The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mohammad S Hasan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Long-run Relationship between Population Growth and Per Capita Income in Bangladesh
2020Co-Authors: Mohammad S HasanAbstract:The Bangladesh Development Studies Vol. XXVIII, September 2002, No. 3 The Long-run Relationship between Population Growth and Per Capita Income in Bangladesh by Mohammad S. Hasan* I. INTRODUCTION Identification of the nature and direction of a causal relationship between population growth and per capita Income has been the subject of long-standing debate among researchers and policy- makers. Central to the causality issue between these two variables in less-developed countries is the question of whether population growth stimulates or retards economic growth and the standard of living in the developing countries. Or should economic growth take precedence over population growth? Although this question has attracted voluminous research and a succession of discussion during the past decades, no unanimous conclusions have been reached. Previous research documented an inverse relationship between population growth and per capita Income as well as a positive beneficiai relationship between population growth and per capita Income, and finally a statistically insignificant relationship between population growth and per capita Income
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The long-run relationship between population and per capita Income growth in China
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2010Co-Authors: Mohammad S HasanAbstract:This paper examines the nature of stationarity, cointegration properties and Granger causality on the relationship between population and per capita Income in mainland China in a multivariate vector autoregressive model. This study finds the evidence of a common stochastic trend between population and per capita Income which is indicative of long-run relationship between these two variables. Empirical results also indicate that a negative long-run causal relationship is flowing from per capita Income to population. The short-run relationship between population growth and per capita Income growth is at variance across model specifications. The neoclassical growth model reveals that population growth positively contributes to per capita Income growth while the modified endogenous growth model shows a negative relationship between these two variables. Moreover, both neoclassical and endogenous growth models indicate that per capita Income growth tends to lower the population growth. The long-run relationship is consistent with Becker's view that as Income grows, families tend to prefer quality rather than quantity of children.
James R. Markusen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Putting Per-Capita Income back into Trade Theory and Policy
2020Co-Authors: James R. MarkusenAbstract:A major role for Per-Capita Income in international trade and trade policy, as opposed to simply country size, was persuasively advanced by many early economists including Linder (1961), Kuznets (1966), and Chenery and Syrquin (1975) . Yet this crucial element of their story was abandon by most later trade economists in favor of the analytically-tractable but counterempirical assumption that all countries share identical and homothetic preferences. This paper collects and unifies a number of disjoint points in the existing literature and adds several new insights using simple and tractable alternative preferences. Adding non-homothetic preferences to a traditional model helps explain such diverse phenomenon as a growing skill premium, the mystery of the missing trade, home bias in consumption, and the structural difference in growth due to rising Per-Capita Income versus simply total Income. With imperfect competition, we can explain higher markups and higher price levels in higher Per-Capita Income countries, and the puzzle that gravity equations show a positive dependence of trade on Per-Capita-Incomes, aggregate Income held constant. A final section applies the model to policy by adding a global environmental good which has a high Income-elasticity of demand. Results include an illustration that “issue linking” in trade negotiations, specifically linking trade and environment negotiations, is a productive way forward. N.B., issues of product quality and the intra-country distribution of Income, while of great importance and interest, have proved to be beyond the scope of one paper. A number of important papers are reference as an acknowledgment of valuable related work, but they are not analyzed or discussed.
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Putting Per-Capita Income Back into Trade Theory
National Bureau of Economic Research, 2020Co-Authors: James R. MarkusenAbstract:A major role for Per-Capita Income in international trade, as opposed to simply country size, was persuasively advanced by Linder (1961). Yet this crucial element of Linder's story was abandon by most later trade economists in favor of the analytically-tractable but counter-empirical assumption that all countries share identical and homothetic preferences. This paper collects and unifies a number of disjoint points in the existing literature and builds further on them using simple and tractable alternative preferences. Adding non-homothetic preferences to a traditional models helps explain such diverse phenomenon as growing wage gaps, the mystery of the missing trade, home bias in consumption, and the role of intra-country Income distribution, solely from the demand side of general equilibrium. With imperfect competition, we can explain higher markups and higher price levels in higher Per-Capita Income countries, and the puzzle that gravity equations show a positive dependence of trade on Per-Capita Incomes, aggregate Income held constant. In all cases, the effects of growth are quite different depending on whether it is growth in productivity or through factor accumulation. The paper concludes with some suggestions for calibration, estimation, and gravity equations.
