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Huei-mei Hsieh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Xylaria insolita and X. subescharoidea: two newly described species collected from a termite nesting site in Hua-lien, Taiwan.
Botanical Studies, 2020Co-Authors: Huei-mei Hsieh, Jyh-ching ChouAbstract:BACKGROUND: A number of Xylaria species are exclusively associated with nests of macrotermitine termites. A nesting site of Odontotermes formosanus in eastern Taiwan, which is the only macrotermitine termite known on the island, had been inundated during the raining season of 2010, and hundreds of Xylaria stromata emerged from it thereafter. A thorough examination of these stromata showed that they represent a mixture of different species. RESULTS: Five Xylaria species were identified from the stromata collected from the nesting site, including two undescribed species, which are newly described as X. insolita and X. subescharoidea herein, and three known species X. brunneovinosa, X. escharoidea, and X. furcata. CONCLUSION: Totally, there are 28 Xylaria species growing on termite nests or ground in the world. Although O. formosanus is the only macrotermitine species known in Taiwan, the Xylaria diversity associated with its nests is fairly high; the species number has reached 12 with X. furcata, X. insolita, and X. subescharoidea added to the Taiwan mycobiota.
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Xylaria species associated with fallen fruits and seeds.
Mycologia, 2018Co-Authors: Jack D. Rogers, Huei-mei HsiehAbstract:Twenty-five fructicolous and seminicolous species of Xylaria are classified into three groups by stromatal morphology: (i) the X. ianthinovelutina group; (ii) the X. carpophila group; and (iii) the X. heloidea group. Xylaria reevesiae, X. rossmanae, and X. vivantii are described as new species. Xylaria reevesiae belongs to the X. carpophila group, resembling X. euphorbiicola but differing from it mainly by having conspicuous perithecial mounds and growing on fallen fruits of a different host plant. Xylaria rossmanae and X. vivantii belong to the X. ianthinovelutina group. Xylaria rossmanae differs from the species of the group mainly by larger, paler, fusoid-inequilateral ascospores, and X. vivantii differs by larger ascospores with a slightly oblique germ slit. A dichotomous key is provided for identifying the 25 species. Doubtful names are also listed and annotated.
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New and interesting penzigioid Xylaria species with small, soft stromata.
Mycologia, 2012Co-Authors: Huei-mei Hsieh, Jacques Fournier, Jack D. Rogers, Walter M. Jaklitsch, Régis CourtecuisseAbstract:Six penzigioid Xylaria species that are characterized by small, discoid to pulvinate, soft stromata are included in this study. Xylaria albocinctoides, X. bicampaniformis and X. lechatii are described as new; Nummularia albocincta, Hypoxylon carabayense and H. discolor are moved to the genus Xylaria to form new combinations X. albocincta, X. carabayensis and X. discolor respectively. An identification key is provided for the major aggregates of Xylaria that harbor penzigioid species as well as the species of the X. frustulosa aggregate, to which the six studied penzigioid Xylaria species belong.
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Xylaria coprinicola, a new species that antagonizes cultivation of Coprinus comatus in China
Mycologia, 2010Co-Authors: Huei-mei HsiehAbstract:The species known in China as the chicken-claw fungus is described as a new species, Xylaria coprinicola. This species is known as an antagonist of cultivation of the edible mushroom Coprinus comatus. Stromata of X. coprinicola are cylindrical, terminate in a sterile apex and arise in fascicles from a relative large submerged base; perithecia are immersed and have conspicuously conical ostiolar openings; ascospores are minute. Phylogenetic analyses based on combined partial sequences of rpb2, β-tub and α-act genes showed that X. coprinicola is closely related to those Xylaria species exclusively associated with termite nests.
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Phylogenetic status of Xylaria subgenus PseudoXylaria among taxa of the subfamily Xylarioideae (Xylariaceae) and phylogeny of the taxa involved in the subfamily.
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2009Co-Authors: Huei-mei Hsieh, Jacques Fournier, Jack D. Rogers, Chun-ru Lin, Mei-jane Fang, Christian LechatAbstract:To infer the phylogenetic relationships of Xylaria species associated with termite nests within the genus Xylaria and among genera of the subfamily Xylarioideae, beta-tubulin, RPB2, and alpha-actin sequences of 131 cultures of 114 species from Xylaria and 11 other genera of the subfamily were analyzed. These 11 genera included Astrocystis, Amphirosellinia, DiscoXylaria, Entoleuca, Euepixylon, Kretzschmaria, Nemania, Podosordaria, Poronia, Rosellinia, and Stilbohypoxylon. We showed that Xylaria species were distributed among three major clades, TE, HY, and PO, with clade TE-an equivalent of the subgenus PseudoXylaria-encompassing exclusively those species associated with termite nests and the other two clades containing those associated with substrates other than termite nests. Xylaria appears to be a paraphyletic genus, with most of the 11 genera submerged within it. Podosordaria and Poronia, which formed a distinct clade, apparently diverged from Xylaria and the other genera early. Species of Entoleuca, Euepixylon, Nemania, and Rosellinia constituted clade NR, a major clade sister to clade PO, while those of Kretzschmaria were inserted within clade HY and those of Astrocystis, Amphirosellinia, DiscoXylaria, and Stilbohypoxylon were within clade PO.
Sirirath Mccloskey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chemical constituents and cytotoxic activity from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria sp. SWUF08-37.
Natural Product Research, 2018Co-Authors: Somchai Noppawan, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Thanaset Senawong, Pairot Moontragoon, Jaursup Boonmak, Sujittra Youngme, Sirirath MccloskeyAbstract:AbstractA new cyclic pentapeptide, pentaminolarin (1), and a new cytochalasin, xylochalasin (2), along with thirteen known compounds (3–15) were isolated from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria sp. S...
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A new amino amidine derivative from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86
Natural Product Research, 2017Co-Authors: Sasiphimol Sawadsitang, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Peni Ahmadi, Sirirath MccloskeyAbstract:AbstractThe secondary metabolites of Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86 fungus were investigated, and the chromatographic separation of the crude extracts yielded seventeen compounds. The structure elucidation by spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR and the comparison of these data with literature, along with HREIMS spectrometry, revealed one new amino amidine derivative (1), together with five known simple cyclic dipeptide analogs, diketopiperazines (2–6) and eleven other known compounds, including one hemi-cycline (10), three aromatic derivatives (11–13), one sesquiterpene (14) and three sterols (15–17). The isolated compounds were screened for anticancer and anti-pathogenic bacterial and fungal activities. Based on this work, Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86 has proven to be a diverse secondary metabolites producer.
Jack D. Rogers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Xylaria species associated with fallen fruits and seeds.
Mycologia, 2018Co-Authors: Jack D. Rogers, Huei-mei HsiehAbstract:Twenty-five fructicolous and seminicolous species of Xylaria are classified into three groups by stromatal morphology: (i) the X. ianthinovelutina group; (ii) the X. carpophila group; and (iii) the X. heloidea group. Xylaria reevesiae, X. rossmanae, and X. vivantii are described as new species. Xylaria reevesiae belongs to the X. carpophila group, resembling X. euphorbiicola but differing from it mainly by having conspicuous perithecial mounds and growing on fallen fruits of a different host plant. Xylaria rossmanae and X. vivantii belong to the X. ianthinovelutina group. Xylaria rossmanae differs from the species of the group mainly by larger, paler, fusoid-inequilateral ascospores, and X. vivantii differs by larger ascospores with a slightly oblique germ slit. A dichotomous key is provided for identifying the 25 species. Doubtful names are also listed and annotated.
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New and interesting penzigioid Xylaria species with small, soft stromata.
Mycologia, 2012Co-Authors: Huei-mei Hsieh, Jacques Fournier, Jack D. Rogers, Walter M. Jaklitsch, Régis CourtecuisseAbstract:Six penzigioid Xylaria species that are characterized by small, discoid to pulvinate, soft stromata are included in this study. Xylaria albocinctoides, X. bicampaniformis and X. lechatii are described as new; Nummularia albocincta, Hypoxylon carabayense and H. discolor are moved to the genus Xylaria to form new combinations X. albocincta, X. carabayensis and X. discolor respectively. An identification key is provided for the major aggregates of Xylaria that harbor penzigioid species as well as the species of the X. frustulosa aggregate, to which the six studied penzigioid Xylaria species belong.
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Phylogenetic status of Xylaria subgenus PseudoXylaria among taxa of the subfamily Xylarioideae (Xylariaceae) and phylogeny of the taxa involved in the subfamily.
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2009Co-Authors: Huei-mei Hsieh, Jacques Fournier, Jack D. Rogers, Chun-ru Lin, Mei-jane Fang, Christian LechatAbstract:To infer the phylogenetic relationships of Xylaria species associated with termite nests within the genus Xylaria and among genera of the subfamily Xylarioideae, beta-tubulin, RPB2, and alpha-actin sequences of 131 cultures of 114 species from Xylaria and 11 other genera of the subfamily were analyzed. These 11 genera included Astrocystis, Amphirosellinia, DiscoXylaria, Entoleuca, Euepixylon, Kretzschmaria, Nemania, Podosordaria, Poronia, Rosellinia, and Stilbohypoxylon. We showed that Xylaria species were distributed among three major clades, TE, HY, and PO, with clade TE-an equivalent of the subgenus PseudoXylaria-encompassing exclusively those species associated with termite nests and the other two clades containing those associated with substrates other than termite nests. Xylaria appears to be a paraphyletic genus, with most of the 11 genera submerged within it. Podosordaria and Poronia, which formed a distinct clade, apparently diverged from Xylaria and the other genera early. Species of Entoleuca, Euepixylon, Nemania, and Rosellinia constituted clade NR, a major clade sister to clade PO, while those of Kretzschmaria were inserted within clade HY and those of Astrocystis, Amphirosellinia, DiscoXylaria, and Stilbohypoxylon were within clade PO.
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Some Xylaria species on termite nests
Mycologia, 2005Co-Authors: Jack D. Rogers, Juergen LehmannAbstract:Xylaria arenicola, X. brasiliensis, X. escharoidea, X. furcata, X. nigripes, X. piperiformis and X. rhizomorpha represent ancient names of fungi known to inhabit abandoned termite nests. We attempt to redescribe them and to reduce the confusion among them. Xylaria tanganyikaensis and X. readeri, species that might be associated with termite nests, are described. We describe a new variety, X. furcata var. hirsuta, and discuss an unnamed fungus that probably represents a new species. Photographs and a key are presented to aid the identification of these taxa.
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Kretzschmaria varians sp. nov., Xylaria coremiifera sp. nov. and Xylaria umbonata sp. nov. from Costa Rica
Mycological Progress, 2004Co-Authors: Jack D. RogersAbstract:Kretzschmaria varians, a species apparently related to K. micropus, is described as new. It is distinguished primarily by having asci with 2 to 8 ascospores with inconstant germination slit length and remains of synnemata on stromata and surrounding substrate. Xylaria coremiifera, described here as new, bears small fragile coremia on pulvinate stromata and the surrounding substrate. Asci often have fewer than 8 ascospores, most frequently 4. Xylaria umbonata, described here as new, produces perithecia around a central umbo that appears to be the remains of a synnema. Ascospores have long spiralling germination slits.
Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chemical constituents and cytotoxic activity from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria sp. SWUF08-37.
Natural Product Research, 2018Co-Authors: Somchai Noppawan, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Thanaset Senawong, Pairot Moontragoon, Jaursup Boonmak, Sujittra Youngme, Sirirath MccloskeyAbstract:AbstractA new cyclic pentapeptide, pentaminolarin (1), and a new cytochalasin, xylochalasin (2), along with thirteen known compounds (3–15) were isolated from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria sp. S...
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A new amino amidine derivative from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86
Natural Product Research, 2017Co-Authors: Sasiphimol Sawadsitang, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Peni Ahmadi, Sirirath MccloskeyAbstract:AbstractThe secondary metabolites of Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86 fungus were investigated, and the chromatographic separation of the crude extracts yielded seventeen compounds. The structure elucidation by spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR and the comparison of these data with literature, along with HREIMS spectrometry, revealed one new amino amidine derivative (1), together with five known simple cyclic dipeptide analogs, diketopiperazines (2–6) and eleven other known compounds, including one hemi-cycline (10), three aromatic derivatives (11–13), one sesquiterpene (14) and three sterols (15–17). The isolated compounds were screened for anticancer and anti-pathogenic bacterial and fungal activities. Based on this work, Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86 has proven to be a diverse secondary metabolites producer.
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Antimalarial and cytotoxic constituents of Xylaria cf. cubensis PK108.
Natural product research, 2015Co-Authors: Sasiphimol Sawadsitang, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Sirirath SodngamAbstract:Xylaria cf. cubensis PK108 was identified by its distinctive morphological characteristics and its internal transcribed spacers sequence analysis. The chromatographic separation and structural elucidation based on spectroscopic analysis of fungal crude extracts led to 10 compounds; tryptoquivaline L (1), fiscalin C (2), epi-fiscalin C (3), cytochalasin D (4), ergosterol (5), ergosterol peroxide (6), chevalone C (7), xylaranol B (8), helvolic acid (9) and cyclo-(l-Pro-l-Leu) (10). The bioassay screening showed that 4 displayed cytotoxicity against KB and NCI-H187 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 3.25 and 5.95 μg mL− 1. 6 exhibited cytotoxicity against NCI-H187 with an IC50 value of 5.81 μg mL− 1. 7 and 9 showed antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 25.00 and 6.25 μg mL− 1, respectively. This result establishes Xylaria as broad spectrum bioactive compound producers.
Nuttika Suwannasai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chemical constituents and cytotoxic activity from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria sp. SWUF08-37.
Natural Product Research, 2018Co-Authors: Somchai Noppawan, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Thanaset Senawong, Pairot Moontragoon, Jaursup Boonmak, Sujittra Youngme, Sirirath MccloskeyAbstract:AbstractA new cyclic pentapeptide, pentaminolarin (1), and a new cytochalasin, xylochalasin (2), along with thirteen known compounds (3–15) were isolated from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria sp. S...
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A new amino amidine derivative from the wood-decaying fungus Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86
Natural Product Research, 2017Co-Authors: Sasiphimol Sawadsitang, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Peni Ahmadi, Sirirath MccloskeyAbstract:AbstractThe secondary metabolites of Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86 fungus were investigated, and the chromatographic separation of the crude extracts yielded seventeen compounds. The structure elucidation by spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR and the comparison of these data with literature, along with HREIMS spectrometry, revealed one new amino amidine derivative (1), together with five known simple cyclic dipeptide analogs, diketopiperazines (2–6) and eleven other known compounds, including one hemi-cycline (10), three aromatic derivatives (11–13), one sesquiterpene (14) and three sterols (15–17). The isolated compounds were screened for anticancer and anti-pathogenic bacterial and fungal activities. Based on this work, Xylaria cf. cubensis SWUF08-86 has proven to be a diverse secondary metabolites producer.
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Antimalarial and cytotoxic constituents of Xylaria cf. cubensis PK108.
Natural product research, 2015Co-Authors: Sasiphimol Sawadsitang, Nuttika Suwannasai, Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk, Sirirath SodngamAbstract:Xylaria cf. cubensis PK108 was identified by its distinctive morphological characteristics and its internal transcribed spacers sequence analysis. The chromatographic separation and structural elucidation based on spectroscopic analysis of fungal crude extracts led to 10 compounds; tryptoquivaline L (1), fiscalin C (2), epi-fiscalin C (3), cytochalasin D (4), ergosterol (5), ergosterol peroxide (6), chevalone C (7), xylaranol B (8), helvolic acid (9) and cyclo-(l-Pro-l-Leu) (10). The bioassay screening showed that 4 displayed cytotoxicity against KB and NCI-H187 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 3.25 and 5.95 μg mL− 1. 6 exhibited cytotoxicity against NCI-H187 with an IC50 value of 5.81 μg mL− 1. 7 and 9 showed antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 25.00 and 6.25 μg mL− 1, respectively. This result establishes Xylaria as broad spectrum bioactive compound producers.
