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Nadeem Javaid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • On Maximizing User Comfort Using a Novel Meta-Heuristic Technique in Smart Home
    Advanced Information Networking and Applications, 2020
    Co-Authors: Sajjad Khan, Raza Abid Abbasi, Waleed Ahmad, Zahoor Ali Khan, Nadeem Javaid, Hafiz Muhammad Faisal
    Abstract:

    The day by day increase in population is producing a gap between the demand and supply of electricity. Installation of new electricity geneRation system is not a good solution to tackle the high demand of electricity. To get the most out of the existing system, several demand response schemes have been presented by researchers. These schemes try to schedule the appliances in such a way that electricity consumption cost and Peak-to-Average Ratio are minimized along with maximum user comfort. However, there exists a trade-off between user comfort and electricity consumption cost. In this paper, a novel scheme is developed for the home energy management system to schedule the home appliances in such a way that comforts the consumers economically. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme, comparison is performed with two well known meta-heuristic techniques namely Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) and Jaya Optimization Algorithm (JOA). Experimental results shows that the proposed scheme outperforms FPA and JOA in appliances waiting time reduction. Furthermore, the proposed scheme reduced the electricity consumption cost and peak to average Ratio by 58% and 56% respectively as compared to unscheduled scenario.

  • AINA - On Maximizing User Comfort Using a Novel Meta-Heuristic Technique in Smart Home
    Advanced Information Networking and Applications, 2019
    Co-Authors: Sajjad Khan, Raza Abid Abbasi, Waleed Ahmad, Zahoor Ali Khan, Nadeem Javaid, Hafiz Muhammad Faisal
    Abstract:

    The day by day increase in population is producing a gap between the demand and supply of electricity. Installation of new electricity geneRation system is not a good solution to tackle the high demand of electricity. To get the most out of the existing system, several demand response schemes have been presented by researchers. These schemes try to schedule the appliances in such a way that electricity consumption cost and Peak-to-Average Ratio are minimized along with maximum user comfort. However, there exists a trade-off between user comfort and electricity consumption cost. In this paper, a novel scheme is developed for the home energy management system to schedule the home appliances in such a way that comforts the consumers economically. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme, comparison is performed with two well known meta-heuristic techniques namely Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) and Jaya Optimization Algorithm (JOA). Experimental results shows that the proposed scheme outperforms FPA and JOA in appliances waiting time reduction. Furthermore, the proposed scheme reduced the electricity consumption cost and peak to average Ratio by 58% and 56% respectively as compared to unscheduled scenario.

  • Efficient Scheduling of Smart Home Appliances for Energy Management by Cost and PAR Optimization Algorithm in Smart Grid
    Web Artificial Intelligence and Network Applications, 2019
    Co-Authors: Sahibzada Muhammad Shuja, Murtaza Hanif, Sajjad Khan, Hina Akmal, Qazi Fazalullah, Nadeem Javaid, Zain Ahmad Khan
    Abstract:

    As the energy demand for consumption is comparably higher than the geneRation of energy, which produce the shortage of energy. Many new schemes are being developed to fulfill the energy consumer demand. In this paper, we proposed our meta-heuristic algorithm Runner Updation Optimization Algorithm (RUOA) to schedule the consumption pattern of residential appliances. We compared the results of our scheme with other meta-heuristic algorithm Strawberry Algorithm (SBA) and Firefly Algorithm (FA). Critical Peak Price (CPP) and Real Time Price (RTP) are the two electricity pricing scheme that we used in this paper for calculation of electricity cost. The main objective of this paper is to minimize the electricity cost and Peak to Average Ratio (PAR). However, consumer comfort is not satisfied.

  • AINA - Cost Optimization in Home Energy Management System Using Genetic Algorithm, Bat Algorithm and Hybrid Bat Genetic Algorithm
    2018 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA), 2018
    Co-Authors: Urva Latif, Nadeem Javaid, Syed Shahab Zarin, Asma Jamal, Abdul Mateen
    Abstract:

    Home energy management systems are widely used to cope up with the increasing demand for energy. They help to reduce carbon pollutants generated by excessive burning of fuel and natural resources required for energy geneRation. They also save the budget needed for installing new power plants. Price based automatic demand response (DR) techniques incorporated in these systems shift appliances from high price hours to low price hours to reduce electricity bills and peak to average Ratio (PAR). In this paper, electricity load of home is categorized into three types: base load, shift-able interruptible load and shiftable non-interruptible load. In literature many metaheuristic optimization techniques have been implemented for scheduling of appliances. In this work for the optimization of energy usage genetic algorithm (GA) and bat algorithm (BA) are implemented with time of use (TOU) pricing scheme to schedule appliances to reduce electricity bills, the peak to average Ratio and appliance delay time. A new technique bat genetic algorithm (BGA) has been proposed. It is hybrid of GA and BA. It outperforms GA and BA in terms of cost reduction and peak to average Ratio for single home scenario as well as multiple home scenario. OpeRation time internals (OTIs) 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour have been considered to check their effect on cost reduction, PAR and user comfort (UC).

  • Home Energy Management Using Social Spider and Bacterial Foraging Algorithm
    Advances in Network-Based Information Systems, 2018
    Co-Authors: Waqar Ali, Sayed Ali Asjad Shaukat, A. Rehman, Z. Faiz, Muhammad Junaid, Nadeem Javaid
    Abstract:

    Electricity is a controllable and convenient form of energy and it provides power to appliances. As the population of world is increasing, the electricity demand is also increasing which leads to energy crisis. This problem can be control by using Demand Side Management (DSM) and Energy Management Scheduler (EMS). In this paper, we design EMS for residential area using two heuristic algorithms: Bacteria Foraging Algorithm (BFA) and Social Spider Optimization (SSO) algorithm. Our main objectives are to minimize electricity cost and Peak to Average Ratio (PAR). These algorithms help to shift the load from on-peak to off-peak hours. We use Real Time Price (RTP) signal for electricity bill calculation. Simulation results demonstrate that our designed EMS achieved our objectives effectively. SSO perform better in term of PAR and User Comfort (UC).

Werner Henkel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ISTC - Multi-edge-type LDPC code concatenated with Trellis Shaping for PAR reduction
    2016 9th International Symposium on Turbo Codes and Iterative Information Processing (ISTC), 2016
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This manuscript addresses optimization of irregular Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code concatenated with Trellis Shaping for Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. It takes into account the different error probabilities inside a QAM constellation and from the decoding of the MSBs of the Trellis Shaping.

  • GLOBECOM - Least-squares iterative Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction for MIMO-OFDM systems
    2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference, 2014
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This manuscript addresses Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A new technique for PAR reduction in point-to-point scenarios is proposed. Singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithms usually sort the singular values of a MIMO channel in descending order. The last singular value and the associated eigenchannels of a MIMO-OFDM channel are often very weak. Not using them for data transmission will offer redundancy for PAR reduction. These eigenchannels are used to approximate the peaks which exceed a given target value in a least-squares fashion. This approximated exceedence model is then subtracted from the original signal in time domain for PAR reduction. It has been shown that a remarkable gain can be obtained with the proposed algorithm with a negligible increase in the average power and capacity loss.

  • Least-squares iterative Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction for MIMO-OFDM systems
    2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference GLOBECOM 2014, 2014
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This manuscript addresses Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A new technique for PAR reduction in point-to-point scenarios is proposed. Singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithms usually sort the singular values of a MIMO channel in descending order. The last singular value and the associated eigenchannels of a MIMO-OFDM channel are often very weak. Not using them for data transmission will offer redundancy for PAR reduction. These eigenchannels are used to approximate the peaks which exceed a given target value in a least-squares fashion. This approximated exceedence model is then subtracted from the original signal in time domain for PAR reduction. It has been shown that a remarkable gain can be obtained with the proposed algorithm with a negligible increase in the average power and capacity loss. © 2014 IEEE.

  • Least-squares iterative PAR reduction for point-to-point large-scale MIMO-OFDM systems
    2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications ICC 2014, 2014
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This paper addresses Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We propose a new technique for PAR reduction in point-to-point scenarios. The last eigenchannels of a massive MIMO channel are often very weak. Not using them for data transmission will offer redundancy for PAR reduction. These eigenchannels are used to approximate the peaks which exceed a given target value in a least squares fashion. This approximate exceedence model is then subtracted from the original signal in time domain for PAR reduction. It has been shown through simulation results that a considerable gain can be obtained with the proposed method with marginal increase in the average power and almost negligible loss in the channel capacity.

