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Michael J. Furlong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic structure of the Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes Rhinoceros) population and the incidence of its biocontrol agent (Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus) in the South Pacific Islands
2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, James P. Hereward, Apenisa Sailo, Emeline M. Ahoafi, Robert Tautua, Helen Tsatsia, Grahame V Jackson, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:Abstract Incursions of the Coconut Rhinoceros beetle (CRB), Oryctes Rhinoceros, have been detected in several countries of the south west Pacific in recent years, resulting in an expansion of the pest’s geographic range. It has been suggested that this resurgence is related to an O. Rhinoceros mitochondrial lineage (previously referred to as the CRB-G “biotype”) that is reported to show reduced susceptibility to the well-established classical biocontrol agent, Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV). We investigated O. Rhinoceros population genetics and the OrNV status of adult specimens collected in the Philippines and seven different South Pacific island countries (Fiji, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, and Vanuatu). Based on the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (CoxI) gene, we found three major mitochondrial lineages (CRB-G, a PNG lineage (CRB-PNG) and the South Pacific lineage (CRB-S)) across the region. Haplotype diversity varied considerably between and within countries. The O. Rhinoceros population in most countries was monotypic and all individuals tested belonged to a single mitochondrial lineage (Fiji, CRB-S; Tonga, CRB-S; Vanuatu, CRB-PNG; PNG (Kimbe), CRB-PNG; New Caledonia CRB-G; Philippines, CRB-G). However, in Samoa we detected CRB-S and CRB-PNG and in Solomon Islands we detected all three haplotype groups. Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) methods were used to genotype 10,000 snps from 230 insects across the Pacific and showed genetic differentiation in the O. Rhinoceros nuclear genome among different geographical populations. The GBS data also provided evidence for gene flow and admixture between different haplotypes in Solomon Islands. Therefore, contrary to earlier reports, CRB-G is not solely responsible for damage to the coconut palms reported since the pest was first recorded in Solomon Islands in 2015. We also PCR-screened a fragment of OrNV from 260 insects and detected an extremely high prevalence of viral infection in all three haplotypes in the region. We conclude that the haplotype groups CRB-G, CRB-S, and PNG, do not represent biotypes, subspecies, or cryptic species, but simply represent different invasions of O. Rhinoceros across the Pacific. This has important implications for management, especially biological control, of Coconut Rhinoceros beetle in the region.
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Genomic structural and transcriptional variation of Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) in Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle
2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, Rhys Parry, Marie Joy B. Beltran, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) is a large circular double-stranded DNA virus which has been used as a biological control agent to suppress Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes Rhinoceros) in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. Recently a new wave of O. Rhinoceros incursions in Oceania in previously non-infested areas is thought to be related to the presence of low virulence isolates of OrNV or virus tolerant haplotypes of beetles. In this study, chronically infected O. Rhinoceros adults were field collected from the Philippines, Fiji, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. We extracted total RNA from these samples to investigate the global viral gene expression profiles and comparative genomic analysis of structural variations between the four different populations. Maximum likelihood phylogenic analysis indicated that OrNV strains from the Solomon Islands and the Philippines are closely related to while OrNV strains from PNG and Fiji formed a distinct adjacent clade. We detected several polymorphic sites with a frequency higher than 35% in 892 positions of the viral genome. The highest number of structural variants, including single nucleotide variants (SNV), insertion, deletion and non-synonymous mutations, were found in strains from Fiji and PNG when compared to complete recently sequenced Solomon Islands OrNV reference genome. Non-synonymous mutations were detected in several hypothetical proteins, and 15 nudivirus core genes such as OrNV_gp034 (DNA Helicase), lef-8, lef-4 and vp91. For examination of the global gene expression profile of OrNV in chronically infected populations, we found limited evidence of variation between geographic populations. Only a few genes such as OrNV_gp01 (DNA polymerase B), OrNV_gp022 and OrNV_gp107 (Pif-3) were differentially expressed among different strains. Additionally, small RNA sequencing from the Solomon Islands population suggests that OrNV is targeted by the host RNA interference (RNAi) response with abundant 21nt small RNAs. Additionally, we identified a highly abundant putative 22 nt miRNA from the 3′ of a pre-miRNA-like hairpin originating from OrNV-gp-098. These findings provide valuable resources for future studies to improve our understanding of the OrNV genetic variation. Some of these structural changes are specific to the geographic population and could be related to particular phenotypic characteristics of the strain, such as viral pathogenicity or transmissibility, and this requires further investigation.
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The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Oryctes Rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) based on long-read nanopore sequencing
2020Co-Authors: Igor Filipović, Michael J. Furlong, James P. Hereward, Gordana Rašić, Gregor J. Devine, Kayvan EtebariAbstract:Abstract The coconut Rhinoceros beetle (CRB, Oryctes Rhinoceros) is a severe and invasive pest of coconut and other palms throughout Asia and the Pacific. The biocontrol agent, Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV), has successfully suppressed O. Rhinoceros populations for decades but new CRB invasions started appearing after 2007. A single-SNP variant within the mitochondrial cox1 gene is used to distinguish the recently-invading CRB-G lineage from other haplotypes, but the lack of mitogenome sequence for this species hinders further development of a molecular toolset for biosecurity and management programmes against CRB. Here we report the complete circular sequence and annotation for CRB mitogenome, generated to support such efforts. Sequencing data were generated using long-read Nanopore technology from genomic DNA isolated from a CRB-G female. The mitochondrial genome was assembled with Flye v.2.5, using the short-read Illumina sequences to remove homopolymers with Pilon, and annotated with MITOS. Independently-generated transcriptome data were used to assess the O. Rhinoceros mitogenome annotation and transcription. The aligned sequences of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (with degenerate third codon position) from O. Rhinoceros, 13 other Scarabaeidae taxa and two outgroup taxa were used for the phylogenetic reconstruction with the Maximum likelihood (ML) approach in IQ-TREE and Bayesian (BI) approach in MrBayes. The complete circular mitochondrial genome of O. Rhinoceros is 20,898 bp-long, with a gene content canonical for insects (13 PCGs, 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes), as well as one structural variation (rearrangement of trnQ and trnI) and a long control region (6,204 bp). Transcription was detected across all 37 genes, and interestingly, within three domains in the control region. ML and BI phylogenies had the same topology, correctly grouping O. Rhinoceros with one other Dynastinae taxon, and recovering the previously reported relationship among lineages in the Scarabaeidae. In silico PCR-RFLP analysis recovered the correct fragment set that is diagnostic for the CRB-G haplogroup. These results validate the high-quality of the CRB mitogenome sequence and annotation.
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Identification of a Novel Picorna-like Virus in Coconut Rhinoceros Beetles (Oryctes Rhinoceros).
2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, Matan Shelomi, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:A novel Picorna-like virus, tentatively named Oryctes Rhinoceros Picorna-like virus 1 (OrPV1), was identified in coconut Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes Rhinoceros) larvae in Taiwan. The complete genome sequence consisted of 9,665 nucleotides with a polyA tail and included one open reading frame. Conserved structural domains such as Picornavirus capsid protein, RNA helicase, Peptidase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) were identified through Pfam domain searches. The genome shares approximately 28% identity with other unclassified picornavirals that infect honey bees (Darwin bee virus 2, Bundaberg bee virus 5, and Sacbrood virus) and a recently reported virus from Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis virus 1). We did not detect this virus in any other geographical populations of O. Rhinoceros collected from the South Pacific Islands and the Philippines. Analysis of the deduced RdRp amino acid sequences showed that the virus clustered with other Picorna-like viruses and separated from other members of family Dicistroviridae and Iflaviridae.
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Complete genome sequence of Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus isolated from the coconut Rhinoceros beetle in Solomon Islands
Virus research, 2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, Helen Tsatsia, Igor Filipović, Gordana Rašić, Gregor J. Devine, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) has been an effective biocontrol agent against the insect pest Oryctes Rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) for decades, but there is evidence that resistance could be evolving in some host populations. We detected OrNV infection in O. Rhinoceros from Solomon Islands and used Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing to determine the full length of the virus genomic sequence isolated from an individual belonging to a mitochondrial lineage (CRB-G) that was previously reported as resistant to OrNV. The complete circular genome of the virus consisted of 125,917 nucleotides, 1.698 bp shorter than the originally-described full genome sequence of Ma07 strain from Malaysia. We found 130 out of 139 previously annotated ORFs (seven contained interrupted/non-coding sequences, two were identified as duplicated versions of the existing genes), as well as a putatively inverted regions containing four genes. These results demonstrate the usefulness of a long-read sequencing technology for resolving potential structural variations when describing new virus isolates. While the Solomon Islands isolate exhibited 99.41 % nucleotide sequence identity with the originally described strain, we found several genes, including a core gene (vlf-1), that contained multiple amino acid insertions and/or deletions as putative polymorphisms of large effect. Our complete annotated genome sequence of a newly found isolate in Solomon Islands provides a valuable resource to help elucidate the mechanisms that compromise the efficacy of OrNV as a biocontrol agent against the coconut Rhinoceros beetle.
Soon Guan Tan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genetic variation studies in Oryctes Rhinoceros l coleoptera scarabaeidae using single locus dna microsatellite markers
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2015Co-Authors: Manjeri Gnanasegaram, R. Muhamad, Soon Guan TanAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros, a serious pest in young oil palm replanting areas, often causes reduced plant productivity and plant death. Common control measures are species specific pheromone traps; however discrepancy in attraction toward the pheromone traps has raised doubts on the possibility of cryptic species complex in O. Rhinoceros. To ascertain the possibilities of a cryptic species complex; species specific single locus DNA microsatellite markers were used to study the genetic variation within and between O. Rhinoceros populations. Using 30 species specific single locus DNA microsatellite markers, O. Rhinoceros beetles from six populations originating from Malaysia and Indonesia revealed no isolated gene pool. Pairwise population differentiation and gene flow values further revealed low to moderate differentiation and a high gene flow between populations. Beetles of different population interactedrnfreely, permitting gene flow between closely and distantly located populations; thus ruling out the possibility for cryptic species complex in O. Rhinoceros.
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Oryctes Rhinoceros beetles, an oil palm pest in Malaysia.
Annual Research & Review in Biology, 2014Co-Authors: G. Manjeri, R. Muhamad, Soon Guan TanAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros, commonly known as the Rhinoceros beetle is an important agricultural pest that is known to inflict serious damage on young oil palm trees. Many researches have been conducted on its development, life cycle, habitat, management and genomic variation ever since the need to understand this pest arose. Oryctes Rhinoceros is among the longest present agricultural pest in Malaysia and it has witnessed the formulation and implementation of various phases of control and management strategies. To date, research and development activities are still ongoing in Malaysia for the successful management of this pest. In this review, we look into details on the characteristics of this pest, the modes of its introduction into Malaysia, as well as the events that helped to establish and contribute to the proliferation of this pest as a major oil palm threat in Malaysia. The progressive development of various research and development activities concerning the management and control of this pest are also highlighted.
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Morphometric Analysis of Oryctes Rhinoceros (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Oil Palm Plantations
The Coleopterists Bulletin, 2013Co-Authors: G. Manjeri, R. Muhamad, Q. Z. Faridah, Soon Guan TanAbstract:Morphometric analysis was performed on the oil palm pest Oryctes Rhinoceros (L.) as part of a study to determine the possibility of a cryptic species complex occurring in this organism. Six beetle populations, each with a sample of 30 individuals, were examined. The morphometric variables measured were total body length, elytral length, pronotal length, pronotal width, and length of the cephalic horn. Principal component analysis and canonical discriminant analysis indicated no distinct discontinuity or clustering of populations. The morphology of individuals from different populations was observed to overlap on one another. These results indicate that O. Rhinoceros show stability in morphometric character variance across a wide geographical range.
