Oxidative Cyclization

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  • Osmium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of Dienes and Their Derivatives
    The Journal of organic chemistry, 2013
    Co-Authors: Ben S. Pilgrim, Timothy J. Donohoe
    Abstract:

    The development and application of novel methods for accomplishing the synthesis of heterocycles via osmium-catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization onto an alkene is described in this Perspective. Beginning with a fortuitous discovery, an extensive examination of the possible mechanism of Cyclization has been carried out, and the method was continuously developed until it had been transformed into an extremely efficient and powerful new catalytic reaction for the formation of tetrahydrofurans and pyrrolidines with complete control over all aspects of relative and absolute stereochemistry. By working with Os(VI) rather than the more familiar Os(VIII), a highly potent yet mild set of reaction conditions were developed. In addition to the method development studies, this work also sets out some synthetic challenges against which the methodology was tested. Pleasingly, the catalytic Oxidative Cyclization has proved itself to be an efficient and functional group tolerant process that was pivotal to the completion of s...

  • A Novel Oxidative Cyclization onto Vinyl Silanes.
    ChemInform, 2011
    Co-Authors: Timothy J. Donohoe, Paul C. M. Winship, Ben S. Pilgrim, Daryl S. Walter, Cedric K. A. Callens
    Abstract:

    A variety of tetrahydrofurans bearing a silyl group at the ring junction is prepared in good yields stereoselectively via a osmium-catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of appropriate terminal vinyl silanes.

  • New Modes for the Osmium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization
    Organic letters, 2010
    Co-Authors: Timothy J. Donohoe, Jeremy S. Parker, Peter J. Lindsay-scott, Cedric K. A. Callens
    Abstract:

    The osmium-catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of amino alcohol initiators formally derived from 1,4-dienes is an effective method for the construction of pyrrolidines, utilizing a novel reoxidant (4-nitropyridine N-oxide = NPNO). The Cyclization of enantiopure syn- and anti-amino alcohols gives rise to enantiopure cis- and trans-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines, respectively. Moreover, the Cyclization of bis-homoallylic amines bearing an exocyclic chelating group is shown to be a complementary method for trans-pyrrolidine formation.

  • A Lewis acid promoted Oxidative Cyclization.
    The Journal of organic chemistry, 2009
    Co-Authors: Timothy J. Donohoe, Paul C. M. Winship, Daryl S. Walter
    Abstract:

    Replacing trifluoroacetic acid with a catalytic amount of Lewis acid in the osmium mediated Oxidative Cyclization results in higher yielding reactions that can proceed nearly an order of magnitude faster. The osmium loading can also be reduced to as little as 0.2 mol %. Furthermore, these mildly acidic conditions are capable of tolerating a wide range of acid sensitive protecting groups that are incompatible with previous Cyclization conditions.

  • Pyridine-N-oxide as a mild reoxidant which transforms osmium-catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization.
    Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 2008
    Co-Authors: Timothy J. Donohoe, Katherine M. P. Wheelhouse, Peter J. Lindsay-scott, Paul Alan Glossop, Nash Ian Alun, Jeremy S. Parker
    Abstract:

    (Chemical Equation Presented) The PNOman can: The use of pyridine-N-oxide (PNO) transforms the catalytic Oxidative Cyclization to include the formation of pyrrolidines from N-Z-protected amino alcohols and amino acids (see scheme; Z = PhCH2OCO). This new method expands the scope of the Oxidative Cyclization as illustrated with the synthesis of a range of di- and trisubstituted pyrrolidines with complete control of stereochemistry. © 2008 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA