The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marilyn J. Roossinck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phylogeographic analysis of pseudogymnoascus destructans Partitivirus pa explains the spread dynamics of white nose syndrome in north america
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Vaskar Thapa, Gregory G Turner, Marilyn J. RoossinckAbstract:Understanding the dynamics of white-nose syndrome spread in time and space is an important component for the disease epidemiology and control. We reported earlier that a novel Partitivirus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans Partitivirus-pa, had infected the North American isolates of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungal pathogen that causes white-nose syndrome in bats. We showed that the diversity of the viral coat protein sequences is correlated to their geographical origin. Here we hypothesize that the geographical adaptation of the virus could be used as a proxy to characterize the spread of white-nose syndrome. We used over 100 virus isolates from diverse locations in North America and applied the phylogeographic analysis tool BEAST to characterize the spread of the disease. The strict clock phylogeographic analysis under the coalescent model in BEAST showed a patchy spread pattern of white-nose syndrome driven from a few source locations including Connecticut, New York, West Virginia, and Kentucky. The source states had significant support in the maximum clade credibility tree and Bayesian stochastic search variable selection analysis. Although the geographic origin of the virus is not definite, it is likely the virus infected the fungus prior to the spread of white-nose syndrome in North America. We also inferred from the BEAST analysis that the recent long-distance spread of the fungus to Washington had its root in Kentucky, likely from the Mammoth cave area and most probably mediated by a human. The time to the most recent common ancestor of the virus is estimated somewhere between the late 1990s to early 2000s. We found the mean substitution rate of 2 X 10-3 substitutions per site per year for the virus which is higher than expected given the persistent lifestyle of the virus, and the stamping-machine mode of replication. Our approach of using the virus as a proxy to understand the spread of white-nose syndrome could be an important tool for the study and management of other infectious diseases.
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using a novel Partitivirus in pseudogymnoascus destructans to understand the epidemiology of white nose syndrome
PLOS Pathogens, 2016Co-Authors: Vaskar Thapa, Gregory G Turner, Susan Hafenstein, Barrie E Overton, Karen J Vanderwolf, Marilyn J. RoossinckAbstract:White-nose syndrome is one of the most lethal wildlife diseases, killing over 5 million North American bats since it was first reported in 2006. The causal agent of the disease is a psychrophilic filamentous fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans. The fungus is widely distributed in North America and Europe and has recently been found in some parts of Asia, but interestingly, no mass mortality is observed in European or Asian bats. Here we report a novel double-stranded RNA virus found in North American isolates of the fungus and show that the virus can be used as a tool to study the epidemiology of White-nose syndrome. The virus, termed Pseudogymnoascus destructans Partitivirus-pa, contains 2 genomic segments, dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2 of 1.76 kbp and 1.59 kbp respectively, each possessing a single open reading frame, and forms isometric particles approximately 30 nm in diameter, characteristic of the genus GammaPartitivirus in the family Partitiviridae. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus is closely related to Penicillium stoloniferum virus S. We were able to cure P. destructans of the virus by treating fungal cultures with polyethylene glycol. Examination of 62 isolates of P. destructans including 35 from United States, 10 from Canada and 17 from Europe showed virus infection only in North American isolates of the fungus. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis using nucleotide sequences of the viral coat protein geographically clustered North American isolates indicating fungal spread followed by local adaptation of P. destructans in different regions of the United States and Canada. This is the first demonstration that a mycovirus potentially can be used to study fungal disease epidemiology.
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molecular characterization of a novel putative Partitivirus infecting cytospora sacchari a plant pathogenic fungus
Plant Pathology Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Mahtab Peyambari, Mina Koohi Habibi, Khalilberdi Fotouhifar, Akbar Dizadji, Marilyn J. RoossinckAbstract:Three double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), approximately 1.85, 1.65 and 1.27 kb in size, were detected in an isolate of Cytospora sacchari from Iran. Partial nucleotide sequence revealed a 1,284 bp segment containing one ORF that potentially encodes a 405 aa protein. This protein contains conserved motifs related to RNA dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) that showed similarity to RdRps of Partitiviruses. The results indicate that these dsRNAs represent a novel Partitivirus that we tentatively designate Cytospora sacchari Partitivirus (CsPV). Treatment of the fungal strain by cyclohexamide and also hyphal tip culture had no effect on removing the putative virus. Phylogenetic analysis of putative RdRp of CsPV and other Partitiviruses places CsPV as a member of the genus Partitivirus in the family Partitiviridae, and clustering with Aspergillus ochraceous virus 1.
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Lifestyles of plant viruses
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B Biological sciences, 2010Co-Authors: Marilyn J. RoossinckAbstract:The vast majority of well-characterized eukaryotic viruses are those that cause acute or chronic infections in humans and domestic plants and animals. However, asymptomatic persistent viruses have been described in animals, and are thought to be sources for emerging acute viruses. Although not previously described in these terms, there are also many viruses of plants that maintain a persistent lifestyle. They have been largely ignored because they do not generally cause disease. The persistent viruses in plants belong to the family Partitiviridae or the genus Endornavirus. These groups also have members that infect fungi. Phylogenetic analysis of the Partitivirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase genes suggests that these viruses have been transmitted between plants and fungi. Additional families of viruses traditionally thought to be fungal viruses are also found frequently in plants, and may represent a similar scenario of persistent lifestyles, and some acute or chronic viruses of crop plants may maintain a persistent lifestyle in wild plants. Persistent, chronic and acute lifestyles of plant viruses are contrasted from both a functional and evolutionary perspective, and the potential role of these lifestyles in host evolution is discussed.
Eeva J Vainio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mixed infection by a Partitivirus and a negative sense rna virus related to mymonaviruses in the polypore fungus bondarzewia berkeleyi
Virus Research, 2020Co-Authors: Eeva J Vainio, Suvi SutelaAbstract:Abstract Virus communities of forest fungi remain poorly characterized. In this study, we detected two new viruses co-infecting an isolate of the polypore fungus Bondarzewia berkeleyi using high-throughput sequencing. One of them was a putative new Partitivirus designated as Bondarzewia berkeleyi Partitivirus 1 (BbPV1), with two linear dsRNA genome segments of 1928 and 1863 bp encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) of 591 aa and a putative capsid protein of 538 aa. The other virus, designated as Bondarzewia berkeleyi negative-strand RNA virus 1 (BbNSRV1), had a non-segmented negative-sense RNA genome of 10,983 nt and was related to members of family Mymonaviridae. The BbNSRV1 genome includes six predicted open reading frames (ORFs) of 279, 425, 230, 174, 200 and 1970 aa. The longest ORF contained conserved regions corresponding to Mononegavirales RdRP and mRNA-capping enzyme region V constituting the mononegavirus Large protein. In addition, a low level of sequence identity was detected between the putative nucleocapsid protein-coding ORF2 of Lentinula edodes negative-strand RNA virus 1 and BbNSRV1. The viruses characterized in this study are the first ones described in Bondarzewia spp., and BbNSRV1 is the second mymona-like virus described in a basidiomycete host.
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Data_Sheet_1_AlphaPartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth.PDF
2019Co-Authors: Muhammad Kashif, Eeva J Vainio, Jaana Jurvansuu, Jarkko HantulaAbstract:Heterobasidion spp. root rot fungi are highly destructive forest pathogens of the northern boreal forests, and are known to host a diverse community of Partitiviruses. The transmission of these mycoviruses occurs horizontally among host strains via mycelial anastomoses. We revealed using dual cultures that virus transmission rates are affected by pre-existing virus infections among two strains of H. annosum. The transmission efficacy of mycovirus HetPV15-pa1 to a pre-infected host was elevated from zero to 50% by the presence of HetPV13-an1, and a double infection of these viruses in the donor resulted in an overall transmission rate of 90% to a Partitivirus-free recipient. On contrary, pre-existing virus infections of two closely related strains of HetPV11 hindered each other's transmission, but had unexpectedly dissimilar effects on the transmission of more distantly related viruses. The co-infection of HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 significantly reduced host growth, whereas double infections including HetPV11 strains had variable effects. Moreover, the results showed that RdRp transcripts are generally more abundant than capsid protein (CP) transcripts and the four different virus strains express unique transcripts ratios of RdRp and CP. Taken together, the results show that the interplay between co-infecting viruses and their host is extremely complex and highly unpredictable.
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AlphaPartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
Frontiers Media S.A., 2019Co-Authors: Muhammad Kashif, Eeva J Vainio, Jaana Jurvansuu, Jarkko HantulaAbstract:Heterobasidion spp. root rot fungi are highly destructive forest pathogens of the northern boreal forests, and are known to host a diverse community of Partitiviruses. The transmission of these mycoviruses occurs horizontally among host strains via mycelial anastomoses. We revealed using dual cultures that virus transmission rates are affected by pre-existing virus infections among two strains of H. annosum. The transmission efficacy of mycovirus HetPV15-pa1 to a pre-infected host was elevated from zero to 50% by the presence of HetPV13-an1, and a double infection of these viruses in the donor resulted in an overall transmission rate of 90% to a Partitivirus-free recipient. On contrary, pre-existing virus infections of two closely related strains of HetPV11 hindered each other's transmission, but had unexpectedly dissimilar effects on the transmission of more distantly related viruses. The co-infection of HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 significantly reduced host growth, whereas double infections including HetPV11 strains had variable effects. Moreover, the results showed that RdRp transcripts are generally more abundant than capsid protein (CP) transcripts and the four different virus strains express unique transcripts ratios of RdRp and CP. Taken together, the results show that the interplay between co-infecting viruses and their host is extremely complex and highly unpredictable
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Distribution of Viruses Inhabiting Heterobasidion annosum in a Pine-Dominated Forest Plot in Southern Finland
Microbial Ecology, 2017Co-Authors: Rafiqul Hyder, Heikki Nuorteva, Tuula Piri, Jarkko Hantula, Eeva J VainioAbstract:We investigated the diversity and spatial distribution of viruses infecting strains of the root rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum collected from pine stumps at a heavily infected forest site. Four different Partitiviruses were detected in 14 H. annosum isolates at the study site, constituting approximately 29% of all Heterobasidion isolates investigated (N = 48). Two of the viruses detected were new Partitiviruses designated here as Heterobasidion Partitivirus 16 (HetPV16) and HetPV20, and two were previously known Partitiviruses: HetPV7 and HetPV13. The two new Partitiviruses found, HetPV16-an1 and HetPV20-an1, shared ~70% RdRp nucleotide sequence identity with the alphaPartitivirus Rosellinia necatrix Partitivirus 2, and less than 40% identity with known viruses of Heterobasidion spp. HetPV7-an1 was closely similar to HetPV7-pa1 isolated earlier from Heterobasidion parviporum, supporting the view of conspecific virus pools in different Heterobasidion species. Three fungal isolates were found to be co-infected with two different Partitivirus strains (HetPV7-an1 and HetPV13-an2 or HetPV16-an1 and HetPV20-an1). Different isolates representing each host clone had variable virus compositions, and virus strains occurring in more than one host clone showed minor sequence variations between clones.
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heterobasidion wood decay fungi host diverse and globally distributed viruses related to helicobasidium mompa Partitivirus v70
Virus Research, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Kashif, Rafiqul Hyder, Jarkko Hantula, D De Vega Perez, Eeva J VainioAbstract:Abstract Viruses of the Partitiviridae family occur at a relatively low frequency in the fungal genus Heterobasidion, but show high genetic diversity. Here, we describe four novel Partitivirus species that infect three Heterobasidion species that are pathogens of conifers: H. annosum, H. parviporum and H. irregulare. We show that these viruses, designated Heterobasidion Partitivirus 12 (HetPV12), HetPV13, HetPV14 and HetPV15, form a phylogenetically distinct clade together with the previously described Heterobasidion Partitivirus 3 (HetPV3) found in the H. insulare species complex and Helicobasidium mompa Partitivirus V70, both members of the genus AlphaPartitivirus. Closely related strains of HetPV13 (over 97% polymerase identity at the nucleotide level) occur in H. annosum and H. parviporum, suggesting recent transmission of this virus species between the two fungal host species. Moreover, the occurrence of nearly identical HetPV13 strains in Finland and Poland (ca 1400 km apart) indicates that the dispersal capacity of Heterobasidion Partitiviruses is high. Viruses related to HetPV3 have a global distribution but only ca 2.7% overall prevalence among isolates of Heterobasidion. In three cases, these HetPV3-related viruses co-infected their hosts with distantly related Partitiviruses or Heterobasidion RNA virus 6.