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Genetic variation studies in Oryctes Rhinoceros (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from oil palm plantations using random amplified microsatellite (RAMs) markers
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2011Co-Authors: G. Manjeri, R. Muhamad, Q. Z. Faridah, Soon Guan TanAbstract:Randomly amplified microsatellite markers were used to study the genetic variation among six populations of Oryctes Rhinoceros L. which were collected from oil palm plantations in Selangor, Perak, Pahang and Medan. Samples were collected using light and pheromone trapping for the purpose of obtaining two populations per site study. Thirty individual beetles per population were screened using seven randomly amplified microsatellite primers. Beetles were not attracted to light traps at Pahang and Medan. This resulted in only pheromone populations being caught there. Distances calculated based on the similarity coefficient of Nei and Li (1979) ranged between 0.422 and 0.736. Seventy eight reproducible loci were generated using the seven primers and all the loci were polymorphic. The dendrogram constructed produced two major clusters. Based on the dendrogram, the clusterings were observed to be influenced by preference to trapping system as well as geographical distance. The separation of clustering between Perak Pheromone (PP) and Perak Light (PL) is important as it gives rise to the possibility for the presence of two groups of O. Rhinoceros based on their preference toward light and pheromone trap. However, further studies using codominant markers especially single locus DNA microsatellite markers are required to understand the population genetic structure and to further validate the presence of a cryptic species complex. Keywords: Oryctes Rhinoceros , RAMs, genetic variation
Kayvan Etebari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic structure of the Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes Rhinoceros) population and the incidence of its biocontrol agent (Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus) in the South Pacific Islands
2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, James P. Hereward, Apenisa Sailo, Emeline M. Ahoafi, Robert Tautua, Helen Tsatsia, Grahame V Jackson, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:Abstract Incursions of the Coconut Rhinoceros beetle (CRB), Oryctes Rhinoceros, have been detected in several countries of the south west Pacific in recent years, resulting in an expansion of the pest’s geographic range. It has been suggested that this resurgence is related to an O. Rhinoceros mitochondrial lineage (previously referred to as the CRB-G “biotype”) that is reported to show reduced susceptibility to the well-established classical biocontrol agent, Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV). We investigated O. Rhinoceros population genetics and the OrNV status of adult specimens collected in the Philippines and seven different South Pacific island countries (Fiji, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, and Vanuatu). Based on the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (CoxI) gene, we found three major mitochondrial lineages (CRB-G, a PNG lineage (CRB-PNG) and the South Pacific lineage (CRB-S)) across the region. Haplotype diversity varied considerably between and within countries. The O. Rhinoceros population in most countries was monotypic and all individuals tested belonged to a single mitochondrial lineage (Fiji, CRB-S; Tonga, CRB-S; Vanuatu, CRB-PNG; PNG (Kimbe), CRB-PNG; New Caledonia CRB-G; Philippines, CRB-G). However, in Samoa we detected CRB-S and CRB-PNG and in Solomon Islands we detected all three haplotype groups. Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) methods were used to genotype 10,000 snps from 230 insects across the Pacific and showed genetic differentiation in the O. Rhinoceros nuclear genome among different geographical populations. The GBS data also provided evidence for gene flow and admixture between different haplotypes in Solomon Islands. Therefore, contrary to earlier reports, CRB-G is not solely responsible for damage to the coconut palms reported since the pest was first recorded in Solomon Islands in 2015. We also PCR-screened a fragment of OrNV from 260 insects and detected an extremely high prevalence of viral infection in all three haplotypes in the region. We conclude that the haplotype groups CRB-G, CRB-S, and PNG, do not represent biotypes, subspecies, or cryptic species, but simply represent different invasions of O. Rhinoceros across the Pacific. This has important implications for management, especially biological control, of Coconut Rhinoceros beetle in the region.
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Genomic structural and transcriptional variation of Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) in Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle
2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, Rhys Parry, Marie Joy B. Beltran, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) is a large circular double-stranded DNA virus which has been used as a biological control agent to suppress Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes Rhinoceros) in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. Recently a new wave of O. Rhinoceros incursions in Oceania in previously non-infested areas is thought to be related to the presence of low virulence isolates of OrNV or virus tolerant haplotypes of beetles. In this study, chronically infected O. Rhinoceros adults were field collected from the Philippines, Fiji, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. We extracted total RNA from these samples to investigate the global viral gene expression profiles and comparative genomic analysis of structural variations between the four different populations. Maximum likelihood phylogenic analysis indicated that OrNV strains from the Solomon Islands and the Philippines are closely related to while OrNV strains from PNG and Fiji formed a distinct adjacent clade. We detected several polymorphic sites with a frequency higher than 35% in 892 positions of the viral genome. The highest number of structural variants, including single nucleotide variants (SNV), insertion, deletion and non-synonymous mutations, were found in strains from Fiji and PNG when compared to complete recently sequenced Solomon Islands OrNV reference genome. Non-synonymous mutations were detected in several hypothetical proteins, and 15 nudivirus core genes such as OrNV_gp034 (DNA Helicase), lef-8, lef-4 and vp91. For examination of the global gene expression profile of OrNV in chronically infected populations, we found limited evidence of variation between geographic populations. Only a few genes such as OrNV_gp01 (DNA polymerase B), OrNV_gp022 and OrNV_gp107 (Pif-3) were differentially expressed among different strains. Additionally, small RNA sequencing from the Solomon Islands population suggests that OrNV is targeted by the host RNA interference (RNAi) response with abundant 21nt small RNAs. Additionally, we identified a highly abundant putative 22 nt miRNA from the 3′ of a pre-miRNA-like hairpin originating from OrNV-gp-098. These findings provide valuable resources for future studies to improve our understanding of the OrNV genetic variation. Some of these structural changes are specific to the geographic population and could be related to particular phenotypic characteristics of the strain, such as viral pathogenicity or transmissibility, and this requires further investigation.
