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Hannah L Jarvis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • can high functioning amputees with state of the art prosthetics walk normally a kinematic and dynamic study of 40 individuals
    Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2021
    Co-Authors: Hannah L Jarvis, Neil D Reeves, Martin Twiste, Rhodri Phillip, John Etherington, Alexander N Bennett
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Previous work has highlighted the highly functional post-rehabilitation level of military individuals who sustained traumatic amputation. Understanding how these individuals walk with their prosthesis could be key to setting a precedent for what is realistically possible in the rehabilitation of individuals with amputations. Objective The aim of this paper is to answer how “normal” should the gait of an individual with an amputation(s) be and can we aspire to mimic able-bodied gait with the most advanced prosthetics in highly functioning individuals? Methods This was a cross-sectional study comparing the gait of severely injured and highly functional UK trans-tibial (n = 10), trans-femoral (n = 10) and bilateral trans-femoral (n = 10) military amputees after completion of their rehabilitation programme to that of able-bodied controls (n = 10). Joint kinematics and kinetics of the pelvis, hip, knee and ankle were measured with 3-D gait analysis during 5 min of walking on level ground at a self-selected speed. Peak Angle, moment or range of motion of intact and prosthetic limbs were compared to control values. Results Joint kinematics of unilateral trans-tibial amputees was similar to that of controls. Individuals with a trans-femoral amputation walked with a more anterior tilted pelvis (P = 0.006), with reduced range of pelvic obliquity (P = 0.0023) and ankle plantarflexion (P  Conclusions This is the first study to provide a comprehensive description of gait patterns of unilateral trans-tibial, trans-femoral and bilateral trans-femoral amputees as compared with healthy able-bodied individuals. The groups differed in joint kinematics and kinetics, but these can be expected in part because of limitations in prosthesis and socket designs. The results from this study could be considered benchmark data for healthcare professionals to compare gait patterns of other individuals with amputation who experienced similar injuries and rehabilitation services.

Albert H Vette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • characterization of normative angular joint kinematics during two functional upper limb tasks
    Gait & Posture, 2019
    Co-Authors: Aida M Valevicius, Quinn A Boser, Ewen B Lavoie, Craig S Chapman, Patrick M Pilarski, Jacqueline S Hebert, Albert H Vette
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Optical motion capture is a powerful tool for assessing upper body kinematics, including compensatory movements, in different populations. However, the lack of a standardized protocol with clear functional relevance hinders its clinical acceptance. Research question The objective of this study was to use motion capture to: (1) characterize angular joint kinematics in a normative population performing two complex, yet standardized upper limb tasks with clear functional relevance; and (2) assess the protocol’s intra-rater reliability. Methods Twenty non-disabled adults performed the previously developed Pasta Box Task and Cup Transfer Task. The kinematics of the upper body were captured using an optoelectronic motion capture system and rigid plates with reflective markers. Angular joint trajectories, Peak Angle, range of motion (RoM), and Peak angular velocity were extracted for the trunk, shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist. Intra-class correlation was used to assess the intra-rater reliability of the kinematic measures. Results Both tasks required minimal trunk motion. Cross-body movements required greater RoM at the trunk, shoulder, and elbow joints compared to movements in front of the body. Reaches to objects further away from the body required greater trunk and elbow joint RoM compared to reaches to objects closer to the body. Transporting the box of pasta required the wrist to maintain an extended position. The two different grasp patterns in the Cup Transfer Task forced the wrist into a flexed and ulnar-deviated position for the near cup, and an extended and radial-deviated position for the far cup. For both tasks, the majority of measures displayed intra-class correlation values above 0.75, indicating good reliability. Significance Our protocol and functional tasks elicit a degree of movement sensitivity that is not available in current clinical assessments. Our study also provides a comprehensive dataset that can serve as a normative benchmark for quantifying movement compensations following impairment.

Alexander N Bennett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • can high functioning amputees with state of the art prosthetics walk normally a kinematic and dynamic study of 40 individuals
    Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2021
    Co-Authors: Hannah L Jarvis, Neil D Reeves, Martin Twiste, Rhodri Phillip, John Etherington, Alexander N Bennett
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Previous work has highlighted the highly functional post-rehabilitation level of military individuals who sustained traumatic amputation. Understanding how these individuals walk with their prosthesis could be key to setting a precedent for what is realistically possible in the rehabilitation of individuals with amputations. Objective The aim of this paper is to answer how “normal” should the gait of an individual with an amputation(s) be and can we aspire to mimic able-bodied gait with the most advanced prosthetics in highly functioning individuals? Methods This was a cross-sectional study comparing the gait of severely injured and highly functional UK trans-tibial (n = 10), trans-femoral (n = 10) and bilateral trans-femoral (n = 10) military amputees after completion of their rehabilitation programme to that of able-bodied controls (n = 10). Joint kinematics and kinetics of the pelvis, hip, knee and ankle were measured with 3-D gait analysis during 5 min of walking on level ground at a self-selected speed. Peak Angle, moment or range of motion of intact and prosthetic limbs were compared to control values. Results Joint kinematics of unilateral trans-tibial amputees was similar to that of controls. Individuals with a trans-femoral amputation walked with a more anterior tilted pelvis (P = 0.006), with reduced range of pelvic obliquity (P = 0.0023) and ankle plantarflexion (P  Conclusions This is the first study to provide a comprehensive description of gait patterns of unilateral trans-tibial, trans-femoral and bilateral trans-femoral amputees as compared with healthy able-bodied individuals. The groups differed in joint kinematics and kinetics, but these can be expected in part because of limitations in prosthesis and socket designs. The results from this study could be considered benchmark data for healthcare professionals to compare gait patterns of other individuals with amputation who experienced similar injuries and rehabilitation services.

