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Jost B. Jonas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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unilateral peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation and Optic Disk rotation
2015Co-Authors: Yi Dai, Jost B. Jonas, Zhihong Ling, Xiaoying Wang, Xinghuai SunAbstract:PURPOSE: To examine the morphology of the Optic nerve head in patients with unilateral peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitations (PICCs). METHODS: The hospital-based observational study included patients with unilateral PICCs. Tomographic images of the parapapillary fundus were taken by enhanced depth imaging mode of Optical coherent tomography. The ocular biometric parameters were compared between the affected eyes and the contralateral unaffected eyes. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 30 patients with a mean age of 42.7 ± 13.8 years (range: 22-72 years), mean axial length of 26.7 ± 2.4 mm (range: 22.00-32.30 mm), and mean refractive error of -8.71 ± 5.21 diopters (range: -20.50 to +0.50 diopters). In the eyes affected by PICC as compared with the contralateral eyes, the vertical (P = 0.001) and the minimal Optic Disk diameters (P = 0.01) were significantly shorter, the ratio of minimal to maximal Disk diameter was significantly lower (P = 0.03), and the angle of Disk rotation was significantly higher (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In patients with unilateral PICCS, the eyes with PICCs had Optic Disks that were more spindlelike configured because of a Disk rotation around the vertical axis and around the sagittal axis as compared with the contralateral eyes.
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frequency of Optic Disk hemorrhages in adult chinese in rural and urban china the beijing eye study
2006Co-Authors: Yun Wang, Yaxing Wang, Hua Yang, Jost B. JonasAbstract:Purpose To determine the frequency of Optic Disk hemorrhages in the adult Chinese population. Design Population-based prevalence survey. Methods The study included 4439 subjects out of 5324 subjects invited to participate (response rate 83.4%) with an age of 40+ years. Mean age was 56.2 ± 10.6 years. Color Optic Disk photographs (45 degrees) were morphometrically examined. Results Optic Disk photographs were available for 8655 eyes of 4378/4439 (98.6%) subjects. Prevalence of Disk hemorrhages was 107/8655 (1.24%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00%, 1.47%) eyes. Occurrence of Disk hemorrhages was significantly associated with glaucomatous Optic nerve damage ( P P = .008; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.05). The occurrence of Disk hemorrhages was not significantly associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) ( P = .63; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.06), refractive error ( P = .06; 5% CI: 0.87, 2.18), and visual field score ( P = .81; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.03). Defining glaucoma as glaucomatous Optic Disk appearance, 20/107 (18.7%; 95% CI: 11.2%, 26.2%) Disk hemorrhages were found in glaucomatous eyes. Out of 226 glaucomatous eyes, 20/226 (8.8%; 95%CI: 5.12%, 12.58%) eyes showed a Disk hemorrhage. Hypertensive glaucoma eyes and normotensive glaucoma eyes did not vary considerably in frequency of Disk hemorrhages ( P = .44; OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 0.59, 5.68). Conclusions Disk hemorrhages occur in a frequency of approximately 1.2% in adult Chinese. Major associated factors are glaucomatous Optic neuropathy and age. Presence of a Disk hemorrhage suggested glaucomatous Optic nerve damage with a positive predictive value of approximately 20%. About 9% of glaucomatous eyes showed a Disk hemorrhage at the time of examination.
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Optic Disk size correlated with refractive error
2005Co-Authors: Jost B. JonasAbstract:Purpose To evaluate for which range of refractive error the Optic Disk size depends on, or is independent of, the refractive error. Design Clinical observational study. Methods The study included 1999 eyes of 1011 subjects with a mean refractive error of −0.97 ± 2.72 diopters (range, −24.25 to +9.4 diopters). Optic Disk photographs were morphometrically evaluated. Results The relation between Optic Disk area and refractive error showed a curvilinear shape, with a steep increase toward high myopia starting at −8 diopters, and a decrease toward high hyperopia starting at +4 diopters. Conclusion The Optic Disk size depends on the refractive error with an increase in highly myopic eyes beyond −8 diopters and a decrease in highly hyperopic eyes beyond +4 diopters. Confirming histomorphometric studies, the limits of −8 diopters and +4 diopters may be discussed to refine the definitions of high hyperopia and high myopia.
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interobserver variability of Optic Disk variables measured by confocal scanning laser tomography
2001Co-Authors: Robert N. Weinreb, Jost B. Jonas, Michele Iester, Frederick S Mikelberg, Paul Courtright, Reinhard O W Burk, Joseph Caprioli, Linda M. ZangwillAbstract:Abstract PURPOSE: To assess the interobserver variation of confocal laser scanning tomographic measurements of the Optic nerve head and to address the question of whether the addition of clinical Optic Disk photographs is helpful in outlining the Optic Disk margin and in reducing the observer-related variation of the measurements. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Optic Disk variables for 16 eyes of 16 patients with glaucoma, generated by confocal laser scanning laser tomography (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph), were independently evaluated by four experienced glaucoma specialists, and the interobserver variability was calculated. A second separate review by the same observers included the use of clinical stereoscopic color Optic nerve head photographs to aid definition of the Optic Disk margin. RESULTS: Optic Disk parameters with the smallest interobserver variation were cup shape measure, maximum cup depth, height variation contour, and mean height contour. The intraobserver variation of these parameters did not increase when clinical Optic Disk slides were additionally available. Parameters with the highest interobserver variation were volume below surface, volume below reference, volume above surface, and volume above reference. The observer variation of these Optic Disk parameters increased significantly for two of the four examiners when clinical Optic Disk slides were additionally available for outlining the Optic Disk margin. CONCLUSION: Confocal laser scanning tomography of the Optic nerve head can be improved significantly if clinical Optic Disk photographs are additionally available to help in outlining the Optic Disk margin. Because interobserver variation in the tomographic Optic Disk measurements can be significant, even if experienced observer are involved, tomographic Optic Disk measurements may be centralized in reading centers in the case of multicenter studies.
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Optic Disk and retinal nerve fiber layer damage after transient central retinal artery occlusion an experimental study in rhesus monkeys
2000Co-Authors: Sohan Singh Hayreh, Jost B. JonasAbstract:Abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate the retinal tolerance time to acute ischemic insult in middle-aged or elderly rhesus monkeys with pre-existing atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. METHODS: In 39 eyes of 39 middle-aged and elderly rhesus monkeys with a mean age of 19.5 ± 2.8 years, occlusion of the central retinal artery was produced by temporary clamping of the central retinal artery at its site of entry into the dural sheath of the Optic nerve for 97 to 300 minutes. Stereoscopic color fundus photography and fluorescein fundus angiography were performed before central retinal artery occlusion and serially thereafter. Retinal nerve fiber layer damage and Optic Disk changes were assessed by comparing morphometric evaluation of the color fundus photographs taken before central retinal artery occlusion and color fundus photographs taken at the end of the study. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between duration of central retinal artery occlusion and decreased visibility of retinal nerve fiber layer ( P = .018) and increasing Optic Disk pallor ( P = .014), and a trend between residual retinal circulation and decreased visibility of retinal nerve fiber layer ( P = .085) and Optic Disk pallor ( P = .162). However, there was a marked interindividual variation between the length of central retinal artery occlusion and degree of increased Optic Disk pallor and decreased visibility of the retinal nerve fiber layer, even among eyes with similar duration of central retinal artery occlusion. Complete or almost total Optic nerve atrophy and nerve fiber damage were present in all eyes in which the duration of central retinal artery occlusion was 240 minutes or more. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study, compared with our previous study in young healthy rhesus monkeys, indicate that in middle-aged or elderly atherosclerotic and arterial hypertensive rhesus monkeys, central retinal artery occlusion for less than 100 minutes produced no apparent morphometric evidence of Optic nerve damage; however, central retinal artery occlusion of 105 minutes but less than 240 minutes produced a variable degree of damage; central retinal artery occlusion for 240 minutes or more produced total or almost total Optic nerve atrophy and nerve fiber damage.
Robert N. Weinreb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optic Disk size and glaucoma
2007Co-Authors: Esther M Hoffmann, Linda M. Zangwill, Jonathan G Crowston, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Assessment of Optic Disk size is an important, but often overlooked, component of the diagnostic evaluation for glaucoma. Measured values of Optic Disk size vary with the measurement technique utilized. Available methods for Disk size measurement and their respective strengths and limitations will be discussed. Further, actual Disk size varies with race and possibly other demographic characteristics. Disk size is also associated with variation of specific anatomical structures of the Optic nerve head and the retinal nerve fiber layer. These Disk size-dependent variations may influence the susceptibility to glaucoma or the likelihood of glaucoma diagnosis. This manuscript reviews the published evidence relating to Disk size and glaucoma.
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use of progressive glaucomatous Optic Disk change as the reference standard for evaluation of diagnostic tests in glaucoma
2005Co-Authors: Felipe A Medeiros, Linda M. Zangwill, Pamela A. Sample, Christopher Bowd, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Purpose Progressive change in Optic Disk appearance has been suggested as the best available reference standard for glaucoma diagnosis. We evaluated the accuracy of scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) with variable corneal compensation to discriminate patients with documented progressive Optic Disk change from healthy subjects. Design Observational case-control study. Methods Glaucoma patients with documented evidence of progressive Optic Disk change as assessed by stereoscopic photographs were selected. Healthy control subjects had normal visual fields and normal clinical examination. All subjects underwent imaging with the GDx VCC scanning laser polarimeter. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivities at fixed specificities, and likelihood ratios were calculated. Results Sixty-five eyes were healthy control patients. Seventy-one eyes had progressive Optic Disk change, of which 41 (58%) had abnormal visual field tests closest to the imaging date (perimetric glaucomatous Optic neuropathy [GON]), and 30 (42%) eyes had normal visual fields (preperimetric GON). The GDx VCC parameter nerve fiber indicator performed best for discrimination between perimetric GON and normal eyes (AUC = 0.94; sensitivity = 93% for specificity ≥80%) as well as for the discrimination between preperimetric GON and normal eyes (AUC = 0.89; sensitivity = 83% for specificity ≥80%). Conclusion SLP differentiated patients with documented progressive Optic Disk change from normal subjects and detected abnormalities in patients with confirmed diagnosis of preperimetric GON, suggesting that it may be useful for early glaucoma diagnosis. We suggest that progressive Optic Disk change should be used in the evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of imaging instruments for glaucoma.
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probability of glaucoma determined from standard automated perimetry and from Optic Disk topography using relevance vector machine classifiers
2004Co-Authors: Michael H Goldbaum, Linda M. Zangwill, Pamela A. Sample, Christopher Bowd, Catherine Boden, Tewon Lee, Z Zhang, Jiucang Hao, Terrence J Sejnowski, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Purpose: To evaluate relevance vector machine (RVM) as a machine learning classifier for detecting glaucoma from standard automated perimetry (SAP) and from Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) Optic Disk topographic measurements. The advantages of RVM over support vector machines are optimized learning and the availability of the probability of a diagnosis. Methods: For evaluation of SAP using RVM, we compared normal eyes (n=189) to glaucoma eyes (n=156). Glaucoma was defined as the presence of glaucomatous Optic neurapthy based on evaluation of stereophotographs. The inputs for the RVMs were 52 visual field locations from SAP plus age. For evaluation of HRT Optic Disk topography using RVM, we compared normal eyes (n=135) to glaucoma eyes (n=95). Glaucoma was defined as repeatable SAP visual field damage. The inputs were 22 global, 84 regional, and 72 sectoral topographic Optic Disk parameters. Cross validation was used in all training to present to the trained RVMs cases not previously seen by the RVMs. Results: For SAP, the area (±SD) under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve using RVM was 0.916±0.016. The sensitivity was 76% at a fixed specificity of 90%. For HRT Optic Disk topography, the area (±SD) under the ROC curve using RVM was 0.939±0.016, and the sensitivity was 83% at a fixed specificity of 90%. For each of the test groups, the mean (±SD) probability of disease in the glaucoma group was significantly higher than the normal group, for SAP: 0.77±0.31 and 0.18±0.21, respectively, and for HRT topography: 0.80±0.31 and 0.13±0.20, respectively. Conclusions: RVMs performed at the level of the best previously reported machine learning classifiers, including support vector machines and mixture of Gaussian. Compared to these classifiers, RVM has the advantage of providing the probability of diagnosis, which can be used by the clinican in conjunction with risk factor and other diagnostic test information to determine the individual patient's likelihood of having glaucoma.