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The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Oryctes Rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) based on long-read nanopore sequencing
2020Co-Authors: Igor Filipović, Michael J. Furlong, James P. Hereward, Gordana Rašić, Gregor J. Devine, Kayvan EtebariAbstract:Abstract The coconut Rhinoceros beetle (CRB, Oryctes Rhinoceros) is a severe and invasive pest of coconut and other palms throughout Asia and the Pacific. The biocontrol agent, Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV), has successfully suppressed O. Rhinoceros populations for decades but new CRB invasions started appearing after 2007. A single-SNP variant within the mitochondrial cox1 gene is used to distinguish the recently-invading CRB-G lineage from other haplotypes, but the lack of mitogenome sequence for this species hinders further development of a molecular toolset for biosecurity and management programmes against CRB. Here we report the complete circular sequence and annotation for CRB mitogenome, generated to support such efforts. Sequencing data were generated using long-read Nanopore technology from genomic DNA isolated from a CRB-G female. The mitochondrial genome was assembled with Flye v.2.5, using the short-read Illumina sequences to remove homopolymers with Pilon, and annotated with MITOS. Independently-generated transcriptome data were used to assess the O. Rhinoceros mitogenome annotation and transcription. The aligned sequences of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (with degenerate third codon position) from O. Rhinoceros, 13 other Scarabaeidae taxa and two outgroup taxa were used for the phylogenetic reconstruction with the Maximum likelihood (ML) approach in IQ-TREE and Bayesian (BI) approach in MrBayes. The complete circular mitochondrial genome of O. Rhinoceros is 20,898 bp-long, with a gene content canonical for insects (13 PCGs, 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes), as well as one structural variation (rearrangement of trnQ and trnI) and a long control region (6,204 bp). Transcription was detected across all 37 genes, and interestingly, within three domains in the control region. ML and BI phylogenies had the same topology, correctly grouping O. Rhinoceros with one other Dynastinae taxon, and recovering the previously reported relationship among lineages in the Scarabaeidae. In silico PCR-RFLP analysis recovered the correct fragment set that is diagnostic for the CRB-G haplogroup. These results validate the high-quality of the CRB mitogenome sequence and annotation.
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Identification of a Novel Picorna-like Virus in Coconut Rhinoceros Beetles (Oryctes Rhinoceros).
2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, Matan Shelomi, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:A novel Picorna-like virus, tentatively named Oryctes Rhinoceros Picorna-like virus 1 (OrPV1), was identified in coconut Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes Rhinoceros) larvae in Taiwan. The complete genome sequence consisted of 9,665 nucleotides with a polyA tail and included one open reading frame. Conserved structural domains such as Picornavirus capsid protein, RNA helicase, Peptidase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) were identified through Pfam domain searches. The genome shares approximately 28% identity with other unclassified picornavirals that infect honey bees (Darwin bee virus 2, Bundaberg bee virus 5, and Sacbrood virus) and a recently reported virus from Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis virus 1). We did not detect this virus in any other geographical populations of O. Rhinoceros collected from the South Pacific Islands and the Philippines. Analysis of the deduced RdRp amino acid sequences showed that the virus clustered with other Picorna-like viruses and separated from other members of family Dicistroviridae and Iflaviridae.
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Complete genome sequence of Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus isolated from the coconut Rhinoceros beetle in Solomon Islands
Virus research, 2020Co-Authors: Kayvan Etebari, Helen Tsatsia, Igor Filipović, Gordana Rašić, Gregor J. Devine, Michael J. FurlongAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) has been an effective biocontrol agent against the insect pest Oryctes Rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) for decades, but there is evidence that resistance could be evolving in some host populations. We detected OrNV infection in O. Rhinoceros from Solomon Islands and used Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing to determine the full length of the virus genomic sequence isolated from an individual belonging to a mitochondrial lineage (CRB-G) that was previously reported as resistant to OrNV. The complete circular genome of the virus consisted of 125,917 nucleotides, 1.698 bp shorter than the originally-described full genome sequence of Ma07 strain from Malaysia. We found 130 out of 139 previously annotated ORFs (seven contained interrupted/non-coding sequences, two were identified as duplicated versions of the existing genes), as well as a putatively inverted regions containing four genes. These results demonstrate the usefulness of a long-read sequencing technology for resolving potential structural variations when describing new virus isolates. While the Solomon Islands isolate exhibited 99.41 % nucleotide sequence identity with the originally described strain, we found several genes, including a core gene (vlf-1), that contained multiple amino acid insertions and/or deletions as putative polymorphisms of large effect. Our complete annotated genome sequence of a newly found isolate in Solomon Islands provides a valuable resource to help elucidate the mechanisms that compromise the efficacy of OrNV as a biocontrol agent against the coconut Rhinoceros beetle.
Didier Rochat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A new type of trap for capturing Oryctes Rhinoceros (Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae), the main pest in young oil palm and coconut plantings
2001Co-Authors: Morin J.-p., Ps. Sudharto, Rolettha Y. Purba, R. Desmier De Chenon, Titus Kakul, S Laup, Laurence Beaudoin-ollivier, Didier RochatAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros (Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae) trapping is possible with the pheromone (ethyl 4-methyloctanoate) as the attractant. This article describes a new type of trap that functions without insecticides or water, and can remain in place for several months without any particular maintenance so long as the attractant does not run out. As it is 2 m tall, it offers the advantage of having the silhouette of a palm stem, which is visually attractive to this insect. (Resume d'auteur)
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Effect of Oryctes Rhinoceros pheromone (ethyl 4-methyloctanoate) diffusion rate on pest catches
2000Co-Authors: Rolettha Y. Purba, Sudharto Prawirosukarto, Jean-paul Morin, Didier RochatAbstract:Oryctes Rhinoceros (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae) is one of the most serious pests in young oil palm and coconut plantings. Adults mine galleries in young fronds. Such attacks retard the development of young palms and sometimes kill them. The insect develops in rotting wood and old stems left on the ground during land preparation. Replantings to replace old oil palm plantings are propitious to pest development. Young palms are protected by repeated applications of insecticide granules, which are costly and not without risks for the environment (pollution of the water table). Manual collection calls for frequent rounds and is therefore labour-intensive. The discovery and the use of the aggregation pheromone ethyl 4-methyloctanoate (E4MO) as an attractant to capture the pest offer new prospects for its control by mass trapping and the reduction of populations. The results of a study testing increasing doses of E4MO using different dispensers are given. The trial was conducted in North Sumatra (Indonesia) in an oil palm replanting. (Resume d'auteur)
Marheni Marheni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Penggunaan Suspensi Baculovirus Terhadap Oryctes Rhinoceros L. (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) Di Laboratorium
2013Co-Authors: Desmendry Endro Silitonga, Darma Bakti, Marheni MarheniAbstract:Use suspense of Baculovirus to Oryctes Rhinoceros L. (Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae) in the Laboratory. The objective of this research was to know the suitable suspense of baculovirus to larvae in the laboratory. This research was conducted in the laboratory of pest, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan. Research using completely randomized design (CRD) non factorial with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The results showed that the highest percentage of larval mortality (P4) (suspense of Baculovirus, 40/1 liter of water) by 48.00 % and the lowest on P0 (control) and P1 (suspense Baculovirus-infected larvae of O. Rhinoceros larvae 5/1 liter of water) of 0.00 % and 4.00 %. Key words : palm oil, Oryctes Rhinoceros, Baculovirus.