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Js Pasricha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A high rate of cross‐sensitivity between Parthenium Hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium in Indian patients with contact dermatitis
    Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Js Pasricha
    Abstract:

    Parthenium Hysterophorus is well known to produce contact dermatitis in India. Xanthium strumarium is another weed also belonging to the Compositae family present in India since much earlier times, but not recognised among the plants causing contact dermatitis. We have found a very high rate of cross-sensitivity between the two plants in patients presenting air-borne contact dermatitis. Of the 28 patients with air-borne contact dermatitis. 22 revealed positive patch tests with aqueous extracts of both plants, one patient showed a negative patch test with Parthenium Hysterophorus and a positive test with Xanthium strumarium, while five patients were negative with both plants. In a control group of 15 patients with contact dermatitis due to other agents, only one patient showed a positive patch test with Xanthium strumarium, while the patch test with Parthenium Hysterophorus was negative. Patch tests performed with serial 10-fold dilutions of standard extracts of both plants to determine the degree (titre) of contact hypersensitivity (TCH) revealed variable litres in different patients. Some patients had a much higher titre with Parthenium Hysterophorus while others had a higher titre with Xanthium strumarium. The antigen in Xanthium strumarium, like that of Parthenium Hysterophorus, could be extracted with water, acetone, ethanol, chloroform, benzene, ether and carbon tetrachloride. Infra-red spectrophotometry of extracts in ether revealed similar spectra in the two plants. The antigens in the two plants seem lo be very similar.

  • a high rate of cross sensitivity between Parthenium Hysterophorus and xanthium strumarium in indian patients with contact dermatitis
    Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Js Pasricha
    Abstract:

    Parthenium Hysterophorus is well known to produce contact dermatitis in India. Xanthium strumarium is another weed also belonging to the Compositae family present in India since much earlier times, but not recognised among the plants causing contact dermatitis. We have found a very high rate of cross-sensitivity between the two plants in patients presenting air-borne contact dermatitis. Of the 28 patients with air-borne contact dermatitis. 22 revealed positive patch tests with aqueous extracts of both plants, one patient showed a negative patch test with Parthenium Hysterophorus and a positive test with Xanthium strumarium, while five patients were negative with both plants. In a control group of 15 patients with contact dermatitis due to other agents, only one patient showed a positive patch test with Xanthium strumarium, while the patch test with Parthenium Hysterophorus was negative. Patch tests performed with serial 10-fold dilutions of standard extracts of both plants to determine the degree (titre) of contact hypersensitivity (TCH) revealed variable litres in different patients. Some patients had a much higher titre with Parthenium Hysterophorus while others had a higher titre with Xanthium strumarium. The antigen in Xanthium strumarium, like that of Parthenium Hysterophorus, could be extracted with water, acetone, ethanol, chloroform, benzene, ether and carbon tetrachloride. Infra-red spectrophotometry of extracts in ether revealed similar spectra in the two plants. The antigens in the two plants seem lo be very similar.

  • Air-borne contact dermatitis due to Chrysanthemum with true cross sensitivity to Parthenium Hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium
    Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Js Pasricha, Th. Nandakishore
    Abstract:

    A 60-year old man living in Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) had air-borne contact dermatitis for last 10 years. He had never traveled to any other part of the country where Parthenium Hysterophorus or Xanthium strumarium are prevalent but he used to cultivate chrysanthemums. Patch tests with standardized extracts of various plants revealed the strongest reaction with Chrysanthemum, while the reactions with Xanthium strumarium and Parthenium Hysterophorus were also positive but milder. This seems to be a case of primary sensitivity to Chrysanthemum with cross sensitivity to Xanthium strumarium and Parthenium Hysterophorus.

Regina G. Belz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jai Knox - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Parthenium Hysterophorus and its management through botanicals.
    Journal of Crop and Weed, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jai Knox
    Abstract:

    Parthenium Hysterophorus L. is one of the worst weed for agriculture, the environment and human health. Parthenium is also known as ‘Congress grass’ and ‘Gajar ghas’ in India. It is a herbaceous, erect and annual plant belonging to family Asteraceae (Compositae). Parthenium was accidentally introduced in India through imported food grains in mid 1950’s (Dhawan and Dhawan, 1996). After noticeable occurrence of Parthenium in Pune (Maharashtra) it had spreads like ‘wild fire’ throughout India. Many methods ranging from manual uprooting, chemical herbicides to biological control agents have been proposed to limit the spread of this uncontrollable weed. Parthenium Hysterophorus contain toxins from the chemical group of sesquiterpene lactone (C15 group) (Oudhia and Tripathi, 1998). The major component of toxin being parthenin and other phenolic acids such as caffeic, vanillic, ferulic, chlorgenic, p-hydrobenzoic acid, pcumaric acid and anisic acid are lethal to human beings and animals (Mahadevappa, 1998). Parthenium contains 35 lactones of the pseudoguaicinolide and xanthanolide skeletal types. Parthenin a major constituent is a sesquiterpenoid having a pseudoguaianolide structure. It contains an α-methylene γ-butyrolactone moiety (ring C) along with other functionalities and five chiral centers (Ramesh et al., 2004).

  • Allelopathic Effect of Selected Weeds on Biochemical Activity of Parthenium Hysterophorus
    2010
    Co-Authors: Jai Knox, Disha Jaggi
    Abstract:

    In order to assess the magnitude of suppressing capabilities of Cassia occidentalis, Rumex dentatus, Calotropis procera and Withania somnifera on Parthenium Hysterophorus a laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effect of 3rd and 9th d aqueous shoot leachates of above mentioned weeds on biochemical activities (chl orophyll, nit rogen percentage, protein percent age) and mo rtality percentage of Parthenium Hysterophorus. It is evident from the present results that treatment having 100%, 9th d aqueous shoot leachates of Cassia has the pote ntial to red uce the leve l of biochemical activities and increase the mortality to a great extent, which was followed by Rumex dentatus. Their toxicity exhibited period and dose dependent pattern. The demonstrated bioactivity may be attributed to phenolic compounds present in Cassia. Cassia may offer an alternative tool for the control of Parthenium in India.

  • Evaluation of allelopathic potential of selected plant species on Parthenium Hysterophorus
    Egyptian Journal of Biology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Jai Knox, Disha Jaggi, Paul
    Abstract:

    The phytotoxicity of shoot leachates of selected plant species was assessed on germination, and on shootcut and seedling bioassays of Parthenium Hysterophorus. Shoot leachates of selected plant species were effective in inhibiting germination of Parthenium seeds, with Azardirachta indica the most effective. Shoot growth was inhibited most, and shoots damaged the most, by leachates of Solanum nigrum.

Baldwyn Torto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Invasive American Weed Parthenium Hysterophorus Can Negatively Impact Malaria Control in Africa.
    PloS one, 2015
    Co-Authors: Vincent O. Nyasembe, Xavier Cheseto, Fatma Kaplan, Woodbridge A. Foster, Peter E. A. Teal, James H. Tumlinson, Christian Borgemeister, Baldwyn Torto
    Abstract:

    The direct negative effects of invasive plant species on agriculture and biodiversity are well known, but their indirect effects on human health, and particularly their interactions with disease-transmitting vectors, remains poorly explored. This study sought to investigate the impact of the invasive Neotropical weed Parthenium Hysterophorus and its toxins on the survival and energy reserves of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. In this study, we compared the fitness of An. gambiae fed on three differentially attractive mosquito host plants and their major toxins; the highly aggressive invasive Neotropical weed Parthenium Hysterophorus (Asteraceae) in East Africa and two other adapted weeds, Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) and Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae). Our results showed that female An. gambiae fitness varied with host plants as females survived better and accumulated substantial energy reserves when fed on P. Hysterophorus and R. communis compared to B. pilosa. Females tolerated parthenin and 1-phenylhepta-1, 3, 5-triyne, the toxins produced by P. Hysterophorus and B. pilosa, respectively, but not ricinine produced by R. communis. Given that invasive plants like P. Hysterophorus can suppress or even replace less competitive species that might be less suitable host-plants for arthropod disease vectors, the spread of invasive plants could lead to higher disease transmission. Parthenium Hysterophorus represents a possible indirect effect of invasive plants on human health, which underpins the need to include an additional health dimension in risk-analysis modelling for invasive plants.

Rashid Ali Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutritional investigation and biological activities of Parthenium Hysterophorus
    African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Rahmat Ali Khan, Mushtaq Ahmed, Muhammad Rashid Khan, Muhammad Yasir, Bakhtiar Muhammad, Rashid Ali Khan
    Abstract:

    Parthenium Hysterophorus is used as a vegetable and in the treatment of various human ailments traditionally in Pakistan. The current study was arranged to investigate the nutritional importance, microbial inhibition and its potency against free radicals. The results revealed that extract possesses macro elements Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Zn, as well as micro elements including Ni, Li, Pb, Co, Mn, Cu, Cr, and Cd. Scavenging of free radicals revealed that methanolic extract of P. Hysterophorus (PM) possesses lowest IC50 (2.5 ± 0.05 μg/ml) comparatively to ascorbic acid (3.7 ± 0.03) and n-hexane extract of P. Hysterophorus (PH) (5.1 ± 0.07 μg/ml). The extracts also showed maximum antibacterial potential in various concentrations of n-hexane and methanolic extract of P. Hysterophorus. The results revealed that P. Hysterophorus contain a remarkable fungal inhibition due to the presence of bioactive constituents. Based on this screening various fractions of P. Hysterophorus are recommended for future bioassay guided isolation of bioactive constituents.   Key words: Parthenium Hysterophorus, nutritional analysis, antimicrobial activity, 1,1-diphenyl 1-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH).