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Paolo Guidetti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Population dynamics and post‐settlement mortality of the ornate wrasse, Thalassoma Pavo, in the Tyrrhenian Sea (western Mediterranean)
Italian Journal of Zoology, 2020Co-Authors: Paolo GuidettiAbstract:Abstract Population dynamics and post‐settlement mortality of the ornate wrasse, Thalassoma Pavo, were studied by visual censuses from July 1997 to December 1998 at the Island of Ischia (Gulf of Naples, western Mediterranean). The size classes best represented throughout the year encompassed specimens from 9 to 17 cm in length, chiefly females and, to a lesser extent, terminal phase males. Fish longer than 18 cm (mainly terminal phase males) were rare during the winter‐spring period, while they slightly increased in abundance from July‐August to November. Newly settled T. Pavo juveniles, which display distinct livery patterns from adults, arrived in late August‐early September, reaching settlement abundance peaks in mid‐September, both in 1997 and 1998. During the first year of study, juveniles survived the winter period and were recruited into the adult population, whereas the following year they completely disappeared during November. Due to the well‐known thermophily of the studied species, the signifi...
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evolution of coral reef fish thalassoma spp labridae 2 evolution of the eastern atlantic species
Marine Biology, 2004Co-Authors: Dominique Costagliola, Peter Wirtz, D R Robertson, J B Heiser, Paolo Guidetti, Sergio Stefanni, Giacomo BernardiAbstract:The genetic relationships within and among congeneric species of marine fish from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean are poorly known. Relationships among all five species of the wrasse genus Thalassoma present in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean were examined using sequence data from the mitochondrial control region. Sampling was focused on the mid-Atlantic T. sanctaehelenae (Valenciennes, 1839) and T. ascensionis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834), the eastern Atlantic T. newtoni (Osorio, 1891) from Sao Tome, and the eastern Atlantic/Mediterranean T. Pavo (Linnaeus, 1758). Two western Atlantic species T. bifasciatum (Bloch, 1791) from the Caribbean and T. noronhanum (Boulenger, 1890) from Brazil served as outgroups. Tissues from a total of 132 individuals were sequenced. T. newtoni from Sao Tome preferentially grouped with the central Atlantic T. sanctaehelenae and T. ascensionis. T. Pavo exhibits two distinct coloration patterns, one in the Cape Verde Islands and one in the eastern Atlantic Islands and Mediterranean. However, no genetic discontinuities between the Cape Verde Islands and the remaining samples or between Atlantic and Mediterranean individuals were found. Within Mediterranean populations of T. Pavo, our data suggested the presence of a genetic break between eastern and western regions.
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spacial distribution patterns of coris julis and thalassoma Pavo pisces labridae along the south eastern apulian coast se italy
Thalassia Salentina, 2004Co-Authors: Paolo Guidetti, Paolo DambrosioAbstract:En Distribution patterns of two labrid fish, namely Coris julis and Thalassoma Pavo, were assessed by visual census in autumn 2000 at four locations (with three sites per location), and at different depth levels (from 0 to about 30 m depth) in SE Apulia (SE Italy). Total abundance and juvenile density of T. Pavo tended to be greater in shallow waters to about 10 m depth, in spite of some differences occurred at the scale of sites. Conversely, C. julis showed low densities in waters shallower than 5 m, and higher values from 5 down to about 30 m depth. In the case of C. julis, differences in the pattern related to depth occurred at both the spatial scales examined (among locations and among sites within location). The patterns observed for the two species concerned both adult and juvenile fishes, which suggests the absence of evident ontogenetic shifts in habitat use during their life history. The results presented here suggest that the two species could segregate according to depth. T. Pavo, due to its well known thermophily, could thus overcompete C. julis at very shallow depths where seawaters are warmer because of the seasonal thermocline (at least during the period of the year when sampling was