The Experts below are selected from a list of 140433 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andre Stephan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluating the life cycle Energy benefits of Energy efficiency regulations for buildings
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Robert H. Crawford, Andre Stephan, Erika Bartak, Ca JensenAbstract:Abstract Energy efficiency regulations for buildings often focus solely on Operational and thermal Energy demands. Increasing a building׳s thermal Energy efficiency is most often undertaken by increasing insulation thickness and installing high performance windows. These measures can result in a significant increase in embodied Energy which is currently not considered in the majority of existing building Energy regulations. This study uses a case study house in Melbourne and Brisbane, Australia to investigate the life cycle primary Energy repercussions of increasing building Energy efficiency levels over 50 years. It uses the comprehensive hybrid approach and a dynamic software tool to quantify embodied and Operational Energy, respectively. It considers material and design-related changes in order to improve Energy efficiency as well as a combination of both. Results show that while increasing the envelope thermal Energy performance yields thermal Operational Energy savings, these can be offset by the additional embodied Energy required for supplementary insulation materials and thermally efficient windows. The point at which supplementary insulation materials do not yield life cycle Energy benefits is just above current minimum Energy efficiency requirements in Australia. In order to reduce a building׳s life cycle Energy demand, more comprehensive regulations are needed. These should combine embodied and Operational Energy and emphasise design strategies.
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the significance of embodied Energy in certified passive houses
World academy of science engineering and technology, 2013Co-Authors: Robert H. Crawford, Andre StephanAbstract:Certifications such as the Passive House Standard aim to reduce the final space heating Energy demand of residential buildings. Space conditioning, notably heating, is responsible for nearly 70% of final residential Energy consumption in Europe. There is therefore significant scope for the reduction of Energy consumption through improvements to the Energy efficiency of residential buildings.However, these certifications totally overlook the Energy embodied in the building materials used to achieve this greater Operational Energy efficiency. The large amount of insulation and the triple-glazed high efficiency windows require a significant amount of Energy to manufacture. While some previous studies have assessed the life cycle Energy demand of passive houses, including their embodied Energy, these rely on incomplete assessment techniques which greatly underestimate embodied Energy and can lead to misleading conclusions.This paper analyses the embodied and Operational Energy demands of a case study passive house using a comprehensive hybrid analysis technique to quantify embodied Energy.Results show that the embodied Energy is much more significant than previously thought. Also, compared to a standard house with the same geometry, structure, finishes and number of people, a passive house can use more Energy over 80 years, mainly due to the additional materials required.Current building Energy efficiency certifications should widen their system boundaries to include embodied Energy in order to reduce the life cycle Energy demand of residential buildings.
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towards a comprehensive life cycle Energy analysis framework for residential buildings
Energy and Buildings, 2012Co-Authors: Andre Stephan, Robert H. Crawford, Kristel De MyttenaereAbstract:Current assessments of residential building Energy demand focus mainly on Operational Energy, notably in thermal terms. The embodied Energy of buildings and the transport Energy consumption of their users are typically overlooked. Recent studies have shown that these two Energy demands can represent more than half of the life cycle Energy over 50 years. This article presents a framework which takes into account Energy requirements at the building scale, i.e. the embodied and Operational Energy of the building and its refurbishment, and at the city scale, i.e. the embodied Energy of nearby infrastructures and the transport Energy (direct and indirect) of its users. This framework has been implemented through the development of a software tool which allows the rapid analysis of the life cycle Energy demand of buildings at different scales. Results from two case studies, located in Brussels, Belgium and Melbourne, Australia, confirm that each of the embodied, Operational and transport requirements are nearly equally important. By integrating these three Energy flows, the developed framework and software provide building designers, planners and decision makers with a powerful tool to effectively reduce the overall Energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions of residential buildings. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Weijen Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Energy Efficiency Improvement of a Single-Phase AC Spot Welding Machine by Using an Advanced Thyristor Switched Detuning Capacitor Bank
IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2018Co-Authors: Wei-hsiang Ko, Jyh-cherng Gu, Weijen LeeAbstract:The operation of an ac spot welding load invokes serious power quality problems, such as voltage fluctuation, poor power factor, and harmonic distortion, resulting in additional power dissipation of the transformer and reducing in the Operational Energy efficiency. This paper proposes a fast reactive power compensating solution to improve the overall power quality of a single-phase ac spot welding machine by using an advanced thyristor switched capacitor (TSC) for detuning harmonic filtering and power factor correction bank. This study evaluates the specific improvement results regarding power dissipation, harmonic loss factor, maximum permissible load current, and top-oil temperature rise of the transformer. Based upon the implementation and experimental results, it shows that the proposed solution can effectively improve the Operational Energy efficiency as well as the power quality of the system. From the calculated curves, the improvement results with different TSC capacities under different operation conditions can be estimated.
