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Robert J. Barry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Reinstating the Novelty P3
    Scientific Reports, 2016
    Co-Authors: Robert J. Barry, Genevieve Z. Steiner, Frances M. De Blasio
    Abstract:

    P300 (or P3) is a major positive complex in the human event-related potential, occurring some 300 ms after stimulus onset and long thought to be the cortical correlate of the Orienting Reflex, our automatic attention-grabbing response to a novel stimulus. The Novelty P3 was the third P3 subcomponent discovered (after P3a and P3b) and appeared promising in its sensitivity to stimulus novelty, the defining characteristic of the Orienting Reflex. But some 15 years later it was claimed to be indistinguishable from the previously-discovered P3a. This led to a decline in interest in the field and confused nomenclature, with some studies using “P3a” and “Novelty P3” interchangeably. However, recent similar studies have again reported three subcomponents of the P3. Further, using single-stimulus habituation paradigms, in addition to P3a and P3b, a later decrementing P3 subcomponent has been reported and recently labelled “HabP3” to avoid contention. We report three studies to resolve this chaotic situation, arguing for identification of the late subcomponent following the P3a and P3b as the Novelty P3. Reinstatement of the Novelty P3 as the central index of the Orienting Reflex will have widespread impact in a range of theoretical, practical and clinical areas involving novelty processing and attention.

  • Time-frequency PCA of event-related EEG changes in the Orienting Reflex
    International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Frances M. De Blasio, Robert J. Barry, Edward M. Bernat, Genevieve Z. Steiner
    Abstract:

    Abstract presented at the 17th World Congress of Psychophysiology (IOP2014) of the International Organization of Psychophysiology (IOP) Hiroshima, Japan, September 23rd to 27th, 2014

  • Linking components of event-related potentials and autonomic measures of the Orienting Reflex
    International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Robert J. Barry, Frances M. De Blasio, Brett Macdonald, Genevieve Z. Steiner
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study examined autonomic measures and event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with elicitation and habituation of the basic Orienting Reflex (OR). Subjects received 16 innocuous tones with intensity alternating between 60 and 80 dB, at long inter-stimulus intervals. There was no stimulus-related task, so we could examine the effects of stimulus novelty and intensity in the absence of task demands. Cardiac, respiratory, peripheral vasoconstriction, and electrodermal measures were recorded, as well as continuous EEG. Single-trial ERPs were obtained, and components extracted by Principal Components Analysis were examined for potential response fractionation in the central indices of stimulus processing. The predicted fractionation of autonomic measures was obtained: cardiac deceleration showed no systematic change with intensity or trials, respiratory pause showed a substantial main effect of trials but no intensity effects, peripheral vasoconstriction showed intensity but no trials effects, and electrodermal responses showed substantial main effects of trials and intensity. A range of intensity and novelty effects were obtained in components identified as the N1, P3a, P3b, Novelty P3, and the classic Slow Wave. The different stimulus–response profiles of the ERP components are discussed in relation to the autonomic response profiles within the context of a sequential processing theory of OR elicitation.

  • respiratory component of the Orienting Reflex a novel sensitive index of sensory induced arousal in rats
    Frontiers in Physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

  • Respiratory Component of the Orienting Reflex: A Novel Sensitive Index of Sensory-Induced Arousal in Rats
    Frontiers in physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

Eugene Nalivaiko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • respiratory component of the Orienting Reflex a novel sensitive index of sensory induced arousal in rats
    Frontiers in Physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

  • Respiratory Component of the Orienting Reflex: A Novel Sensitive Index of Sensory-Induced Arousal in Rats
    Frontiers in physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

  • University Of Newcastle
    2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    Respiratory component of the Orienting Reflex: A novel sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal in rat

Genevieve Z. Steiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Reinstating the Novelty P3
    Scientific Reports, 2016
    Co-Authors: Robert J. Barry, Genevieve Z. Steiner, Frances M. De Blasio
    Abstract:

    P300 (or P3) is a major positive complex in the human event-related potential, occurring some 300 ms after stimulus onset and long thought to be the cortical correlate of the Orienting Reflex, our automatic attention-grabbing response to a novel stimulus. The Novelty P3 was the third P3 subcomponent discovered (after P3a and P3b) and appeared promising in its sensitivity to stimulus novelty, the defining characteristic of the Orienting Reflex. But some 15 years later it was claimed to be indistinguishable from the previously-discovered P3a. This led to a decline in interest in the field and confused nomenclature, with some studies using “P3a” and “Novelty P3” interchangeably. However, recent similar studies have again reported three subcomponents of the P3. Further, using single-stimulus habituation paradigms, in addition to P3a and P3b, a later decrementing P3 subcomponent has been reported and recently labelled “HabP3” to avoid contention. We report three studies to resolve this chaotic situation, arguing for identification of the late subcomponent following the P3a and P3b as the Novelty P3. Reinstatement of the Novelty P3 as the central index of the Orienting Reflex will have widespread impact in a range of theoretical, practical and clinical areas involving novelty processing and attention.