performed). The patterns observed in this study may also provide useful information about the scenario that could take shape in areas of the NW Mediterranean, such as the Ligurian Sea, where T. Pavo started increasing in abundance in the recent years. It Le modalita di distribuzione di due specie ittiche appartenenti alla famiglia dei labridi, Coris julis e Thalassoma Pavo, sono state indagate tramite visual census nell’autunno 2000 presso 4 localita (con 3 siti presso ogni localita) e 4 differenti livelli batimetrici (tra 0 e circa 30 m) nella Puglia sud-orientale. L’abbondanza totale e quella dei giovanili di T. Pavo e risultata maggiore nelle acque poco profonde fino a circa 10 m, malgrado una certa variabilita osservata alla scala dei siti. Per contro, C. julis ha mostrato densita minori a profondita inferiori ai 5 m e valori piu elevati tra i 5 ed i 30 m. Nel caso di C. julis, le differenze nella distribuzione in relazione alla profondita sono risultate chiare ad entrambe le scale spaziali indagate (tra localita e tra siti presso ogni localita). Le modalita osservate per le due specie hanno riguardato sia gli individui adulti sia i giovanili: cio suggerisce l’assenza di evidenti ‘shift’ ontogenetici nell’uso degli habitat durante il ciclo vitale. Questi risultati suggeriscono che le due specie potrebbero segregarsi in relazione alla profondita. T. Pavo, a causa della sua ben nota termofilia, potrebbe cosi risultare competitivamente superiore a C. julis a basse profondita dove le acque sono piu calde a causa del termoclino stagionale (almeno durante i periodi dell’anno in cui i campionamenti sono stati eseguiti). Tali risultati possono anche fornire utili indicazioni sul possibile scenario che potrebbe verificarsi nelle aree del mediterraneo nord-occidentale, come il mar Ligure, dove T. Pavo ha cominciato ad aumentare in abbondanza in anni recenti.
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Abundance and size structure of Thalassoma Pavo (Pisces: Labridae) in the western Mediterranean Sea: variability at different spatial scales
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2002Co-Authors: Paolo Guidetti, Carlo Nike Bianchi, Gabriele La Mesa, Carla Morri, Giampietro Sara, M. Modena, Marino VacchiAbstract:The present study was carried out during the summer of 1997 in three locations of the western Italian coast (La Spezia, Ligurian Sea; Ischia, central Tyrrhenian Sea; Ustica, southern Tyrrhenian Sea) to investigate variability in abundance and size structure of the labrid fish Thalassoma Pavo along a latitudinal gradient and over different spatial scales. Fish abundance and size were estimated by visual census in shallow rocky reefs. Significant differences were detected in average abundances of T. Pavo (with and without the contribution of juveniles) among locations (separated by a distance of hundreds of kilometres from each other) and over the smallest scale examined (i.e. among sites located tens of metres from each other). However, most variability was explained considering the largest spatial scale associated with the latitudinal gradient. Average abundances generally decreased from the southern Tyrrhenian to the Ligurian Sea. In terms of frequency, juveniles (
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population dynamics and post settlement mortality of the ornate wrasse thalassoma Pavo in the tyrrhenian sea western mediterranean
Italian Journal of Zoology, 2001Co-Authors: Paolo GuidettiAbstract:Abstract Population dynamics and post‐settlement mortality of the ornate wrasse, Thalassoma Pavo, were studied by visual censuses from July 1997 to December 1998 at the Island of Ischia (Gulf of Naples, western Mediterranean). The size classes best represented throughout the year encompassed specimens from 9 to 17 cm in length, chiefly females and, to a lesser extent, terminal phase males. Fish longer than 18 cm (mainly terminal phase males) were rare during the winter‐spring period, while they slightly increased in abundance from July‐August to November. Newly settled T. Pavo juveniles, which display distinct livery patterns from adults, arrived in late August‐early September, reaching settlement abundance peaks in mid‐September, both in 1997 and 1998. During the first year of study, juveniles survived the winter period and were recruited into the adult population, whereas the following year they completely disappeared during November. Due to the well‐known thermophily of the studied species, the signifi...