Jarkko Hantula - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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AlphaPartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
Frontiers Media S.A., 2019Co-Authors: Muhammad Kashif, Eeva J Vainio, Jaana Jurvansuu, Jarkko HantulaAbstract:Heterobasidion spp. root rot fungi are highly destructive forest pathogens of the northern boreal forests, and are known to host a diverse community of Partitiviruses. The transmission of these mycoviruses occurs horizontally among host strains via mycelial anastomoses. We revealed using dual cultures that virus transmission rates are affected by pre-existing virus infections among two strains of H. annosum. The transmission efficacy of mycovirus HetPV15-pa1 to a pre-infected host was elevated from zero to 50% by the presence of HetPV13-an1, and a double infection of these viruses in the donor resulted in an overall transmission rate of 90% to a Partitivirus-free recipient. On contrary, pre-existing virus infections of two closely related strains of HetPV11 hindered each other's transmission, but had unexpectedly dissimilar effects on the transmission of more distantly related viruses. The co-infection of HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 significantly reduced host growth, whereas double infections including HetPV11 strains had variable effects. Moreover, the results showed that RdRp transcripts are generally more abundant than capsid protein (CP) transcripts and the four different virus strains express unique transcripts ratios of RdRp and CP. Taken together, the results show that the interplay between co-infecting viruses and their host is extremely complex and highly unpredictable
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Data_Sheet_1_AlphaPartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth.PDF
2019Co-Authors: Muhammad Kashif, Eeva J Vainio, Jaana Jurvansuu, Jarkko HantulaAbstract:Heterobasidion spp. root rot fungi are highly destructive forest pathogens of the northern boreal forests, and are known to host a diverse community of Partitiviruses. The transmission of these mycoviruses occurs horizontally among host strains via mycelial anastomoses. We revealed using dual cultures that virus transmission rates are affected by pre-existing virus infections among two strains of H. annosum. The transmission efficacy of mycovirus HetPV15-pa1 to a pre-infected host was elevated from zero to 50% by the presence of HetPV13-an1, and a double infection of these viruses in the donor resulted in an overall transmission rate of 90% to a Partitivirus-free recipient. On contrary, pre-existing virus infections of two closely related strains of HetPV11 hindered each other's transmission, but had unexpectedly dissimilar effects on the transmission of more distantly related viruses. The co-infection of HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 significantly reduced host growth, whereas double infections including HetPV11 strains had variable effects. Moreover, the results showed that RdRp transcripts are generally more abundant than capsid protein (CP) transcripts and the four different virus strains express unique transcripts ratios of RdRp and CP. Taken together, the results show that the interplay between co-infecting viruses and their host is extremely complex and highly unpredictable.
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Distribution of Viruses Inhabiting Heterobasidion annosum in a Pine-Dominated Forest Plot in Southern Finland
Microbial Ecology, 2017Co-Authors: Rafiqul Hyder, Heikki Nuorteva, Tuula Piri, Jarkko Hantula, Eeva J VainioAbstract:We investigated the diversity and spatial distribution of viruses infecting strains of the root rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum collected from pine stumps at a heavily infected forest site. Four different Partitiviruses were detected in 14 H. annosum isolates at the study site, constituting approximately 29% of all Heterobasidion isolates investigated (N = 48). Two of the viruses detected were new Partitiviruses designated here as Heterobasidion Partitivirus 16 (HetPV16) and HetPV20, and two were previously known Partitiviruses: HetPV7 and HetPV13. The two new Partitiviruses found, HetPV16-an1 and HetPV20-an1, shared ~70% RdRp nucleotide sequence identity with the alphaPartitivirus Rosellinia necatrix Partitivirus 2, and less than 40% identity with known viruses of Heterobasidion spp. HetPV7-an1 was closely similar to HetPV7-pa1 isolated earlier from Heterobasidion parviporum, supporting the view of conspecific virus pools in different Heterobasidion species. Three fungal isolates were found to be co-infected with two different Partitivirus strains (HetPV7-an1 and HetPV13-an2 or HetPV16-an1 and HetPV20-an1). Different isolates representing each host clone had variable virus compositions, and virus strains occurring in more than one host clone showed minor sequence variations between clones.
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heterobasidion wood decay fungi host diverse and globally distributed viruses related to helicobasidium mompa Partitivirus v70
Virus Research, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Kashif, Rafiqul Hyder, Jarkko Hantula, D De Vega Perez, Eeva J VainioAbstract:Abstract Viruses of the Partitiviridae family occur at a relatively low frequency in the fungal genus Heterobasidion, but show high genetic diversity. Here, we describe four novel Partitivirus species that infect three Heterobasidion species that are pathogens of conifers: H. annosum, H. parviporum and H. irregulare. We show that these viruses, designated Heterobasidion Partitivirus 12 (HetPV12), HetPV13, HetPV14 and HetPV15, form a phylogenetically distinct clade together with the previously described Heterobasidion Partitivirus 3 (HetPV3) found in the H. insulare species complex and Helicobasidium mompa Partitivirus V70, both members of the genus AlphaPartitivirus. Closely related strains of HetPV13 (over 97% polymerase identity at the nucleotide level) occur in H. annosum and H. parviporum, suggesting recent transmission of this virus species between the two fungal host species. Moreover, the occurrence of nearly identical HetPV13 strains in Finland and Poland (ca 1400 km apart) indicates that the dispersal capacity of Heterobasidion Partitiviruses is high. Viruses related to HetPV3 have a global distribution but only ca 2.7% overall prevalence among isolates of Heterobasidion. In three cases, these HetPV3-related viruses co-infected their hosts with distantly related Partitiviruses or Heterobasidion RNA virus 6.
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molecular characterization of hetrv8 ir1 a Partitivirus of the invasive conifer pathogenic fungus heterobasidion irregulare
Archives of Virology, 2013Co-Authors: Eeva J Vainio, Paolo Capretti, Emma Motta, Jarkko HantulaAbstract:The Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. complex includes some of the most destructive conifer pathogenic fungi in the Boreal forest region. H. irregulare, formerly known as the North American pine type of H. annosum, was introduced from North America into Italy during the Second World War and occurs as an invasive pathogen in Pinus pinea stands together with the native European species H. annosum sensu stricto. We describe the complete nucleotide sequence of a new putative Partitivirus from an Italian strain of H. irregulare. The bisegmented genome of HetRV8-ir1 encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of 704 aa and a capsid protein of 638 aa. The polymerase and capsid aa sequences are relatively similar (59-78 %) to those of Fusarium poae virus 1, Pleurotus ostreatus virus 1, and grapevine-associated Partitivirus 1. HetRV8-ir1 is the first virus described from H. irregulare, and it is distantly related to previously known Partitiviruses of Heterobasidion species.
Vaskar Thapa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phylogeographic analysis of pseudogymnoascus destructans Partitivirus pa explains the spread dynamics of white nose syndrome in north america
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Vaskar Thapa, Gregory G Turner, Marilyn J. RoossinckAbstract:Understanding the dynamics of white-nose syndrome spread in time and space is an important component for the disease epidemiology and control. We reported earlier that a novel Partitivirus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans Partitivirus-pa, had infected the North American isolates of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungal pathogen that causes white-nose syndrome in bats. We showed that the diversity of the viral coat protein sequences is correlated to their geographical origin. Here we hypothesize that the geographical adaptation of the virus could be used as a proxy to characterize the spread of white-nose syndrome. We used over 100 virus isolates from diverse locations in North America and applied the phylogeographic analysis tool BEAST to characterize the spread of the disease. The strict clock phylogeographic analysis under the coalescent model in BEAST showed a patchy spread pattern of white-nose syndrome driven from a few source locations including Connecticut, New York, West Virginia, and Kentucky. The source states had significant support in the maximum clade credibility tree and Bayesian stochastic search variable selection analysis. Although the geographic origin of the virus is not definite, it is likely the virus infected the fungus prior to the spread of white-nose syndrome in North America. We also inferred from the BEAST analysis that the recent long-distance spread of the fungus to Washington had its root in Kentucky, likely from the Mammoth cave area and most probably mediated by a human. The time to the most recent common ancestor of the virus is estimated somewhere between the late 1990s to early 2000s. We found the mean substitution rate of 2 X 10-3 substitutions per site per year for the virus which is higher than expected given the persistent lifestyle of the virus, and the stamping-machine mode of replication. Our approach of using the virus as a proxy to understand the spread of white-nose syndrome could be an important tool for the study and management of other infectious diseases.
