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Jens Christian Frisvad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a critical review of producers of small lactone mycotoxins patulin Penicillic Acid and moniliformin
World Mycotoxin Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Jens Christian FrisvadAbstract:A very large number of filamentous fungi has been reported to produce the small lactone mycotoxins patulin, Penicillic Acid and moniliformin. Among the 167 reported fungal producers of patulin, only production by 29 species could be confirmed. Patulin is produced by 3 Aspergillus species, 3 Paecilomyces species, 22 Penicillium species from 7 sections of Penicillium, and one Xylaria species. Among 101 reported producers of Penicillic Acid, 48 species could produce this mycotoxin. Penicillic Acid is produced by 23 species in section Aspergillus subgenus Circumdati section Circumdati, by Malbranchea aurantiaca and by 24 Penicillium species from 9 sections in Penicillium and one species that does not actually belong to Penicillium (P. megasporum). Among 40 reported producers of moniliformin, five species have been regarded as doubtful producers of this mycotoxin or are now regarded as taxonomic synonyms. Moniliformin is produced by 34 Fusarium species and one Penicillium species. All the accepted producers of...
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production of the fusarium mycotoxin moniliformin by penicillium melanoconidium
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Magnus Hallasmoller, Kristian Fog Nielsen, Jens Christian FrisvadAbstract:Moniliformin is a mycotoxin produced by several cereal associated Fusaria. Here, we show for the first time that moniliformin can be produced by the cereal fungus, Penicillium melanoconidium (4 out of 4 strains), but not in the related species in the Viridicata series. Moniliformin was detected in 10 out of 11 media: two agars and several cereal and bean types. Moniliformin was identified by a novel mixed-mode anionic exchange reversed phase chromatographic method which was coupled to both tandem mass spectrometry (MS) and high resolution MS. Mixed-mode chromatography showed superior peak shape compared to that of HILIC and less matrix interference compared to that of reversed phase chromatography, but during a large series of analyses, the column was fouled by matrix interferences. Wheat and beans were artificially infected by P. melanoconidium containing up to 64 and 11 mg/kg moniliformin, respectively, while Penicillic Acid, roquefortine C, and penitrem A levels in wheat were up to 1095, 38, and 119 mg...
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penicillium excelsum sp nov from the brazil nut tree ecosystem in the amazon basin
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Marta Hiromi Taniwaki, John I Pitt, Beatriz T Iamanaka, Fernanda Pelisson Massi, Maria Helena Pelegrinelli Fungaro, Jens Christian FrisvadAbstract:A new Penicillium species, P. excelsum, is described here using morphological characters, extrolite and partial sequence data from the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. It was isolated repeatedly using samples of nut shells and flowers from the brazil nut tree, Bertolletia excelsa, as well as bees and ants from the tree ecosystem in the Amazon rainforest. The species produces andrastin A, curvulic Acid, Penicillic Acid and xanthoepocin, and has unique partial β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. The holotype of P. excelsum is CCT 7772, while ITAL 7572 and IBT 31516 are cultures derived from the holotype.
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Bio-Activity and Dereplication-Based Discovery of Ophiobolins and Other Fungal Secondary Metabolites Targeting Leukemia Cells
MDPI AG, 2013Co-Authors: Tanja Thorskov Bladt, Jens Christian Frisvad, Claudia Dürr, Peter Boldsen Knudsen, Sara Kildgaard, Charlotte Held Gotfredsen, Martina Seiffert, Thomas Ostenfeld LarsenAbstract:The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize fungal natural products (NPs) with in vitro bioactivity towards leukemia cells. We based our screening on a combined analytical and bio-guided approach of LC-DAD-HRMS dereplication, explorative solid-phase extraction (E-SPE), and a co-culture platform of CLL and stromal cells. A total of 289 fungal extracts were screened and we tracked the activity to single compounds in seven of the most active extracts. The novel ophiobolin U was isolated together with the known ophiobolins C, H, K as well as 6-epiophiobolins G, K and N from three fungal strains in the Aspergillus section Usti. Ophiobolins A, B, C and K displayed bioactivity towards leukemia cells with induction of apoptosis at nanomolar concentrations. The remaining ophiobolins were mainly inactive or only slightly active at micromolar concentrations. Dereplication of those ophiobolin derivatives possessing different activity in combination with structural analysis allowed a correlation of the chemical structure and conformation with the extent of bioactivity, identifying the hydroxy group at C3 and an aldehyde at C21, as well as the A/B-cis ring structure, as indispensible for the strong activity of the ophiobolins. The known compounds Penicillic Acid, viridicatumtoxin, calbistrin A, brefeldin A, emestrin A, and neosolaniol monoacetate were identified from the extracts and also found generally cytotoxic
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mycotoxins drugs and other extrolites produced by species in penicillium subgenus penicillium
Studies in Mycology, 2004Co-Authors: Jens Christian Frisvad, Jørn Smedsgaard, Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen, Robert A SamsonAbstract:The 58 species in Penicillium subgenus Penicillium produce a large number of bioactive extrolites (secondary metabolites), including several mycotoxins. An overview of these extrolites is presented with original references to the reports on their production and their chemical constitution. 132 extrolite families are reported from the subgenus with an average of 5 extrolite families per species. This is an underestimate as several pigments, volatiles and uncharacterized extro- lites are not included in this average. Several reported producers are reidentified and new producers of known extrolites are reported for the first time. Several extrolites are unique for one species, but most of the metabolites are produced by more than one species. The most widespread extrolites were roquefortine C, which is produced by 25 species, the cyclopenins that are produced by 17 species, patulin which is produced by 13 species, Penicillic Acid which is produced by 10 species, and terrestric Acid and 2-methyl isoborneol that are produced by 8 species. Most species produce both polyketides, terpenes and amino Acid derived extrolites and a large number of the species produce bioactive metabolites. The nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A is produced by P. verrucosum and P. nordicum, and another nephrotoxin, citrinin, is produced by P. expansum, P. radicicola and P. verrucosum. Patulin is produced by P. carneum, P. clavigerum, P. concentricum, P. coprobium, P. dipodomyicola, P. expansum, P. glandicola, P. gladioli, P. griseofulvum, P. marinum, P. paneum, P. sclerotigenum and P. vulpinum. Another polyketide mycotoxin, Penicillic Acid, is produced by P. aurantiogriseum, P. carneum, P. cyclopium, P. freii, P. melanoconidium, P. neoechinulatum, P. polonicum, P. radicicola, P. tulipae and P. viridicatum. The tremorgenic verrucosidin is produced by P. aurantiogriseum, P. melanoconidium and P. polonicum, while another tremorgen, penitrem A, is produced by P. carneum, P. clavigerum, P. crustosum, P. flavigenum, P. glandicola, P. melanoconidium and P. tulipae. Asteltoxin is produced by P. cavernicola, P. concentricum, P. confertum, P. formosanum and P. tricolor. The mutagenic mycotoxin botryodiploidin is produced by P. brevicompactum and P. paneum. The chaetoglobosins are produced by P. discolor, P. expansum and P. marinum. The cytotoxic communesins are produced by P. expansum and P. marinum. Cyclopi- azonic Acid is produced by P. camemberti, P. commune, P. dipodomyicola, P. griseofulvum and P. palitans. The fumitremor- gins, verruculogen, isochromantoxins and viriditoxin are produced by P. mononematosum. The immunosuppressive extrolite mycophenolic Acid is produced by P. bialowiezense, P. brevicompactum, P. carneum and P. roqueforti. PR-toxin is produced by P. chrysogenum and P. roqueforti. Secalonic Acid is produced by P. chrysogenum and P. confertum. The territrems are produced by P. cavernicola and P. echinulatum. Viridic Acid is produced by P. nordicum and P. viridicatum, while viridica- tumtoxin is produced by P. aethiopicum. The hepatotoxins xanthomegnin, viomellein and vioxanthin are produced by P. clavigerum, P. cyclopium, P. freii, P. melanoconidium, P. tricolor and P. viridicatum. Apart from these mycotoxins several alkaloids, such as festuclavine, rugulovasine, and roquefortine C are also produced by several species in Penicillium subgenus Penicillium. In most cases these extrolites are produced consistently by all isolates examined in a species. The important antibiotic penicillin is produced by all members of series Chrysogena and P. griseofulvum. The cholesterol-lowering agent compactin is produced by P. solitum and P. hirsutum. A large number of interesting lead-compounds are produced by species in the subgenus.
Marta Hiromi Taniwaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Penicillium excelsum sp. nov from the Brazil Nut Tree Ecosystem in the Amazon Basin’
2016Co-Authors: Marta Hiromi Taniwaki, John I Pitt, Beatriz T Iamanaka, A P. Massi, Helena P. Fungaro, Jens C. FrisvadAbstract:A new Penicillium species, P. excelsum, is described here using morphological characters, extrolite and partial sequence data from the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. It was iso-lated repeatedly using samples of nut shells and flowers from the brazil nut tree, Bertolletia excelsa, as well as bees and ants from the tree ecosystem in the Amazon rainforest. The species produces andrastin A, curvulic Acid, Penicillic Acid and xanthoepocin, and has unique partial β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. The holotype of P. excelsum is CCT 7772, while ITAL 7572 and IBT 31516 are cultures derived from the holotype
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penicillium excelsum sp nov from the brazil nut tree ecosystem in the amazon basin
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Marta Hiromi Taniwaki, John I Pitt, Beatriz T Iamanaka, Fernanda Pelisson Massi, Maria Helena Pelegrinelli Fungaro, Jens Christian FrisvadAbstract:A new Penicillium species, P. excelsum, is described here using morphological characters, extrolite and partial sequence data from the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. It was isolated repeatedly using samples of nut shells and flowers from the brazil nut tree, Bertolletia excelsa, as well as bees and ants from the tree ecosystem in the Amazon rainforest. The species produces andrastin A, curvulic Acid, Penicillic Acid and xanthoepocin, and has unique partial β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. The holotype of P. excelsum is CCT 7772, while ITAL 7572 and IBT 31516 are cultures derived from the holotype.
Beatriz T Iamanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Penicillium excelsum sp. nov from the Brazil Nut Tree Ecosystem in the Amazon Basin’
2016Co-Authors: Marta Hiromi Taniwaki, John I Pitt, Beatriz T Iamanaka, A P. Massi, Helena P. Fungaro, Jens C. FrisvadAbstract:A new Penicillium species, P. excelsum, is described here using morphological characters, extrolite and partial sequence data from the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. It was iso-lated repeatedly using samples of nut shells and flowers from the brazil nut tree, Bertolletia excelsa, as well as bees and ants from the tree ecosystem in the Amazon rainforest. The species produces andrastin A, curvulic Acid, Penicillic Acid and xanthoepocin, and has unique partial β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. The holotype of P. excelsum is CCT 7772, while ITAL 7572 and IBT 31516 are cultures derived from the holotype
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penicillium excelsum sp nov from the brazil nut tree ecosystem in the amazon basin
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Marta Hiromi Taniwaki, John I Pitt, Beatriz T Iamanaka, Fernanda Pelisson Massi, Maria Helena Pelegrinelli Fungaro, Jens Christian FrisvadAbstract:A new Penicillium species, P. excelsum, is described here using morphological characters, extrolite and partial sequence data from the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. It was isolated repeatedly using samples of nut shells and flowers from the brazil nut tree, Bertolletia excelsa, as well as bees and ants from the tree ecosystem in the Amazon rainforest. The species produces andrastin A, curvulic Acid, Penicillic Acid and xanthoepocin, and has unique partial β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. The holotype of P. excelsum is CCT 7772, while ITAL 7572 and IBT 31516 are cultures derived from the holotype.
John I Pitt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Penicillium excelsum sp. nov from the Brazil Nut Tree Ecosystem in the Amazon Basin’
2016Co-Authors: Marta Hiromi Taniwaki, John I Pitt, Beatriz T Iamanaka, A P. Massi, Helena P. Fungaro, Jens C. FrisvadAbstract:A new Penicillium species, P. excelsum, is described here using morphological characters, extrolite and partial sequence data from the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. It was iso-lated repeatedly using samples of nut shells and flowers from the brazil nut tree, Bertolletia excelsa, as well as bees and ants from the tree ecosystem in the Amazon rainforest. The species produces andrastin A, curvulic Acid, Penicillic Acid and xanthoepocin, and has unique partial β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. The holotype of P. excelsum is CCT 7772, while ITAL 7572 and IBT 31516 are cultures derived from the holotype
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penicillium excelsum sp nov from the brazil nut tree ecosystem in the amazon basin
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Marta Hiromi Taniwaki, John I Pitt, Beatriz T Iamanaka, Fernanda Pelisson Massi, Maria Helena Pelegrinelli Fungaro, Jens Christian FrisvadAbstract:A new Penicillium species, P. excelsum, is described here using morphological characters, extrolite and partial sequence data from the ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. It was isolated repeatedly using samples of nut shells and flowers from the brazil nut tree, Bertolletia excelsa, as well as bees and ants from the tree ecosystem in the Amazon rainforest. The species produces andrastin A, curvulic Acid, Penicillic Acid and xanthoepocin, and has unique partial β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. The holotype of P. excelsum is CCT 7772, while ITAL 7572 and IBT 31516 are cultures derived from the holotype.
Martínez Benítez Eva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estudio de especies micotoxígenas del género Penicillium Penicillium verrucosum Dierckx /
Bellaterra : Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004Co-Authors: Martínez Benítez EvaAbstract:Descripció del recurs: 13 de juliol de 2004Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced after growth of fungal species of different genera. This mycotoxin production can be found in different substrata, including food and feed. Nowadays there is an increasing interest in the toxigenic properties of the strains isolated from food, feed and raw materials, and in the factors that can avoid this production. Species of the genus Penicillium, together with Aspergillus and Fusarium spp., are the majority in these substrata and also the main producers of mycotoxins. Ochratoxin A is one of the more studied mycotoxins currently, having a recent legislation in the European Union, mainly due to its high toxicity and wide distribution. Its production is associated with different Aspergillus spp., and uniquely to one species of the genus Penicillium: Penicillium verrucosum. This species is principally isolated from cereals and have a wider distribution in cold climate countries. In the present thesis, it has been evaluated the presence of Penicillium spp. in 178 samples of feed and cereal destined to animal consumption. A total of 152 strains belonging to 34 different species of the genus were isolated, dominating the species of the subgenus Penicillium. The species Penicillium aurantiogriseum has been the only one isolated from every kind of substrata tested. Penicillium verrucosum, the ochratoxin A producer species, has been isolated only from cereals, and mainly from barley. A series of physiologic (in the culture media CREA, CSN, YES, NSA, Raulin-Thom and in a liquid culture medium with urea) and biochemical (indole) characteristics, that have been proposed during the last years as taxonomic tools for Penicillium spp., have been evaluated in a total of 298 strains. The media CREA and CSN and the biochemical test for detecting indole metabolites have obtained good results for species distinction in the genus Penicillium. In the culture medium YES, the species P. verrucosum have a violet brown colour in the reverse of the colony, but just by around a 50% of the strains. This colour seems to appear more commonly in fresh cultures than in strains subjected to numerous subcultures. The capacity of the 298 strains of Penicillium spp. to produce different mycotoxins (aflatoxins, citrinin, sterigmatocystin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, Penicillic Acid and penitrem A) was also evaluated. A total of 119 strains had the ability of synthesise one or more of these mycotoxins (except for aflatoxins, sterigmatocystin and zearalenone). A percentage of the 58% of strains of P. aurantiogriseum produced Penicillic Acid, and the 100% of strains of P. citrinum and P. crustosum synthesised citrinin and penitrem A, respectively. An 85% of strains of P. verrucosum were producers of ochratoxin A, in different concentracions, and around the 50% of them produced the mycotoxin citrinin. The study by the technique RAPD of the genomic DNA of P. verrucosum allowed the distinction in to groups, A and B, between the strains of the species analysed, corresponding with the two recently proposed species, P. verrucosum and P. nordicum. The study of the sequence of the fragment ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 of the DNA codifying for the ribosomal DNA was very homogeneous between the strains of P. verrucosum assayed. The production of the toxins ochratoxin A and citrinin by P. verrucosum was evaluated under different environmental conditions, obtaining the highest concentrations at values of water activity of 0,94 and 0,96, at temperatures between 15 and 25ºC, at a range of pH between 6 and 10 and with saccharose as carbon source (with higher concentrations of ochratoxin A than in media with fructose or glucose, and all those three media with higher concentrations of the toxins than media with wheat, corn, rice and potato starches)
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Estudio de especies micotoxígenas del género Penicillium: Penicillium verrucosum Dierckx
'Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona', 2003Co-Authors: Martínez Benítez EvaAbstract:Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced after growth of fungal species of different genera. This mycotoxin production can be found in different substrata, including food and feed. Nowadays there is an increasing interest in the toxigenic properties of the strains isolated from food, feed and raw materials, and in the factors that can avoid this production. Species of the genus Penicillium, together with Aspergillus and Fusarium spp., are the majority in these substrata and also the main producers of mycotoxins. Ochratoxin A is one of the more studied mycotoxins currently, having a recent legislation in the European Union, mainly due to its high toxicity and wide distribution. Its production is associated with different Aspergillus spp., and uniquely to one species of the genus Penicillium: Penicillium verrucosum. This species is principally isolated from cereals and have a wider distribution in cold climate countries.In the present thesis, it has been evaluated the presence of Penicillium spp. in 178 samples of feed and cereal destined to animal consumption. A total of 152 strains belonging to 34 different species of the genus were isolated, dominating the species of the subgenus Penicillium. The species Penicillium aurantiogriseum has been the only one isolated from every kind of substrata tested. Penicillium verrucosum, the ochratoxin A producer species, has been isolated only from cereals, and mainly from barley. A series of physiologic (in the culture media CREA, CSN, YES, NSA, Raulin-Thom and in a liquid culture medium with urea) and biochemical (indole) characteristics, that have been proposed during the last years as taxonomic tools for Penicillium spp., have been evaluated in a total of 298 strains. The media CREA and CSN and the biochemical test for detecting indole metabolites have obtained good results for species distinction in the genus Penicillium. In the culture medium YES, the species P. verrucosum have a violet brown colour in the reverse of the colony, but just by around a 50% of the strains. This colour seems to appear more commonly in fresh cultures than in strains subjected to numerous subcultures.The capacity of the 298 strains of Penicillium spp. to produce different mycotoxins (aflatoxins, citrinin, sterigmatocystin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, Penicillic Acid and penitrem A) was also evaluated. A total of 119 strains had the ability of synthesise one or more of these mycotoxins (except for aflatoxins, sterigmatocystin and zearalenone). A percentage of the 58% of strains of P. aurantiogriseum produced Penicillic Acid, and the 100% of strains of P. citrinum and P. crustosum synthesised citrinin and penitrem A, respectively. An 85% of strains of P. verrucosum were producers of ochratoxin A, in different concentracions, and around the 50% of them produced the mycotoxin citrinin.The study by the technique RAPD of the genomic DNA of P. verrucosum allowed the distinction in to groups, A and B, between the strains of the species analysed, corresponding with the two recently proposed species, P. verrucosum and P. nordicum. The study of the sequence of the fragment ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 of the DNA codifying for the ribosomal DNA was very homogeneous between the strains of P. verrucosum assayed.The production of the toxins ochratoxin A and citrinin by P. verrucosum was evaluated under different environmental conditions, obtaining the highest concentrations at values of water activity of 0,94 and 0,96, at temperatures between 15 and 25ºC, at a range of pH between 6 and 10 and with saccharose as carbon source (with higher concentrations of ochratoxin A than in media with fructose or glucose, and all those three media with higher concentrations of the toxins than media with wheat, corn, rice and potato starches)