The Experts below are selected from a list of 189 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ana M Camean - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro toxicological assessment of an Organosulfur Compound from allium extract cytotoxicity mutagenicity and genotoxicity studies
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2017Co-Authors: Pilar Melladogarcia, Maria Puerto, Silvia Pichardo, Sara Maisanaba, Ana I Prieto, Ricard Marcos, Ana M CameanAbstract:Abstract Garlic ( Allium sativum) and onion ( Allium cepa) are being used in the food industry as flavoring but also for their antimicrobial activities. These activities are mainly derived from the Organosulfur Compounds (OSCs). Propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) is an OSC with potential use in the active packaging, but its safety should be guaranteed before being commercialized. The aim of this work was to investigate for the first time the cytotoxicity of PTS as well as its in vitro mutagenic/genotoxic potential using the following battery of genotoxicity tests:(1)the bacterial reverse-mutation assay in S. typhimurium (Ames test, OECD 471, 1997); (2) the micronucleus test (MN, OECD 487, 2016); (3) the mouse lymphoma thymidine-kinase assay (MLA, OECD 476, 2015), and (4) the comet assay (standard and modified with restriction enzymes). The results revealed that PTS was not mutagenic neither in the Ames test nor in MLA. However, genotoxic effects were recorded in the MN test on mammalian cells (L5178YTk +/− cells) after PTS exposure at the highest concentration tested (17.25 μM) without S9, and also its metabolites (+S9, from 20 μM). Moreover, in the comet assay, PTS induced DNA breaks damage in Caco-2 cells at the highest concentration tested (280 μM) but it did not induce oxidative DNA damage.
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genotoxicity assessment of propyl thiosulfinate oxide an Organosulfur Compound from allium extract intended to food active packaging
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2015Co-Authors: Pilar Melladogarcia, Maria Llanaruizcabello, Maria Puerto, Silvia Pichardo, Sara Maisanaba, Ana I Prieto, Ricard Marcos, Ana M CameanAbstract:Abstract Essential oils from onion ( Allium cepa L.), garlic ( Allium sativum L.), and their main components, such as propyl thiosulfinate oxide (PTSO) are being intended for active packaging with the purpose of maintaining and extending food product quality and shelf life. The present work aims to assess for the first time the potential mutagenicity/genotoxicity of PTSO (0–50 µM) using the following battery of genotoxicity tests: (1) the bacterial reverse-mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test, OECD 471); (2) the micronucleus test (OECD 487) (MN) and (3) the mouse lymphoma thymidine-kinase assay (OECD 476) (MLA) on L5178Y Tk +/− , cells; and (4) the comet assay (with and without Endo III and FPG enzymes) on Caco-2 cells. The results revealed that PTSO was not mutagenic in the Ames test, however it was mutagenic in the MLA assay after 24 h of treatment (2.5–20 µM). The parent Compound did not induce MN on mammalian cells; however, its metabolites (in the presence S9) produced positive results (from 15 µM). Data from the comet assay indicated that PTSO did not induce DNA breaks or oxidative DNA damage. Further in vivo genotoxicity tests are needed to confirm its safety before it is used as active additive in food packaging.
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acute toxicological studies of the main Organosulfur Compound derived from allium sp intended to be used in active food packaging
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2015Co-Authors: Maria Llanaruizcabello, Daniel Gutierrezpraena, Maria Puerto, Silvia Pichardo, Javier F Moreno, Alberto Banos, C Nunez, Enrique Guillamon, Ana M CameanAbstract:Abstract Some plant extracts have been proposed as potential alternative to the use of synthetic preservatives in the food industry. Among those, extracts from Allium species exhibit interesting antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for the food packaging industry. The present work aims to assess the usefulness and potential safety of the major Organosulfur Compound present in a commercial Allium sp. extract (PROALLIUM AP®), namely propyl thiosulfinate oxide (PTSO). For this purpose, its antimicrobial activity was studied in a wide range of microorganisms. Moreover, cytotoxicity and ultrastructural cellular damages caused by PTSO were studied in two human cell lines, Caco-2 and HepG2, being the colonic cells more sensitive to this Compound. Finally, the protective role of PTSO against an induced oxidative situation was evaluated in the human intestinal Caco-2 cells. The results revealed damage at high concentration, although no significant adverse effects were recorded for the concentration to be used in food packaging. Moreover, the in vivo study also revealed the potential safety use at the established concentrations. In addition, the antimicrobial properties and the antioxidant role of PTSO were confirmed. Therefore, this Compound could be considered as a good natural alternative to synthetic preservatives used in the food packaging industry.
Kazuhiko Yamada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sulfur 33 nqr investigation of the electric field gradient tensor in an Organosulfur Compound
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, 2019Co-Authors: Kazuhiko Yamada, Daisuke Aoki, Kazuko Nakazono, Toshikazu TakataAbstract:³³S nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) frequencies of ³³S-enriched S-4-phenyl 4-toluenethiosulfonate were observed in the range of 22.96–23.31 MHz at temperatures between 110 and 300 K. A single sharp signal was observed at all the temperatures. The two-dimensional (2D) nutation echo method was applied at 150 K, providing the ³³S electric field gradient (EFG) tensor information, the quadrupolar coupling constant, CQ, of 42.3 MHz and the asymmetry parameter, ηQ, of 0.80(9). Quantum chemical calculations were performed to obtain the ³³S EFG tensor orientations with respect to the molecular frame.
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relationship between strength in magnetic field and spectral width of solid state 33s nmr in an Organosulfur Compound
Chemistry Letters, 2019Co-Authors: Kazuhiko Yamada, Shinobu Ohki, Kenzo Deguchi, Kenjiro Hashi, Atsushi Goto, Tadashi ShimizuAbstract:Correlation between strength in an external magnetic field and spectral width of solid-state sulfur-33 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra in an Organosulfur Compound, whose quadrupolar coupli...
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frequency swept solid state 33s nmr of an Organosulfur Compound in an extremely low magnetic field
Chemical Physics Letters, 2015Co-Authors: Kazuhiko Yamada, Daisuke Aoki, Kentaro Kitagawa, Toshikazu TakataAbstract:Abstract Frequency-swept solid-state 33 S nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of a 33 S-enriched Organosulfur Compound, [ 33 S]-diphenyl disulfide, are presented. The NMR spectra were acquired at extremely low magnetic fields, 0.06 and 0.10 T, which correspond to Larmor frequencies of 0.1959 and 0.3265 MHz, respectively. The quadrupole coupling constant, C Q , and the asymmetry parameter, η Q , for [ 33 S]-diphenyl disulfide were found to be C Q = 43.3 ± 1.9 MHz and η Q = 0.70 ± 0.20, respectively. T 1 measurements of [ 33 S]-diphenyl disulfide were performed between 60 and 300 K using nuclear quadrupole resonance signals, and a compromise observation temperature was found to be 300 K. Quantum chemical calculations were performed and the results demonstrated that the quadrupole frequencies and C Q values were highly sensitive to the changes in dihedral angles of disulfide bonds.
Toshikazu Takata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sulfur 33 nqr investigation of the electric field gradient tensor in an Organosulfur Compound
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, 2019Co-Authors: Kazuhiko Yamada, Daisuke Aoki, Kazuko Nakazono, Toshikazu TakataAbstract:³³S nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) frequencies of ³³S-enriched S-4-phenyl 4-toluenethiosulfonate were observed in the range of 22.96–23.31 MHz at temperatures between 110 and 300 K. A single sharp signal was observed at all the temperatures. The two-dimensional (2D) nutation echo method was applied at 150 K, providing the ³³S electric field gradient (EFG) tensor information, the quadrupolar coupling constant, CQ, of 42.3 MHz and the asymmetry parameter, ηQ, of 0.80(9). Quantum chemical calculations were performed to obtain the ³³S EFG tensor orientations with respect to the molecular frame.
