The Experts below are selected from a list of 207 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Qiang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • carbon and air pollutant emissions from china s cement industry 1990 2015 trends evolution of technologies and drivers
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes in carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015 based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.3-fold increase in cement production, CO2 , SO2 , and NO x emissions from China's cement industry increased by 627 %, 56 %, and 659 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 , and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 63 %, and 59 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the technological innovation in production of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns equipped with high-efficiency Control facilities in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2 , CO, and PM emissions in the cement industry. In 2010, nationwide, 39 % and 31 % of the nationwide PM2.5 and NO x emission were produced by 3 % and 15 % of the total capacity of the production lines, indicating the disproportionately high emissions from a small number of the super-polluting units. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low NO x burners (LNB), and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NO x emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlights the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control; however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

  • Carbon and air pollutant emissions from China's cement industry 1990–2015: trends, evolution of technologies, and drivers
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes in carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015 based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.3-fold increase in cement production, CO2 , SO2 , and NO x emissions from China's cement industry increased by 627 %, 56 %, and 659 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 , and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 63 %, and 59 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the technological innovation in production of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns equipped with high-efficiency Control facilities in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2 , CO, and PM emissions in the cement industry. In 2010, nationwide, 39 % and 31 % of the nationwide PM2.5 and NO x emission were produced by 3 % and 15 % of the total capacity of the production lines, indicating the disproportionately high emissions from a small number of the super-polluting units. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low NO x burners (LNB), and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NO x emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlights the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control; however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

  • carbon and air pollutant emissions from china s cement industry 1990 2015 trends evolution of technologies and drivers
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive, and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes of carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015, based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies, which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.9-fold increase in cement production, CO2, SO2, and NOx emissions from China's cement industry increased by 626 %, 59 %, and 658 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 66 %, and 63 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the production technology innovation of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2, CO and PM emissions from the cement industry. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low-NOx burners (LNB) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NOx emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlighted the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control, however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

  • Carbon and air pollutant emissions from China's cement industry 1990–2015: trends, evolution of technologies and drivers
    2020
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive, and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes of carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015, based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies, which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.9-fold increase in cement production, CO2, SO2, and NOx emissions from China's cement industry increased by 626 %, 59 %, and 658 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 66 %, and 63 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the production technology innovation of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2, CO and PM emissions from the cement industry. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low-NOx burners (LNB) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NOx emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlighted the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control, however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

Paavo Mäkelä - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the conventionally ventilated operating theatre and air contamination Control during cardiac surgery bacteriological and Particulate Matter Control garment options for low level contamination
    European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 1998
    Co-Authors: K Verkkala, Anne M. Eklund, Juhani Ojajärvi, Leena Tiittanen, Jan Hoborn, Paavo Mäkelä
    Abstract:

    Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the usefulness of a conventional bacteriological technique with that of particle counting under lower air contamination and better aseptic conditions achieved with special staff garments and covering for the patient. Contamination levels were estimated with continuous on line air particle counting measurement, volumetric intermittent short period aerobic bacteriological cultures and wound surface contact cultures. Methods: In a series of 66 consecutive coronary artery bypass operations performed by the same team and in the same theatre using different types of patient and staff clothing, the impact of a reduced bacteriological and Particulate contamination were assessed. The volumetric air contamination of particles ♢5 mm and bacteria-carrying particles were monitored 30 cm above the sternal wound. The bacterial contamination and bacterial wound infections in the sternal and leg wounds were assessed as well. Results: With the alternative garment and textile system, the air counts fell from 25 colony-forming units (CFU)/m 3 to 7 CFU/m 3 (P , 0.0038). The contamination of the sternal wound was reduced by 46% and that of the leg wound by .90%. In order to give continuous contamination feedback during the whole operation to the theatre staff, particle counts ♢5 mm were monitored and visualized. Air particle counts decreased rapidly from 850 particles/m 3 and stabilized to approximately 50 particles/m 3 when the alternative clothing system was used (P , 0.001). Low particle counts ♢5 mm should offer the possibility to indirectly estimate air bacteria carrying particle counts during the entire operation. Less than 20% of the total count in this size group carries bacteria. The low air contamination was achieved even in an ordinary ventilated theatre when individual team members used clean air suits in combination with impermeable patient drapes. When air particle level ≤50 particles/m 3 is reached, the bacterial air contamination is in the order of that of orthopaedic hip operations. The staff must during the entire operation adjust their activity to air asepsis. Conclusions: The use of clean air suits and impermeable patient clothing results in a low exogenous contamination of air and wound. Continuous air particle monitoring is a good intraoperative method to monitor the air contamination longitudinally in an operating theatre. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

  • The conventionally ventilated operating theatre and air contamination Control during cardiac surgery – bacteriological and Particulate Matter Control garment options for low level contamination
    European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 1998
    Co-Authors: Verkkala K, Anne M. Eklund, Juhani Ojajärvi, Leena Tiittanen, Jan Hoborn, Paavo Mäkelä
    Abstract:

    Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the usefulness of a conventional bacteriological technique with that of particle counting under lower air contamination and better aseptic conditions achieved with special staff garments and covering for the patient. Contamination levels were estimated with continuous on line air particle counting measurement, volumetric intermittent short period aerobic bacteriological cultures and wound surface contact cultures. Methods: In a series of 66 consecutive coronary artery bypass operations performed by the same team and in the same theatre using different types of patient and staff clothing, the impact of a reduced bacteriological and Particulate contamination were assessed. The volumetric air contamination of particles ♢5 mm and bacteria-carrying particles were monitored 30 cm above the sternal wound. The bacterial contamination and bacterial wound infections in the sternal and leg wounds were assessed as well. Results: With the alternative garment and textile system, the air counts fell from 25 colony-forming units (CFU)/m 3 to 7 CFU/m 3 (P , 0.0038). The contamination of the sternal wound was reduced by 46% and that of the leg wound by .90%. In order to give continuous contamination feedback during the whole operation to the theatre staff, particle counts ♢5 mm were monitored and visualized. Air particle counts decreased rapidly from 850 particles/m 3 and stabilized to approximately 50 particles/m 3 when the alternative clothing system was used (P , 0.001). Low particle counts ♢5 mm should offer the possibility to indirectly estimate air bacteria carrying particle counts during the entire operation. Less than 20% of the total count in this size group carries bacteria. The low air contamination was achieved even in an ordinary ventilated theatre when individual team members used clean air suits in combination with impermeable patient drapes. When air particle level ≤50 particles/m 3 is reached, the bacterial air contamination is in the order of that of orthopaedic hip operations. The staff must during the entire operation adjust their activity to air asepsis. Conclusions: The use of clean air suits and impermeable patient clothing results in a low exogenous contamination of air and wound. Continuous air particle monitoring is a good intraoperative method to monitor the air contamination longitudinally in an operating theatre. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Jun Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • carbon and air pollutant emissions from china s cement industry 1990 2015 trends evolution of technologies and drivers
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes in carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015 based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.3-fold increase in cement production, CO2 , SO2 , and NO x emissions from China's cement industry increased by 627 %, 56 %, and 659 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 , and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 63 %, and 59 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the technological innovation in production of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns equipped with high-efficiency Control facilities in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2 , CO, and PM emissions in the cement industry. In 2010, nationwide, 39 % and 31 % of the nationwide PM2.5 and NO x emission were produced by 3 % and 15 % of the total capacity of the production lines, indicating the disproportionately high emissions from a small number of the super-polluting units. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low NO x burners (LNB), and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NO x emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlights the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control; however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

  • Carbon and air pollutant emissions from China's cement industry 1990–2015: trends, evolution of technologies, and drivers
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes in carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015 based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.3-fold increase in cement production, CO2 , SO2 , and NO x emissions from China's cement industry increased by 627 %, 56 %, and 659 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 , and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 63 %, and 59 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the technological innovation in production of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns equipped with high-efficiency Control facilities in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2 , CO, and PM emissions in the cement industry. In 2010, nationwide, 39 % and 31 % of the nationwide PM2.5 and NO x emission were produced by 3 % and 15 % of the total capacity of the production lines, indicating the disproportionately high emissions from a small number of the super-polluting units. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low NO x burners (LNB), and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NO x emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlights the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control; however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

  • carbon and air pollutant emissions from china s cement industry 1990 2015 trends evolution of technologies and drivers
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive, and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes of carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015, based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies, which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.9-fold increase in cement production, CO2, SO2, and NOx emissions from China's cement industry increased by 626 %, 59 %, and 658 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 66 %, and 63 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the production technology innovation of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2, CO and PM emissions from the cement industry. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low-NOx burners (LNB) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NOx emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlighted the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control, however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

  • Carbon and air pollutant emissions from China's cement industry 1990–2015: trends, evolution of technologies and drivers
    2020
    Co-Authors: Jun Liu, Dan Tong, Yixuan Zheng, Jing Cheng, Xinying Qin, Qinren Shi, Liu Yan, Yu Lei, Qiang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract. China is the largest cement producer and consumer in the world. Cement manufacturing is highly energy-intensive, and is one of the major contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) and air pollutant emissions, which threatens climate mitigation and air quality improvement. In this study, we investigated the decadal changes of carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions for the period of 1990–2015, based on intensive unit-based information on activity rates, production capacity, operation status, and Control technologies, which improved the accuracy of the cement emissions in China. We found that, from 1990 to 2015, accompanied by a 10.9-fold increase in cement production, CO2, SO2, and NOx emissions from China's cement industry increased by 626 %, 59 %, and 658 %, whereas CO, PM2.5 and PM10 emissions decreased by 9 %, 66 %, and 63 %, respectively. In the 1990s, driven by the rapid growth of cement production, CO2 and air pollutant emissions increased constantly. Then, the production technology innovation of replacing traditional shaft kilns with the new precalciner kilns in the 2000s markedly reduced SO2, CO and PM emissions from the cement industry. Since 2010, the growing trend of emissions has been further curbed by a combination of measures, including promoting large-scale precalciner production lines and phasing out small ones, upgrading emission standards, installing low-NOx burners (LNB) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) to reduce NOx emissions, as well as adopting more advanced Particulate Matter Control technologies. Our study highlighted the effectiveness of advanced technologies on air pollutant emission Control, however, CO2 emissions from China's cement industry kept growing throughout the period, posing challenges to future carbon emission mitigation in China.

Jianxin Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Integrated technology assessment based on LCA: A case of fine Particulate Matter Control technology in China
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020
    Co-Authors: Fengyin Xiong, Jingjin Pan, Ning Ding, Jianxin Yang
    Abstract:

    Abstract The establishment of a systematic and complete technical evaluation method for air pollution treatment that can effectively prevent secondary pollution is urgently needed to realize coordinated emission reduction. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, a multi-criterion method for the assessment of air pollution Control technologies is proposed by integrating four indicator categories of environmental, economic, technological, and societal aspects. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are also employed in this method to enhance the strength of performing the weights and matrix calculation for selecting the Control technologies. Five selected fine Particulate Matter Control technologies for coal-fired power plants are used as research objects, including the electrostatic precipitator (ESP), the bag filter (BF), the electrostatic-bag precipitator (E-BSP), the wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP), and the low-low temperature electrostatic precipitator (LLT-ESP). LLT-ESP ranked first over the other technologies on the due to less resource inputs during the construction phase and less electricity consumption in operation phase, if only based on the LCA results. The final integrated assessment results demonstrate that the ESP ranked highest under the given scenarios, and this was primarily reflected in economic benefits and technological function portions. ESP was followed by the WESP, LLT-ESP, and E-BSP that had similar performances, while the BF was ranked last. The case study fully embodies the advantages of comprehensiveness and systematization of the proposed method. The proposed multi-criterion method based on LCA can be helpful for synergistic Control of air pollution complex.

K Verkkala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the conventionally ventilated operating theatre and air contamination Control during cardiac surgery bacteriological and Particulate Matter Control garment options for low level contamination
    European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 1998
    Co-Authors: K Verkkala, Anne M. Eklund, Juhani Ojajärvi, Leena Tiittanen, Jan Hoborn, Paavo Mäkelä
    Abstract:

    Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the usefulness of a conventional bacteriological technique with that of particle counting under lower air contamination and better aseptic conditions achieved with special staff garments and covering for the patient. Contamination levels were estimated with continuous on line air particle counting measurement, volumetric intermittent short period aerobic bacteriological cultures and wound surface contact cultures. Methods: In a series of 66 consecutive coronary artery bypass operations performed by the same team and in the same theatre using different types of patient and staff clothing, the impact of a reduced bacteriological and Particulate contamination were assessed. The volumetric air contamination of particles ♢5 mm and bacteria-carrying particles were monitored 30 cm above the sternal wound. The bacterial contamination and bacterial wound infections in the sternal and leg wounds were assessed as well. Results: With the alternative garment and textile system, the air counts fell from 25 colony-forming units (CFU)/m 3 to 7 CFU/m 3 (P , 0.0038). The contamination of the sternal wound was reduced by 46% and that of the leg wound by .90%. In order to give continuous contamination feedback during the whole operation to the theatre staff, particle counts ♢5 mm were monitored and visualized. Air particle counts decreased rapidly from 850 particles/m 3 and stabilized to approximately 50 particles/m 3 when the alternative clothing system was used (P , 0.001). Low particle counts ♢5 mm should offer the possibility to indirectly estimate air bacteria carrying particle counts during the entire operation. Less than 20% of the total count in this size group carries bacteria. The low air contamination was achieved even in an ordinary ventilated theatre when individual team members used clean air suits in combination with impermeable patient drapes. When air particle level ≤50 particles/m 3 is reached, the bacterial air contamination is in the order of that of orthopaedic hip operations. The staff must during the entire operation adjust their activity to air asepsis. Conclusions: The use of clean air suits and impermeable patient clothing results in a low exogenous contamination of air and wound. Continuous air particle monitoring is a good intraoperative method to monitor the air contamination longitudinally in an operating theatre. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved