The Experts below are selected from a list of 135 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
C D M Mullergraf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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schistosoma mansoni infection in a natural population of olive baboons Papio cynocephalus anubis in gombe stream national park tanzania
Parasitology, 1997Co-Authors: C D M Mullergraf, D A Collins, Craig Packer, Mark E J WoolhouseAbstract:Infection with Schistosoma mansoni was studied in 5 troops of olive baboons ( Papio cynocephalus anubis ) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Three troops were infected with S. mansoni . An aggregated distribution of parasites was observed among hosts. Troop membership was found to be the most significant factor influencing parasite prevalence. Age and reproductive status had no significant effect, but there was a trend for males to acquire higher levels of infection. However, age–prevalence curves showed a high infection in young baboons declining in the older baboons. Behavioural components of exposure – as measured in water-contact pattern – may be related to parasite burden. A ‘peak shift’ between infection in different age-classes in the different troops was observed: troops with higher schistosome prevalences displayed an earlier peak in prevalence of infection. The baboon troop with the most contact with people showed highest prevalence of infection possibly due to longer exposure to the parasite than the other troops and/or higher host density.
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intestinal parasite burden in five troops of olive baboons Papio cynocephalus anubis in gombe stream national park tanzania
Parasitology, 1996Co-Authors: C D M Mullergraf, D A Collins, Mark E J WoolhouseAbstract:A cross-sectional parasitological study of a population of wild olive baboons ( Papio cynocephalus anubis ), consisting of 5 troops, was conducted in Gombe Stream National Park. Baboons were individually recognizable. Information on age, sex, troop membership, reproductive status, social rank and life-history of each individual baboon could be related to parasite infection. Seven helminth taxa and 2 protozoan taxa were found. All baboons were parasitized by at least 1 taxon. Distributions of helminths were aggregated among hosts. There were significant differences among troops in the prevalence of all but 2 of the recorded helminths. Age had a significant impact on the prevalence and intensity of Strongyloides sp. No significant effect of sex on the prevalence of infection could be detected. There was some indication that female reproductive status was related to Trichuris egg output. In contrast to a previous study, no significant correlations between parasite infection and social rank could be found. Troop membership constituted the predominant factor contributing to heterogeneity of prevalence of infection. This suggests that spatial location and/or genetics may be important in determining levels of parasite infection.
Mark E J Woolhouse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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schistosoma mansoni infection in a natural population of olive baboons Papio cynocephalus anubis in gombe stream national park tanzania
Parasitology, 1997Co-Authors: C D M Mullergraf, D A Collins, Craig Packer, Mark E J WoolhouseAbstract:Infection with Schistosoma mansoni was studied in 5 troops of olive baboons ( Papio cynocephalus anubis ) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Three troops were infected with S. mansoni . An aggregated distribution of parasites was observed among hosts. Troop membership was found to be the most significant factor influencing parasite prevalence. Age and reproductive status had no significant effect, but there was a trend for males to acquire higher levels of infection. However, age–prevalence curves showed a high infection in young baboons declining in the older baboons. Behavioural components of exposure – as measured in water-contact pattern – may be related to parasite burden. A ‘peak shift’ between infection in different age-classes in the different troops was observed: troops with higher schistosome prevalences displayed an earlier peak in prevalence of infection. The baboon troop with the most contact with people showed highest prevalence of infection possibly due to longer exposure to the parasite than the other troops and/or higher host density.
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intestinal parasite burden in five troops of olive baboons Papio cynocephalus anubis in gombe stream national park tanzania
Parasitology, 1996Co-Authors: C D M Mullergraf, D A Collins, Mark E J WoolhouseAbstract:A cross-sectional parasitological study of a population of wild olive baboons ( Papio cynocephalus anubis ), consisting of 5 troops, was conducted in Gombe Stream National Park. Baboons were individually recognizable. Information on age, sex, troop membership, reproductive status, social rank and life-history of each individual baboon could be related to parasite infection. Seven helminth taxa and 2 protozoan taxa were found. All baboons were parasitized by at least 1 taxon. Distributions of helminths were aggregated among hosts. There were significant differences among troops in the prevalence of all but 2 of the recorded helminths. Age had a significant impact on the prevalence and intensity of Strongyloides sp. No significant effect of sex on the prevalence of infection could be detected. There was some indication that female reproductive status was related to Trichuris egg output. In contrast to a previous study, no significant correlations between parasite infection and social rank could be found. Troop membership constituted the predominant factor contributing to heterogeneity of prevalence of infection. This suggests that spatial location and/or genetics may be important in determining levels of parasite infection.
Claud A. Bramblett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Kin recognition by paternal half-siblings in captive Papio cynocephalus
American Journal of Primatology, 1997Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Erhart, Anthony M. Coelho, Claud A. BramblettAbstract:Our objective in this study was to evaluate whether a group of paternally related, subadult baboons (Papio cynocephalus) would preferentially interact with kin or nonkin when they had been raised apart from kin other than their mothers. Subjects and their mothers were removed from the breeding group and placed in alternate housing within 24 h after birth to ensure that the subjects would not have a social history with either their sire or their half-siblings. At 90 days of age, the 23 subjects were separated from their mothers and assigned to a peer-peer social group. Behavioral performance was measured using focal animal sampling techniques and 12 molecular behavioral criteria. Analyses of the data indicate that in dyadic interactions kin did not interact more frequently than nonkin in performance of affiliative, sociosexual, and agonistic behaviors. The hypothesis that baboons recognize kin in the absence of maternal associations was not supported by the data; moreover, we suggest that social learning and social history are the most likely mechanisms for kin recognition.
