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Kareem Morsy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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First identification of four trypanorhynchid cestodes: Callitetrarhynchus speciouses, Pseudogrillotia sp. (Lacistorhynchidae), Kotorella pronosoma and Nybelinia bisulcata (Tentaculariidae) from Sparidae and Mullidae fish
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Saleh Quraishy, Ali Ghamdi, Nesma MostafaAbstract:Four previously unrecognized trypanorhynchids are described based on fish specimens from Sparidae and Mullidae host fish of the Red Sea. From September 2010 to June 2011, 66 specimens of the sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae) and 43 of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (F: Mullidae) were purchased from markets in the Suez and Hurghada cities of the Red Sea. The fishes were measured, and their organs investigated for helminth infections. Forty-one (37.6 %) out of the 109 fish specimens investigated were parasitized with Trypanorhyncha metacestodes, identified as Callitetrarhynchus speciouses Linton 1897, Pseudogrillotia sp. Dollfus 1969 , Kotorella pronosoma Stossich 1901 from P . Pagrus , and Nybelinia bisulcata Linton 1889 from M . barbatus in the mesentery and peritoneal cavity, with prevalences of 16.5, 11.0, 6.0, and 12.0 %. All of these larval stages were encapsulated larvae in blastocysts. C . speciouses is characterized by an elongated scolex, two bothria, a long postbulbosa, and four elongated bulbs. Pseudogrillotia sp. possesses a scolex with two lateral patelliform bothridia; posterior margins are free, not notched. A long sheath was observed, which was irregularly coiled when tentacles invaginated. N . bisulcata possesses an acraspedote scolex with four bothridia, which are broad, bean-shaped. The tentacles are spirally coiled, supplied with hooks with abruptly turned points. The four tentacles sheaths rose from scolex as two anterior (front) and two posterior (back) which overlap at the apices of bulbs. K . pronosoma is characterized by a short body with a craspedote scolex and four bothridia. The tentacles are short and emerge pairwise. The presence of Trypanorhyncha metacestodes in the muscles does not represent a risk of infection for humans. They have a negative effect on fish esthetics. The repugnant aspect and the prohibition for commercial use by sanitary inspectors, however, cause consumer rejection. Parasites of the order Trypanorhyncha have been recorded in these host fishes for the first time.
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New host and locality records of two nematode parasites Dujardinnascaris mujibii (Heterocheilidae) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae) from the common seabream Pagrus Pagrus : a light and scanning electron microscopic study
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Nesma MostafaAbstract:In the present study, the morphology and morphometric characterization of Dujardinnascaris mujibii (Heterocheilidae) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae), new nematode parasites infecting the sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (Osteichthyes, Sparidae), were described for the first time from the Gulf of Suez and Hurghada City of the Red Sea, Egypt. Ninety-eight (70 %) and 62 (44.2 %) out of 140 of the examined fish were naturally infected with these nematodes, respectively. The infection was investigated macroscopically by the occurrence of these parasites in the flesh, stomach, intestines, as well as their body cavities as adult and larval stages. D. mujibii is characterized by an elongated body with a length of 36.4 ± 3 (23-38) mm (female) and 20 ± 3.0 (17-24) mm (males); the head is provided with three prominent lips each with four teeth like structures and the apical lip is embossed with a regular zigzag pattern as revealed by SEM. Interlabia were present, with prominent grooves. Juvenile stage is smaller than adults and provided with a spiny mucron. H. aduncum was small, measured 22.5 ± 2.0 (20.0-24.3) mm in length (female) and 16.3 ± 2.0 (14.5-17.4) mm (male). The head region bears three large lips which were clearly separated from each other, with the apical one having two rounded ends and the space between the two adjacent lips occupied by very prominent interlabia. The present study represents new host and locality records from P. Pagrus fish in Egypt.
