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A Brancatisano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soft Palate Muscle responses to negative upper airway pressure
Journal of Applied Physiology, 1999Co-Authors: Terence C Amis, N Oneill, John R Wheatley, T Van Der Touw, E Di Somma, A BrancatisanoAbstract:The afferent pathways and upper airway receptor locations involved in negative upper airway pressure (NUAP) augmentation of soft Palate Muscle activity have not been defined. We studied the electro...
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Influence of upper airway pressure oscillations on soft Palate Muscle electromyographic activity
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1996Co-Authors: A Brancatisano, T Van Der Touw, N. O'neill, Terence C AmisAbstract:Snoring is characterized by high-frequency (30-50 Hz) pressure oscillations (HFPO) in the upper airway (UA). The soft Palate is a major oscillating structure during snoring, and soft Palate Muscle ...
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Soft Palate Muscle activity in response to hypoxic hypercapnia.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1994Co-Authors: T Van Der Touw, Terence C Amis, John R Wheatley, N. O'neill, A BrancatisanoAbstract:We studied the effects of increasing respiratory drive on electromyographic (EMG) soft Palate Muscle (SPM) activity in nine anesthetized tracheostomy-breathing dogs during hypoxic hypercapnia (HH) with a 14% O2–8% CO2–78% N2 inspired gas mixture. Moving time average EMG activity was recorded from palatinus (PAL), levator veli palatini (LP), and tensor veli palatini (TP) Muscles (with bipolar fine-wire electrodes) and diaphragm (DIA; with bipolar hook electrodes). During HH, peak inspiratory DIA activity increased from 18.8 +/- 1.3 to 30.1 +/- 2.0 arbitrary units and minute ventilation increased from 6.2 +/- 0.3 to 18.3 +/- 1.8 l/min (both P < 0.001). Phasic inspiratory, expiratory, and/or tonic EMG activity was present in each SPM during room air breathing (control) and increased during HH (P < 0.05), except for phasic inspiratory PAL and phasic expiratory TP activities. Peak inspiratory LP and TP activities increased during HH to 250 and 179% of control, respectively, and peak expiratory activity increased to 187, 235, and 181% of control in PAL, LP, and TP, respectively. These findings demonstrate respiratory-related regulation of SPM activity independent of local reflex control from the upper airway. However, the combined inspiratory and expiratory phasic recruitment of these Muscles differs from the inspiratory recruitment of known upper airway dilator Muscles.
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Respiratory-related activity of soft Palate Muscles: augmentation by negative upper airway pressure
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1994Co-Authors: T Van Der Touw, Terence C Amis, John R Wheatley, A Brancatisano, N. O'neill, L. A. EngelAbstract:We studied respiratory-related activity of the soft Palate Muscles in 10 anesthetized tracheostomized supine dogs. Moving time average (MTA) electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured in the palatinus (PAL), levator veli palatini (LP), and tensor veli palatini (TP) with bipolar fine-wire electrodes and in the diaphragm with bipolar hook electrodes. Measurements were made during tracheostomy breathing and nasal breathing with the mouth sealed (NB). During tracheostomy breathing, all soft Palate Muscles displayed respiratory-related phasic inspiratory and expiratory as well as tonic EMG activity. During NB, peak inspiratory EMG activity increased in PAL, LP, and TP because of an increase in both phasic inspiratory and tonic MTA activity. In contrast, phasic expiratory activity did not change. A constant negative pressure equal to peak inspiratory tracheal pressure during NB was applied to the caudal end of the isolated upper airway with the nose occluded. This was associated with soft Palate Muscle responses qualitatively similar to the responses during NB but accounted for only 39, 25, and 32% of the magnitude of the peak inspiratory MTA EMG responses to NB in PAL, LP, and TP, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the soft Palate Muscles exhibit respiratory-related activity in common with other upper airway Muscles. Furthermore, such activity is augmented in each soft Palate Muscle during NB, and negative upper airway pressure makes a substantial contribution to the recruitment of soft Palate Muscle activity.
Terence C Amis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soft Palate Muscle responses to negative upper airway pressure
Journal of Applied Physiology, 1999Co-Authors: Terence C Amis, N Oneill, John R Wheatley, T Van Der Touw, E Di Somma, A BrancatisanoAbstract:The afferent pathways and upper airway receptor locations involved in negative upper airway pressure (NUAP) augmentation of soft Palate Muscle activity have not been defined. We studied the electro...
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Influence of upper airway pressure oscillations on soft Palate Muscle electromyographic activity
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1996Co-Authors: A Brancatisano, T Van Der Touw, N. O'neill, Terence C AmisAbstract:Snoring is characterized by high-frequency (30-50 Hz) pressure oscillations (HFPO) in the upper airway (UA). The soft Palate is a major oscillating structure during snoring, and soft Palate Muscle ...
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Soft Palate Muscle activity in response to hypoxic hypercapnia.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1994Co-Authors: T Van Der Touw, Terence C Amis, John R Wheatley, N. O'neill, A BrancatisanoAbstract:We studied the effects of increasing respiratory drive on electromyographic (EMG) soft Palate Muscle (SPM) activity in nine anesthetized tracheostomy-breathing dogs during hypoxic hypercapnia (HH) with a 14% O2–8% CO2–78% N2 inspired gas mixture. Moving time average EMG activity was recorded from palatinus (PAL), levator veli palatini (LP), and tensor veli palatini (TP) Muscles (with bipolar fine-wire electrodes) and diaphragm (DIA; with bipolar hook electrodes). During HH, peak inspiratory DIA activity increased from 18.8 +/- 1.3 to 30.1 +/- 2.0 arbitrary units and minute ventilation increased from 6.2 +/- 0.3 to 18.3 +/- 1.8 l/min (both P < 0.001). Phasic inspiratory, expiratory, and/or tonic EMG activity was present in each SPM during room air breathing (control) and increased during HH (P < 0.05), except for phasic inspiratory PAL and phasic expiratory TP activities. Peak inspiratory LP and TP activities increased during HH to 250 and 179% of control, respectively, and peak expiratory activity increased to 187, 235, and 181% of control in PAL, LP, and TP, respectively. These findings demonstrate respiratory-related regulation of SPM activity independent of local reflex control from the upper airway. However, the combined inspiratory and expiratory phasic recruitment of these Muscles differs from the inspiratory recruitment of known upper airway dilator Muscles.
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Respiratory-related activity of soft Palate Muscles: augmentation by negative upper airway pressure
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1994Co-Authors: T Van Der Touw, Terence C Amis, John R Wheatley, A Brancatisano, N. O'neill, L. A. EngelAbstract:We studied respiratory-related activity of the soft Palate Muscles in 10 anesthetized tracheostomized supine dogs. Moving time average (MTA) electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured in the palatinus (PAL), levator veli palatini (LP), and tensor veli palatini (TP) with bipolar fine-wire electrodes and in the diaphragm with bipolar hook electrodes. Measurements were made during tracheostomy breathing and nasal breathing with the mouth sealed (NB). During tracheostomy breathing, all soft Palate Muscles displayed respiratory-related phasic inspiratory and expiratory as well as tonic EMG activity. During NB, peak inspiratory EMG activity increased in PAL, LP, and TP because of an increase in both phasic inspiratory and tonic MTA activity. In contrast, phasic expiratory activity did not change. A constant negative pressure equal to peak inspiratory tracheal pressure during NB was applied to the caudal end of the isolated upper airway with the nose occluded. This was associated with soft Palate Muscle responses qualitatively similar to the responses during NB but accounted for only 39, 25, and 32% of the magnitude of the peak inspiratory MTA EMG responses to NB in PAL, LP, and TP, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the soft Palate Muscles exhibit respiratory-related activity in common with other upper airway Muscles. Furthermore, such activity is augmented in each soft Palate Muscle during NB, and negative upper airway pressure makes a substantial contribution to the recruitment of soft Palate Muscle activity.
Corstiaan C Breugem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The innervation of the soft Palate Muscles involved in cleft Palate: a review of the literature
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2016Co-Authors: Robrecht J. H. Logjes, Ronald L A W Bleys, Corstiaan C BreugemAbstract:Objective Surgical techniques to obtain adequate soft Palate repair in cleft Palate patients elaborate on the Muscle repair; however, there is little available information regarding the innervation of Muscles. Improved insights into the innervation of the musculature will likely allow improvements in the repair of the cleft Palate and subsequently decrease the incidence of velopharyngeal insufficiency. We performed a literature review focusing on recent advances in the understanding of soft Palate Muscle innervation. Material and methods The Medline and Embase databases were searched for anatomical studies concerning the innervation of the soft Palate. Results Our literature review highlights the lack of accurate information about the innervation of the levator veli palatini and palatopharyngeus Muscles. It is probable that the lesser palatine nerve and the pharyngeal plexus dually innervate the levator veli palatini and palatopharyngeus Muscles. Nerves of the superior-extravelar part of the levator veli palatini and palatopharyngeus Muscles enter the Muscle form the lateral side. Subsequently, the lesser palatine nerve enters from the lateral side of the inferior-velar part of the levator veli palatini Muscle. This knowledge could aid surgeons during reconstruction of the cleft musculature. The innervation of the tensor veli palatini Muscle by a small branch of the mandibular nerve was confirmed in all studies. Conclusion Both the levator veli palatini and palatopharyngeus Muscles receive motor fibres from the accessory nerve (through the vagus nerve and the glossopharyngeal nerve) and also the lesser palatine nerve. A small branch of the mandibular nerve innervates the tensor veli palatini Muscle. Clinical relevance Knowledge about these nerves could aid the cleft surgeon to perform a more careful dissection of the lateral side of the musculature.
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The innervation of the soft Palate Muscles involved in cleft Palate: a review of the literature
Clinical oral investigations, 2016Co-Authors: Robrecht J. H. Logjes, Ronald L A W Bleys, Corstiaan C BreugemAbstract:Objective Surgical techniques to obtain adequate soft Palate repair in cleft Palate patients elaborate on the Muscle repair; however, there is little available information regarding the innervation of Muscles. Improved insights into the innervation of the musculature will likely allow improvements in the repair of the cleft Palate and subsequently decrease the incidence of velopharyngeal insufficiency. We performed a literature review focusing on recent advances in the understanding of soft Palate Muscle innervation.
Frédéric Sériès - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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0566 Assessment of Soft Palate Muscle Fatigue and its Effect on Velopharyngeal Upper Airway (UA) Mechanical Properties
Sleep, 2020Co-Authors: Simon Gakwaya, Jean-françois Masse, Frédéric SérièsAbstract:Abstract Introduction Soft Palate Muscles are crucial in the maintenance of UA patency. This study aimed to investigate the fatigability of soft Palate Muscles and to quantify its effects on velopharyngeal UA dynamic properties in OSA patients and control subjects. Methods 8 control (AHI ≤ 10 /h), 21 OSA patients (13 with mild/moderate disease: 10 /h < AHI ≤ 20 /h and 8 with moderate/severe: AHI > 20/h) were included in the study. Subjects were asked to develop repetitive intra-oral positive pressure during cheek-bulging maneuvers while wearing a mouth piece to keep the jaw opened. Subjects were asked to develop sustained maximal bulging pressure for 5 sec every 10 sec until the peak pressure could not reach 85% of baseline maximal pressure for 2 consecutive times. UA dynamic properties were assessed by measuring instantaneous airflow and velopharyngeal pressure in response to phrenic nerve magnetic stimulation (PNMS) performed before, immediately and every 3 minutes after the fatiguing protocol for a maximum of 30 minutes’ recovery time. UA closing pressure (Pcrit) was estimated by modeling the flow/pressure relationship in response to PNMS. Results The sex, age, BMI and the soft Palate mechanical properties (including the baseline strength, endurance time, total Muscle work) did not significantly differ between the 3 groups. Maximal peak bulging pressure measured using cheek-bulging maneuver significantly changed following the fatigue task (p < 0.05). Baseline velopharyngeal Pcrit were less negative in moderate/severe OSA group compared to mild/moderate OSA (-6.5±2.6 vs. -11.9±3.2, p < 0.05). In mild/moderate OSA patients, PNMS-induced drop in maximal instantaneous airflow tend to increase 3 mins after the fatiguing trial compared to baseline (22.7±21.1 l.s-1vs. 9.6±5.8 l.s-1, p < 0.1), and their Velopharyngeal linear resistance 3 mins after the fatiguing trial tend to be higher than the moderate/severe OSA group (3.9 ± 5.0 cmH2O·l−1·s−1 vs. 1.8 ± 1.1 cmH2O·l−1·s−1, p< 0.1). Conclusion The cheek-bulging maneuver could induce soft Palate Muscle fatigue, with no difference observed in soft Palate mechanical performances among patients with different OSA severity. The fatiguing maneuver could further alter velopharyngeal UA mechanical properties in patients with mild/moderate OSA. Support SBD from IUCPQ Foundation
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0564 Assessment of Tongue and Soft Palate Muscles Mechanical Properties in Patients with OSA
Sleep, 2020Co-Authors: Simon Gakwaya, Frédéric SérièsAbstract:Abstract Introduction Soft Palate Muscles are crucial in the maintenance of UA patency. Different contraction tasks have been used to investigate tongue mechanical properties, but not to soft Palate Muscles. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical consequences of tongue and soft Palate Muscles fatigue in moderate-severe OSA patients. Methods 12 moderate and 8 severe patients with OSA were enrolled. Measurements include strength, endurance, and fatigue indices. During the soft Palate fatiguing protocol, subjects were asked to develop repetitive intra-oral positive pressure during cheek-bulging maneuvers while wearing a mouth piece to keep the jaw opened. Tongue mechanical properties were also assessed using protrusion tasks with similar protocol. Subjects were encouraged to develop sustained maximal bulging pressure or tongue protrusion force for 5 sec every 10 sec until the peak pressure did not reach 85% of baseline maximal pressure for 2 consecutive times. The influence of age and BMI were also investigated. Results The sex, age were not significantly different between the 2 OSA groups. BMI was significantly higher in severe OSA patients (p<0.05). Overall, the tongue maximal voluntary contraction force (MVC), endurance time and total Muscle work were respectively positively associated with the ones obtained from the soft Palate fatiguing task (rs=0.51, 0.43, 0.66, respectively). The MVC of both tongue and soft Palate Muscles were positively correlated with BMI in all subjects (rs=0.43, 0.5 respectively). The recovery time from soft Palate fatigue was significantly longer in moderate than severe OSA patients (270s ± 192.3s and 120s ± 0, p =0.02). Interestingly, the recovery time was positively correlated with AHI in tongue fatiguing task, while negatively correlated with supine AHI and age in soft Palate fatiguing task (p<0.05). In both tasks, MVC was negatively correlated with the endurance time (p<0.05). Conclusion Moderate patients are less likely to recover from soft Palate Muscle fatigue. A more severe apneic disease is associated with longer recovery time from tongue fatigue, but with shorter recovery time from soft Palate fatigue. Our results suggest that alteration in tongue and velopharyngeal Muscles function may differ according to the severity of disease. Support SBD from IUCPQ Foundation.
