females during migration and arrival at the breeding sites. Three proximate mechanisms are proposed to explain this phenomenon of protandry: males 1) winter closer to breeding sites, 2) start spring migration earlier, and/or 3) migrate faster than females. So far, the relative contribution of these mechanisms to protandry is unknown. The present study investigated the importance of each of the 3 proximate mechanisms of protandry for a songbird migrant wintering in Africa, the northern wheatear (Oenanthe Oenanthe). Two subspecies co-occur in Europe on migration, of which the leucorhoa northern wheatears breeding from Iceland to Canada have to cross the North Atlantic, whereas the nominate form breeding in Europe does not face any significant sea barrier. We show that the leucorhoa subspecies had a significantly higher degree of protandry at stopover sites across Europe than the Oenanthe subspecies (−6 vs. −2 days). Leucorhoa northern wheatear’s higher degree of protandry was associated with a larger age effect, in which old males preceded young males, and greater sex-specific differences in wing shape and refueling yielding higher migration speeds in males than females. In Oenanthe northern wheatears, light-level geolocators revealed that males did not winter closer to the breeding sites or migrate faster than females, but initiated spring migration earlier. Our results demonstrate that the significance of the mechanisms causing protandry can differ between related taxa and highlight the importance of the advancement in male arrival date with age as a potential factor shaping the degree of protandry.
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Routes to genes: unravelling the control of avian migration—an integrated approach using Northern Wheatear Oenanthe Oenanthe as model organism
Journal of Ornithology, 2015Co-Authors: Franz Bairlein, Cas Eikenaar, Heiko SchmaljohannAbstract:Numerous studies in both the field and laboratory illustrate factors involved in the endogenous, intrinsic and environmental control of avian migration, but we are lacking an integrated individual-based approach, connecting field and laboratory studies in a single species. The Northern Wheatear Oenanthe Oenanthe appeared very feasible for an integrated individual-based one-species approach in the study of the control of bird migration as it can be studied individually in the field as well as kept indoor under controlled ‘common-garden’ conditions. We here present a brief overview of the results collected in our wheatear studies on the intrinsic disposition and extrinsic factors that control migratory behavior in an obligate migratory species.
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routes to genes unravelling the control of avian migration an integrated approach using northern wheatear Oenanthe Oenanthe as model organism
Journal of Ornithology, 2015Co-Authors: Franz Bairlein, Cas Eikenaar, Heiko SchmaljohannAbstract:Numerous studies in both the field and laboratory illustrate factors involved in the endogenous, intrinsic and environmental control of avian migration, but we are lacking an integrated individual-based approach, connecting field and laboratory studies in a single species. The Northern Wheatear Oenanthe Oenanthe appeared very feasible for an integrated individual-based one-species approach in the study of the control of bird migration as it can be studied individually in the field as well as kept indoor under controlled ‘common-garden’ conditions. We here present a brief overview of the results collected in our wheatear studies on the intrinsic disposition and extrinsic factors that control migratory behavior in an obligate migratory species.
Fernando Guerra-vásquez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preliminary Report on the Distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe on the Eastern Feet of the Andes
International Journal of Primatology, 2009Co-Authors: Antonio J. Bóveda-penalba, Jan Vermeer, Fernando Rodrigo, Fernando Guerra-vásquezAbstract:In 2007 we conducted a field study of almost 6 mo to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe , formerly known as the Andean titi monkey. There previously has been no extensive study on the distribution and status by other fieldworkers. We visited a total of 96 localities within or around the presumed distribution of this rare primate species to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe . We collected additional information on group size and threats to the species. Our expeditions revealed that the species is not endemic to the Alto Mayo Valley, as earlier authors suggested, but that its distribution extends into the Bajo Mayo and Huallaga Central. The study area is heavily deforested, and to date only one area was found where a viable population might live, although further research is needed to confirm this. The species lives in the southern part of its distribution in sympatry with another, undescribed species of Callicebus. We will continue the study to determine more precisely the distribution and conservation status of the Callicebus Oenanthe , to determine if conservation measures are necessary for this species. This is the first activity of a long-term project for the conservation of Callicebus Oenanthe initiated by La Vallée des Singes Primate park.