Giacomo Bernardi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tropical fishes in a temperate sea evolution of the wrasse thalassoma Pavo and the parrotfish sparisoma cretense in the mediterranean and the adjacent macaronesian and cape verde archipelagos
Marine Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Vera Dos Santos Domingues, Markos Alexandrou, Vitor Carvalho Almada, Ross D Robertson, Alberto Brito, Ricardo S Santos, Giacomo BernardiAbstract:The northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea share geological histories and display great faunal affinities. The majority of the Mediterranean species have Atlantic origins, with a few species with tropical affinities. These include the parrotfish Sparisoma cretense and the wrasse Thalassoma Pavo that are restricted to the subtropical northeastern Atlantic, the Macaronesian archipelagos (Azores, Madeira, and Canaries) and the southern Mediterranean. The Pleistocene glaciations have been described as having different effects on the fauna of the two regions. During glacial peaks, Mediterranean waters remained warmer than those of the adjacent Atlantic. Within the eastern Atlantic, the effects of Pleistocene glaciations were differentiated. Here, we perform a comparative analysis focusing on T. Pavo and S. cretense populations from the northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean to assess the effects of Pleistocene glaciations in these two species. Sequences from the mitochondrial control region were obtained and analyzed combining phylogeographic and demographic approaches. Gene flow between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations was shown to be very high. The Mediterranean populations of T. Pavo and S. cretense showed high levels of genetic diversity, even in the eastern basin, pointing to an ancient colonization event. This suggests that both species must have been able to persist in the Mediterranean during the cold Pleistocene periods. Historical migration estimates revealed a Mediterranean towards Atlantic trend in the case of T. Pavo, which may reflect the re-colonization of areas in the Atlantic by fish that survived the cold phases in relatively warmer Mediterranean refugia. Our data also showed that within the Macaronesian Archipelagos, migrations occurred from Madeira towards the Azores, for both T. Pavo and S. cretense, thus supporting a post-glacial colonization of the Azores by fish that persisted in the warmer region of Madeira. Similar geographic distributions, thermal affinities, and means of dispersion for T. Pavo and S. cretense resulted in a similar response to the effects of Pleistocene glaciations, as evidenced by identical phylogeographic patterns.
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evolution of coral reef fish thalassoma spp labridae 2 evolution of the eastern atlantic species
Marine Biology, 2004Co-Authors: Dominique Costagliola, Peter Wirtz, D R Robertson, J B Heiser, Paolo Guidetti, Sergio Stefanni, Giacomo BernardiAbstract:The genetic relationships within and among congeneric species of marine fish from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean are poorly known. Relationships among all five species of the wrasse genus Thalassoma present in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean were examined using sequence data from the mitochondrial control region. Sampling was focused on the mid-Atlantic T. sanctaehelenae (Valenciennes, 1839) and T. ascensionis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834), the eastern Atlantic T. newtoni (Osorio, 1891) from Sao Tome, and the eastern Atlantic/Mediterranean T. Pavo (Linnaeus, 1758). Two western Atlantic species T. bifasciatum (Bloch, 1791) from the Caribbean and T. noronhanum (Boulenger, 1890) from Brazil served as outgroups. Tissues from a total of 132 individuals were sequenced. T. newtoni from Sao Tome preferentially grouped with the central Atlantic T. sanctaehelenae and T. ascensionis. T. Pavo exhibits two distinct coloration patterns, one in the Cape Verde Islands and one in the eastern Atlantic Islands and Mediterranean. However, no genetic discontinuities between the Cape Verde Islands and the remaining samples or between Atlantic and Mediterranean individuals were found. Within Mediterranean populations of T. Pavo, our data suggested the presence of a genetic break between eastern and western regions.
Rafael Maia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pavo 2 new tools for the spectral and spatial analysis of colour in r
Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Rafael Maia, Hugo Gruson, John A Endler, Thomas E WhiteAbstract:Author(s): Maia, Rafael; Gruson, Hugo; Endler, John; White, Thomas | Abstract: Abstract Biological colouration presents a canvas for the study of ecological and evolutionary processes. Enduring interest in colour-based phenotypes has driven, and been driven by, improved techniques for quantifying colour patterns in ever-more relevant ways, yet the need for flexible, open frameworks for data processing and analysis persists. Here we introduce Pavo 2 , the latest iteration of the R package Pavo . This release represents the extensive refinement and expansion of existing methods, as well as a suite of new tools for the cohesive analysis of the spectral and (now) spatial structure of colour patterns and perception. At its core, the package retains a broad focus on (a) the organisation and processing of spectral and spatial data, and tools for the alternating (b) visualisation, and (c) analysis of data. Significantly, Pavo 2 introduces image-analysis capabilities, providing a cohesive workflow for the comprehensive analysis of colour patterns. We demonstrate the utility of Pavo with a brief example centred on mimicry in Heliconius butterflies. Drawing on visual modelling, adjacency, and boundary strength analyses, we show that the combined spectral (colour and luminance) and spatial (pattern element distribution and boundary salience) features of putative models and mimics are closely aligned. Pavo 2 offers a flexible and reproducible environment for the analysis of colour, with renewed potential to assist researchers in answering fundamental questions in sensory ecology and evolution.