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Energy efficiency improvement of a single phase ac spot welding machine by using an advanced thyristor switched detuning capacitor bank
IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2017Co-Authors: Weijen LeeAbstract:This paper presents the improvement of power quality and Operational Energy efficiency by using an advanced thyristor switched detuning capacitor bank (TSC). The operation of an ac spot welding load invokes serious power quality problems, such voltage fluctuation, poor power factor, and harmonic distortion, resulting in additional power dissipations of the transformer, and also reducing the Operational Energy efficiency of the load. Hence, this paper proposes a fast reactive power compensating solution to improve the overall power quality of the distribution power system. The selection of compensation capacity and its improvement result are presented and discussed. Furthermore, this study evaluates the specific improving result through various losses and indicators, including power dissipation, harmonic loss factor, maximum permissible load current, and top-oil temperature rise of the transformer. From the calculated curves, the improvement results with different TSC capacity can be observed. Finally, from the implement and the experimental result, the proposed solution can effectively improve the Operational Energy efficiency as well as the power quality of the power system.
Robert H. Crawford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluating the life cycle Energy benefits of Energy efficiency regulations for buildings
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Robert H. Crawford, Andre Stephan, Erika Bartak, Ca JensenAbstract:Abstract Energy efficiency regulations for buildings often focus solely on Operational and thermal Energy demands. Increasing a building׳s thermal Energy efficiency is most often undertaken by increasing insulation thickness and installing high performance windows. These measures can result in a significant increase in embodied Energy which is currently not considered in the majority of existing building Energy regulations. This study uses a case study house in Melbourne and Brisbane, Australia to investigate the life cycle primary Energy repercussions of increasing building Energy efficiency levels over 50 years. It uses the comprehensive hybrid approach and a dynamic software tool to quantify embodied and Operational Energy, respectively. It considers material and design-related changes in order to improve Energy efficiency as well as a combination of both. Results show that while increasing the envelope thermal Energy performance yields thermal Operational Energy savings, these can be offset by the additional embodied Energy required for supplementary insulation materials and thermally efficient windows. The point at which supplementary insulation materials do not yield life cycle Energy benefits is just above current minimum Energy efficiency requirements in Australia. In order to reduce a building׳s life cycle Energy demand, more comprehensive regulations are needed. These should combine embodied and Operational Energy and emphasise design strategies.
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the significance of embodied Energy in certified passive houses
World academy of science engineering and technology, 2013Co-Authors: Robert H. Crawford, Andre StephanAbstract:Certifications such as the Passive House Standard aim to reduce the final space heating Energy demand of residential buildings. Space conditioning, notably heating, is responsible for nearly 70% of final residential Energy consumption in Europe. There is therefore significant scope for the reduction of Energy consumption through improvements to the Energy efficiency of residential buildings.However, these certifications totally overlook the Energy embodied in the building materials used to achieve this greater Operational Energy efficiency. The large amount of insulation and the triple-glazed high efficiency windows require a significant amount of Energy to manufacture. While some previous studies have assessed the life cycle Energy demand of passive houses, including their embodied Energy, these rely on incomplete assessment techniques which greatly underestimate embodied Energy and can lead to misleading conclusions.This paper analyses the embodied and Operational Energy demands of a case study passive house using a comprehensive hybrid analysis technique to quantify embodied Energy.Results show that the embodied Energy is much more significant than previously thought. Also, compared to a standard house with the same geometry, structure, finishes and number of people, a passive house can use more Energy over 80 years, mainly due to the additional materials required.Current building Energy efficiency certifications should widen their system boundaries to include embodied Energy in order to reduce the life cycle Energy demand of residential buildings.
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towards a comprehensive life cycle Energy analysis framework for residential buildings
Energy and Buildings, 2012Co-Authors: Andre Stephan, Robert H. Crawford, Kristel De MyttenaereAbstract:Current assessments of residential building Energy demand focus mainly on Operational Energy, notably in thermal terms. The embodied Energy of buildings and the transport Energy consumption of their users are typically overlooked. Recent studies have shown that these two Energy demands can represent more than half of the life cycle Energy over 50 years. This article presents a framework which takes into account Energy requirements at the building scale, i.e. the embodied and Operational Energy of the building and its refurbishment, and at the city scale, i.e. the embodied Energy of nearby infrastructures and the transport Energy (direct and indirect) of its users. This framework has been implemented through the development of a software tool which allows the rapid analysis of the life cycle Energy demand of buildings at different scales. Results from two case studies, located in Brussels, Belgium and Melbourne, Australia, confirm that each of the embodied, Operational and transport requirements are nearly equally important. By integrating these three Energy flows, the developed framework and software provide building designers, planners and decision makers with a powerful tool to effectively reduce the overall Energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions of residential buildings. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Tove Malmqvist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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iea ebc annex 57 evaluation of embodied Energy and co2eq for building construction
Energy and Buildings, 2017Co-Authors: Harpa Birgisdottir, Alice Moncaster, Aoife Anne Marie Houlihan Wiberg, Changu Chae, Keizo Yokoyama, Maria Balouktsi, Thomas Lutzkendorf, Tove MalmqvistAbstract:Abstract The current regulations to reduce Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from buildings have focused on Operational Energy consumption. Thus legislation excludes measurement and reduction of the embodied Energy and embodied GHG emissions over the building life cycle. Embodied impacts are a significant and growing proportion and it is increasingly recognised that the focus on reducing Operational Energy consumption needs to be accompanied by a parallel focus on reducing embodied impacts. Over the last six years the Annex 57 has addressed this issue, with researchers from 15 countries working together to develop a detailed understanding of the multiple calculation methods and the interpretation of their results. Based on an analysis of 80 case studies, Annex 57 showed various inconsistencies in current methodological approaches, which inhibit comparisons of results and difficult development of robust reduction strategies. Reinterpreting the studies through an understanding of the methodological differences enabled the cases to be used to demonstrate a number of important strategies for the reduction of embodied impacts. Annex 57 has also produced clear recommendations for uniform definitions and templates which improve the description of system boundaries, completeness of inventory and quality of data, and consequently the transparency of embodied impact assessments.
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embodied greenhouse gas emissions from refurbishment of residential building stock to achieve a 50 Operational Energy reduction
Building and Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Nils Brown, Stefan Olsson, Tove MalmqvistAbstract:Mitigating climate change through Operational Energy reduction in existing buildings is of highest priority for policy-makers in Europe and elsewhere. At the same time there is increasing understan ...
Kristel De Myttenaere - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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towards a comprehensive life cycle Energy analysis framework for residential buildings
Energy and Buildings, 2012Co-Authors: Andre Stephan, Robert H. Crawford, Kristel De MyttenaereAbstract:Current assessments of residential building Energy demand focus mainly on Operational Energy, notably in thermal terms. The embodied Energy of buildings and the transport Energy consumption of their users are typically overlooked. Recent studies have shown that these two Energy demands can represent more than half of the life cycle Energy over 50 years. This article presents a framework which takes into account Energy requirements at the building scale, i.e. the embodied and Operational Energy of the building and its refurbishment, and at the city scale, i.e. the embodied Energy of nearby infrastructures and the transport Energy (direct and indirect) of its users. This framework has been implemented through the development of a software tool which allows the rapid analysis of the life cycle Energy demand of buildings at different scales. Results from two case studies, located in Brussels, Belgium and Melbourne, Australia, confirm that each of the embodied, Operational and transport requirements are nearly equally important. By integrating these three Energy flows, the developed framework and software provide building designers, planners and decision makers with a powerful tool to effectively reduce the overall Energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions of residential buildings. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