T Van Der Touw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soft Palate Muscle responses to negative upper airway pressure
Journal of Applied Physiology, 1999Co-Authors: Terence C Amis, N Oneill, John R Wheatley, T Van Der Touw, E Di Somma, A BrancatisanoAbstract:The afferent pathways and upper airway receptor locations involved in negative upper airway pressure (NUAP) augmentation of soft Palate Muscle activity have not been defined. We studied the electro...
-
Influence of upper airway pressure oscillations on soft Palate Muscle electromyographic activity
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1996Co-Authors: A Brancatisano, T Van Der Touw, N. O'neill, Terence C AmisAbstract:Snoring is characterized by high-frequency (30-50 Hz) pressure oscillations (HFPO) in the upper airway (UA). The soft Palate is a major oscillating structure during snoring, and soft Palate Muscle ...
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Soft Palate Muscle activity in response to hypoxic hypercapnia.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1994Co-Authors: T Van Der Touw, Terence C Amis, John R Wheatley, N. O'neill, A BrancatisanoAbstract:We studied the effects of increasing respiratory drive on electromyographic (EMG) soft Palate Muscle (SPM) activity in nine anesthetized tracheostomy-breathing dogs during hypoxic hypercapnia (HH) with a 14% O2–8% CO2–78% N2 inspired gas mixture. Moving time average EMG activity was recorded from palatinus (PAL), levator veli palatini (LP), and tensor veli palatini (TP) Muscles (with bipolar fine-wire electrodes) and diaphragm (DIA; with bipolar hook electrodes). During HH, peak inspiratory DIA activity increased from 18.8 +/- 1.3 to 30.1 +/- 2.0 arbitrary units and minute ventilation increased from 6.2 +/- 0.3 to 18.3 +/- 1.8 l/min (both P < 0.001). Phasic inspiratory, expiratory, and/or tonic EMG activity was present in each SPM during room air breathing (control) and increased during HH (P < 0.05), except for phasic inspiratory PAL and phasic expiratory TP activities. Peak inspiratory LP and TP activities increased during HH to 250 and 179% of control, respectively, and peak expiratory activity increased to 187, 235, and 181% of control in PAL, LP, and TP, respectively. These findings demonstrate respiratory-related regulation of SPM activity independent of local reflex control from the upper airway. However, the combined inspiratory and expiratory phasic recruitment of these Muscles differs from the inspiratory recruitment of known upper airway dilator Muscles.
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Respiratory-related activity of soft Palate Muscles: augmentation by negative upper airway pressure
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda Md. : 1985), 1994Co-Authors: T Van Der Touw, Terence C Amis, John R Wheatley, A Brancatisano, N. O'neill, L. A. EngelAbstract:We studied respiratory-related activity of the soft Palate Muscles in 10 anesthetized tracheostomized supine dogs. Moving time average (MTA) electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured in the palatinus (PAL), levator veli palatini (LP), and tensor veli palatini (TP) with bipolar fine-wire electrodes and in the diaphragm with bipolar hook electrodes. Measurements were made during tracheostomy breathing and nasal breathing with the mouth sealed (NB). During tracheostomy breathing, all soft Palate Muscles displayed respiratory-related phasic inspiratory and expiratory as well as tonic EMG activity. During NB, peak inspiratory EMG activity increased in PAL, LP, and TP because of an increase in both phasic inspiratory and tonic MTA activity. In contrast, phasic expiratory activity did not change. A constant negative pressure equal to peak inspiratory tracheal pressure during NB was applied to the caudal end of the isolated upper airway with the nose occluded. This was associated with soft Palate Muscle responses qualitatively similar to the responses during NB but accounted for only 39, 25, and 32% of the magnitude of the peak inspiratory MTA EMG responses to NB in PAL, LP, and TP, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the soft Palate Muscles exhibit respiratory-related activity in common with other upper airway Muscles. Furthermore, such activity is augmented in each soft Palate Muscle during NB, and negative upper airway pressure makes a substantial contribution to the recruitment of soft Palate Muscle activity.