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kin recognition by paternal half siblings in captive Papio cynocephalus
American Journal of Primatology, 1997Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Erhart, Anthony M. Coelho, Claud A. BramblettAbstract:Our objective in this study was to evaluate whether a group of paternally related, subadult baboons (Papio cynocephalus) would preferentially interact with kin or nonkin when they had been raised apart from kin other than their mothers. Subjects and their mothers were removed from the breeding group and placed in alternate housing within 24 h after birth to ensure that the subjects would not have a social history with either their sire or their half-siblings. At 90 days of age, the 23 subjects were separated from their mothers and assigned to a peer–peer social group. Behavioral performance was measured using focal animal sampling techniques and 12 molecular behavioral criteria. Analyses of the data indicate that in dyadic interactions kin did not interact more frequently than nonkin in performance of affiliative, sociosexual, and agonistic behaviors. The hypothesis that baboons recognize kin in the absence of maternal associations was not supported by the data; moreover, we suggest that social learning and social history are the most likely mechanisms for kin recognition. Am. J. Primatol. 43:147–157, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
D A Collins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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schistosoma mansoni infection in a natural population of olive baboons Papio cynocephalus anubis in gombe stream national park tanzania
Parasitology, 1997Co-Authors: C D M Mullergraf, D A Collins, Craig Packer, Mark E J WoolhouseAbstract:Infection with Schistosoma mansoni was studied in 5 troops of olive baboons ( Papio cynocephalus anubis ) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Three troops were infected with S. mansoni . An aggregated distribution of parasites was observed among hosts. Troop membership was found to be the most significant factor influencing parasite prevalence. Age and reproductive status had no significant effect, but there was a trend for males to acquire higher levels of infection. However, age–prevalence curves showed a high infection in young baboons declining in the older baboons. Behavioural components of exposure – as measured in water-contact pattern – may be related to parasite burden. A ‘peak shift’ between infection in different age-classes in the different troops was observed: troops with higher schistosome prevalences displayed an earlier peak in prevalence of infection. The baboon troop with the most contact with people showed highest prevalence of infection possibly due to longer exposure to the parasite than the other troops and/or higher host density.
-
intestinal parasite burden in five troops of olive baboons Papio cynocephalus anubis in gombe stream national park tanzania
Parasitology, 1996Co-Authors: C D M Mullergraf, D A Collins, Mark E J WoolhouseAbstract:A cross-sectional parasitological study of a population of wild olive baboons ( Papio cynocephalus anubis ), consisting of 5 troops, was conducted in Gombe Stream National Park. Baboons were individually recognizable. Information on age, sex, troop membership, reproductive status, social rank and life-history of each individual baboon could be related to parasite infection. Seven helminth taxa and 2 protozoan taxa were found. All baboons were parasitized by at least 1 taxon. Distributions of helminths were aggregated among hosts. There were significant differences among troops in the prevalence of all but 2 of the recorded helminths. Age had a significant impact on the prevalence and intensity of Strongyloides sp. No significant effect of sex on the prevalence of infection could be detected. There was some indication that female reproductive status was related to Trichuris egg output. In contrast to a previous study, no significant correlations between parasite infection and social rank could be found. Troop membership constituted the predominant factor contributing to heterogeneity of prevalence of infection. This suggests that spatial location and/or genetics may be important in determining levels of parasite infection.
Elizabeth M. Erhart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Kin recognition by paternal half-siblings in captive Papio cynocephalus
American Journal of Primatology, 1997Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Erhart, Anthony M. Coelho, Claud A. BramblettAbstract:Our objective in this study was to evaluate whether a group of paternally related, subadult baboons (Papio cynocephalus) would preferentially interact with kin or nonkin when they had been raised apart from kin other than their mothers. Subjects and their mothers were removed from the breeding group and placed in alternate housing within 24 h after birth to ensure that the subjects would not have a social history with either their sire or their half-siblings. At 90 days of age, the 23 subjects were separated from their mothers and assigned to a peer-peer social group. Behavioral performance was measured using focal animal sampling techniques and 12 molecular behavioral criteria. Analyses of the data indicate that in dyadic interactions kin did not interact more frequently than nonkin in performance of affiliative, sociosexual, and agonistic behaviors. The hypothesis that baboons recognize kin in the absence of maternal associations was not supported by the data; moreover, we suggest that social learning and social history are the most likely mechanisms for kin recognition.
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kin recognition by paternal half siblings in captive Papio cynocephalus
American Journal of Primatology, 1997Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Erhart, Anthony M. Coelho, Claud A. BramblettAbstract:Our objective in this study was to evaluate whether a group of paternally related, subadult baboons (Papio cynocephalus) would preferentially interact with kin or nonkin when they had been raised apart from kin other than their mothers. Subjects and their mothers were removed from the breeding group and placed in alternate housing within 24 h after birth to ensure that the subjects would not have a social history with either their sire or their half-siblings. At 90 days of age, the 23 subjects were separated from their mothers and assigned to a peer–peer social group. Behavioral performance was measured using focal animal sampling techniques and 12 molecular behavioral criteria. Analyses of the data indicate that in dyadic interactions kin did not interact more frequently than nonkin in performance of affiliative, sociosexual, and agonistic behaviors. The hypothesis that baboons recognize kin in the absence of maternal associations was not supported by the data; moreover, we suggest that social learning and social history are the most likely mechanisms for kin recognition. Am. J. Primatol. 43:147–157, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
