The Experts below are selected from a list of 90 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bilal Mirza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Colovaginoplasty in a Case of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome
2016Co-Authors: Muhammad Saleem, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Mazher Rafee Jam, Mushtaq Ahmad, Bilal MirzaAbstract:Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome (MRKHS) is characterized by various abnormalities of Paramesonephric Duct structures; vaginal aplasia being the commonest anomaly in the spectrum. We report a 17-year-old girl; a case of MRKHS with vaginal agenesis. The cervix was present but atretic; uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries were normal. There were no associated renal or skeletal defects. Colovaginoplasty was done to bridge the gap between uterus and introitus. Postopera-tively, small part of colovaginoplasty flap became necrotic posteriorly, which was ultimately managed by insetting of labial flap
Caserta Donatella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Epigenetic modifications of primordial reproDuctive tract. A common etiologic pathway for Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome and endometriosis?
'Elsevier BV', 2016Co-Authors: Maniglio Paolo, Ricciardi Enzo, Laganà, Antonio Simone, Triolo Onofrio, Caserta DonatellaAbstract:Dear Editor, we read with great interest the paper by Alcolado [1], published in your prestigious Journal. This work conforms ‘‘the fetal basis of adult disease’’ hypothesis, which proposes that prenatal exposure to certain forms of environmental stress can cause increased susceptibility to clinical disorders, modulating the gene expression later in life (the so-called ‘‘epigenetic imprinting”). During embryogenesis, it was already shown that homeobox (Hox) genes are strictly involved in the differentiation of the Paramesonephric Duct into the mature female reproDuctive system [2]. Two weeks after birth, Hoxa9, Hoxa10, Hoxa11 and Hoxa13 develop their characteristic spatial distribution throughout the Müllerian Ducts [3]. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the loss of Hoxa10 function provokes dysregulation during decidualization and implantation, resulting in female infertility [4]. Although clear data about the role of Hoxa gene clusters in infertility remain to be elucidated, we know that Hoxa10 specifically mediates the progesterone regulation of two prostaglandin E2 receptors (EP3 and EP4) in uterine stroma [5]. Moreover, another well-known family of genes that influence remarkably the organogenesis of the Müllerian reproDuctive tract is Wnt (wingless-type MMTV integration site family). Failures in Wnt signaling are associated with infertility, endometriosis, endometrial cancer and gestational trophoblastic disease such as choriocarcinomas [6]. Basing on these data, it is possible that epigenetic disturbance(s) during the Müllerian reproDuctive tract development may lead to modified intercellular communications, dysregulation of common downstream targets and, finally, to defect of organogenesis. Considering that the dysregulation of Wnt and/or Hox genes may affect cell migration during organogenesis and differentiation of Müllerian structures of the female reproDuctive tract, these altered pathways can underlie the well-known Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome [7], clinically characterized by a physiological development of the secondary sexual characters and by a normal female karyotype 46 XX, with a congenital aplasia of the uterus and of 2/3 superior parts of vagina. A similar etiologic machinery was already hypothesized for endometriosis [8], a gynecological condition characterized by the breakdown of peritoneal immune homeostasis [9–11] and related symptoms and signs [12–14] due to the pro-inflammatory profile of pelvic as well as intrauterine microenvironment
Muhammad Saleem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Colovaginoplasty in a Case of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome
2016Co-Authors: Muhammad Saleem, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Mazher Rafee Jam, Mushtaq Ahmad, Bilal MirzaAbstract:Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome (MRKHS) is characterized by various abnormalities of Paramesonephric Duct structures; vaginal aplasia being the commonest anomaly in the spectrum. We report a 17-year-old girl; a case of MRKHS with vaginal agenesis. The cervix was present but atretic; uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries were normal. There were no associated renal or skeletal defects. Colovaginoplasty was done to bridge the gap between uterus and introitus. Postopera-tively, small part of colovaginoplasty flap became necrotic posteriorly, which was ultimately managed by insetting of labial flap
Lauri J Pelliniemi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differential distribution of laminin chains in the development and sex differentiation of mouse internal genitalia
The International Journal of Developmental Biology, 1995Co-Authors: Kim Frojdman, P Ekblom, L Sorokin, A Yagi, Lauri J PelliniemiAbstract:The distribution of laminin chains and basement membranes (BMs) in the ontogenesis and sex differentiation of male and female mouse gonads and mesonephros was studied by conventional and immunocytochemical light and electron microscopy. The alpha 1 (synonymous to A) chain was recognized with MAbs against fragment E3, and three chains of laminin with PAbs raised against EHS-laminin. BMs, which formed around the mesonephric Duct, the mesonephric tubules, and the Paramesonephric Duct, contained the laminin alpha 1 chain. The alpha 1 chain appeared with epithelial differentiation in the developing gonads in both sexes. The alpha 1 chain was first evident around the embryonic gonadal cords and remained, after development, in the BMs of the testicular cords and ovarian follicles. The laminin alpha 1 chain was also detected in BMs of the myoid cells around the epithelial rete cords, and transiently in the surface epithelium and in the corpus luteum. Laminin beta-gamma chains were found in many locations where the alpha 1 chain was not detected. These included the mesenchyme of the early mesonephros, the BMs of blood vessels and surface epithelium in the differentiated testis and ovary, between the theca cells in the ovary, and in some corpora lutea. The morphological differentiation of the BMs of the embryonic testicular cords proceeded rapidly. In contrast, the BM of the ovarian cords remained relatively poorly differentiated during the prenatal phases, and developed concomitantly with the differentiation of the follicles. The results show that BMs in the differentiating internal genitalia are heterogeneous with respect to their laminin chains, and suggest that all known laminin chains must be analyzed in the differentiation of gonadal epithelia for a complete role of the BMs in gonadal sex differentiation.
Peter Igarashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a conserved hox axis in the mouse and human female reproDuctive system late establishment and persistent adult expression of the hoxa cluster genes
Biology of Reproduction, 1997Co-Authors: Hugh S Taylor, Gregory B Vanden Heuvel, Peter IgarashiAbstract:The mammalian female reproDuctive system arises from the uniform Paramesonephric Duct. The molecular mechanisms that establish differential development along this axis are unknown. We determined the pattern and timing of genes of the Hoxa axis in the development of the Mullerian tract. Hoxa-9, Hoxa-10, Hoxa-11, and Hoxa-13 are all expressed along the length of the Paramesonephric Duct in the embryonic mouse. After birth, a spatial Hox axis is established, corresponding to the postnatal differentiation of this organ system in the mouse. Hoxa-9 is expressed in the fallopian tubes, Hoxa-10 in the uterus, Hoxa-11 in the uterus and uterine cervix, and Hoxa-13 in the upper vagina. This expression pattern follows the paradigm of spatial colinearity but is a novel exception to temporal colinearity that has been considered typical of Hox genes. These genes remain expressed in the adult mouse and are expressed in the same pattern in the human. The female reproDuctive system undergoes dramatic structural and functional changes during the estrous cycle and in pregnancy, retaining a high degree of developmental plasticity. The late establishment of a Hox axis and persistent expression of Hox genes in the adult may play an important role in preserving this plasticity.