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Pavo 2 0 new tools for the spectral and spatial analysis of colour in r
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Rafael Maia, Hugo Gruson, John A Endler, Thomas E WhiteAbstract:Biological colouration presents a canvas for the study of ecological and evolutionary processes. Enduring interest in colour-based phenotypes has driven, and been driven by, improved techniques for quantifying colour patterns in ever-more relevant ways, yet the need for flexible, open frameworks for data processing and analysis persists. Here we introduce Pavo 2.0, the latest iteration of the R package Pavo. This release represents the extensive refinement and expansion of existing methods, as well as a suite of new tools for the cohesive analysis of the spectral and (now) spatial structure of colour patterns and perception. At its core, the package retains a broad focus on (a) the organisation and processing of spectral and spatial data, and tools for the alternating (b) visualisation, and (c) analysis of data. Significantly, Pavo 2.0 introduces image-analysis capabilities, providing a cohesive workflow for the comprehensive analysis of colour patterns. We demonstrate the utility of Pavo with a brief example centred on mimicry in Heliconius butterflies. Drawing on visual modelling, adjacency, and boundary strength analyses, we show that the combined spectral (colour and luminance) and spatial (pattern element distribution and boundary salience) features of putative models and mimics are closely aligned. Pavo 2.0 offers a flexible and reproducible environment for the analysis of colour, with renewed potential to assist researchers in answering fundamental questions in sensory ecology and evolution.
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Pavo an r package for the analysis visualization and organization of spectral data
Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2013Co-Authors: Rafael Maia, Chad M Eliason, Pierrepaul Bitton, Stephanie M Doucet, Matthew D ShawkeyAbstract:Summary Recent technical and methodological advances have led to a dramatic increase in the use of spectrometry to quantify reflectance properties of biological materials, as well as models to determine how these colours are perceived by animals, providing important insights into ecological and evolutionary aspects of animal visual communication. Despite this growing interest, a unified cross-platform framework for analysing and visualizing spectral data has not been available. We introduce Pavo, an R package that facilitates the organization, visualization and analysis of spectral data in a cohesive framework. Pavo is highly flexible, allowing users to (a) organize and manipulate data from a variety of sources, (b) visualize data using R's state-of-the-art graphics capabilities and (c) analyse data using spectral curve shape properties and visual system modelling for a broad range of taxa. In this paper, we present a summary of the functions implemented in Pavo and how they integrate in a workflow to explore and analyse spectral data. We also present an exact solution for the calculation of colour volume overlap in colourspace, thus expanding previously published methodologies. As an example of Pavo's capabilities, we compare the colour patterns of three African glossy starling species, two of which have diverged very recently. We demonstrate how both colour vision models and direct spectral measurement analysis can be used to describe colour attributes and differences between these species. Different approaches to visual models and several plotting capabilities exemplify the package's versatility and streamlined workflow. Pavo provides a cohesive environment for handling spectral data and addressing complex sensory ecology questions, while integrating with R's modular core for a broader and comprehensive analytical framework, automated management of spectral data and reproducible workflows for colour analysis.
Vera Dos Santos Domingues - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tropical fishes in a temperate sea evolution of the wrasse thalassoma Pavo and the parrotfish sparisoma cretense in the mediterranean and the adjacent macaronesian and cape verde archipelagos
Marine Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Vera Dos Santos Domingues, Markos Alexandrou, Vitor Carvalho Almada, Ross D Robertson, Alberto Brito, Ricardo S Santos, Giacomo BernardiAbstract:The northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea share geological histories and display great faunal affinities. The majority of the Mediterranean species have Atlantic origins, with a few species with tropical affinities. These include the parrotfish Sparisoma cretense and the wrasse Thalassoma Pavo that are restricted to the subtropical northeastern Atlantic, the Macaronesian archipelagos (Azores, Madeira, and Canaries) and the southern Mediterranean. The Pleistocene glaciations have been described as having different effects on the fauna of the two regions. During glacial peaks, Mediterranean waters remained warmer than those of the adjacent Atlantic. Within the eastern Atlantic, the effects of Pleistocene glaciations were differentiated. Here, we perform a comparative analysis focusing on T. Pavo and S. cretense populations from the northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean to assess the effects of Pleistocene glaciations in these two species. Sequences from the mitochondrial control region were obtained and analyzed combining phylogeographic and demographic approaches. Gene flow between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations was shown to be very high. The Mediterranean populations of T. Pavo and S. cretense showed high levels of genetic diversity, even in the eastern basin, pointing to an ancient colonization event. This suggests that both species must have been able to persist in the Mediterranean during the cold Pleistocene periods. Historical migration estimates revealed a Mediterranean towards Atlantic trend in the case of T. Pavo, which may reflect the re-colonization of areas in the Atlantic by fish that survived the cold phases in relatively warmer Mediterranean refugia. Our data also showed that within the Macaronesian Archipelagos, migrations occurred from Madeira towards the Azores, for both T. Pavo and S. cretense, thus supporting a post-glacial colonization of the Azores by fish that persisted in the warmer region of Madeira. Similar geographic distributions, thermal affinities, and means of dispersion for T. Pavo and S. cretense resulted in a similar response to the effects of Pleistocene glaciations, as evidenced by identical phylogeographic patterns.
Thomas E White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pavo 2 new tools for the spectral and spatial analysis of colour in r
Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Rafael Maia, Hugo Gruson, John A Endler, Thomas E WhiteAbstract:Author(s): Maia, Rafael; Gruson, Hugo; Endler, John; White, Thomas | Abstract: Abstract Biological colouration presents a canvas for the study of ecological and evolutionary processes. Enduring interest in colour-based phenotypes has driven, and been driven by, improved techniques for quantifying colour patterns in ever-more relevant ways, yet the need for flexible, open frameworks for data processing and analysis persists. Here we introduce Pavo 2 , the latest iteration of the R package Pavo . This release represents the extensive refinement and expansion of existing methods, as well as a suite of new tools for the cohesive analysis of the spectral and (now) spatial structure of colour patterns and perception. At its core, the package retains a broad focus on (a) the organisation and processing of spectral and spatial data, and tools for the alternating (b) visualisation, and (c) analysis of data. Significantly, Pavo 2 introduces image-analysis capabilities, providing a cohesive workflow for the comprehensive analysis of colour patterns. We demonstrate the utility of Pavo with a brief example centred on mimicry in Heliconius butterflies. Drawing on visual modelling, adjacency, and boundary strength analyses, we show that the combined spectral (colour and luminance) and spatial (pattern element distribution and boundary salience) features of putative models and mimics are closely aligned. Pavo 2 offers a flexible and reproducible environment for the analysis of colour, with renewed potential to assist researchers in answering fundamental questions in sensory ecology and evolution.
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Pavo 2 0 new tools for the spectral and spatial analysis of colour in r
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Rafael Maia, Hugo Gruson, John A Endler, Thomas E WhiteAbstract:Biological colouration presents a canvas for the study of ecological and evolutionary processes. Enduring interest in colour-based phenotypes has driven, and been driven by, improved techniques for quantifying colour patterns in ever-more relevant ways, yet the need for flexible, open frameworks for data processing and analysis persists. Here we introduce Pavo 2.0, the latest iteration of the R package Pavo. This release represents the extensive refinement and expansion of existing methods, as well as a suite of new tools for the cohesive analysis of the spectral and (now) spatial structure of colour patterns and perception. At its core, the package retains a broad focus on (a) the organisation and processing of spectral and spatial data, and tools for the alternating (b) visualisation, and (c) analysis of data. Significantly, Pavo 2.0 introduces image-analysis capabilities, providing a cohesive workflow for the comprehensive analysis of colour patterns. We demonstrate the utility of Pavo with a brief example centred on mimicry in Heliconius butterflies. Drawing on visual modelling, adjacency, and boundary strength analyses, we show that the combined spectral (colour and luminance) and spatial (pattern element distribution and boundary salience) features of putative models and mimics are closely aligned. Pavo 2.0 offers a flexible and reproducible environment for the analysis of colour, with renewed potential to assist researchers in answering fundamental questions in sensory ecology and evolution.