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frequency swept solid state 33s nmr of an Organosulfur Compound in an extremely low magnetic field
Chemical Physics Letters, 2015Co-Authors: Kazuhiko Yamada, Daisuke Aoki, Kentaro Kitagawa, Toshikazu TakataAbstract:Abstract Frequency-swept solid-state 33 S nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of a 33 S-enriched Organosulfur Compound, [ 33 S]-diphenyl disulfide, are presented. The NMR spectra were acquired at extremely low magnetic fields, 0.06 and 0.10 T, which correspond to Larmor frequencies of 0.1959 and 0.3265 MHz, respectively. The quadrupole coupling constant, C Q , and the asymmetry parameter, η Q , for [ 33 S]-diphenyl disulfide were found to be C Q = 43.3 ± 1.9 MHz and η Q = 0.70 ± 0.20, respectively. T 1 measurements of [ 33 S]-diphenyl disulfide were performed between 60 and 300 K using nuclear quadrupole resonance signals, and a compromise observation temperature was found to be 300 K. Quantum chemical calculations were performed and the results demonstrated that the quadrupole frequencies and C Q values were highly sensitive to the changes in dihedral angles of disulfide bonds.
Alex Riolexus Ario - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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acute metam sodium poisoning caused by occupational exposure at a flower farm uganda october 2016
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2018Co-Authors: Susan Nakubulwa, Joy Kusiima, Daniel Kadobera, Joan N Mutyoba, Alex Riolexus ArioAbstract:: On October 25, 2016, media reports alerted the Uganda Ministry of Health to an outbreak of >80 cases of vomiting, syncope, and acute diarrhea among workers at a flower farm in central Uganda; 27 workers were hospitalized. On November 1, an investigation was undertaken by the Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program.* A case-control study found that working inside greenhouse 7, which had been fumigated with the Organosulfur Compound metam sodium the night of October 13, was strongly associated with illness. Employees who worked in this greenhouse during October 14-21 reported a strong "suffocating" smell in the greenhouse. Investigation revealed that, in violation of safety protocols, workers did not properly cover the soil after fumigation, allowing vapors to become trapped inside the greenhouse. The farm management, unaware of the lapse, failed to inform workers to avoid the vicinity of the fumigation. Respiratory protective measures were not routinely available for workers, which likely contributed to the severity and extent of the outbreak. Although metam sodium is generally considered to be of low risk when used according to manufacturer's instructions (1), occupational exposure in the absence of recommended safety measures can have serious health consequences. The investigation highlighted the importance of identifying potential occupational hazards to workers, as well as establishing safety protocols in occupational settings, training workers at risk, such as pesticide sprayers and flower pickers,† and ensuring enforcement of safety protocols. After this outbreak, the farm management reviewed, revised, and trained the workers on safety protocols to prevent future outbreaks.
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Acute Metam Sodium Poisoning Caused by Occupational Exposure at a Flower Farm — Uganda, October 2016
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2018Co-Authors: Susan Nakubulwa, Joy Kusiima, Daniel Kadobera, Joan N Mutyoba, Alex Riolexus ArioAbstract:: On October 25, 2016, media reports alerted the Uganda Ministry of Health to an outbreak of >80 cases of vomiting, syncope, and acute diarrhea among workers at a flower farm in central Uganda; 27 workers were hospitalized. On November 1, an investigation was undertaken by the Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program.* A case-control study found that working inside greenhouse 7, which had been fumigated with the Organosulfur Compound metam sodium the night of October 13, was strongly associated with illness. Employees who worked in this greenhouse during October 14-21 reported a strong "suffocating" smell in the greenhouse. Investigation revealed that, in violation of safety protocols, workers did not properly cover the soil after fumigation, allowing vapors to become trapped inside the greenhouse. The farm management, unaware of the lapse, failed to inform workers to avoid the vicinity of the fumigation. Respiratory protective measures were not routinely available for workers, which likely contributed to the severity and extent of the outbreak. Although metam sodium is generally considered to be of low risk when used according to manufacturer's instructions (1), occupational exposure in the absence of recommended safety measures can have serious health consequences. The investigation highlighted the importance of identifying potential occupational hazards to workers, as well as establishing safety protocols in occupational settings, training workers at risk, such as pesticide sprayers and flower pickers,† and ensuring enforcement of safety protocols. After this outbreak, the farm management reviewed, revised, and trained the workers on safety protocols to prevent future outbreaks.
