The Experts below are selected from a list of 2619 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paulo Alberto Otto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evidence for Selective Differences in Single- Band Polytene Chromosome Polymorphism in
2016Co-Authors: Sciara Ocellaris, A L P Perondini, Paulo Alberto OttoAbstract:Sciara ocellaris (Bradysia tritici) is a dipteran species characterized by an extensive polymorphism of structural modifications of single bands occurring in the polytene chromosomes. In this experiment we obtained estimates of egg-to-adult viabilities in relation to the genotypes determined by 15 different loci. In spite of the presence of considerable levels of linkage disequilibrium possibly generated by random sam-pling genetic drift, it is suggested that at least one out of 15 polymorphic modified chromomeric loci is maintained in the population by an Overdominance mechanism. From the Departamento de Biologia, Universidade d
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evidence for selective differences in single band polytene chromosome polymorphism in sciara ocellaris
Journal of Heredity, 1991Co-Authors: A L P Perondini, Paulo Alberto OttoAbstract:Sciara ocellaris (Bradysia tritici) is a dipteran species characterized by an extensive polymorphism of structural modifications of single bands occurring in the polytene chromosomes. In this experiment we obtained estimates of egg-to-adult viabilities in relation to the genotypes determined by 15 different loci. In spite of the presence of considerable levels of linkage disequilibrium possibly generated by random sampling genetic drift, it is suggested that at least one out of 15 polymorphic modified chromomeric loci is maintained in the population by an Overdominance mechanism.
Jinping Hua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamic qtl analysis and validation for plant height using maternal and paternal backcrossing populations in upland cotton
Euphytica, 2018Co-Authors: Babar Ijaz, Yumei Wang, Jinping HuaAbstract:Plant height determines plant biomass yield, harvest index and economic yield. We analyzed quantitative trait loci (QTL) and gene action controlling plant height. We generated the maternal and paternal testcrossing (TC/M and TC/P) populations based on a recombinant inbred line population. Data for plant height at t1, t2, t3, t4 or t5 stages were collected over 2 years from 3 TC/M field trials and 2 TC/P field trials. At single-locus level, 32 QTLs at five stages and 24 conditional QTLs at four intervals were detected, and 14 QTLs shared in different years or populations or stages. Plant height displayed dynamic characteristics through expression of QTLs. A total of 21 novel QTLs were detected and 11 QTLs validated the previous results. And 19 QTLs explained over 10% of phenotypic variation, such as qPH-Chr9-2, qPH-Chr19-4 and qPH-Chr22-4. The region of NAU5330-NAU1269 on chromosome 19 may be a desired target for genetic improvement of plant height in Upland cotton. In addition, five and eight heterotic loci were identified in TC/M and TC/P populations, respectively. Additive, partial dominance and Overdominance effects were observed in both TC populations. We also identified 43 epistatic QTLs and QTLs by environment interactions by inclusive composite interval mapping method. Taken together, additive, partial dominance and Overdominance effects together with epistasis explained the genetic basis of plant height in Upland cotton.
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partial dominance Overdominance epistasis and qtl by environment interactions contribute to heterosis in two upland cotton hybrids
G3: Genes Genomes Genetics, 2016Co-Authors: Lianguang Shang, Yumei Wang, Shihu Cai, Xiaocui Wang, Abdugheni Abduweli, Jinping HuaAbstract:Based on two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, two corresponding backcross (BC) populations were constructed to elucidate the genetic basis of heterosis in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The yield, and yield components, of these populations were evaluated in three environments. At the single-locus level, 78 and 66 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected using composite interval mapping in RIL and BC populations, respectively, and 29 QTL were identified based on mid-parental heterosis (MPH) data of two hybrids. Considering all traits together, a total of 50 (64.9%) QTL with partial dominance effect, and 27 (35.1%) QTL for Overdominance effect were identified in two BC populations. At the two-locus level, 120 and 88 QTL with main effects (M-QTL), and 335 and 99 QTL involved in digenic interactions (E-QTL), were detected by inclusive composite interval mapping in RIL and BC populations, respectively. A large number of QTL by environment interactions (QEs) for M-QTL and E-QTL were detected in three environments. For most traits, average E-QTL explained a larger proportion of phenotypic variation than did M-QTL in two RIL populations and two BC populations. It was concluded that partial dominance, Overdominance, epistasis, and QEs all contribute to heterosis in Upland cotton, and that partial dominance resulting from single loci and epistasis play a relatively more important role than other genetic effects in heterosis in Upland cotton.