  • Time-frequency PCA of event-related EEG changes in the Orienting Reflex
    International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Frances M. De Blasio, Robert J. Barry, Edward M. Bernat, Genevieve Z. Steiner
    Abstract:

    Abstract presented at the 17th World Congress of Psychophysiology (IOP2014) of the International Organization of Psychophysiology (IOP) Hiroshima, Japan, September 23rd to 27th, 2014

  • Linking components of event-related potentials and autonomic measures of the Orienting Reflex
    International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Robert J. Barry, Frances M. De Blasio, Brett Macdonald, Genevieve Z. Steiner
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study examined autonomic measures and event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with elicitation and habituation of the basic Orienting Reflex (OR). Subjects received 16 innocuous tones with intensity alternating between 60 and 80 dB, at long inter-stimulus intervals. There was no stimulus-related task, so we could examine the effects of stimulus novelty and intensity in the absence of task demands. Cardiac, respiratory, peripheral vasoconstriction, and electrodermal measures were recorded, as well as continuous EEG. Single-trial ERPs were obtained, and components extracted by Principal Components Analysis were examined for potential response fractionation in the central indices of stimulus processing. The predicted fractionation of autonomic measures was obtained: cardiac deceleration showed no systematic change with intensity or trials, respiratory pause showed a substantial main effect of trials but no intensity effects, peripheral vasoconstriction showed intensity but no trials effects, and electrodermal responses showed substantial main effects of trials and intensity. A range of intensity and novelty effects were obtained in components identified as the N1, P3a, P3b, Novelty P3, and the classic Slow Wave. The different stimulus–response profiles of the ERP components are discussed in relation to the autonomic response profiles within the context of a sequential processing theory of OR elicitation.

  • Pupillary responses and event-related potentials as indices of the Orienting Reflex.
    Psychophysiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Genevieve Z. Steiner, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    This study examined skin conductance responses, the late positive complex of the event-related potential, and pupillary dilation responses as autonomic and central correlates of the Orienting Reflex (OR) in the context of indifferent and significant stimuli. In particular, we aimed to clarify the inconsistencies surrounding the pupillary dilation response as an OR index. An auditory dishabituation paradigm was employed, and physiological measures were recorded from 24 participants. Response decrement to a repeated stimulus, response recovery to a change stimulus, and subsequent dishabituation were assessed. Findings confirmed expectations that the skin conductance response and the late positive complex are indices of the OR. The pupillary dilation response, however, demonstrated an unexpected sensitivity to stimulus novelty only, while the prestimulus measure of tonic pupil diameter showed the significance effect that was expected of the phasic measure. Together, these findings argue against the suggestion that the pupillary dilation response is an OR index. The diverse results obtained from this experiment contribute to our understanding of the OR, and provide impetus for further research with a variety of paradigm manipulations.

Andreas Lidstrom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • respiratory component of the Orienting Reflex a novel sensitive index of sensory induced arousal in rats
    Frontiers in Physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

  • Respiratory Component of the Orienting Reflex: A Novel Sensitive Index of Sensory-Induced Arousal in Rats
    Frontiers in physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

  • University Of Newcastle
    2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    Respiratory component of the Orienting Reflex: A novel sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal in rat

Evgeny Bondarenko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • respiratory component of the Orienting Reflex a novel sensitive index of sensory induced arousal in rats
    Frontiers in Physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

  • Respiratory Component of the Orienting Reflex: A Novel Sensitive Index of Sensory-Induced Arousal in Rats
    Frontiers in physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    In humans, the integrated response to a novel stimulus (Orienting Reflex) includes behavioral (head turning etc) and well-characterized physiological components (changes in heart rate, respiration, skin conductance, and EEG patterns). In rodents, the physiological components of the Orienting Reflex include changes in heart rate and cutaneous vasoconstrictor tone, but respiratory changes have so far not been systematically documented. In the present study conducted in adult male Wistar rats, the Orienting Reflex was elicited by 60-dB acoustic tones while animals were in a whole-body plethysmograph for respiratory recordings. In addition to respiration, in different groups of animals we concurrently recorded either EEG, or heart rate (both by biotelemetry), or tail blood flow (using ultrasound Doppler). Acoustic stimuli provoked vigorous tachypnoeic responses with respiratory rate rising from 80-100 to 450-650 cpm, and with small and variable changes in tidal volume. This respiratory arousal response was often, but not always, accompanied by EEG desynchronization and by variable tail vasoconstriction, and by small and inconsistent changes in the heart rate. We conclude that tachypnoeic responses are a new highly sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal.

  • University Of Newcastle
    2012
    Co-Authors: Eugene Nalivaiko, Evgeny Bondarenko, Andreas Lidstrom, Robert J. Barry
    Abstract:

    Respiratory component of the Orienting Reflex: A novel sensitive index of sensory-induced arousal in rat