  • ICCC - Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction with Tone Reservation in multi-user and MIMO OFDM
    2012 1st IEEE International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC), 2012
    Co-Authors: Werner Henkel, Abdul Wakeel, Maja Taseska
    Abstract:

    We extend Tone Reservation for Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction in MIMO-multiuser OFDM scenarios. First, we consider a multi-user BC (broadcast) situation where a precoding is applied at every carrier. This is considered to be a very demanding situation for Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction. Tellado's Tone Reservation, however, is especially suited for this situation, as well. It reserves all spatial dimensions of the reserved carriers and has hence not to take into account possible implications resulting from precoding. Secondly, for a point-to-point (pt2pt) MIMO-OFDM scenario, we assume that the last eigenchannel is too weak to be used for transmission, thus, reserving it will offer redundancy for Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction. The algorithm in both cases completely operates in time domain and is shown to additionally profit from multiple spatial dimensions when iteratively only the highest peak spatial components are processed.

Abdul Wakeel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ISTC - Multi-edge-type LDPC code concatenated with Trellis Shaping for PAR reduction
    2016 9th International Symposium on Turbo Codes and Iterative Information Processing (ISTC), 2016
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This manuscript addresses optimization of irregular Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code concatenated with Trellis Shaping for Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. It takes into account the different error probabilities inside a QAM constellation and from the decoding of the MSBs of the Trellis Shaping.

  • Peak-to-Average Ratio Reduction for MIMO and Multi-user OFDM Systems
    2016
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel
    Abstract:

    A major drawback of MIMO-OFDM systems is its high Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR). The signal is clipped when the peak values are higher than the linear opeRation range of non-linear devices. In order to avoid clipping the signal above a certain threshold, measure must be taken to limit all peaks crossing the threshold value. In this thesis, we therefore investigate and address the PAR problem of different MIMO-OFDM scenarios and provide countermeasures to limit the peak excursions in MIMO-OFDM systems. First, we extend the Tone-Reservation algorithm for PAR reduction of MIMO-OFDM systems. For a point-to-point scenario, a spiky function is generated on the weakest eigenchannel not suited for data transmission. This spiky function is then iteratively used for PAR reduction of the transmit signal. For a multi-user broadcast scenario, the spiky function is generated on a small percent of tones reserved on all spatial dimensions, in the conventional manner. This spiky function is then used to limit the peak excursions of the transmit signal. Second, we introduce a novel Least-Squares iterative PAR reduction algorithm for MIMO-OFDM scenarios. For a P2P scenario, the weakest eigenchannel is used to approximate the peak excursions on the remaining spatial dimensions in a least-squares fashion. This model function is then added to the transmit signal for PAR reduction. The algorithm is thoroughly investigated in terms of the capacity loss and the mean power increase due to the modeled function. Moreover, for a broadcast scenario, we consider that one user is inactive and the channel associated to it is not used. This inactive channel is then used to approximate and model the peak excursions on the remaining spatial dimensions in the similar fashion. In a further part of this thesis, we consider PAR reduction using Trellis Shaping for single antenna systems. We concatenate an optimized irregular LDPC code with Trellis Shaping for PAR reduction.

  • GLOBECOM - Least-squares iterative Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction for MIMO-OFDM systems
    2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference, 2014
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This manuscript addresses Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A new technique for PAR reduction in point-to-point scenarios is proposed. Singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithms usually sort the singular values of a MIMO channel in descending order. The last singular value and the associated eigenchannels of a MIMO-OFDM channel are often very weak. Not using them for data transmission will offer redundancy for PAR reduction. These eigenchannels are used to approximate the peaks which exceed a given target value in a least-squares fashion. This approximated exceedence model is then subtracted from the original signal in time domain for PAR reduction. It has been shown that a remarkable gain can be obtained with the proposed algorithm with a negligible increase in the average power and capacity loss.

  • Least-squares iterative Peak-to-Average Ratio reduction for MIMO-OFDM systems
    2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference GLOBECOM 2014, 2014
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This manuscript addresses Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A new technique for PAR reduction in point-to-point scenarios is proposed. Singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithms usually sort the singular values of a MIMO channel in descending order. The last singular value and the associated eigenchannels of a MIMO-OFDM channel are often very weak. Not using them for data transmission will offer redundancy for PAR reduction. These eigenchannels are used to approximate the peaks which exceed a given target value in a least-squares fashion. This approximated exceedence model is then subtracted from the original signal in time domain for PAR reduction. It has been shown that a remarkable gain can be obtained with the proposed algorithm with a negligible increase in the average power and capacity loss. © 2014 IEEE.