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structure and function evaluation safe ii comparison of Optic Disk and visual field characteristics
2003Co-Authors: Chris A Johnson, Linda M. Zangwill, Pamela A. Sample, Cristiana Vasile, George A Cioffi, Jeffrey R Liebmann, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Abstract Purpose To evaluate the relationship between glaucomatous structural damage to the Optic nerve and development of visual field loss with standard automated perimetry (SAP) and short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP). Design Cohort study. Methods Patients with elevated intraocular pressure and normal SAP visual fields were enrolled in this prospective study. Stereo Optic Disk photographs, SAP, and SWAP visual fields were obtained annually over a period of 4 or more years. Trained readers evaluated baseline and follow-up Optic Disk photographs for evidence of glaucomatous damage. Standard automated perimetry and SWAP examinations were evaluated according to previously validated criteria for development of confirmed visual field changes. Results Two-hundred ninety-five subjects (479 eyes) were enrolled. Following masked assessment of stereo photographs by an Optic Disk reading center, 272 of the 479 eyes were judged to have glaucomatous Optic neuropathy at the time of study entry. Depending on the criteria employed, approximately 10% to 17.5% of all eyes developed confirmed visual field loss for SAP (conversions). Of the conversions, 75% to 80% had baseline glaucomatous Optic Disk damage, whereas normal and glaucomatous Optic Disks were equally divided (50%) among the nonconversion eyes. This difference was statistically significant ( P P Conclusions A strong relationship exists between glaucomatous Optic Disk damage at study entry and the subsequent development of a confirmed glaucomatous SAP visual field defect. A higher percentage of glaucomatous Optic Disks were also found in patients with SWAP deficits at baseline and in those who later developed SWAP deficits. These findings support the premise that a glaucomatous Optic Disk is predictive of the subsequent development of glaucomatous visual field loss.
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interobserver variability of Optic Disk variables measured by confocal scanning laser tomography
2001Co-Authors: Robert N. Weinreb, Jost B. Jonas, Michele Iester, Frederick S Mikelberg, Paul Courtright, Reinhard O W Burk, Joseph Caprioli, Linda M. ZangwillAbstract:Abstract PURPOSE: To assess the interobserver variation of confocal laser scanning tomographic measurements of the Optic nerve head and to address the question of whether the addition of clinical Optic Disk photographs is helpful in outlining the Optic Disk margin and in reducing the observer-related variation of the measurements. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Optic Disk variables for 16 eyes of 16 patients with glaucoma, generated by confocal laser scanning laser tomography (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph), were independently evaluated by four experienced glaucoma specialists, and the interobserver variability was calculated. A second separate review by the same observers included the use of clinical stereoscopic color Optic nerve head photographs to aid definition of the Optic Disk margin. RESULTS: Optic Disk parameters with the smallest interobserver variation were cup shape measure, maximum cup depth, height variation contour, and mean height contour. The intraobserver variation of these parameters did not increase when clinical Optic Disk slides were additionally available. Parameters with the highest interobserver variation were volume below surface, volume below reference, volume above surface, and volume above reference. The observer variation of these Optic Disk parameters increased significantly for two of the four examiners when clinical Optic Disk slides were additionally available for outlining the Optic Disk margin. CONCLUSION: Confocal laser scanning tomography of the Optic nerve head can be improved significantly if clinical Optic Disk photographs are additionally available to help in outlining the Optic Disk margin. Because interobserver variation in the tomographic Optic Disk measurements can be significant, even if experienced observer are involved, tomographic Optic Disk measurements may be centralized in reading centers in the case of multicenter studies.