Yin Lu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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targeting thioredoxin system with an Organosulfur Compound diallyl trisulfide dats attenuates progression and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer tnbc
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Yang Zhao, Xiaobo Sheng, Siliang Wang, Jiao Chen, Junshan Ruan, Yunlong Shan, Aiyun Wang, Wenxing Chen, Yin LuAbstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS: Metastasis is the leading cause resulting in high mortality in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Cancer cells are skilled at utilizing thioredoxin (Trx) system as an efficient antioxidant system to counteract oxidative damage, facilitating the occurrence of metastasis. Here, we identified an Organosulfur Compound named DATS isolated from garlic, that inhibits the expression of Trx-1 and the enzyme activity of Trx reductase in breast cancer cells. METHODS: Tissue microarray of breast cancer patients and immunohistochemical method were used to analyze the role of Trx-1 in breast cancer metastasis. Spotaneous metastasis model and experimental metastasis model combined with HE staining, immunohistochemistry were used to verify in vivo anti-metastatic effect of DATS as well as its regulation on thioredoxin. Western blot, immunofluorescence, redox state assessment and detection of enzyme activity were employed to determine the effect of DATS on thioredoxin system. Trx-1 siRNA interference was used to investigate the conclusive evidence that Trx-1 was the target of DATS. RESULTS: In agreement with reduced Trx-1 nuclear translocation from cytoplasm by DATS, the production of reduced form of Trx-1 was dramatically decreased. Furthermore, in vivo, DATS administration was observed to significantly suppress spontaneous and experimental metastasis in nude mice. Delivery of DATS also resulted in decreased expression of Trx-1 as the direct target, as well as expression of NF-κB and MMP2/9 in primary tumor and lung tissue. Notably, the effects of DATS on the expression of downstream metastasis-associated genes were mediated by Trx-1, as demonstrated by the combination use of DATS and Trx-1 siRNA. CONCLUSION: Collectively, this present study indicates that targeting Trx system with DATS may provide a promising strategy for treating metastasis of TNBC.
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p4 diallyl trisulfides a garlic derived Organosulfur Compound attenuates vascular metastasis of hypoxic breast cancer cells by targeting the thioredoxin system
Biochemical Pharmacology, 2017Co-Authors: Yin LuAbstract:Metastasis is the leading cause of high mortality in breast cancer patients. As is shown by numerous clinical studies and research data, intra-tumor hypoxia is closely related to the fatality rate of breast cancer patients, which may suggest that HIF-1α expression plays a contributory role in breast cancer metastasis. DATS was screened out from the garlic fat-soluble components on the basis of HIF-1α transcriptional activity. DATS not only demonstrated that it could effectively inhibit HIF-1α transcriptional activity, but that it also affected the mRNA levels of its direct target genes LOX, ANGPTL4 and LOXL-4 to varying degrees. DATS attenuated the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 cells in hypoxia-induced embryonic zebrafish assays, xenograft and orthotopic tumor assays. Those results also showed that DATS could dose-dependently inhibit the migration and angiogenesis of MDA-MB-231 cells using EC-cancer cell adhesion, wound-healing, transwell and tube formation in vitro experiments. Inhibition of L1CAM, EMT-related proteins (Slug, Snail, MMP-2) and VEGF-A protein expression was also induced by DATS. DATS modulates HIF-1α not only at the protein level but also via direct inhibition of its activity through its effects on upstream Trx-1 protein level. DATS also inhibits the enzyme activity of Trx reductase in breast cancer cells. In keeping with reduced Trx-1 nuclear translocation from cytoplasm by DATS, the production of the reduced form of Trx-1 was dramatically decreased. Collectively, this present study indicates that targeting the Trx system with DATS may provide a promising strategy for treating metastasis in breast cancer.