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Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics of a new isolate of Pleistophora pagri sp. nov. (Microsporidia, Pleistophoridae) from Pagrus Pagrus in Egypt
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Rewaida Abdel-gaberAbstract:The spore morphology and molecular systematic of a new microsporidian which was isolated from the common sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae Linnaeus, 1758) from the Red Sea, Egypt have been studied. Fifty-six out of 300 (18.7 %) of this fish were infected with microsporidian parasites. The infection was appeared as whitish, ellipsoid, round, or elongated nodules embedded in the epithelial lining of the peritoneum and also in the intestinal epithelium. Light microscopic study revealed that nodules were encapsulated by a fibrous layer encircling numerous mature spores measuring 1.7 ± 0.6 (1.5–2.7 μm) × 1.5 ± 0.3 μm (1.2–1.8 μm) in size. Ultrastructure of spores was characteristic for the genus Pleistophora : dimorphic, uninucleate spores (each spore possesses three to five polar filament coils) and a posterior vacuole. Also, the early recognizable stages of the parasite within nodules include uninucleated, binucleated, and multinucleated meronts followed by detachment of the plasmalemma of the sporont producing sporoblasts which mature to spores that consist of a spore coat and spore contents. Also, we analyzed the small subunit ribosomal gene (SSUrDNA) using PCR and sequencing specimens from the marine populations of P. Pagrus fish from the Red Sea. From blast searches, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis, we did not find corresponding GenBank entries to our species. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences showed that the sequence of our microsporidium was most similar to five Pleistophora species with degrees of identity (>91.5 %). It was most similar (97.8 % identity) to that of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis (account no. GU126672) differing in 19 nucleotide positions and with lower divergence value, Pleistophora ovariae (96.2 % identity, account no. AJ252955), Pleistophora hippoglossoideos (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252953), Pleistophora mulleri (91.9 % identity, account no. EF119339), and Pleistophora typicalis (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252956). So, they likely represent new species named Pleistophora pagri sp. n. with accession number JF797622 and a GC content of 53 %.
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Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics of a new isolate of Pleistophora pagri sp. nov. (Microsporidia, Pleistophoridae) from Pagrus Pagrus in Egypt.
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Rewaida Abdel-gaberAbstract:The spore morphology and molecular systematic of a new microsporidian which was isolated from the common sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae Linnaeus, 1758) from the Red Sea, Egypt have been studied. Fifty-six out of 300 (18.7 %) of this fish were infected with microsporidian parasites. The infection was appeared as whitish, ellipsoid, round, or elongated nodules embedded in the epithelial lining of the peritoneum and also in the intestinal epithelium. Light microscopic study revealed that nodules were encapsulated by a fibrous layer encircling numerous mature spores measuring 1.7 ± 0.6 (1.5–2.7 μm) × 1.5 ± 0.3 μm (1.2–1.8 μm) in size. Ultrastructure of spores was characteristic for the genus Pleistophora: dimorphic, uninucleate spores (each spore possesses three to five polar filament coils) and a posterior vacuole. Also, the early recognizable stages of the parasite within nodules include uninucleated, binucleated, and multinucleated meronts followed by detachment of the plasmalemma of the sporont producing sporoblasts which mature to spores that consist of a spore coat and spore contents. Also, we analyzed the small subunit ribosomal gene (SSUrDNA) using PCR and sequencing specimens from the marine populations of P. Pagrus fish from the Red Sea. From blast searches, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis, we did not find corresponding GenBank entries to our species. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences showed that the sequence of our microsporidium was most similar to five Pleistophora species with degrees of identity (>91.5 %). It was most similar (97.8 % identity) to that of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis (account no. GU126672) differing in 19 nucleotide positions and with lower divergence value, Pleistophora ovariae (96.2 % identity, account no. AJ252955), Pleistophora hippoglossoideos (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252953), Pleistophora mulleri (91.9 % identity, account no. EF119339), and Pleistophora typicalis (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252956). So, they likely represent new species named Pleistophora pagri sp. n. with accession number JF797622 and a GC content of 53 %.
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Microsporidian parasites: a danger facing marine fishes of the Red Sea
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: F. Abdel Ghaffar, A.-r. Bashtar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Khaled Al-rasheid, Kareem MorsyAbstract:Out of 600 marine fish from the Red Sea belonging to three different species that were collected and examined for microsporidian parasites, 87 (14.5%) fish were found to be infected. The infection was recorded as cysts or xenomas embedded in the gut epithelium and the peritoneal cavity of the three fish species. The highest percent of infection with microsporidian parasites was recorded in Saurida tumbil 19.5% (39/200) followed by Pagrus Pagrus 15% (45/300) and the lowest percent of infection was recorded in Epinephelus chlorostigma 3% (three out of 100). After rupture of the cysts, the spores were released and examined by light microscopy. Each spore was elongated to ellipsoidal in shape and possessed a posterior vacuole which is characteristic to phylum Microspora. They measure 1.6 ± 0.5 μm (1.5–2.4 μm) × 1.3 ± 0.1 μm (1.3–2.0 μm) in Saurida tumbil and Pagrus Pagrus , respectively. The spores of Pleistophora sp recorded from E. chlorostigma were ovoid to pyriform in shape and measure 1.9 ± 0.5 μm (1.8–2.7 μm) × 1.6 ± 0.4 μm (1.5–2.4 μm).
