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Prawit Janwantanakul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle fatigue induced by slumped sitting posture after 1 hour of sitting in Office Workers
Safety and health at work, 2016Co-Authors: Pooriput Waongenngarm, Bala Rajaratnam, Prawit JanwantanakulAbstract:Background Prolonged sitting leads to low back discomfort and lumbopelvic muscle fatigue. This study examined the characteristics of body perceived discomfort and trunk muscle fatigue during 1 hour of sitting in three postures in Office Workers.
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Office Workers risk factors for the development of non specific neck pain a systematic review of prospective cohort studies
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Arpalak Paksaichol, Prawit Janwantanakul, Nithima Purepong, Praneet Pensri, A J Van Der BeekAbstract:The purpose of this study was to systematically review prospective cohort studies to gain insights into risk factors for the development of non-specific neck pain in Office Workers as well as to assess the strength of evidence. Publications were systematically searched from 1980 - March 2011 in several databases. The following key words were used: neck pain paired with risk or prognostic factors and Office or computer or visual display unit or visual display terminal. Relevant studies were retrieved and assessed for methodological quality by two independent reviewers. The strength of the evidence was based on methodological quality and consistency of the results. Five high-quality and two low-quality prospective cohort studies investigating the predictive value of 47 individual, work-related physical and work-related psychosocial factors for the onset of non-specific neck pain in Office Workers were included in this review. Strong evidence was found for female gender and previous history of neck complaints to be predictors of the onset of neck pain. Interestingly, for a large number of factors that have been mentioned in the literature as risk factors for neck pain, such as high physical leisure activity, low social support, and high psychosocial stress, we found no predictive value for future neck pain in Office Workers. Literature with respect to the development of non-specific neck pain in Office Workers is scant. Only female gender and previous history of neck complaints have been identified as risk factors that predict the onset of neck pain.
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risk factors for the onset of nonspecific low back pain in Office Workers a systematic review of prospective cohort studies
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 2012Co-Authors: Prawit Janwantanakul, Ekalak Sitthipornvorakul, Arpalak PaksaicholAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to systematically review prospective cohort studies to identify risk factors for the onset of low back pain (LBP) in Office Workers. METHODS: Online searches were conducted on PubMed, CINAHL Plus with full text, ScienceDirect, PEDro, ProQuest, and Scopus databases from 1980 to November 2011 using the following keywords: low back pain paired with risk or prognostic factors and Office or computer or visual display unit (VDU) or visual display terminal (VDT). The methodological quality of each study was assessed using a 21-item checklist, which was divided into 2 parts: the internal validity (11 items) and descriptive quality (10 items) of studies. Strength of evidence for risk factors associated with the development of nonspecific LBP was assessed by defining 5 levels of evidence based on the number of studies and the quality score of studies. RESULTS: Eighteen full-text articles were identified, and 15 were excluded. A total of 3 articles were judged to meet the selection criteria and were included in the methodological quality assessment. Risk factors were divided into 3 groups: individual, work-related physical, and work-related psychosocial risk factors. There was strong evidence that history of LBP is a predictor of the onset of LBP. Limited evidence was found that the combination of postural risk factors and job strain is associated with the onset of LBP. CONCLUSION: After review of 3 high-quality prospective studies on the association between risk factors and the onset of nonspecific LBP in Office Workers, few risk factors were found to predict the onset of LBP in Office Workers.
Rachel Morellofrosch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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associations between polyfluoroalkyl substance and organophosphate flame retardant exposures and telomere length in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in san francisco
Environmental Health, 2021Co-Authors: Cassidy Clarity, Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Katherine Ona, Michael Mcmaster, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Author(s): Clarity, Cassidy; Trowbridge, Jessica; Gerona, Roy; Ona, Katherine; McMaster, Michael; Bessonneau, Vincent; Rudel, Ruthann; Buren, Heather; Morello-Frosch, Rachel | Abstract: BackgroundEnvironmental chemical exposures can affect telomere length, which in turn has been associated with adverse health outcomes including cancer. Firefighters are occupationally exposed to many hazardous chemicals and have higher rates of certain cancers. As a potential biomarker of effect, we assessed associations between chemical exposures and telomere length in women firefighters and Office Workers from San Francisco, CA.MethodsWe measured serum concentrations of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), urinary metabolites of flame retardants, including organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), and telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes in women firefighters (Nn= 84) and Office Workers (Nn= 79) who participated in the 2014-15 Women Workers Biomonitoring Collaborative. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations between chemical exposures and telomere length.ResultsRegression results revealed significant positive associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and telomere length and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and telomere length among the whole cohort. Models stratified by occupation showed stronger and more significant associations among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. Among firefighters in models adjusted for age, we found positive associations between telomere length and log-transformed PFOA (β (95%CI) = 0.57(0.12, 1.02)), PFOS (0.44 (0.05, 0.83)), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (0.43 (0.02, 0.84)). Modeling PFAS as categories of exposure showed significant associations between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and telomere length among firefighters. Significant associations between OPFR metabolites and telomere length were seen for bis (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and telomere length among Office Workers (0.21(0.03, 0.40)) and bis (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) and telomere length among firefighters (- 0.14(- 0.28, - 0.01)). For OPFRs, the difference in the direction of effect by occupational group may be due to the disparate detection frequencies and concentrations of exposure between the two groups and/or potential unmeasured confounding.ConclusionOur findings suggest positive associations between PFAS and telomere length in women Workers, with larger effects seen among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. The OPFR metabolites BDCPP and BCEP are also associated with telomere length in firefighters and Office Workers. Associations between chemical exposures and telomere length reported here and by others suggest mechanisms by which these chemicals may affect carcinogenesis and other adverse health outcomes.
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associations between polyfluoroalkyl substance and organophosphate flame retardant exposures and telomere length in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in san francisco
medRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Cassidy Clarity, Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Katherine Ona, Michael Mcmaster, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Abstract Background Environmental chemical exposures can affect telomere length, which in turn has been associated with adverse health outcomes including cancer. Firefighters are occupationally exposed to many hazardous chemicals and have higher rates of certain cancers. As a potential marker of effect, we assessed associations between chemical exposures and telomere length in women firefighters and Office Workers from San Francisco, CA. Methods We measured serum levels of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), urinary metabolites of flame retardants, including organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), and telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes in women firefighters and Office Workers who participated in the 2014-15 Women Workers Biomonitoring Collaborative. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations between chemical exposures and telomere length. Results Regression results revealed significant positive associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and telomere length and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and telomere length among the whole cohort. Models stratified by occupation showed stronger and more significant associations among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. Among firefighters in models adjusted for age, we found positive associations between telomere length and log-transformed PFOA (β(95%CI) = 0.57(0.12, 1.02)), PFOS (0.44 (0.05, 0.83)), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (0.43 (0.02, 0.84)). Modeling PFAS as categories of exposure showed significant associations between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and telomere length among firefighters. Significant associations between OPFR metabolites and telomere length were seen for bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and telomere length among Office Workers (0.21(0.03, 0.40)) and bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) and telomere length among firefighters (−0.14(−0.28, −0.01)). For OPFRs, the difference in the direction of effect by occupational group may be due to the disparate detection frequencies and levels of exposure between the two groups and/or potential unmeasured confounding. Conclusion Our findings suggest positive associations between PFAS and telomere length in women Workers, with larger effects seen among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. The OPFR metabolites BDCPP and BCEP are also associated with telomere length in firefighters and Office Workers. Associations between chemical exposures and telomere length reported here and by others suggest mechanisms by which these chemicals may affect carcinogenesis and other adverse health outcomes.