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Putting Per-Capita Income Back into Trade Theory
Journal of International Economics, 2013Co-Authors: James R. MarkusenAbstract:A major role for Per-Capita Income in international trade, as opposed to simply country size, was persuasively advanced by many early economists including Linder (1961), Kuznets (1966), and Chenery and Syrquin (1975). Yet this crucial element of their story was abandon by most later trade economists in favor of the analytically-tractable but counter-empirical assumption that all countries share identical and homothetic preferences. This paper presents a set of assumptions which produces multiple results when they hold jointly. Most of these results are novel, but several that are implicit or explicit in earlier literature are also noted for completeness. Adding non-homothetic preferences to traditional models helps explain such diverse phenomena as a growing skill premium, the mystery of the missing trade, home bias in consumption, the behavior of trade to GDP ratios, and the role of intra-country Income distribution, from the demand side of general equilibrium. With imperfect competition, we can explain higher markups and higher price levels in higher Per-Capita Income countries, and the puzzle that gravity equations show a positive dependence of trade on Per-Capita-Incomes, aggregate Income held constant. The model also predicts horizontal multinational activity is negatively related to Per-Capita Income differences between countries.
Daisaku Yamamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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scales of regional Income disparities in the usa 1955 2003
Journal of Economic Geography, 2007Co-Authors: Daisaku YamamotoAbstract:This article examines multiple dimensions of regional per capita Income disparities in the USA between 1955 and 2003 with a particular focus on scalar effects. It combines various exploratory analytical tools of spatial disparities, including inequality indices, mobility indices, kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation statistics and scale variances, to analyse regional average per capita Income distributions at multiple spatial scales, ranging from counties to multi-state regions. The analysis reveals previously unrecognised systematic patterns of cross-scalar dynamics, whereby spatial Income disparities are increasingly more pronounced at smaller scales in the last few decades.
Inmaculada Martinezzarzoso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does foreign aid really raise per capita Income a time series perspective
Canadian Journal of Economics, 2012Co-Authors: Felicitas Nowaklehmann, Axel Dreher, Dierk Herzer, Stephan Klasen, Inmaculada MartinezzarzosoAbstract:We analyze the relationship between per capita Income and foreign aid. We employ annual data and five-year averages and carefully examine the time-series properties of the data. Panel estimations with dynamic feasible generalized least-squares (DFGLS) show that aid generally has an insignificant or minute negative significant impact on per capita Income (particularly in highly aid-dependent countries). This holds true for countries with different levels of human development and Income, as well as for different regions. We also find that aid has a small positive impact on investment, but a significant negative impact on domestic savings (crowding out) and the real exchange rate (appreciation). JEL classification: F35, O11, C23, C51
Eka Darwati B - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Effect of Conctraceptive Users and Per Capita Income on population Growth of West Kalimantan
2016Co-Authors: Eka Darwati BAbstract:This Reseacrch is entiltled “The Effect of Contraceptive Users and Per Capita Income on Population Growth of West Kalimantan”. The reseacrh aims to examine and analyze the effect of the contraceptive users and per capita Income on the population growth in West Kalimantan, either simultaneously or partially. The data analysis techinique used in this research was multiple regression using panel data (combination of time series and cross-section data) with fixed effect model approach. A total of 112 observations made to collect data at 14 regencies/cities in West Kalimantan from 2006 to 2013. Based on analysis, simultaneously contraceptive users and per capita Income had a significant effect on the population growth in West Kalimantan, while partially contraceptive users and per capita Income had a positive effect on the population growth in West Kalimantan. Keyword: population growth, contraceptive users, and per capita Income