M. Kentouri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gonadal changes and blood sex steroids levels during natural sex inversion in the protogynous Mediterranean red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus (Teleostei: Sparidae)
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2006Co-Authors: L. Kokokiris, Alexis Fostier, F. Athanassopoulou, Dimitris Petridis, M. KentouriAbstract:Changes in gonadal structure and serum levels of sex steroids were investigated during natural sex inversion from female to male in reared populations of the protogynous Mediterranean red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus. Four developmental phases were identified by histological observation: female, early transitional (ETr), late transitional (LTr), and male phases. At female phase, a few nests of spermatogonia were observed at the posterior-ventral part of the gonad mainly in females out of the breeding season. At ETr phase, spermatogonial proliferation occurred while perinucleolar oocytes showed signs of degeneration. At LTr phase, seminiferous lobules were formed and spermatogonial proliferation expanded along the ovary which degenerated. All types of male germ cells could be found. At male phase, functional testis underwent active spermatogenesis while small ovarian remnants associated to fat tissue could be detected. Both 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) blood levels were significantly lower in fish at transitional and male phases in comparison to breeding females, while levels of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) gradually increased in the transitional and male phases. In conclusion, the protogynous P. Pagrus possess a delimited type bisexual gonad with a medio-dorsal ovarian area and a latero-ventral testicular zone. Sex inversion starts mainly after the female breeding season with an active spermatogonial proliferation. The testis tissues develop while ovarian tissues regress to disappear completely in the functional male. This process is accompanied by a sharp decrease of estrogens levels and a progressive increase of androgens levels. The physiological significance of such endocrine changes is discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Seasonal cycle of gonadal development and serum levels of vitellogenin of the red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus (Teleostei: Sparidae)
Marine Biology, 2001Co-Authors: L. Kokokiris, M. Kentouri, F. Menn, M. Kagara, Alexis FostierAbstract:Histological examination of gonads of female and male red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus, reared in captivity, was carried out in order to describe the main gonadal changes related to gametogenesis and the seasonal changes of environmental factors. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) and the concentration of serum vitellogenin (VTG) were also determined. The frequency distribution of gonad development stages and the GSI and vitellogenin concentration during the annual cycle indicated the separation of the female and male reproductive cycles into three main periods. The autumn period when gametogenesis begins (October–November), the period of exogenous vitellogenesis (December–March) or spermiation (December–March), and the spawning season (March–May). The spawning period coincided with an increase in temperature (15–19°C) and daylength. Serum levels of vitellogenin rose significantly in January, reached a peak at the beginning of the spawning period (March, 405.5 µg ml–1) and remained high until the end of the spawning period (May).
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Morphometric characters in gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus and their hybrids (Sparidae)
Italian Journal of Zoology, 1998Co-Authors: Jorge Palma, José P. Andrade, Michailis Paspatis, Pascal Divanach, M. KentouriAbstract:A morphometric comparison was made between Sparus aurata (n = 88), Pagrus Pagrus (n = 38) and their hybrid S. aurata (female) x P. Pagrus (male) (n = 81) using 15 morphometric characteristics. The morphometric characteristics of the hybrids were generally intermediate to those of the parental species. However, characteristics related to the body shape (6) were more similar to 5. aurata and those characters related to the head shape (9) were more similar to P. Pagrus.
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Fatty acids in muscle of wild and farmed red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus
Aquaculture Nutrition, 1997Co-Authors: F.m. Rueda, P. Divanach, F.j. Martínez, J. A. López, Salvador Zamora, M. KentouriAbstract:The total fat content and the fatty acids of total lipids (TL), phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols (TAG) were analysed in white muscle from wild and reared red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus (L.). The fat percentage was higher in reared (3.03 ± 0.57%) (mean ± SE) than wild (0.65 ± 0.03%) fish. The fatty acid pattern of reared porgy TL reflected the diet's lipid. Wild red porgy showed higher levels of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than reared, but both the atherogenic index and the index of thrombogenicity were very low for both wild and reared red porgy. The lipid fractions showed that the PL were composed of very high levels of PUFA, especially 22:6ω3, and their composition seemed to be better regulated than the composition of TAG. TAG showed greater differences between wild and reared fish, presumably because they reflected the dietary content of lipids. PUFA were the principal component of wild red porgy TAG.
