Psychophysiology

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Arcangelo Merla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • new frontiers for applications of thermal infrared imaging devices computational psychopshysiology in the neurosciences
    Sensors, 2017
    Co-Authors: Daniela Cardone, Arcangelo Merla
    Abstract:

    Thermal infrared imaging has been proposed, and is now used, as a tool for the non-contact and non-invasive computational assessment of human autonomic nervous activity and psychophysiological states. Thanks to a new generation of high sensitivity infrared thermal detectors and the development of computational models of the autonomic control of the facial cutaneous temperature, several autonomic variables can be computed through thermal infrared imaging, including localized blood perfusion rate, cardiac pulse rate, breath rate, sudomotor and stress responses. In fact, all of these parameters impact on the control of the cutaneous temperature. The physiological information obtained through this approach, could then be used to infer about a variety of psychophysiological or emotional states, as proved by the increasing number of Psychophysiology or neurosciences studies that use thermal infrared imaging. This paper presents a review of the principal achievements of thermal infrared imaging in computational Psychophysiology, focusing on the capability of the technique for providing ubiquitous and unwired monitoring of psychophysiological activity and affective states. It also presents a summary on the modern, up-to-date infrared sensors technology.

  • thermal infrared imaging in Psychophysiology potentialities and limits
    Psychophysiology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Stephanos Ioannou, Vittorio Gallese, Arcangelo Merla
    Abstract:

    Functional infrared thermal imaging (fITI) is considered an upcoming, promising methodology in the emotional arena. Driven by sympathetic nerves, observations of affective nature derive from muscular activity subcutaneous blood flow as well as perspiration patterns in specific body parts. A review of 23 experimental procedures that employed fITI for investigations of affective nature is provided, along with the adopted experimental protocol and the thermal changes that took place on selected regions of interest in human and nonhuman subjects. Discussion is provided regarding the selection of an appropriate baseline, the autonomic nature of the thermal print, the experimental setup, methodological issues, limitations, and considerations, as well as future directions.

  • thermal signatures of emotional arousal a functional infrared imaging study
    International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007
    Co-Authors: Arcangelo Merla, Gian Luca Romani
    Abstract:

    Functional infrared imaging was used to study the facial thermal signatures of three fundamental emotional conditions: stress, fear and pleasure arousal. Facial cutaneous temperature and its topographic distribution exhibited specific features clearly correlated to emotional arousal and concomitant measures of standard physiological signals of the sympathetic activity. The results of this study indicate functional infrared imaging as an alternative, touch less, non invasive method for assessing individual's emotional arousal in Psychophysiology.

Paul M Lehrer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Psychophysiological Hypotheses Regarding Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Syndrome
    2013
    Co-Authors: Paul M Lehrer
    Abstract:

    This paper proposes several hypotheses and research strategies for exploring possible psychological factors contributing to multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). The hypotheses are based on concepts of individual response stereotypy, situational response specificity, classical conditioning of chemical-induced responses, and psychophysiological reactions to active and passive coping orientations. Hypotheses regarding hypersensitivity to perception and/or aversiveness of chemical stimulation also are presented. Strategies for evaluating these hypotheses are described based on experimental literature on Psychophysiology and psychophysics. Environ Health Perspect 105(Suppl 2):479-483 (1997) Key words: multiple chemical sensitivity, situational response specificity, active and passive coping, perception, psychophysics, suggestion, conditioning, pani

  • psychophysiological hypotheses regarding multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome
    Environmental Health Perspectives, 1997
    Co-Authors: Paul M Lehrer
    Abstract:

    This paper proposes several hypotheses and research strategies for exploring possible psychological factors contributing to multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). The hypotheses are based on concepts of individual response stereotypy, situational response specificity, classical conditioning of chemical-induced responses, and psychophysiological reactions to active and passive coping orientations. Hypotheses regarding hypersensitivity to perception and/or aversiveness of chemical stimulation also are presented. Strategies for evaluating these hypotheses are described based on experimental literature on Psychophysiology and psychophysics.

Pedro Nobre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a review of infrared thermography as applied to human sexual Psychophysiology
    International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ines M Tavares, Ricardo Vardasca, Nicoletta Cera, Raquel Pereira, Filippo Maria Nimbi, Dominika Lisy, Erick Janssen, Pedro Nobre
    Abstract:

    Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-contact technique that permits mapping and analysis of the temperature of the body's skin surface. This method has been applied to sexual Psychophysiology since the 1980s and its use has been expanding ever since, mainly because it provides several advantages over existing genital response measures. This article presents a review of experimental studies employing IRT to investigate human sexual arousal, with the aim of summarizing the available procedures and evidence so far and to identify important caveats in the literature. The studies reviewed support the feasibility and validity of IRT as a real-time physiological measure of sexual arousal but varied substantially regarding methodology and procedures. The results of this review underscore the value and validity of IRT in sexual Psychophysiology and point at the critical need for the standardization of IRT protocols to accommodate the specific needs of applying this methodology to sexual physiology.

Dmitry V Repin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the Psychophysiology of real time financial risk processing
    Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2002
    Co-Authors: Dmitry V Repin
    Abstract:

    A longstanding controversy in economics and finance is whether financial markets are governed by rational forces or by emotional responses. We study the importance of emotion in the decision-making process of professional securities traders by measuring their physiological characteristics (e.g., skin conductance, blood volume pulse, etc.) during live trading sessions while simultaneously capturing real-time prices from which market events can be detected. In a sample of 10 traders, we find statistically significant differences in mean electrodermal responses during transient market events relative to no-event control periods, and statistically significant mean changes in cardiovascular variables during periods of heightened market volatility relative to normal-volatility control periods. We also observe significant differences in these physiological responses across the 10 traders that may be systematically related to the traders' levels of experience.

  • the Psychophysiology of real time financial risk processing
    National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001
    Co-Authors: Dmitry V Repin
    Abstract:

    A longstanding controversy in economics and finance is whether financial markets are governed by rational forces or by emotional responses. We study the importance of emotion in the decisionmaking process of professional securities traders by measuring their physiological characteristics, e.g., skin conductance, blood volume pulse, etc., during live trading sessions while simultaneously capturing real-time prices from which market events can be defined. In a sample of 10 traders, we find significant correlation between electrodermal responses and transient market events, and between changes in cardiovascular variables and market volatility. We also observe differences in these correlations among the 10 traders which may be systematically related to the traders' levels of experience.

Susana Grey Pompa Carrazana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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