The Experts below are selected from a list of 48729 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Boris B Gorzalka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sex differences in forced swim and Open Field Test behaviours after chronic administration of melatonin
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2000Co-Authors: Lori A Brotto, Alasdair M Barr, Boris B GorzalkaAbstract:The effects of melatonin administered chronically on forced-swim Test and Open-Field Test behaviours were examined in male and female rats. The forced-swim Test has been shown to be sensitive to all major classes of antidepressants and evidence indicates that melatonin possesses putative antidepressive properties. Male and female Long-Evans rats received either a regimen of chronic administration of melatonin or the control condition for 14 days via the drinking water. On day 15, each animal was individually introduced into a swim chamber, and was scored for 15 min on the duration of swimming, struggling, and immobility. After 24 h, each animal was again Tested in the forced-swim Test for 10 min. On day 18, all animals were Tested in the Open-Field Test apparatus for 5 min. Results revealed that females consistently showed higher activity levels than males in the forced-swim and Open-Field Tests. Melatonin significantly increased struggling in males on day 15, but failed to do so in females. Also, whereas melatonin-treated females showed higher levels of behavioural immobility during their first exposure to the forced-swim Test, this effect was prevented upon a second exposure. In both males and females, melatonin decreased swimming in the forced-swim Test while increasing Open-Field ambulatory behaviour. Therefore, it is unlikely that melatonin's mechanism of action is a general inhibitory effect on motor activity. Taken together, the results suggest that the effects of melatonin treatment on forced-swim Test behaviours are sex- and Test-dependent.
Paola Valsecchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does subjective rating reflect behavioural coding personality in 2 month old dog puppies an Open Field Test and adjective based questionnaire
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: Shanis Barnard, Sarah Marshallpescini, Chiara Passalacqua, V Beghelli, Alexa Capra, Simona Normando, Annalisa Pelosi, Paola ValsecchiAbstract:A number of studies have recently investigated personality traits in non-human species, with the dog gaining popularity as a subject species for research in this area. Recent research has shown the consistency of personality traits across both context and time for adult dogs, both when using questionnaire based methods of investigation and behavioural analyses of the dogs’ behaviour. However, only a few studies have assessed the correspondence between these two methods, with results varying considerably across studies. Furthermore, most studies have focused on adult dogs, despite the fact that an understanding of personality traits in young puppies may be important for research focusing on the genetic basis of personality traits. In the current study, we sought to evaluate the correspondence between a questionnaire based method and the in depth analyses of the behaviour of 2-month old puppies in an Open-Field Test in which a number of both social and non-social stimuli were presented to the subjects. We further evaluated consistency of traits over time by re-Testing a subset of puppies. The correspondence between methods was high and Test- reTest consistency (for the main trait) was also good using both evaluation methods. Results showed clear factors referring to the two main personality traits ‘extroversion,’ (i.e. the enthusiastic, exuberant approach to the stimuli) and ‘neuroticism,’ (i.e. the more cautious and fearful approach to the stimuli), potentially similar to the shyness-boldness dimension found in previous studies. Furthermore, both methods identified an ‘amicability’ dimension, expressing the positive interactions the pups directed at the humans stranger, and a ‘reservedness’ dimension which identified pups who largely chose not to interact with the stimuli, and were defined as quiet and not nosey in the questionnaire.
Lori A Brotto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sex differences in forced swim and Open Field Test behaviours after chronic administration of melatonin
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2000Co-Authors: Lori A Brotto, Alasdair M Barr, Boris B GorzalkaAbstract:The effects of melatonin administered chronically on forced-swim Test and Open-Field Test behaviours were examined in male and female rats. The forced-swim Test has been shown to be sensitive to all major classes of antidepressants and evidence indicates that melatonin possesses putative antidepressive properties. Male and female Long-Evans rats received either a regimen of chronic administration of melatonin or the control condition for 14 days via the drinking water. On day 15, each animal was individually introduced into a swim chamber, and was scored for 15 min on the duration of swimming, struggling, and immobility. After 24 h, each animal was again Tested in the forced-swim Test for 10 min. On day 18, all animals were Tested in the Open-Field Test apparatus for 5 min. Results revealed that females consistently showed higher activity levels than males in the forced-swim and Open-Field Tests. Melatonin significantly increased struggling in males on day 15, but failed to do so in females. Also, whereas melatonin-treated females showed higher levels of behavioural immobility during their first exposure to the forced-swim Test, this effect was prevented upon a second exposure. In both males and females, melatonin decreased swimming in the forced-swim Test while increasing Open-Field ambulatory behaviour. Therefore, it is unlikely that melatonin's mechanism of action is a general inhibitory effect on motor activity. Taken together, the results suggest that the effects of melatonin treatment on forced-swim Test behaviours are sex- and Test-dependent.
Miguel Perez De La Mora - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of thirst and visual barriers in the differential behavior displayed by streptozotocin treated rats in the elevated plus maze and the Open Field Test
Physiology & Behavior, 2013Co-Authors: Daniela Rebolledosolleiro, Minerva Cresporamirez, Gabriel Roldanroldan, Marcia Hiriart, Miguel Perez De La MoraAbstract:Abstract Conflicting results have been obtained by several groups when studying the effects of streptozotocin (STZ)–treated rats in the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Since thirst is a prominent feature in STZ-induced diabetic-like condition, we studied whether the walls of the closed arms of the EPM, by limiting the search for water in the environment, may contribute to the observed differential behavioral outcomes. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether visual barriers within the EPM have an influence on the behavior of STZ-treated rats in this Test of anxiety. A striking similarity between STZ-treated (50 mg/kg, i.p., in two consecutive days) and water deprived rats (72 h) was found in exploratory behavior in the EPM, showing an anxiolytic-like profile. However the anxiolytic response of STZ-treated rats exposed to the EPM shifts into an anxiogenic profile when they are subsequently Tested in the Open-Field Test, which unlike the EPM is devoid of visual barriers. Likewise, water deprived rats (72 h) also showed an anxiogenic profile when they were exposed to the Open-Field Test. Our results indicate that experimental outcomes based on EPM observations can be misleading when studying physiological or pathological conditions, e.g. diabetes, in which thirst may increase exploratory behavior.
Alasdair M Barr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sex differences in forced swim and Open Field Test behaviours after chronic administration of melatonin
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2000Co-Authors: Lori A Brotto, Alasdair M Barr, Boris B GorzalkaAbstract:The effects of melatonin administered chronically on forced-swim Test and Open-Field Test behaviours were examined in male and female rats. The forced-swim Test has been shown to be sensitive to all major classes of antidepressants and evidence indicates that melatonin possesses putative antidepressive properties. Male and female Long-Evans rats received either a regimen of chronic administration of melatonin or the control condition for 14 days via the drinking water. On day 15, each animal was individually introduced into a swim chamber, and was scored for 15 min on the duration of swimming, struggling, and immobility. After 24 h, each animal was again Tested in the forced-swim Test for 10 min. On day 18, all animals were Tested in the Open-Field Test apparatus for 5 min. Results revealed that females consistently showed higher activity levels than males in the forced-swim and Open-Field Tests. Melatonin significantly increased struggling in males on day 15, but failed to do so in females. Also, whereas melatonin-treated females showed higher levels of behavioural immobility during their first exposure to the forced-swim Test, this effect was prevented upon a second exposure. In both males and females, melatonin decreased swimming in the forced-swim Test while increasing Open-Field ambulatory behaviour. Therefore, it is unlikely that melatonin's mechanism of action is a general inhibitory effect on motor activity. Taken together, the results suggest that the effects of melatonin treatment on forced-swim Test behaviours are sex- and Test-dependent.