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Preliminary Report on the Distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe on the Eastern Feet of the Andes
International Journal of Primatology, 2009Co-Authors: Antonio J. Bóveda-penalba, Jan Vermeer, Fernando Rodrigo, Fernando Guerra-vásquezAbstract:In 2007 we conducted a field study of almost 6 mo to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe, formerly known as the Andean titi monkey. There previously has been no extensive study on the distribution and status by other fieldworkers. We visited a total of 96 localities within or around the presumed distribution of this rare primate species to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe. We collected additional information on group size and threats to the species. Our expeditions revealed that the species is not endemic to the Alto Mayo Valley, as earlier authors suggested, but that its distribution extends into the Bajo Mayo and Huallaga Central. The study area is heavily deforested, and to date only one area was found where a viable population might live, although further research is needed to confirm this. The species lives in the southern part of its distribution in sympatry with another, undescribed species of Callicebus. We will continue the study to determine more precisely the distribution and conservation status of the Callicebus Oenanthe, to determine if conservation measures are necessary for this species. This is the first activity of a long-term project for the conservation of Callicebus Oenanthe initiated by La Vallee des Singes Primate park.
Antonio J. Bóveda-penalba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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GIS Risk Assessment and GAP Analysis for the Andean Titi Monkey (Callicebus Oenanthe)
Primate Conservation, 2013Co-Authors: Sam Shanee, Jan Vermeer, Julio C. Tello-alvarado, Antonio J. Bóveda-penalbaAbstract:Abstract: We conducted a predictive GIS (Geographical Information System) analysis to create a realistic Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) and risk analysis throughout the distribution of the Andean titi monkey (Callicebus Oenanthe) in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the current protected area (PA) network. This was done to help current conservation work and aid in the planning and implementation of future initiatives. Little was known about this species until recently. Callicebus Oenanthe is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is endemic to San Martin region, northeastern Peru. Our results show that the extent of habitat available for this species may be greater than previously thought but that habitat loss in the region is extremely high. GAP analysis indicates that the current protected area network is ineffective in protecting this species, and new reserve areas are urgently needed. We recommend further study into the species' ecology to better understan...
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Preliminary Report on the Distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe on the Eastern Feet of the Andes
International Journal of Primatology, 2009Co-Authors: Antonio J. Bóveda-penalba, Jan Vermeer, Fernando Rodrigo, Fernando Guerra-vásquezAbstract:In 2007 we conducted a field study of almost 6 mo to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe , formerly known as the Andean titi monkey. There previously has been no extensive study on the distribution and status by other fieldworkers. We visited a total of 96 localities within or around the presumed distribution of this rare primate species to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe . We collected additional information on group size and threats to the species. Our expeditions revealed that the species is not endemic to the Alto Mayo Valley, as earlier authors suggested, but that its distribution extends into the Bajo Mayo and Huallaga Central. The study area is heavily deforested, and to date only one area was found where a viable population might live, although further research is needed to confirm this. The species lives in the southern part of its distribution in sympatry with another, undescribed species of Callicebus. We will continue the study to determine more precisely the distribution and conservation status of the Callicebus Oenanthe , to determine if conservation measures are necessary for this species. This is the first activity of a long-term project for the conservation of Callicebus Oenanthe initiated by La Vallée des Singes Primate park.
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Preliminary Report on the Distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe on the Eastern Feet of the Andes
International Journal of Primatology, 2009Co-Authors: Antonio J. Bóveda-penalba, Jan Vermeer, Fernando Rodrigo, Fernando Guerra-vásquezAbstract:In 2007 we conducted a field study of almost 6 mo to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe, formerly known as the Andean titi monkey. There previously has been no extensive study on the distribution and status by other fieldworkers. We visited a total of 96 localities within or around the presumed distribution of this rare primate species to determine the distribution of Callicebus Oenanthe. We collected additional information on group size and threats to the species. Our expeditions revealed that the species is not endemic to the Alto Mayo Valley, as earlier authors suggested, but that its distribution extends into the Bajo Mayo and Huallaga Central. The study area is heavily deforested, and to date only one area was found where a viable population might live, although further research is needed to confirm this. The species lives in the southern part of its distribution in sympatry with another, undescribed species of Callicebus. We will continue the study to determine more precisely the distribution and conservation status of the Callicebus Oenanthe, to determine if conservation measures are necessary for this species. This is the first activity of a long-term project for the conservation of Callicebus Oenanthe initiated by La Vallee des Singes Primate park.
Armando E. Gonzalez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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occurrence of tapeworm bertiella mucronata cestoda anoplocephalidae in the titi monkey callicebus Oenanthe from peru new definitive host and geographical record
Veterinary Parasitology, 2009Co-Authors: Luis A Gomezpuerta, Maria T Lopezurbina, Armando E. GonzalezAbstract:The presence of the cestode Bertiella mucronata (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) is described from the small intestine of two Titi monkeys Callicebus Oenanthe, from the Indane community in Moyobamba, Peru. Six additional cestodes were studied and identified as B. mucronata. This finding constitutes the first report of the cestode in Peru and demonstrates that C. Oenanthe is a new definitive host for this parasite.