F. Abdel Ghaffar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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First identification of four trypanorhynchid cestodes: Callitetrarhynchus speciouses, Pseudogrillotia sp. (Lacistorhynchidae), Kotorella pronosoma and Nybelinia bisulcata (Tentaculariidae) from Sparidae and Mullidae fish
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Saleh Quraishy, Ali Ghamdi, Nesma MostafaAbstract:Four previously unrecognized trypanorhynchids are described based on fish specimens from Sparidae and Mullidae host fish of the Red Sea. From September 2010 to June 2011, 66 specimens of the sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae) and 43 of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (F: Mullidae) were purchased from markets in the Suez and Hurghada cities of the Red Sea. The fishes were measured, and their organs investigated for helminth infections. Forty-one (37.6 %) out of the 109 fish specimens investigated were parasitized with Trypanorhyncha metacestodes, identified as Callitetrarhynchus speciouses Linton 1897, Pseudogrillotia sp. Dollfus 1969 , Kotorella pronosoma Stossich 1901 from P . Pagrus , and Nybelinia bisulcata Linton 1889 from M . barbatus in the mesentery and peritoneal cavity, with prevalences of 16.5, 11.0, 6.0, and 12.0 %. All of these larval stages were encapsulated larvae in blastocysts. C . speciouses is characterized by an elongated scolex, two bothria, a long postbulbosa, and four elongated bulbs. Pseudogrillotia sp. possesses a scolex with two lateral patelliform bothridia; posterior margins are free, not notched. A long sheath was observed, which was irregularly coiled when tentacles invaginated. N . bisulcata possesses an acraspedote scolex with four bothridia, which are broad, bean-shaped. The tentacles are spirally coiled, supplied with hooks with abruptly turned points. The four tentacles sheaths rose from scolex as two anterior (front) and two posterior (back) which overlap at the apices of bulbs. K . pronosoma is characterized by a short body with a craspedote scolex and four bothridia. The tentacles are short and emerge pairwise. The presence of Trypanorhyncha metacestodes in the muscles does not represent a risk of infection for humans. They have a negative effect on fish esthetics. The repugnant aspect and the prohibition for commercial use by sanitary inspectors, however, cause consumer rejection. Parasites of the order Trypanorhyncha have been recorded in these host fishes for the first time.
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New host and locality records of two nematode parasites Dujardinnascaris mujibii (Heterocheilidae) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae) from the common seabream Pagrus Pagrus : a light and scanning electron microscopic study
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Nesma MostafaAbstract:In the present study, the morphology and morphometric characterization of Dujardinnascaris mujibii (Heterocheilidae) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae), new nematode parasites infecting the sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (Osteichthyes, Sparidae), were described for the first time from the Gulf of Suez and Hurghada City of the Red Sea, Egypt. Ninety-eight (70 %) and 62 (44.2 %) out of 140 of the examined fish were naturally infected with these nematodes, respectively. The infection was investigated macroscopically by the occurrence of these parasites in the flesh, stomach, intestines, as well as their body cavities as adult and larval stages. D. mujibii is characterized by an elongated body with a length of 36.4 ± 3 (23-38) mm (female) and 20 ± 3.0 (17-24) mm (males); the head is provided with three prominent lips each with four teeth like structures and the apical lip is embossed with a regular zigzag pattern as revealed by SEM. Interlabia were present, with prominent grooves. Juvenile stage is smaller than adults and provided with a spiny mucron. H. aduncum was small, measured 22.5 ± 2.0 (20.0-24.3) mm in length (female) and 16.3 ± 2.0 (14.5-17.4) mm (male). The head region bears three large lips which were clearly separated from each other, with the apical one having two rounded ends and the space between the two adjacent lips occupied by very prominent interlabia. The present study represents new host and locality records from P. Pagrus fish in Egypt.
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Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics of a new isolate of Pleistophora pagri sp. nov. (Microsporidia, Pleistophoridae) from Pagrus Pagrus in Egypt
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Rewaida Abdel-gaberAbstract:The spore morphology and molecular systematic of a new microsporidian which was isolated from the common sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae Linnaeus, 1758) from the Red Sea, Egypt have been studied. Fifty-six out of 300 (18.7 %) of this fish were infected with microsporidian parasites. The infection was appeared as whitish, ellipsoid, round, or elongated nodules embedded in the epithelial lining of the peritoneum and also in the intestinal epithelium. Light microscopic study revealed that nodules were encapsulated by a fibrous layer encircling numerous mature spores measuring 1.7 ± 0.6 (1.5–2.7 μm) × 1.5 ± 0.3 μm (1.2–1.8 μm) in size. Ultrastructure of spores was characteristic for the genus Pleistophora : dimorphic, uninucleate spores (each spore possesses three to five polar filament coils) and a posterior vacuole. Also, the early recognizable stages of the parasite within nodules include uninucleated, binucleated, and multinucleated meronts followed by detachment of the plasmalemma of the sporont producing sporoblasts which mature to spores that consist of a spore coat and spore contents. Also, we analyzed the small subunit ribosomal gene (SSUrDNA) using PCR and sequencing specimens from the marine populations of P. Pagrus fish from the Red Sea. From blast searches, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis, we did not find corresponding GenBank entries to our species. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences showed that the sequence of our microsporidium was most similar to five Pleistophora species with degrees of identity (>91.5 %). It was most similar (97.8 % identity) to that of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis (account no. GU126672) differing in 19 nucleotide positions and with lower divergence value, Pleistophora ovariae (96.2 % identity, account no. AJ252955), Pleistophora hippoglossoideos (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252953), Pleistophora mulleri (91.9 % identity, account no. EF119339), and Pleistophora typicalis (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252956). So, they likely represent new species named Pleistophora pagri sp. n. with accession number JF797622 and a GC content of 53 %.