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organophosphate and organohalogen flame retardant exposure and thyroid hormone disruption in a cohort of female firefighters and Office Workers from san francisco
medRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Cassidy Clarity, Katherine Ona, Michael Mcmaster, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Author(s): Trowbridge, Jessica; Gerona, Roy; McMaster, Michael; Ona, Katherine; Clarity, Cassidy; Bessonneau, Vincent; Rudel, Ruthann; Buren, Heather; Morello-Frosch, Rachel | Abstract: Background Occupational exposures to flame retardants (FR), which are suspected endocrine disrupting compounds, may be of particular concern for firefighters as they are commonly found in consumer products and have been detected in fire station dust and firefighter gear. Objectives The Women Workers Biomonitoring Collaborative is a community based participatory research study that sought to measure environmental chemicals relevant to firefighting and evaluate their effects on thyroid hormone levels. Methods We measured 10 FR or their metabolites in urine of female firefighters and Office Workers from San Francisco: bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP), dibutyl phosphate (DBuP), dibenzyl phosphate (DBzP), di-p-cresyl phosphate (DpCP), di-o-cresyl phosphate (DoCP), 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoic acid (TBBA), tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA), 5-OH-BDE 47, and 5-OH-BDE 100. We assessed potential predictors of exposure levels and the association between FR exposures and thyroxine (T 4 ) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Results BDCPP, BCEP, and DBuP were the most commonly detected FRs, among all study participants, with intermediate BMI and college educated women having the highest levels, and Black women having higher BDCPP levels than White women. Firefighters had higher detection frequencies (DF) and exposure levels compared to Office Workers; median BDCPP levels were five times higher in firefighters than in Office Workers. Among firefighters, occupational activities were not significantly associated with FR levels, although position (i.e. Officer and firefighter versus driver), being on-duty (versus off-duty) and assigned to the airport suggested a positive association with FR levels. Among firefighters, a doubling of BDCPP was associated with a 2.88% decrease (95%CI −5.28,-0.42) in T 4 . We did not observe significant associations between FR and T 4 among Office Workers. Discussion Firefighters had significantly higher exposures to FR compared to Office Workers, and we observed a negative association between BDCPP and thyroxine in firefighters. Future research should elucidate occupational sources of FR exposure and opportunities for exposure reduction.
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exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in san francisco
Environmental Science & Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Thomas Lin, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Studies of firefighters have shown increased exposures to carcinogenic compounds and elevated rates of certain cancers compared to the general population, yet this research has focused almost exclusively on men. To address this gap, the Women Firefighters Biomonitoring Collaborative created a biological sample archive and analyzed levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) among women firefighters (N = 86) and Office Workers (N = 84) in San Francisco. Serum samples were collected and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to measure and compare PFAS levels between firefighters and Office Workers. 7 of 12 PFAS congeners were detected in the least 70% of the study population, and 4 congeners were detected in 100% of participants. In regression models comparing PFAS levels by occupation and adjusting for potential confounders, firefighters had higher geometric mean concentrations of PFAS compared to Office Workers PFHxS (2.22 (95% CI = 1.55, 3.18)), PFUnDA (1.83 (95% CI = 0.97, 3.45)), and PFNA (1.26 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.58)). Among firefighters, occupational position predicted exposure-firefighters and Officers had higher PFNA, PFOA, PFDA, and PFUnDA levels compared to drivers. Women firefighters are exposed to higher levels of some PFAS compared to Office Workers, suggesting that some of these exposures may be occupationally related.