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partial dominance Overdominance and epistasis as the genetic basis of heterosis in upland cotton gossypium hirsutum l
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Qingzhi Liang, Lianguang Shang, Yumei Wang, Jinping HuaAbstract:Determination of genetic basis of heterosis may promote hybrid production in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). This study was designed to explore the genetic mechanism of heterosis for yield and yield components in F2: 3 and F2: 4 populations derived from a hybrid 'Xinza No. 1'. Replicated yield field trials of the progenies were conducted in 2008 and 2009. Phenotypic data analyses indicated Overdominance in F1 for yield and yield components. Additive and dominance effects at single-locus level and digenic epistatic interactions at two-locus level were analyzed by 421 marker loci spanning 3814 cM of the genome. A total of 38 and 49 QTLs controlling yield and yield components were identified in F2: 3 and F2: 4 populations, respectively. Analyses of these QTLs indicated that the effects of partial dominance and Overdominance contributed to heterosis in Upland cotton simultaneously. Most of the QTLs showed partial dominance whereas 13 QTLs showing Overdominance in F2:3 population, and 19 QTLs showed Overdominance in F2:4. Among them, 21 QTLs were common in both F2: 3 and F2: 4 populations. A large number of two-locus interactions for yield and yield components were detected in both generations. AA (additive × additive) epistasis accounted for majority portion of epistatic effects. Thirty three complementary two-locus homozygotes (11/22 and 22/11) were the best genotypes for AA interactions in terms of bolls per plant. Genotypes of double homozygotes, 11/22, 22/11 and 22/22, performed best for AD/DA interactions, while genotype of 11/12 performed best for DD interactions. These results indicated that (1) partial dominance and Overdominance effects at single-locus level and (2) epistasis at two-locus level elucidated the genetic basis of heterosis in Upland cotton.
Carol Eunmi Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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MARGINAL Overdominance SURVIVAL DATA
2016Co-Authors: Marijan Posavi, Gregory William Gelembiuk, Bret Larget, Carol Eunmi LeeAbstract:This dataset was generated by an experiment performed by Marijan Posavi to test for the presence of reversal of dominance and marginal Overdominance in salinity tolerance in the salt-to-freshwater invading copepod Eurytemora affinis. Saline and freshwater inbred lines were crossed to determine survival of the F1 hybrids relative to each parental line at three salinities. This research was performed in the laboratory of Carol Eunmi Lee at the University of Wisconsin, and was funded by the National Science Foundation
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testing for beneficial reversal of dominance during salinity shifts in the invasive copepod eurytemora affinis and implications for the maintenance of genetic variation
Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Marijan Posavi, Gregory William Gelembiuk, Bret Larget, Carol Eunmi LeeAbstract:Maintenance of genetic variation at loci under selection has profound implications for adaptation under environmental change. In temporally and spatially varying habitats, non-neutral polymorphism could be maintained by heterozygote advantage across environments (marginal Overdominance), which could be greatly increased by beneficial reversal of dominance across conditions. We tested for reversal of dominance and marginal Overdominance in salinity tolerance in the saltwater-to-freshwater invading copepod Eurytemora affinis. We compared survival of F1 offspring generated by crossing saline and freshwater inbred lines (between-salinity F1 crosses) relative to within-salinity F1 crosses, across three salinities. We found evidence for both beneficial reversal of dominance and marginal Overdominance in salinity tolerance. In support of reversal of dominance, survival of between-salinity F1 crosses was not different from that of freshwater F1 crosses under freshwater conditions and saltwater F1 crosses under saltwater conditions. In support of marginal Overdominance, between-salinity F1 crosses exhibited significantly higher survival across salinities relative to both freshwater and saltwater F1 crosses. Our study provides a rare empirical example of complete beneficial reversal of dominance associated with environmental change. This mechanism might be crucial for maintaining genetic variation in salinity tolerance in E. affinis populations, allowing rapid adaptation to salinity changes during habitat invasions.