Linda M. Zangwill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optic Disk size and glaucoma
2007Co-Authors: Esther M Hoffmann, Linda M. Zangwill, Jonathan G Crowston, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Assessment of Optic Disk size is an important, but often overlooked, component of the diagnostic evaluation for glaucoma. Measured values of Optic Disk size vary with the measurement technique utilized. Available methods for Disk size measurement and their respective strengths and limitations will be discussed. Further, actual Disk size varies with race and possibly other demographic characteristics. Disk size is also associated with variation of specific anatomical structures of the Optic nerve head and the retinal nerve fiber layer. These Disk size-dependent variations may influence the susceptibility to glaucoma or the likelihood of glaucoma diagnosis. This manuscript reviews the published evidence relating to Disk size and glaucoma.
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use of progressive glaucomatous Optic Disk change as the reference standard for evaluation of diagnostic tests in glaucoma
2005Co-Authors: Felipe A Medeiros, Linda M. Zangwill, Pamela A. Sample, Christopher Bowd, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Purpose Progressive change in Optic Disk appearance has been suggested as the best available reference standard for glaucoma diagnosis. We evaluated the accuracy of scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) with variable corneal compensation to discriminate patients with documented progressive Optic Disk change from healthy subjects. Design Observational case-control study. Methods Glaucoma patients with documented evidence of progressive Optic Disk change as assessed by stereoscopic photographs were selected. Healthy control subjects had normal visual fields and normal clinical examination. All subjects underwent imaging with the GDx VCC scanning laser polarimeter. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivities at fixed specificities, and likelihood ratios were calculated. Results Sixty-five eyes were healthy control patients. Seventy-one eyes had progressive Optic Disk change, of which 41 (58%) had abnormal visual field tests closest to the imaging date (perimetric glaucomatous Optic neuropathy [GON]), and 30 (42%) eyes had normal visual fields (preperimetric GON). The GDx VCC parameter nerve fiber indicator performed best for discrimination between perimetric GON and normal eyes (AUC = 0.94; sensitivity = 93% for specificity ≥80%) as well as for the discrimination between preperimetric GON and normal eyes (AUC = 0.89; sensitivity = 83% for specificity ≥80%). Conclusion SLP differentiated patients with documented progressive Optic Disk change from normal subjects and detected abnormalities in patients with confirmed diagnosis of preperimetric GON, suggesting that it may be useful for early glaucoma diagnosis. We suggest that progressive Optic Disk change should be used in the evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of imaging instruments for glaucoma.
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probability of glaucoma determined from standard automated perimetry and from Optic Disk topography using relevance vector machine classifiers
2004Co-Authors: Michael H Goldbaum, Linda M. Zangwill, Pamela A. Sample, Christopher Bowd, Catherine Boden, Tewon Lee, Z Zhang, Jiucang Hao, Terrence J Sejnowski, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Purpose: To evaluate relevance vector machine (RVM) as a machine learning classifier for detecting glaucoma from standard automated perimetry (SAP) and from Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) Optic Disk topographic measurements. The advantages of RVM over support vector machines are optimized learning and the availability of the probability of a diagnosis. Methods: For evaluation of SAP using RVM, we compared normal eyes (n=189) to glaucoma eyes (n=156). Glaucoma was defined as the presence of glaucomatous Optic neurapthy based on evaluation of stereophotographs. The inputs for the RVMs were 52 visual field locations from SAP plus age. For evaluation of HRT Optic Disk topography using RVM, we compared normal eyes (n=135) to glaucoma eyes (n=95). Glaucoma was defined as repeatable SAP visual field damage. The inputs were 22 global, 84 regional, and 72 sectoral topographic Optic Disk parameters. Cross validation was used in all training to present to the trained RVMs cases not previously seen by the RVMs. Results: For SAP, the area (±SD) under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve using RVM was 0.916±0.016. The sensitivity was 76% at a fixed specificity of 90%. For HRT Optic Disk topography, the area (±SD) under the ROC curve using RVM was 0.939±0.016, and the sensitivity was 83% at a fixed specificity of 90%. For each of the test groups, the mean (±SD) probability of disease in the glaucoma group was significantly higher than the normal group, for SAP: 0.77±0.31 and 0.18±0.21, respectively, and for HRT topography: 0.80±0.31 and 0.13±0.20, respectively. Conclusions: RVMs performed at the level of the best previously reported machine learning classifiers, including support vector machines and mixture of Gaussian. Compared to these classifiers, RVM has the advantage of providing the probability of diagnosis, which can be used by the clinican in conjunction with risk factor and other diagnostic test information to determine the individual patient's likelihood of having glaucoma.