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using a novel Partitivirus in pseudogymnoascus destructans to understand the epidemiology of white nose syndrome
PLOS Pathogens, 2016Co-Authors: Vaskar Thapa, Gregory G Turner, Susan Hafenstein, Barrie E Overton, Karen J Vanderwolf, Marilyn J. RoossinckAbstract:White-nose syndrome is one of the most lethal wildlife diseases, killing over 5 million North American bats since it was first reported in 2006. The causal agent of the disease is a psychrophilic filamentous fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans. The fungus is widely distributed in North America and Europe and has recently been found in some parts of Asia, but interestingly, no mass mortality is observed in European or Asian bats. Here we report a novel double-stranded RNA virus found in North American isolates of the fungus and show that the virus can be used as a tool to study the epidemiology of White-nose syndrome. The virus, termed Pseudogymnoascus destructans Partitivirus-pa, contains 2 genomic segments, dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2 of 1.76 kbp and 1.59 kbp respectively, each possessing a single open reading frame, and forms isometric particles approximately 30 nm in diameter, characteristic of the genus GammaPartitivirus in the family Partitiviridae. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus is closely related to Penicillium stoloniferum virus S. We were able to cure P. destructans of the virus by treating fungal cultures with polyethylene glycol. Examination of 62 isolates of P. destructans including 35 from United States, 10 from Canada and 17 from Europe showed virus infection only in North American isolates of the fungus. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis using nucleotide sequences of the viral coat protein geographically clustered North American isolates indicating fungal spread followed by local adaptation of P. destructans in different regions of the United States and Canada. This is the first demonstration that a mycovirus potentially can be used to study fungal disease epidemiology.
Jie Zhong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a novel Partitivirus that confer hypovirulence to the plant pathogenic fungus colletotrichum liriopes
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2021Co-Authors: Junzi Zhu, Jun Guo, Xu Tong Zhang, Jie ZhongAbstract:Here, we report a novel double-stranded RNA virus designated Colletotrichum liriopes Partitivirus 1 (ClPV1) from the plant pathogenic fungus C. liriopes. ClPV1 genome has two double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), named as dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2, which in the lengths of 1,807 and 1,706 bp, respectively. The dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2 encoded proteins showing significant amino acid (aa) sequence identity to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and coat protein (CP) of Partitiviruses, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis using the aa sequences of RdRp and CP indicated that ClPV1 was grouped to members of the putative EpsilonPartitivirus genus in the Partitiviridae family. Spherical viral particles in approximately 35 nm in diameter and packaging the ClPV1 genome were isolated. Virus elimination and virus transfection with purified viral particles, and biological comparison revealed that ClPV1 could reduce the virulence and conidia production of C. liriopes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of mycovirus in C. liriopes fungus.
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molecular characterization of a novel Partitivirus and a fusarivirus coinfecting the fungus nigrospora sphaerica
Archives of Virology, 2021Co-Authors: Jie Zhong, Ze Zhong Yang, Xin Yang, Zhao Jiang Guo, Wen Xie, Youjun ZhangAbstract:In this report, we describe the molecular characterization of two novel mycoviruses coinfecting the plant pathogenic fungus Nigrospora sphaerica, which were designated "Nigrospora sphaerica fusarivirus 1" (NsFV1) and "Nigrospora sphaerica Partitivirus 1" (NsPV1). NsFV1 has an undivided genome measuring 6,147 nt, excluding the polyA tail, and was predicted to contain two nonoverlapping open reading frames (ORF1 and 2). The larger ORF1 encodes a polyprotein containing a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and a helicase domain that has functions related to RNA replication, and the smaller ORF2 encodes a putative protein with an unknown function. NsPV1 consists of two genome segments, which measure 1,796 bp and 1,455 bp in length. Each of the two dsRNAs has a single ORF, and they are predicted to encode proteins with homology to viral RdRps and coat proteins of members of the family Partitiviridae. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NsFV1 is a member of the recently proposed family "Fusariviridae", while NsPV1 was determined to belong to the genus GammaPartitivirus in the family Partitiviridae. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to describe mycoviruses infecting N. sphaerica.
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complete nucleotide sequence of a novel Partitivirus infecting the plant pathogenic fungus phomopsis vexans
Archives of Virology, 2021Co-Authors: Chao Jun Zhang, Xin Yu Zhou, Jie Zhong, Jun Guo, Xiao Ping Yang, Hong Jian ZhuAbstract:Here, we report the molecular characterization of a novel Partitivirus from Phomopsis vexans strain PvHZ002, a plant-pathogenic fungus infecting eggplant. The virus was designated "Phomopsis vexans Partitivirus 1" (PvPV1). PvPV1 contains two dsRNA segments, dsRNA1 and dsRNA2, which are 1,662 bp and 1,628 bp long, respectively. Each segment contains a single open reading frame, putatively encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (dsRNA 1) and capsid protein (dsRNA 2). A homology search and phylogenetic analysis showed that PvPV1 clustered with viruses of the genus DeltaPartitivirus of the family Partitiviridae.
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A novel nonsegmented double-stranded RNA mycovirus identified in the phytopathogenic fungus Nigrospora oryzae shows similarity to Partitivirus-like viruses.
Archives of Virology, 2015Co-Authors: Qian Zhou, Jie Zhong, Bi Da GaoAbstract:Nigrospora oryzae is a pathogen that can infect plants of various species. Here, we report the isolation of a novel mycovirus from N. oryzae infecting rice, as well as the complete genome sequence and genomic organization of this virus, which we have named "Nigrospora oryzae nonsegmented RNA virus 1" (NoNRV1). The genome of NoNRV1 contained two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2) potentially encoding a protein with an unknown function in ORF1 and a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in ORF2. Homology and phylogenetic analysis revealed that NoNRV1 was most similar to the Ustilaginoidea virens nonsegmented virus 1 (UvNV-1) and distantly related to members of the virus family Partitiviridae. It is proposed that NoNRV1, together with UvNV-1 and other related viruses, might represent a novel virus taxon of mycoviruses belonging to a Partitivirus-like lineage.
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detection and sequence analysis of two novel co infecting double strand rna mycoviruses in ustilaginoidea virens
Archives of Virology, 2014Co-Authors: Jie Zhong, Ge Song, Ya Dong Zhang, Yi ChenAbstract:Four novel double-stranded RNA molecules, named dsRNA 1 (5124 bp), dsRNA 2(1711 bp), dsRNA 3 (1423 bp) and dsRNA 4 (855 bp), were detected in strain HNHS-1 of Ustilaginoidea virens, the causal agent of rice false smut disease. Sequence analysis showed that the dsRNA1 contains two overlapping open reading frames (ORF) potentially encoding proteins with modest levels of sequence similarity to the coat protein (CP) and putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively, of viruses of the family Totiviridae. The deduced gene product of the ORF encoded by dsRNA2 is homologous to putative RdRp of viruses in the family Partitiviridae; the ORF encoded by dsRNA3 shares some similarity to a hypothetical protein with unknown function. It is noteworthy that the dsRNA4 lacked integrated ORFs. Isomeric viral particles of about 40 nm in diameter were observed by transmission electron microscopy in a mycelium tissue preparation of strain HNHS-1-R1, a single-spore subculture of strain HNHS-1 containing only the dsRNA1 segment. Phylogenetic analysis and examination of the organization of the two putative RdRp sequences both indicated that there are at least two novel virus species present in strain HNHS-1. We named the two novel viruses Ustilaginoidea virens RNA virus 2 and Ustilaginoidea virens Partitivirus 4, respectively.