Roman T. Kellenberger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emergence of a floral colour polymorphism by pollinator mediated Overdominance
Nature Communications, 2019Co-Authors: Amy M Lafountain, Roman T. Kellenberger, Kelsey J. R. P. Byers, Yannick M. Staedler, Jürg Schönenberger, Florian P. Schiestl, Rita Francisco, Philipp M. SchlüterAbstract:Maintenance of polymorphism by Overdominance (heterozygote advantage) is a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology. In most examples known in nature, Overdominance is a result of homozygotes suffering from deleterious effects. Here we show that Overdominance maintains a non-deleterious polymorphism with black, red and white floral morphs in the Alpine orchid Gymnadenia rhellicani. Phenotypic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal that the morphs differ solely in cyanidin pigments, which are linked to differential expression of an anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) gene. This expression difference is caused by a premature stop codon in an ANS-regulating R2R3-MYB transcription factor, which is heterozygous in the red colour morph. Furthermore, field observations show that bee and fly pollinators have opposite colour preferences; this results in higher fitness (seed set) of the heterozygous morph without deleterious effects in either homozygous morph. Together, these findings demonstrate that genuine Overdominance exists in nature.
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Emergence of a floral colour polymorphism by pollinator-mediated Overdominance
Nature Publishing Group, 2019Co-Authors: Roman T. Kellenberger, Amy M Lafountain, Kelsey J. R. P. Byers, Rita M. De Brito Francisco, Yannick M. Staedler, Jürg Schönenberger, Florian P. Schiestl, Philipp M. SchlüterAbstract:Examples of Overdominance are usually explained by deleterious effects in homozygotes. Here, Kellenberger et al. describe a case of Overdominance in the floral color of the Alpine orchid Gymnadenia rhellicani apparently maintained by pollinator preferences without deleterious effects in homozygotes
A L P Perondini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evidence for Selective Differences in Single- Band Polytene Chromosome Polymorphism in
2016Co-Authors: Sciara Ocellaris, A L P Perondini, Paulo Alberto OttoAbstract:Sciara ocellaris (Bradysia tritici) is a dipteran species characterized by an extensive polymorphism of structural modifications of single bands occurring in the polytene chromosomes. In this experiment we obtained estimates of egg-to-adult viabilities in relation to the genotypes determined by 15 different loci. In spite of the presence of considerable levels of linkage disequilibrium possibly generated by random sam-pling genetic drift, it is suggested that at least one out of 15 polymorphic modified chromomeric loci is maintained in the population by an Overdominance mechanism. From the Departamento de Biologia, Universidade d
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evidence for selective differences in single band polytene chromosome polymorphism in sciara ocellaris
Journal of Heredity, 1991Co-Authors: A L P Perondini, Paulo Alberto OttoAbstract:Sciara ocellaris (Bradysia tritici) is a dipteran species characterized by an extensive polymorphism of structural modifications of single bands occurring in the polytene chromosomes. In this experiment we obtained estimates of egg-to-adult viabilities in relation to the genotypes determined by 15 different loci. In spite of the presence of considerable levels of linkage disequilibrium possibly generated by random sampling genetic drift, it is suggested that at least one out of 15 polymorphic modified chromomeric loci is maintained in the population by an Overdominance mechanism.