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structure and function evaluation safe ii comparison of Optic Disk and visual field characteristics
2003Co-Authors: Chris A Johnson, Linda M. Zangwill, Pamela A. Sample, Cristiana Vasile, George A Cioffi, Jeffrey R Liebmann, Robert N. WeinrebAbstract:Abstract Purpose To evaluate the relationship between glaucomatous structural damage to the Optic nerve and development of visual field loss with standard automated perimetry (SAP) and short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP). Design Cohort study. Methods Patients with elevated intraocular pressure and normal SAP visual fields were enrolled in this prospective study. Stereo Optic Disk photographs, SAP, and SWAP visual fields were obtained annually over a period of 4 or more years. Trained readers evaluated baseline and follow-up Optic Disk photographs for evidence of glaucomatous damage. Standard automated perimetry and SWAP examinations were evaluated according to previously validated criteria for development of confirmed visual field changes. Results Two-hundred ninety-five subjects (479 eyes) were enrolled. Following masked assessment of stereo photographs by an Optic Disk reading center, 272 of the 479 eyes were judged to have glaucomatous Optic neuropathy at the time of study entry. Depending on the criteria employed, approximately 10% to 17.5% of all eyes developed confirmed visual field loss for SAP (conversions). Of the conversions, 75% to 80% had baseline glaucomatous Optic Disk damage, whereas normal and glaucomatous Optic Disks were equally divided (50%) among the nonconversion eyes. This difference was statistically significant ( P P Conclusions A strong relationship exists between glaucomatous Optic Disk damage at study entry and the subsequent development of a confirmed glaucomatous SAP visual field defect. A higher percentage of glaucomatous Optic Disks were also found in patients with SWAP deficits at baseline and in those who later developed SWAP deficits. These findings support the premise that a glaucomatous Optic Disk is predictive of the subsequent development of glaucomatous visual field loss.
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interobserver variability of Optic Disk variables measured by confocal scanning laser tomography
2001Co-Authors: Robert N. Weinreb, Jost B. Jonas, Michele Iester, Frederick S Mikelberg, Paul Courtright, Reinhard O W Burk, Joseph Caprioli, Linda M. ZangwillAbstract:Abstract PURPOSE: To assess the interobserver variation of confocal laser scanning tomographic measurements of the Optic nerve head and to address the question of whether the addition of clinical Optic Disk photographs is helpful in outlining the Optic Disk margin and in reducing the observer-related variation of the measurements. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Optic Disk variables for 16 eyes of 16 patients with glaucoma, generated by confocal laser scanning laser tomography (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph), were independently evaluated by four experienced glaucoma specialists, and the interobserver variability was calculated. A second separate review by the same observers included the use of clinical stereoscopic color Optic nerve head photographs to aid definition of the Optic Disk margin. RESULTS: Optic Disk parameters with the smallest interobserver variation were cup shape measure, maximum cup depth, height variation contour, and mean height contour. The intraobserver variation of these parameters did not increase when clinical Optic Disk slides were additionally available. Parameters with the highest interobserver variation were volume below surface, volume below reference, volume above surface, and volume above reference. The observer variation of these Optic Disk parameters increased significantly for two of the four examiners when clinical Optic Disk slides were additionally available for outlining the Optic Disk margin. CONCLUSION: Confocal laser scanning tomography of the Optic nerve head can be improved significantly if clinical Optic Disk photographs are additionally available to help in outlining the Optic Disk margin. Because interobserver variation in the tomographic Optic Disk measurements can be significant, even if experienced observer are involved, tomographic Optic Disk measurements may be centralized in reading centers in the case of multicenter studies.