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exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in san francisco
medRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Thomas Lin, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Abstract Background Studies in male firefighters have demonstrated increased exposures to carcinogenic compounds and increased rates of certain cancers compared to the general population. Many chemicals related to these occupational exposures have been associated with breast tumor development in animal and human studies, yet, there have been no studies on women firefighters due to their low numbers in most fire departments. To address this data gap, the Women Firefighters Biomonitoring Collaborative (WFBC) created a biological sample archive and analyzed levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) among women firefighters and Office Workers in San Francisco. Methods Active duty women firefighters (n=86) and Office Workers (n=84) were recruited from the San Francisco Fire Department and the City and County of San Francisco, respectively. Serum samples were collected and analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS) to measure and compare PFAS levels between firefighters and Office Workers. For PFAS congeners detected in at least 70% of our study population, we examined differences in serum PFAS levels controlling for dietary, demographic and other confounders. Among firefighters, we assessed associations between occupational activities and PFAS levels. Results Eight of 12 PFAS congeners were detected at levels above the limit of detection and seven were detected in at least 70% of the study population. Four PFAS were detected in all study participants (PFNA, PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS). In regression models comparing PFAS levels by occupation and adjusting for potential confounders, firefighters had higher geometric mean (GM) concentrations of PFAS compared to Office Workers: 2.39 (95%CI = 1.64,3.48), 2.32 (95% CI = 1.17,4.62) and 1.26 (95% CI = 0.99, 1.59) times higher for PFHxS, PFUnDA and PFNA, respectively. In analyses limited to firefighters, PFAS levels varied by assigned position in the fire department—firefighters and Officers had higher PFNA, PFOA, PFDA, and PFUnDA compared to drivers. Additionally, firefighters who reported having used firefighting foam had higher concentrations of PFOA compared firefighters who reported never having used foam. Conclusion Our study found ubiquitous exposures to PFAS among WFBC participants, with women firefighters exposed to higher levels of some PFAS compared to Office Workers, suggesting that some of these exposures may be occupationally related.
Vincent Bessonneau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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associations between polyfluoroalkyl substance and organophosphate flame retardant exposures and telomere length in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in san francisco
Environmental Health, 2021Co-Authors: Cassidy Clarity, Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Katherine Ona, Michael Mcmaster, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Author(s): Clarity, Cassidy; Trowbridge, Jessica; Gerona, Roy; Ona, Katherine; McMaster, Michael; Bessonneau, Vincent; Rudel, Ruthann; Buren, Heather; Morello-Frosch, Rachel | Abstract: BackgroundEnvironmental chemical exposures can affect telomere length, which in turn has been associated with adverse health outcomes including cancer. Firefighters are occupationally exposed to many hazardous chemicals and have higher rates of certain cancers. As a potential biomarker of effect, we assessed associations between chemical exposures and telomere length in women firefighters and Office Workers from San Francisco, CA.MethodsWe measured serum concentrations of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), urinary metabolites of flame retardants, including organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), and telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes in women firefighters (Nn= 84) and Office Workers (Nn= 79) who participated in the 2014-15 Women Workers Biomonitoring Collaborative. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations between chemical exposures and telomere length.ResultsRegression results revealed significant positive associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and telomere length and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and telomere length among the whole cohort. Models stratified by occupation showed stronger and more significant associations among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. Among firefighters in models adjusted for age, we found positive associations between telomere length and log-transformed PFOA (β (95%CI) = 0.57(0.12, 1.02)), PFOS (0.44 (0.05, 0.83)), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (0.43 (0.02, 0.84)). Modeling PFAS as categories of exposure showed significant associations between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and telomere length among firefighters. Significant associations between OPFR metabolites and telomere length were seen for bis (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and telomere length among Office Workers (0.21(0.03, 0.40)) and bis (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) and telomere length among firefighters (- 0.14(- 0.28, - 0.01)). For OPFRs, the difference in the direction of effect by occupational group may be due to the disparate detection frequencies and concentrations of exposure between the two groups and/or potential unmeasured confounding.ConclusionOur findings suggest positive associations between PFAS and telomere length in women Workers, with larger effects seen among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. The OPFR metabolites BDCPP and BCEP are also associated with telomere length in firefighters and Office Workers. Associations between chemical exposures and telomere length reported here and by others suggest mechanisms by which these chemicals may affect carcinogenesis and other adverse health outcomes.
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Associations between polyfluoroalkyl substance and organophosphate flame retardant exposures and telomere length in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in San Francisco
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2021Co-Authors: Cassidy Clarity, Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Katherine Ona, Michael Mcmaster, Ruthann Rudel, Rachel Morello-froschAbstract:Abstract Background Environmental chemical exposures can affect telomere length, which in turn has been associated with adverse health outcomes including cancer. Firefighters are occupationally exposed to many hazardous chemicals and have higher rates of certain cancers. As a potential biomarker of effect, we assessed associations between chemical exposures and telomere length in women firefighters and Office Workers from San Francisco, CA. Methods We measured serum concentrations of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), urinary metabolites of flame retardants, including organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), and telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes in women firefighters (N = 84) and Office Workers (N = 79) who participated in the 2014–15 Women Workers Biomonitoring Collaborative. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations between chemical exposures and telomere length. Results Regression results revealed significant positive associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and telomere length and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and telomere length among the whole cohort. Models stratified by occupation showed stronger and more significant associations among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. Among firefighters in models adjusted for age, we found positive associations between telomere length and log-transformed PFOA (β (95%CI) = 0.57(0.12, 1.02)), PFOS (0.44 (0.05, 0.83)), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (0.43 (0.02, 0.84)). Modeling PFAS as categories of exposure showed significant associations between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and telomere length among firefighters. Significant associations between OPFR metabolites and telomere length were seen for bis (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and telomere length among Office Workers (0.21(0.03, 0.40)) and bis (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) and telomere length among firefighters (− 0.14(− 0.28, − 0.01)). For OPFRs, the difference in the direction of effect by occupational group may be due to the disparate detection frequencies and concentrations of exposure between the two groups and/or potential unmeasured confounding. Conclusion Our findings suggest positive associations between PFAS and telomere length in women Workers, with larger effects seen among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. The OPFR metabolites BDCPP and BCEP are also associated with telomere length in firefighters and Office Workers. Associations between chemical exposures and telomere length reported here and by others suggest mechanisms by which these chemicals may affect carcinogenesis and other adverse health outcomes
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associations between polyfluoroalkyl substance and organophosphate flame retardant exposures and telomere length in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in san francisco
medRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Cassidy Clarity, Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Katherine Ona, Michael Mcmaster, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Abstract Background Environmental chemical exposures can affect telomere length, which in turn has been associated with adverse health outcomes including cancer. Firefighters are occupationally exposed to many hazardous chemicals and have higher rates of certain cancers. As a potential marker of effect, we assessed associations between chemical exposures and telomere length in women firefighters and Office Workers from San Francisco, CA. Methods We measured serum levels of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), urinary metabolites of flame retardants, including organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), and telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes in women firefighters and Office Workers who participated in the 2014-15 Women Workers Biomonitoring Collaborative. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations between chemical exposures and telomere length. Results Regression results revealed significant positive associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and telomere length and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and telomere length among the whole cohort. Models stratified by occupation showed stronger and more significant associations among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. Among firefighters in models adjusted for age, we found positive associations between telomere length and log-transformed PFOA (β(95%CI) = 0.57(0.12, 1.02)), PFOS (0.44 (0.05, 0.83)), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (0.43 (0.02, 0.84)). Modeling PFAS as categories of exposure showed significant associations between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and telomere length among firefighters. Significant associations between OPFR metabolites and telomere length were seen for bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and telomere length among Office Workers (0.21(0.03, 0.40)) and bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) and telomere length among firefighters (−0.14(−0.28, −0.01)). For OPFRs, the difference in the direction of effect by occupational group may be due to the disparate detection frequencies and levels of exposure between the two groups and/or potential unmeasured confounding. Conclusion Our findings suggest positive associations between PFAS and telomere length in women Workers, with larger effects seen among firefighters as compared to Office Workers. The OPFR metabolites BDCPP and BCEP are also associated with telomere length in firefighters and Office Workers. Associations between chemical exposures and telomere length reported here and by others suggest mechanisms by which these chemicals may affect carcinogenesis and other adverse health outcomes.
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organophosphate and organohalogen flame retardant exposure and thyroid hormone disruption in a cohort of female firefighters and Office Workers from san francisco
medRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Cassidy Clarity, Katherine Ona, Michael Mcmaster, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Author(s): Trowbridge, Jessica; Gerona, Roy; McMaster, Michael; Ona, Katherine; Clarity, Cassidy; Bessonneau, Vincent; Rudel, Ruthann; Buren, Heather; Morello-Frosch, Rachel | Abstract: Background Occupational exposures to flame retardants (FR), which are suspected endocrine disrupting compounds, may be of particular concern for firefighters as they are commonly found in consumer products and have been detected in fire station dust and firefighter gear. Objectives The Women Workers Biomonitoring Collaborative is a community based participatory research study that sought to measure environmental chemicals relevant to firefighting and evaluate their effects on thyroid hormone levels. Methods We measured 10 FR or their metabolites in urine of female firefighters and Office Workers from San Francisco: bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP), dibutyl phosphate (DBuP), dibenzyl phosphate (DBzP), di-p-cresyl phosphate (DpCP), di-o-cresyl phosphate (DoCP), 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoic acid (TBBA), tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA), 5-OH-BDE 47, and 5-OH-BDE 100. We assessed potential predictors of exposure levels and the association between FR exposures and thyroxine (T 4 ) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Results BDCPP, BCEP, and DBuP were the most commonly detected FRs, among all study participants, with intermediate BMI and college educated women having the highest levels, and Black women having higher BDCPP levels than White women. Firefighters had higher detection frequencies (DF) and exposure levels compared to Office Workers; median BDCPP levels were five times higher in firefighters than in Office Workers. Among firefighters, occupational activities were not significantly associated with FR levels, although position (i.e. Officer and firefighter versus driver), being on-duty (versus off-duty) and assigned to the airport suggested a positive association with FR levels. Among firefighters, a doubling of BDCPP was associated with a 2.88% decrease (95%CI −5.28,-0.42) in T 4 . We did not observe significant associations between FR and T 4 among Office Workers. Discussion Firefighters had significantly higher exposures to FR compared to Office Workers, and we observed a negative association between BDCPP and thyroxine in firefighters. Future research should elucidate occupational sources of FR exposure and opportunities for exposure reduction.
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exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in a cohort of women firefighters and Office Workers in san francisco
Environmental Science & Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Jessica Trowbridge, Roy Gerona, Thomas Lin, Ruthann A Rudel, Vincent Bessonneau, Heather Buren, Rachel MorellofroschAbstract:Studies of firefighters have shown increased exposures to carcinogenic compounds and elevated rates of certain cancers compared to the general population, yet this research has focused almost exclusively on men. To address this gap, the Women Firefighters Biomonitoring Collaborative created a biological sample archive and analyzed levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) among women firefighters (N = 86) and Office Workers (N = 84) in San Francisco. Serum samples were collected and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to measure and compare PFAS levels between firefighters and Office Workers. 7 of 12 PFAS congeners were detected in the least 70% of the study population, and 4 congeners were detected in 100% of participants. In regression models comparing PFAS levels by occupation and adjusting for potential confounders, firefighters had higher geometric mean concentrations of PFAS compared to Office Workers PFHxS (2.22 (95% CI = 1.55, 3.18)), PFUnDA (1.83 (95% CI = 0.97, 3.45)), and PFNA (1.26 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.58)). Among firefighters, occupational position predicted exposure-firefighters and Officers had higher PFNA, PFOA, PFDA, and PFUnDA levels compared to drivers. Women firefighters are exposed to higher levels of some PFAS compared to Office Workers, suggesting that some of these exposures may be occupationally related.
A J Van Der Beek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Office Workers risk factors for the development of non specific neck pain a systematic review of prospective cohort studies
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Arpalak Paksaichol, Prawit Janwantanakul, Nithima Purepong, Praneet Pensri, A J Van Der BeekAbstract:The purpose of this study was to systematically review prospective cohort studies to gain insights into risk factors for the development of non-specific neck pain in Office Workers as well as to assess the strength of evidence. Publications were systematically searched from 1980 - March 2011 in several databases. The following key words were used: neck pain paired with risk or prognostic factors and Office or computer or visual display unit or visual display terminal. Relevant studies were retrieved and assessed for methodological quality by two independent reviewers. The strength of the evidence was based on methodological quality and consistency of the results. Five high-quality and two low-quality prospective cohort studies investigating the predictive value of 47 individual, work-related physical and work-related psychosocial factors for the onset of non-specific neck pain in Office Workers were included in this review. Strong evidence was found for female gender and previous history of neck complaints to be predictors of the onset of neck pain. Interestingly, for a large number of factors that have been mentioned in the literature as risk factors for neck pain, such as high physical leisure activity, low social support, and high psychosocial stress, we found no predictive value for future neck pain in Office Workers. Literature with respect to the development of non-specific neck pain in Office Workers is scant. Only female gender and previous history of neck complaints have been identified as risk factors that predict the onset of neck pain.
Kazuo Tsubota - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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importance of tear film instability in dry eye disease in Office Workers using visual display terminals the osaka study
American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2015Co-Authors: Norihiko Yokoi, Kazuo Tsubota, Murat Dogru, Miki Uchino, Yuichi Uchino, Motoko Kawashima, Aoi Komuro, Yukiko Sonomura, Hiroaki Kato, Shigeru KinoshitaAbstract:Purpose To evaluate the relationship between subjective symptoms and clinical signs in dry eye disease (DED) in Office Workers using visual display terminals (VDTs). Design Cross-sectional study. Methods This study involved 672 Japanese young and middle-aged Office Workers who use VDTs. The subjects completed questionnaires designed to detect subjective symptoms and risk factors for DED. Dry eye tests, including tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal-conjunctival staining with fluorescein and lissamine green, and the Schirmer test, were performed. Based on the Japanese diagnostic criteria for DED, the subjects were classified into 3 groups: definite DED, probable DED, and non-DED. Between each group, subjective symptoms and clinical signs were compared. Results Of the 672 subjects, 561 (374 male, 187 female) completed the questionnaire (response rate: 83.5%). Definite DED was diagnosed in 65 subjects (11.6%), probable DED in 303 subjects (54.0%), and non-DED in 193 subjects (34.4%). The mean subjective symptom score was significantly less in subjects with probable DED (2.05 ± 0.42) and non-DED (1.63 ± 0.38) than in those with definite DED (2.19 ± 0.40) ( P P P = .269). Conclusions Despite no or minor epithelial damage, the severity of subjective symptoms was greater in short TBUT-type DED, most likely attributable to tear film instability. Thus, it might prove important to evaluate TBUT to successfully treat those patients.
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efficacy of a novel moist cool air device in Office Workers with dry eye disease
Acta Ophthalmologica, 2013Co-Authors: Masatoshi Hirayama, Takashi Kojima, Dogru Murat, Tetsuya Kawakita, Kazuo TsubotaAbstract:. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of new moist cool air device (MCAD) for ocular symptoms, tear film stability and ocular surface status in Office Workers with dry eye disease (DED). Methods: In this prospective single-centre clinical trial, 40 eyes of 20 patients with DED were recruited and randomly divided into two groups (group with MCAD exposure and group without MCAD). All subjects are visual display terminals (VDTs) Workers spending at least 4 h/day in front of VDTs. Patients using MCAD underwent moist air applications for 4 h/day for a total of five working weekdays during VDT works at their Offices. The other group of patients performed their VDT work without moist cool air device exposure. The change in symptoms of ocular surface (OS) dryness, fatigue and discomfort was evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Changes in visual function, tear functions and ocular surface status were evaluated using best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the functional visual acuity (FVA) test, blink rate, BUT measurements, strip meniscometry (SM), tear evaporation rate, fluorescein staining and rose bengal staining scores. Tear film lipid layer interferometry was also performed to assess the status of the lipid layer over the tear film. In addition, adverse events were recorded. Results: In group with MCAD, symptoms of OS dryness during VDTs work, and FVA and BUT were significantly improved. SM and tear evaporation rate were significantly improved. There were no statistically significant differences on lipid layer stability and corneal staining scores in both groups. Blink rate was significantly increased in group without MCAD. No adverse events were reported during this trial. Conclusion: Moist cool air device use provided symptomatic relief of ocular dryness and improvement on tear stability in Office Workers with DED. This new device seems to be a safe and promising alternative in the treatment of DED.
