The Experts below are selected from a list of 663 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jørgen Eilenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evolutionary interaction networks of insect pathogenic fungi
Annual Review of Entomology, 2014Co-Authors: Jacobus J. Boomsma, Annette Bruun Jensen, Nicolai V. Meyling, Jørgen EilenbergAbstract:Lineages of insect pathogenic fungi are concentrated in three major clades: Hypocreales (several genera), Entomophthoromycota (orders Entomophthorales and Neozygitales), and Onygenales (genus Ascosphaera). Our review focuses on aspects of the evolutionary biology of these fungi that have remained underemphasized in previous reviews. To ensure integration with the better-known domains of insect pathology research, we followed a conceptual framework formulated by Tinbergen, asking complementary questions on mechanism, ontogeny, phylogeny, and adaptation. We aim to provide an introduction to the merits of evolutionary approaches for readers with a background in invertebrate pathology research and to make the insect pathogenic fungi more accessible as model systems for evolutionary biologists. We identify a number of questions in which fundamental research can offer novel insights into the evolutionary forces that have shaped host specialization and life-history traits such as spore number and size, somatic growth rate, toxin production, and interactions with host immune systems.
-
Ascosphaera subglobosa, a new spore cyst fungus from North America associated with the solitary bee Megachile rotundata.
Mycologia, 2011Co-Authors: Anja Amtoft Wynns, Annette Bruun Jensen, Jørgen Eilenberg, Rosalind R. JamesAbstract:Ascosphaera subglobosa (Eurotiomycetes: Onygenales) is newly described from the pollen provisions and nesting material of the solitary leaf- cutting bee Megachile rotundata in Canada and the western United States. This new species, related to A. atra and A. duoformis, is distinguished from other Ascosphaera species by its globose to subglobose ascospores, evanescent spore balls and unique nucle- ar ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS and LSU).
-
Short title: Ascosphaera subglobose Ascosphaera subglobosa, a new spore cyst fungus from North America associated with the solitary bee Megachile rotundata
2011Co-Authors: Anja Amtoft Wynns, Annette Bruun Jensen, Jørgen EilenbergAbstract:Ascosphaera subglobosa (Eurotiomycetes: Onygenales) is newly described from the pollen provisions and nesting material of the solitary leaf-cutting bee Megachile rotundata in Canada and the western United States. This new species, related to A. atra and A. duoformis, is distinguished from other Ascosphaera species by its globose to subglobose ascospores, evanescent spore balls and unique nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS and LSU).
J. Guarro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Diversity of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in honey
IMA Fungus, 2019Co-Authors: E. Rodríguez-andrade, Alberto Miguel Stchigel, J. Guarro, A. Terrab, José F. Cano-liraAbstract:Fungi can colonize most of the substrata on Earth. Honey, a sugary food produced by bees (and other insects) has been studied little in terms of its fungal diversity. We have surveyed and evaluated the presence of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in a set of honey bee samples collected from across Spain. From 84 samples, a total of 104 fungal strains were isolated, and morphologically and phylogenetically characterized. We identified 32 species distributed across 16 genera, most of them belonging to the ascomycetous genera Aspergillus , Bettsia , Candida , Eremascus , Monascus , Oidiodendron , Penicillium , Skoua , Talaromyces and Zygosaccharomyces . As a result of this survey, eight new taxa are proposed: i.e. the new family Helicoarthrosporaceae, two new genera, Helicoarthrosporum and Strongyloarthrosporum in Onygenales ; three new species of Eurotiales , Talaromyces affinitatimellis , T. basipetosporus , and T. brunneosporus ; and two new species of Myxotrichaceae, Oidiodendron mellicola, and Skoua asexualis .
-
Isolation and characterization of a new fungal genus and species, Aphanoascella galapagosensis, from carapace keratitis of a Galapagos tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra microphyes)
Medical Mycology, 2013Co-Authors: Deanna A. Sutton, Brian L. Wickes, Dania García, Y. Marín, Elizabeth H. Thompson, A. Swinford, T. De Maar, J. GuarroAbstract:A new fungal genus and species, Aphanoascella galapagosensis, recovered from carapace keratitis in a Galapagos tortoise residing in a south Texas zoological collection, is characterized and described. The presence of a pale peridium composed of textura epidermoidea surrounded by scarce Hulle cell-like chlamydospores, and the characteristic reticulate ascospores with an equatorial rim separates it from other genera within the Onygenales. The phylogenetic tree inferred from the analysis of D1/D2 sequences demonstrates that this fungus represents a new lineage within that order. As D1/D2 and ITS sequence data also shows a further separation of Aphanoascus spp. into two monophyletic groups, we propose to retain the generic name Keratinophyton for species whose ascospores are pitted and display a conspicuous equatorial rim, and thereby propose new combinations in this genus for four Aphanoascus species.
-
Phylogeny of the anamorphic genus Chrysosporium and related taxa based on rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences.
2000Co-Authors: P. Vidal, M. De Los Angeles Vinuesa, J. M. Sánchez-puelles, J. Guarro, R. K. S. KushwahaAbstract:Phylogenetic relationships of 57 species of Chrysosporium and related species belonging to Onygenales and Sordariales were studied by analysing the nucleotide sequences of the 5·8S rRNA gene and their flanking ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Chrysosporium is a polyphyletic taxon with affiliations to at least two orders of the Ascomycota. The phylogenetic trees obtained in this study divided the genus into nine highly supported monophyletic groups (clades I-IX). However, relationships among these groups were not resolved. These groups were consistent for both methods of comparison (neighbor-joining and parsimony) and clearly correlated with groupings based on classical morphological criteria, enzymatic capabilities and teleomorph morphology. The genus Chrysosporium should be restricted to anamorphs of Onygenales, while Geomyces should be restricted to anamorphs of Myxotrichaceae and Myceliophthora to anamorphs of Sordariales. This study also demonstrates that several pairs of species are very similar, which suggests that they are synonymous, e.g. C. articulatum and A. reticulosporus; C. keratinophilum and A. keratinophilus and C. lucknowense and C. mephiticum.
-
A preliminary study of the occurrence of actidione-resistant fungi in sediments of Catalonian river mouths (Spain). I. Keratinolytic fungi and related Onygenales
Mycopathologia, 1998Co-Authors: K. Ulfig, Maria José Figueras, Josepa Gene, P. Vidal, J. Guarro, J. Cano, W. ŁukasikAbstract:Sediments from eight river mouths along the Catalonian coast (Spain) were surveyed for keratinolytic fungi and related Onygenales. The actidione plating technique was employed. Of 532 actidione-treated sediment samples, 268 (50.3%) were positive for the fungi. Altogether, 384 fungal strains from 35 species were isolated from the samples. Narasimhella marginospora, Aphanoascus fulvescens, Neoarachnotheca keratinophila with its anamorph Myriodontium keratinophilum, Narasimhella hyalinospora, Beauveria alba, Sporothrix schenckii, Chrysosporium lobatum and Gymnoascus littoralis were the predominant species in sediments. Abundance of N. marginospora was clearly correlated with the degree of water pollution with sewage.
Annette Bruun Jensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evolutionary interaction networks of insect pathogenic fungi
Annual Review of Entomology, 2014Co-Authors: Jacobus J. Boomsma, Annette Bruun Jensen, Nicolai V. Meyling, Jørgen EilenbergAbstract:Lineages of insect pathogenic fungi are concentrated in three major clades: Hypocreales (several genera), Entomophthoromycota (orders Entomophthorales and Neozygitales), and Onygenales (genus Ascosphaera). Our review focuses on aspects of the evolutionary biology of these fungi that have remained underemphasized in previous reviews. To ensure integration with the better-known domains of insect pathology research, we followed a conceptual framework formulated by Tinbergen, asking complementary questions on mechanism, ontogeny, phylogeny, and adaptation. We aim to provide an introduction to the merits of evolutionary approaches for readers with a background in invertebrate pathology research and to make the insect pathogenic fungi more accessible as model systems for evolutionary biologists. We identify a number of questions in which fundamental research can offer novel insights into the evolutionary forces that have shaped host specialization and life-history traits such as spore number and size, somatic growth rate, toxin production, and interactions with host immune systems.
-
Ascosphaera subglobosa, a new spore cyst fungus from North America associated with the solitary bee Megachile rotundata.
Mycologia, 2011Co-Authors: Anja Amtoft Wynns, Annette Bruun Jensen, Jørgen Eilenberg, Rosalind R. JamesAbstract:Ascosphaera subglobosa (Eurotiomycetes: Onygenales) is newly described from the pollen provisions and nesting material of the solitary leaf- cutting bee Megachile rotundata in Canada and the western United States. This new species, related to A. atra and A. duoformis, is distinguished from other Ascosphaera species by its globose to subglobose ascospores, evanescent spore balls and unique nucle- ar ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS and LSU).
-
Short title: Ascosphaera subglobose Ascosphaera subglobosa, a new spore cyst fungus from North America associated with the solitary bee Megachile rotundata
2011Co-Authors: Anja Amtoft Wynns, Annette Bruun Jensen, Jørgen EilenbergAbstract:Ascosphaera subglobosa (Eurotiomycetes: Onygenales) is newly described from the pollen provisions and nesting material of the solitary leaf-cutting bee Megachile rotundata in Canada and the western United States. This new species, related to A. atra and A. duoformis, is distinguished from other Ascosphaera species by its globose to subglobose ascospores, evanescent spore balls and unique nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS and LSU).
José F. Cano-lira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Diversity of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in honey
IMA Fungus, 2019Co-Authors: E. Rodríguez-andrade, Alberto Miguel Stchigel, J. Guarro, A. Terrab, José F. Cano-liraAbstract:Fungi can colonize most of the substrata on Earth. Honey, a sugary food produced by bees (and other insects) has been studied little in terms of its fungal diversity. We have surveyed and evaluated the presence of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in a set of honey bee samples collected from across Spain. From 84 samples, a total of 104 fungal strains were isolated, and morphologically and phylogenetically characterized. We identified 32 species distributed across 16 genera, most of them belonging to the ascomycetous genera Aspergillus , Bettsia , Candida , Eremascus , Monascus , Oidiodendron , Penicillium , Skoua , Talaromyces and Zygosaccharomyces . As a result of this survey, eight new taxa are proposed: i.e. the new family Helicoarthrosporaceae, two new genera, Helicoarthrosporum and Strongyloarthrosporum in Onygenales ; three new species of Eurotiales , Talaromyces affinitatimellis , T. basipetosporus , and T. brunneosporus ; and two new species of Myxotrichaceae, Oidiodendron mellicola, and Skoua asexualis .
-
New Species Spiromastigoides albida from a Lung Biopsy
Mycopathologia, 2017Co-Authors: Alberto Miguel Stchigel, Deanna A. Sutton, José F. Cano-lira, Nathan Wiederhold, Josep GuarroAbstract:The new species Spiromastigoides albida (Onygenales, Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota), from a lung biopsy in USA, is proposed and described based on morphological data and the analysis of rRNA, and fragments of actin and ß-tubulin gene sequences. This species is characterized by white colonies and a malbranchea-like asexual morph with profusely branching curved conidiophores forming sporodochia-like structures. Moreover, new combinations for Gymnoascus alatosporus , and for some new species recently described under the generic name Spiromastix , are provided.
-
Phylogeny of chrysosporia infecting reptiles: Proposal of the new family Nannizziopsiaceae and five new species
Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi, 2013Co-Authors: Alberto Miguel Stchigel, Deanna A. Sutton, José F. Cano-lira, F. J. Cabañes, L. Abarca, Kathrin Tintelnot, Brian L. Wickes, Dania García, Josep GuarroAbstract:We have performed a phenotypic and phylogenetic study of a set of fungi, mostly of veterinary origin, morphologically similar to the Chrysosporium asexual morph of Nannizziopsis vriesii (Onygenales, Eurotiomycetidae, Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota). The analysis of sequences of the D1-D2 domains of the 28S rDNA, including representatives of the different families of the Onygenales, revealed that N. vriesii and relatives form a distinct lineage within that order, which is proposed as the new family Nannizziopsiaceae. The members of this family show the particular characteristic of causing skin infections in reptiles and producing hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled, small, mostly sessile 1-celled conidia and colonies with a pungent skunk-like odour. The phenotypic and multigene study results, based on ribosomal ITS region, actin and β-tubulin sequences, demonstrated that some of the fungi included in this study were different from the known species of Nannizziopsis and Chrysosporium and are described here as new. They are N. chlamydospora, N. draconii, N. arthrosporioides, N. pluriseptata and Chrysosporium longisporum. Nannizziopsis chlamydospora is distinguished by producing chlamydospores and by its ability to grow at 5 °C. Nannizziopsis draconii is able to grow on bromocresol purple-milk solids-glucose (BCP-MS-G) agar alkalinizing the medium, is resistant to 0.2 % cycloheximide but does not grow on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) with 3 % NaCl. Nannizziopsis arthrosporioides is characterised by the production of very long arthroconidia. Nannizziopsis pluriseptata produces 1- to 5-celled sessile conidia, alkalinizes the BCP-MS-G agar and grows on SDA supplemented with 5 % NaCl. Chrysosporium longisporum shows long sessile conidia (up to 13 μm) and does not produce lipase.
Alberto Miguel Stchigel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Diversity of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in honey
IMA Fungus, 2019Co-Authors: E. Rodríguez-andrade, Alberto Miguel Stchigel, J. Guarro, A. Terrab, José F. Cano-liraAbstract:Fungi can colonize most of the substrata on Earth. Honey, a sugary food produced by bees (and other insects) has been studied little in terms of its fungal diversity. We have surveyed and evaluated the presence of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in a set of honey bee samples collected from across Spain. From 84 samples, a total of 104 fungal strains were isolated, and morphologically and phylogenetically characterized. We identified 32 species distributed across 16 genera, most of them belonging to the ascomycetous genera Aspergillus , Bettsia , Candida , Eremascus , Monascus , Oidiodendron , Penicillium , Skoua , Talaromyces and Zygosaccharomyces . As a result of this survey, eight new taxa are proposed: i.e. the new family Helicoarthrosporaceae, two new genera, Helicoarthrosporum and Strongyloarthrosporum in Onygenales ; three new species of Eurotiales , Talaromyces affinitatimellis , T. basipetosporus , and T. brunneosporus ; and two new species of Myxotrichaceae, Oidiodendron mellicola, and Skoua asexualis .
-
New Species Spiromastigoides albida from a Lung Biopsy
Mycopathologia, 2017Co-Authors: Alberto Miguel Stchigel, Deanna A. Sutton, José F. Cano-lira, Nathan Wiederhold, Josep GuarroAbstract:The new species Spiromastigoides albida (Onygenales, Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota), from a lung biopsy in USA, is proposed and described based on morphological data and the analysis of rRNA, and fragments of actin and ß-tubulin gene sequences. This species is characterized by white colonies and a malbranchea-like asexual morph with profusely branching curved conidiophores forming sporodochia-like structures. Moreover, new combinations for Gymnoascus alatosporus , and for some new species recently described under the generic name Spiromastix , are provided.
-
Phylogeny of chrysosporia infecting reptiles: Proposal of the new family Nannizziopsiaceae and five new species
Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi, 2013Co-Authors: Alberto Miguel Stchigel, Deanna A. Sutton, José F. Cano-lira, F. J. Cabañes, L. Abarca, Kathrin Tintelnot, Brian L. Wickes, Dania García, Josep GuarroAbstract:We have performed a phenotypic and phylogenetic study of a set of fungi, mostly of veterinary origin, morphologically similar to the Chrysosporium asexual morph of Nannizziopsis vriesii (Onygenales, Eurotiomycetidae, Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota). The analysis of sequences of the D1-D2 domains of the 28S rDNA, including representatives of the different families of the Onygenales, revealed that N. vriesii and relatives form a distinct lineage within that order, which is proposed as the new family Nannizziopsiaceae. The members of this family show the particular characteristic of causing skin infections in reptiles and producing hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled, small, mostly sessile 1-celled conidia and colonies with a pungent skunk-like odour. The phenotypic and multigene study results, based on ribosomal ITS region, actin and β-tubulin sequences, demonstrated that some of the fungi included in this study were different from the known species of Nannizziopsis and Chrysosporium and are described here as new. They are N. chlamydospora, N. draconii, N. arthrosporioides, N. pluriseptata and Chrysosporium longisporum. Nannizziopsis chlamydospora is distinguished by producing chlamydospores and by its ability to grow at 5 °C. Nannizziopsis draconii is able to grow on bromocresol purple-milk solids-glucose (BCP-MS-G) agar alkalinizing the medium, is resistant to 0.2 % cycloheximide but does not grow on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) with 3 % NaCl. Nannizziopsis arthrosporioides is characterised by the production of very long arthroconidia. Nannizziopsis pluriseptata produces 1- to 5-celled sessile conidia, alkalinizes the BCP-MS-G agar and grows on SDA supplemented with 5 % NaCl. Chrysosporium longisporum shows long sessile conidia (up to 13 μm) and does not produce lipase.
-
Developments in fungal taxonomy
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 1999Co-Authors: Josep Guarro, Josepa Gene, Alberto Miguel StchigelAbstract:Fungal infections, especially those caused by opportunistic species, have become substantially more common in recent decades. Numerous species cause human infections, and several new human pathogens are discovered yearly. This situation has created an increasing interest in fungal taxonomy and has led to the development of new methods and approaches to fungal biosystematics which have promoted important practical advances in identification procedures. However, the significance of some data provided by the new approaches is still unclear, and results drawn from such studies may even increase nomenclatural confusion. Analyses of rRNA and rDNA sequences constitute an important complement of the morphological criteria needed to allow clinical fungi to be more easily identified and placed on a single phylogenetic tree. Most of the pathogenic fungi so far described belong to the kingdom Fungi; two belong to the kingdom Chromista. Within the Fungi, they are distributed in three phyla and in 15 orders (Pneumocystidales, Saccharomycetales, Dothideales, Sordariales, Onygenales, Eurotiales, Hypocreales, Ophiostomatales, Microascales, Tremellales, Poriales, Stereales, Agaricales, Schizophyllales, and Ustilaginales).