Hidetoshi Kawashima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optic Disk pallor and retinal atrophy in sotos syndrome cerebral gigantism
2000Co-Authors: Kenji Inoue, Jiro Numaga, Masahiko Sakurai, Chika Ohara, Minami Ouchi, Tsutomu Iwata, Satoshi Kato, Hidetoshi KawashimaAbstract:PURPOSE: To report a case of Sotos syndrome (cerebral gigantism) with megalophthalmos, Optic Disk pallor, and retinal atrophy. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 22-year-old man was diagnosed with Sotos syndrome with Optic atrophy. His corneal diameters were 13 mm horizontally, and his Optic Disks were pale. His retinal vessels were attenuate in diameter, and small white spots were found on the retina. The results of a Goldmann visual field test were normal. His visually evoked potential to flash stimuli showed extended latent times and normal amplitudes. Keratometry was 40.5 diopters (8.33 mm) in both eyes. The axial length was 25.9 mm in the right eye and 25.4 mm in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Sotos syndrome may be associated with Optic Disk pallor and retinal atrophy.
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Optic Disk pallor and retinal atrophy in sotos syndrome cerebral gigantism
2000Co-Authors: Kenji Inoue, Jiro Numaga, Masahiko Sakurai, Chika Ohara, Minami Ouchi, Tsutomu Iwata, Satoshi Kato, Hidetoshi KawashimaAbstract:PURPOSE: To report a case of Sotos syndrome (cerebral gigantism) with megalophthalmos, Optic Disk pallor, and retinal atrophy. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 22-year-old man was diagnosed with Sotos syndrome with Optic atrophy. His corneal diameters were 13 mm horizontally, and his Optic Disks were pale. His retinal vessels were attenuate in diameter, and small white spots were found on the retina. The results of a Goldmann visual field test were normal. His visually evoked potential to flash stimuli showed extended latent times and normal amplitudes. Keratometry was 40.5 diopters (8.33 mm) in both eyes. The axial length was 25.9 mm in the right eye and 25.4 mm in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Sotos syndrome may be associated with Optic Disk pallor and retinal atrophy.
Ronald Klein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relationship of Optic Disk cupping to retinal vein occlusion the beaver dam eye study
2006Co-Authors: Barbara E K Klein, Michael D Knudtson, Stacy M Meuer, Ronald KleinAbstract:Purpose To examine the association between Optic Disk cupping and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Design Prospective epidemiologic study. Methods setting: Population-based prospective study in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. study population: Adults aged 43 to 86 years at baseline (n = 4926). observation procedures: Optic Disk cupping and RVO were determined from retinal photographs. A standardized medical examination and questionnaire were administered. main outcome measure: Ten-year cumulative incidence of RVO. Results There were 58 persons who developed incident RVO at 5 (n = 31) or 10 (n = 27) years after the baseline examination. Those sustaining RVO were older, had higher intraocular pressure (IOP), and were more likely to have definite or probable glaucoma at the baseline examination. The odds of having an incident RVO increased with increasing cup-to-Disk ratio at baseline (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29/0.1 increase in cup-to-Disk ratio, 95% confidence interval 1.07, 1.56), while controlling for age, systolic blood pressure, current smoking, diabetes status, and IOP. A similar OR was found after excluding those with glaucoma. Excluding persons with central (as opposed to branch) vein occlusion did not have a significant effect on the OR. Conclusion Cup-to-Disk ratio is a significant predictor of risk of incident RVO.
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age related macular degeneration and Optic Disk cupping the beaver dam eye study
2006Co-Authors: Ellen R Hall, Barbara E K Klein, Michael D Knudtson, Stacy M Meuer, Ronald KleinAbstract:Purpose To examine the association between presence, severity, and extent of lesions of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Optic Disk and cup diameters in a general population. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods setting: Population-based. study population: Adults aged 43 to 86 years participating in the Beaver Dam Eye Study. observation procedures: Fundus photographs were graded for lesions of AMD using standard protocols. The photographs were obtained during the baseline examination of the Beaver Dam Eye Study. main outcome measure: Optic Disk cupping as related to presence, severity, and extent of lesions of AMD. Results There were no significant differences in the vertical Optic Disk and cup measurements or in the vertical cup to Disk ratios by severity of lesions of AMD ( P values all greater than .10). In those eyes with late lesions of AMD, there was no association of the size of the lesions or their distribution in the fundus and the extent of cupping. Conclusions From a population perspective, there is no relationship of the presence or severity of AMD and Optic Disk cupping.