  • Least-squares iterative PAR reduction for point-to-point large-scale MIMO-OFDM systems
    2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications ICC 2014, 2014
    Co-Authors: Abdul Wakeel, Werner Henkel
    Abstract:

    This paper addresses Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We propose a new technique for PAR reduction in point-to-point scenarios. The last eigenchannels of a massive MIMO channel are often very weak. Not using them for data transmission will offer redundancy for PAR reduction. These eigenchannels are used to approximate the peaks which exceed a given target value in a least squares fashion. This approximate exceedence model is then subtracted from the original signal in time domain for PAR reduction. It has been shown through simulation results that a considerable gain can be obtained with the proposed method with marginal increase in the average power and almost negligible loss in the channel capacity.

Ming Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a method of reducing the peak to average Ratio of led current for electrolytic capacitor less ac dc drivers
    IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2010
    Co-Authors: Beibei Wang, Xinbo Ruan, Kai Yao, Ming Xu
    Abstract:

    This paper proposes a concept of electrolytic capacitor-less light-emitting diode (LED) driver, which converts the commercial ac voltage to a pulsating current with twice the line frequency driving high-brightness LEDs. As no electrolytic capacitor is used, this driver possesses the unique advantage of long lifetime to match with that of LEDs. A method of injecting the third and fifth harmonics into the input current to reduce the Peak-to-Average Ratio of the output current is also proposed. While ensuring that the input power factor is higher than 0.9 to meet regulation standards such as ENERGY STAR, the proposed method allows the Peak-to-Average Ratio of the output current to be reduced to 1.34 theoretically, which is beneficial for the safe opeRation of the LEDs. As an example, a flyback-based electrolytic capacitor-less LED driver is proposed, and its opeRation is analyzed. In order to inject the third and fifth harmonics into the input current, the function of the duty cycle in a half-line cycle is derived. It is then simplified to a fitting function, which can be easily implemented with the input voltage sensing. A 25 V, 0.35 A output prototype is built and tested in the laboratory, and the experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the electrolytic capacitor-less LED driver and its control method.

Beibei Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Optimum Injected Current Harmonics to Minimize Peak-to-Average Ratio of LED Current for Electrolytic Capacitor-Less AC–DC Drivers
    IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2011
    Co-Authors: Xinbo Ruan, Beibei Wang, Shu Wang
    Abstract:

    The lifetime of an ac-dc LED driver can be increased by eliminating the electrolytic capacitor. Unfortunately, it results in pulsation with twice the line frequency in the driving current. Injection of the third and fifth harmonics into the input current can reduce the Peak-to-Average Ratio of the driving current, which is beneficial for reliable opeRation of the LEDs. This letter discusses the relationship between the Peak-to-Average Ratio and the injected harmonics, and the optimum injected third and fifth harmonics to minimize the Peak-to-Average Ratio are obtained, while ensuring that the input power factor is higher than 0.9 to meet the regulatory requirement such as the ENERGY STAR. This optimum injected current harmonics is verified by a flyback-based electrolytic capacitor-less LED driver with 25 V, 0.35 A output.

  • a method of reducing the peak to average Ratio of led current for electrolytic capacitor less ac dc drivers
    IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2010
    Co-Authors: Beibei Wang, Xinbo Ruan, Kai Yao, Ming Xu
    Abstract:

    This paper proposes a concept of electrolytic capacitor-less light-emitting diode (LED) driver, which converts the commercial ac voltage to a pulsating current with twice the line frequency driving high-brightness LEDs. As no electrolytic capacitor is used, this driver possesses the unique advantage of long lifetime to match with that of LEDs. A method of injecting the third and fifth harmonics into the input current to reduce the Peak-to-Average Ratio of the output current is also proposed. While ensuring that the input power factor is higher than 0.9 to meet regulation standards such as ENERGY STAR, the proposed method allows the Peak-to-Average Ratio of the output current to be reduced to 1.34 theoretically, which is beneficial for the safe opeRation of the LEDs. As an example, a flyback-based electrolytic capacitor-less LED driver is proposed, and its opeRation is analyzed. In order to inject the third and fifth harmonics into the input current, the function of the duty cycle in a half-line cycle is derived. It is then simplified to a fitting function, which can be easily implemented with the input voltage sensing. A 25 V, 0.35 A output prototype is built and tested in the laboratory, and the experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the electrolytic capacitor-less LED driver and its control method.