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Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics of a new isolate of Pleistophora pagri sp. nov. (Microsporidia, Pleistophoridae) from Pagrus Pagrus in Egypt.
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Rewaida Abdel-gaberAbstract:The spore morphology and molecular systematic of a new microsporidian which was isolated from the common sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae Linnaeus, 1758) from the Red Sea, Egypt have been studied. Fifty-six out of 300 (18.7 %) of this fish were infected with microsporidian parasites. The infection was appeared as whitish, ellipsoid, round, or elongated nodules embedded in the epithelial lining of the peritoneum and also in the intestinal epithelium. Light microscopic study revealed that nodules were encapsulated by a fibrous layer encircling numerous mature spores measuring 1.7 ± 0.6 (1.5–2.7 μm) × 1.5 ± 0.3 μm (1.2–1.8 μm) in size. Ultrastructure of spores was characteristic for the genus Pleistophora: dimorphic, uninucleate spores (each spore possesses three to five polar filament coils) and a posterior vacuole. Also, the early recognizable stages of the parasite within nodules include uninucleated, binucleated, and multinucleated meronts followed by detachment of the plasmalemma of the sporont producing sporoblasts which mature to spores that consist of a spore coat and spore contents. Also, we analyzed the small subunit ribosomal gene (SSUrDNA) using PCR and sequencing specimens from the marine populations of P. Pagrus fish from the Red Sea. From blast searches, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis, we did not find corresponding GenBank entries to our species. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences showed that the sequence of our microsporidium was most similar to five Pleistophora species with degrees of identity (>91.5 %). It was most similar (97.8 % identity) to that of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis (account no. GU126672) differing in 19 nucleotide positions and with lower divergence value, Pleistophora ovariae (96.2 % identity, account no. AJ252955), Pleistophora hippoglossoideos (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252953), Pleistophora mulleri (91.9 % identity, account no. EF119339), and Pleistophora typicalis (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252956). So, they likely represent new species named Pleistophora pagri sp. n. with accession number JF797622 and a GC content of 53 %.
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Microsporidian parasites: a danger facing marine fishes of the Red Sea
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: F. Abdel Ghaffar, A.-r. Bashtar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Khaled Al-rasheid, Kareem MorsyAbstract:Out of 600 marine fish from the Red Sea belonging to three different species that were collected and examined for microsporidian parasites, 87 (14.5%) fish were found to be infected. The infection was recorded as cysts or xenomas embedded in the gut epithelium and the peritoneal cavity of the three fish species. The highest percent of infection with microsporidian parasites was recorded in Saurida tumbil 19.5% (39/200) followed by Pagrus Pagrus 15% (45/300) and the lowest percent of infection was recorded in Epinephelus chlorostigma 3% (three out of 100). After rupture of the cysts, the spores were released and examined by light microscopy. Each spore was elongated to ellipsoidal in shape and possessed a posterior vacuole which is characteristic to phylum Microspora. They measure 1.6 ± 0.5 μm (1.5–2.4 μm) × 1.3 ± 0.1 μm (1.3–2.0 μm) in Saurida tumbil and Pagrus Pagrus , respectively. The spores of Pleistophora sp recorded from E. chlorostigma were ovoid to pyriform in shape and measure 1.9 ± 0.5 μm (1.8–2.7 μm) × 1.6 ± 0.4 μm (1.5–2.4 μm).
A.-r. Bashtar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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First identification of four trypanorhynchid cestodes: Callitetrarhynchus speciouses, Pseudogrillotia sp. (Lacistorhynchidae), Kotorella pronosoma and Nybelinia bisulcata (Tentaculariidae) from Sparidae and Mullidae fish
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Saleh Quraishy, Ali Ghamdi, Nesma MostafaAbstract:Four previously unrecognized trypanorhynchids are described based on fish specimens from Sparidae and Mullidae host fish of the Red Sea. From September 2010 to June 2011, 66 specimens of the sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae) and 43 of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (F: Mullidae) were purchased from markets in the Suez and Hurghada cities of the Red Sea. The fishes were measured, and their organs investigated for helminth infections. Forty-one (37.6 %) out of the 109 fish specimens investigated were parasitized with Trypanorhyncha metacestodes, identified as Callitetrarhynchus speciouses Linton 1897, Pseudogrillotia sp. Dollfus 1969 , Kotorella pronosoma Stossich 1901 from P . Pagrus , and Nybelinia bisulcata Linton 1889 from M . barbatus in the mesentery and peritoneal cavity, with prevalences of 16.5, 11.0, 6.0, and 12.0 %. All of these larval stages were encapsulated larvae in blastocysts. C . speciouses is characterized by an elongated scolex, two bothria, a long postbulbosa, and four elongated bulbs. Pseudogrillotia sp. possesses a scolex with two lateral patelliform bothridia; posterior margins are free, not notched. A long sheath was observed, which was irregularly coiled when tentacles invaginated. N . bisulcata possesses an acraspedote scolex with four bothridia, which are broad, bean-shaped. The tentacles are spirally coiled, supplied with hooks with abruptly turned points. The four tentacles sheaths rose from scolex as two anterior (front) and two posterior (back) which overlap at the apices of bulbs. K . pronosoma is characterized by a short body with a craspedote scolex and four bothridia. The tentacles are short and emerge pairwise. The presence of Trypanorhyncha metacestodes in the muscles does not represent a risk of infection for humans. They have a negative effect on fish esthetics. The repugnant aspect and the prohibition for commercial use by sanitary inspectors, however, cause consumer rejection. Parasites of the order Trypanorhyncha have been recorded in these host fishes for the first time.
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New host and locality records of two nematode parasites Dujardinnascaris mujibii (Heterocheilidae) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae) from the common seabream Pagrus Pagrus : a light and scanning electron microscopic study
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Nesma MostafaAbstract:In the present study, the morphology and morphometric characterization of Dujardinnascaris mujibii (Heterocheilidae) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae), new nematode parasites infecting the sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (Osteichthyes, Sparidae), were described for the first time from the Gulf of Suez and Hurghada City of the Red Sea, Egypt. Ninety-eight (70 %) and 62 (44.2 %) out of 140 of the examined fish were naturally infected with these nematodes, respectively. The infection was investigated macroscopically by the occurrence of these parasites in the flesh, stomach, intestines, as well as their body cavities as adult and larval stages. D. mujibii is characterized by an elongated body with a length of 36.4 ± 3 (23-38) mm (female) and 20 ± 3.0 (17-24) mm (males); the head is provided with three prominent lips each with four teeth like structures and the apical lip is embossed with a regular zigzag pattern as revealed by SEM. Interlabia were present, with prominent grooves. Juvenile stage is smaller than adults and provided with a spiny mucron. H. aduncum was small, measured 22.5 ± 2.0 (20.0-24.3) mm in length (female) and 16.3 ± 2.0 (14.5-17.4) mm (male). The head region bears three large lips which were clearly separated from each other, with the apical one having two rounded ends and the space between the two adjacent lips occupied by very prominent interlabia. The present study represents new host and locality records from P. Pagrus fish in Egypt.
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Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics of a new isolate of Pleistophora pagri sp. nov. (Microsporidia, Pleistophoridae) from Pagrus Pagrus in Egypt
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Rewaida Abdel-gaberAbstract:The spore morphology and molecular systematic of a new microsporidian which was isolated from the common sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae Linnaeus, 1758) from the Red Sea, Egypt have been studied. Fifty-six out of 300 (18.7 %) of this fish were infected with microsporidian parasites. The infection was appeared as whitish, ellipsoid, round, or elongated nodules embedded in the epithelial lining of the peritoneum and also in the intestinal epithelium. Light microscopic study revealed that nodules were encapsulated by a fibrous layer encircling numerous mature spores measuring 1.7 ± 0.6 (1.5–2.7 μm) × 1.5 ± 0.3 μm (1.2–1.8 μm) in size. Ultrastructure of spores was characteristic for the genus Pleistophora : dimorphic, uninucleate spores (each spore possesses three to five polar filament coils) and a posterior vacuole. Also, the early recognizable stages of the parasite within nodules include uninucleated, binucleated, and multinucleated meronts followed by detachment of the plasmalemma of the sporont producing sporoblasts which mature to spores that consist of a spore coat and spore contents. Also, we analyzed the small subunit ribosomal gene (SSUrDNA) using PCR and sequencing specimens from the marine populations of P. Pagrus fish from the Red Sea. From blast searches, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis, we did not find corresponding GenBank entries to our species. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences showed that the sequence of our microsporidium was most similar to five Pleistophora species with degrees of identity (>91.5 %). It was most similar (97.8 % identity) to that of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis (account no. GU126672) differing in 19 nucleotide positions and with lower divergence value, Pleistophora ovariae (96.2 % identity, account no. AJ252955), Pleistophora hippoglossoideos (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252953), Pleistophora mulleri (91.9 % identity, account no. EF119339), and Pleistophora typicalis (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252956). So, they likely represent new species named Pleistophora pagri sp. n. with accession number JF797622 and a GC content of 53 %.
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Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics of a new isolate of Pleistophora pagri sp. nov. (Microsporidia, Pleistophoridae) from Pagrus Pagrus in Egypt.
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Kareem Morsy, A.-r. Bashtar, F. Abdel Ghaffar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Rewaida Abdel-gaberAbstract:The spore morphology and molecular systematic of a new microsporidian which was isolated from the common sea bream Pagrus Pagrus (F: Sparidae Linnaeus, 1758) from the Red Sea, Egypt have been studied. Fifty-six out of 300 (18.7 %) of this fish were infected with microsporidian parasites. The infection was appeared as whitish, ellipsoid, round, or elongated nodules embedded in the epithelial lining of the peritoneum and also in the intestinal epithelium. Light microscopic study revealed that nodules were encapsulated by a fibrous layer encircling numerous mature spores measuring 1.7 ± 0.6 (1.5–2.7 μm) × 1.5 ± 0.3 μm (1.2–1.8 μm) in size. Ultrastructure of spores was characteristic for the genus Pleistophora: dimorphic, uninucleate spores (each spore possesses three to five polar filament coils) and a posterior vacuole. Also, the early recognizable stages of the parasite within nodules include uninucleated, binucleated, and multinucleated meronts followed by detachment of the plasmalemma of the sporont producing sporoblasts which mature to spores that consist of a spore coat and spore contents. Also, we analyzed the small subunit ribosomal gene (SSUrDNA) using PCR and sequencing specimens from the marine populations of P. Pagrus fish from the Red Sea. From blast searches, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis, we did not find corresponding GenBank entries to our species. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences showed that the sequence of our microsporidium was most similar to five Pleistophora species with degrees of identity (>91.5 %). It was most similar (97.8 % identity) to that of Pleistophora hyphessobryconis (account no. GU126672) differing in 19 nucleotide positions and with lower divergence value, Pleistophora ovariae (96.2 % identity, account no. AJ252955), Pleistophora hippoglossoideos (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252953), Pleistophora mulleri (91.9 % identity, account no. EF119339), and Pleistophora typicalis (91.9 % identity, account no. AJ252956). So, they likely represent new species named Pleistophora pagri sp. n. with accession number JF797622 and a GC content of 53 %.
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Microsporidian parasites: a danger facing marine fishes of the Red Sea
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: F. Abdel Ghaffar, A.-r. Bashtar, Heinz Mehlhorn, Khaled Al-rasheid, Kareem MorsyAbstract:Out of 600 marine fish from the Red Sea belonging to three different species that were collected and examined for microsporidian parasites, 87 (14.5%) fish were found to be infected. The infection was recorded as cysts or xenomas embedded in the gut epithelium and the peritoneal cavity of the three fish species. The highest percent of infection with microsporidian parasites was recorded in Saurida tumbil 19.5% (39/200) followed by Pagrus Pagrus 15% (45/300) and the lowest percent of infection was recorded in Epinephelus chlorostigma 3% (three out of 100). After rupture of the cysts, the spores were released and examined by light microscopy. Each spore was elongated to ellipsoidal in shape and possessed a posterior vacuole which is characteristic to phylum Microspora. They measure 1.6 ± 0.5 μm (1.5–2.4 μm) × 1.3 ± 0.1 μm (1.3–2.0 μm) in Saurida tumbil and Pagrus Pagrus , respectively. The spores of Pleistophora sp recorded from E. chlorostigma were ovoid to pyriform in shape and measure 1.9 ± 0.5 μm (1.8–2.7 μm) × 1.6 ± 0.4 μm (1.5–2.4 μm).
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Gonadal changes and blood sex steroids levels during natural sex inversion in the protogynous Mediterranean red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus (Teleostei: Sparidae).
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2006Co-Authors: L. Kokokiris, Alexis Fostier, F. Athanassopoulou, Dimitris Petridis, Maroudio KentouriAbstract:Changes in gonadal structure and serum levels of sex steroids were investigated during natural sex inversion from female to male in reared populations of the protogynous Mediterranean red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus. Four developmental phases were identified by histological observation: female, early transitional (ETr), late transitional (LTr), and male phases. At female phase, a few nests of spermatogonia were observed at the posterior-ventral part of the gonad mainly in females out of the breeding season. At ETr phase, spermatogonial proliferation occurred while perinucleolar oocytes showed signs of degeneration. At LTr phase, seminiferous lobules were formed and spermatogonial proliferation expanded along the ovary which degenerated. All types of male germ cells could be found. At male phase, functional testis underwent active spermatogenesis while small ovarian remnants associated to fat tissue could be detected. Both 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) blood levels were significantly lower in fish at transitional and male phases in comparison to breeding females, while levels of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) gradually increased in the transitional and male phases. In conclusion, the protogynous P. Pagrus possess a delimited type bisexual gonad with a medio-dorsal ovarian area and a latero-ventral testicular zone. Sex inversion starts mainly after the female breeding season with an active spermatogonial proliferation. The testis tissues develop while ovarian tissues regress to disappear completely in the functional male. This process is accompanied by a sharp decrease of estrogens levels and a progressive increase of androgens levels. The physiological significance of such endocrine changes is discussed.
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Gonadal changes and blood sex steroids levels during natural sex inversion in the protogynous Mediterranean red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus (Teleostei: Sparidae)
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2006Co-Authors: L. Kokokiris, Alexis Fostier, F. Athanassopoulou, Dimitris Petridis, M. KentouriAbstract:Changes in gonadal structure and serum levels of sex steroids were investigated during natural sex inversion from female to male in reared populations of the protogynous Mediterranean red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus. Four developmental phases were identified by histological observation: female, early transitional (ETr), late transitional (LTr), and male phases. At female phase, a few nests of spermatogonia were observed at the posterior-ventral part of the gonad mainly in females out of the breeding season. At ETr phase, spermatogonial proliferation occurred while perinucleolar oocytes showed signs of degeneration. At LTr phase, seminiferous lobules were formed and spermatogonial proliferation expanded along the ovary which degenerated. All types of male germ cells could be found. At male phase, functional testis underwent active spermatogenesis while small ovarian remnants associated to fat tissue could be detected. Both 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) blood levels were significantly lower in fish at transitional and male phases in comparison to breeding females, while levels of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) gradually increased in the transitional and male phases. In conclusion, the protogynous P. Pagrus possess a delimited type bisexual gonad with a medio-dorsal ovarian area and a latero-ventral testicular zone. Sex inversion starts mainly after the female breeding season with an active spermatogonial proliferation. The testis tissues develop while ovarian tissues regress to disappear completely in the functional male. This process is accompanied by a sharp decrease of estrogens levels and a progressive increase of androgens levels. The physiological significance of such endocrine changes is discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Seasonal cycle of gonadal development and serum levels of vitellogenin of the red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus (Teleostei: Sparidae)
Marine Biology, 2001Co-Authors: L. Kokokiris, M. Kentouri, F. Menn, M. Kagara, Alexis FostierAbstract:Histological examination of gonads of female and male red porgy, Pagrus Pagrus, reared in captivity, was carried out in order to describe the main gonadal changes related to gametogenesis and the seasonal changes of environmental factors. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) and the concentration of serum vitellogenin (VTG) were also determined. The frequency distribution of gonad development stages and the GSI and vitellogenin concentration during the annual cycle indicated the separation of the female and male reproductive cycles into three main periods. The autumn period when gametogenesis begins (October–November), the period of exogenous vitellogenesis (December–March) or spermiation (December–March), and the spawning season (March–May). The spawning period coincided with an increase in temperature (15–19°C) and daylength. Serum levels of vitellogenin rose significantly in January, reached a peak at the beginning of the spawning period (March, 405.5 µg ml–1) and remained high until the end of the spawning period (May).
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Sexual maturity and hermaphroditism of the red porgy Pagrus Pagrus (Teleostei : Sparidae)
Marine Biology, 1999Co-Authors: L. Kokokiris, S. Bruslé, Maroudio Kentouri, A. FostierAbstract:Gonadal changes related to sexual maturity were examined by histology in reared populations of the red porgy Pagrus Pagrus L., aged 0.5 to 6.5 years. More than 50% of red porgies were mature at the age of 4 years although some individuals were already mature at the age of 3, as indicated by changes in the gonadosomatic index, plasma levels of vitellogenin, 17β-estradiol and testosterone in females and males. Sex frequency distribution analysis in relation to the age and histological analysis of the gonads indicated the presence of males originated from the sex change of adult functional females. P. Pagrus is a protogynous species. Some females had not changed sex up to the age of 6.5 years.
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Ring formation on otoliths and scales of Pagrus Pagrus: a comparative study
Journal of Fish Biology, 1998Co-Authors: Athanassios Machias, L. Kokokiris, N. Tsimenides, P. DivanachAbstract:One annulus formed on the scales of farmed red porgy Pagrus Pagrus each year during March and one opaque zone on the otoliths during June. Scales proved to be more sensitive than otoliths in recording the life history of the red porgy. A false annulus (ring of capture) was observed on the scales of the 0+ age group, but not on the otoliths. A gradual lengthening of the period of annulus formation was observed, from the younger to the older fish. The annulus formation in fish older than 2+ was less synchronized, due to the aquaculture conditions. Scales were more accurate than otoliths in annuli formation. A high percentage of missing or additional opaque zones were observed on otoliths of older fish. These irregularities were related to fish maturation and/or farming conditions. Farmed fish grew three times as fast as the wild fish.