Kumiko Nakao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • posterior pole asymmetry analyses of retinal thickness of upper and lower sectors and their association with Peak retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in healthy young eyes
    Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2014
    Co-Authors: Takehiro Yamashita, Taiji Sakamoto, Naoko Kakiuchi, Minoru Tanaka, Yuya Kii, Kumiko Nakao
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE To determine the symmetry of the retinal thicknesses (RT) between the 32 pairs of superior and inferior sectors by posterior pole asymmetrical analysis (PPAA) of the spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic (SD-OCT) images in healthy eyes. In addition, to determine their association with the position of the Peak retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. METHODS A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study of 64 right eyes. The Spectralis SD-OCT was used to obtain the images, and the PPAA determined the RT of the 64 cells within the central 24° area. The program also compared the thicknesses of corresponding cells across the fovea-disc axis. Circular scans were used to measure the supra- and infratemporal RNFL Peak Angle differences (PADs). The relationships between the RT of the corresponding cells and the relationship between the differences of the RT of the corresponding cells and PAD were investigated by linear regression analysis. RESULTS The mean differences between the RT of corresponding cells ranged from 3.1 to 23.2 μm. The RT of all upper cells were significantly correlated with the RT of the corresponding lower cells (R = 0.45-0.97, P < 0.001). The coefficients of correlation between the corresponding pairs of central- and temporal-macular cells were higher than that of the peripheral and nasal-macular cells. The differences of the pairs of nasal-macular cells RT were significantly correlated with the PAD. CONCLUSIONS The symmetry of the RT between the upper and lower cells was high in the central and temporal-macular areas but not in the peripheral and nasal-macular areas. (www.umin.ac.jp/ctr number, UMIN000006040.).

Adam M Rotunda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • objective changes in brow position superior palpebral crease Peak Angle of the eyebrow and jowl surface area after volumetric radiofrequency treatments to half of the face
    Dermatologic Surgery, 2004
    Co-Authors: Walter K Nahm, Thomas T Su, Adam M Rotunda
    Abstract:

    Background. Radiofrequency application through a proprietary device has recently been used for facial tissue tightening. Uniform volumetric heating of the dermis is created by passage of electrical current, while protection of the epidermis is maintained by concurrent cryogen cooling. Objective. To objectively quantify the effectiveness of volumetric radiofrequency application on the face, we treated 10 patients on the left side of the face with radiofrequency and evaluated the changes in brow position, superior palpebral crease, Angle of the eyebrow, and jowl surface area. Methods. Uniform treatments were applied at 134 J/cm2 to the left side of the forehead and 1 cm past midline, at 115 J/cm2 to the left side of temple and cheeks, and at 97 J/cm2 to the left side of the jaw line and inferior postauricular surface. Patients were evaluated at monthly intervals up to 3 months with digital photography. Morphologic changes were evaluated with the “measuring tool” and “Angle tool” of the Mirror Suite imaging system for aligned frontal-view photographs (for eyebrow position, superior palpebral crease elevation, and eyebrow Angle changes) and the “outline tool” for aligned oblique-view photographs (for jowl surface area changes). Results. At the end of 3 months on the side that was treated, patients exhibited on average 4.3 mm of brow elevation and 1.9 mm of superior palpebral crease elevation along the midpupillary line and an average of 2.4 mm of brow elevation along the lateral canthal line. There was no significant improvement of brow elevation along the lateral canthal line on the contralateral side. The Peak Angle of the ipsilateral eyebrow became slightly more acute by an average of 4.5° after treatments. Moreover, the jowls on the lower part of the face, displayed a mean decrease of 22.6% in surface area after treatments. The nontreated side displayed a lack of eyebrow Angle and jowl surface area changes. Conclusions. The application of radiofrequency to the face provides quantifiable changes. The brow along the midpupillary line is elevated to a greater degree than the lateral brow. This is consistent with acute Angle changes seen in the eyebrow. Improvements in the lower part of the face with radiofrequency application can be quantified by demonstrating a decrease jowl surface. Moreover, these measurement techniques can be useful tools for evaluating other treatment parameters with radiofrequency application.