The Experts below are selected from a list of 669189 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R Koller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of the 5 ht2a agonist psilocybin on mismatch negativity generation and ax continuous Performance Task implications for the neuropharmacology of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2003Co-Authors: Daniel Umbricht, Franz X Vollenweider, Claudia Grubel, Anja Skrabo, Theo Huber, L. Schmid, R KollerAbstract:Previously the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was shown to disrupt generation of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) mismatch negativity (MMN) and the Performance of an 'AX'-type continuous Performance test (AX-CPT)--measures of auditory and visual context-dependent information processing--in a similar manner as observed in schizophrenia. This placebo-controlled study investigated effects of the 5-HT(2A) receptor agonist psilocybin on the same measures in 18 healthy volunteers. Psilocybin administration induced significant Performance deficits in the AX-CPT, but failed to reduce MMN generation significantly. These results indirectly support evidence that deficient MMN generation in schizophrenia may be a relatively distinct manifestation of deficient NMDAR functioning. In contrast, secondary pharmacological effects shared by NMDAR antagonists and the 5-HT(2A) agonist (ie disruption of glutamatergic neurotransmission) may be the mechanism underlying impairments in AX-CPT Performance observed during both psilocybin and ketamine administration. Comparable deficits in schizophrenia may result from independent dysfunctions of 5-HT(2A) and NMDAR-related neurotransmission.
-
Effects of the 5-HT_2A Agonist Psilocybin on Mismatch Negativity Generation and AX-Continuous Performance Task: Implications for the Neuropharmacology of Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2003Co-Authors: Daniel Umbricht, Franz X Vollenweider, Claudia Grubel, Anja Skrabo, Theo Huber, L. Schmid, R KollerAbstract:Previously the NMDA ( N -methyl- D -aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was shown to disrupt generation of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) mismatch negativity (MMN) and the Performance of an ‘AX’-type continuous Performance test (AX-CPT)—measures of auditory and visual context-dependent information processing—in a similar manner as observed in schizophrenia. This placebo-controlled study investigated effects of the 5-HT_2A receptor agonist psilocybin on the same measures in 18 healthy volunteers. Psilocybin administration induced significant Performance deficits in the AX-CPT, but failed to reduce MMN generation significantly. These results indirectly support evidence that deficient MMN generation in schizophrenia may be a relatively distinct manifestation of deficient NMDAR functioning. In contrast, secondary pharmacological effects shared by NMDAR antagonists and the 5-HT_2A agonist (ie disruption of glutamatergic neurotransmission) may be the mechanism underlying impairments in AX-CPT Performance observed during both psilocybin and ketamine administration. Comparable deficits in schizophrenia may result from independent dysfunctions of 5-HT_2A and NMDAR-related neurotransmission.
Nina Heinrichs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
safety behaviors self focused attention and negative thinking in children with social anxiety disorder socially anxious and non anxious children
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: Hanna Kley, Brunna Tuschencaffier, Nina HeinrichsAbstract:Abstract Background and objectives Cognitive behavioral models of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in adults suggest several mechanisms that maintain social anxiety. So far, little is known about the role of these processes in childhood social anxiety. Methods In this study, 21 children with SAD, 21 children with high social anxiety and 21 non-anxious controls (age between 8 and 13 years) were asked about their use of safety behavior in anxiety producing situations. Furthermore, children were asked to indicate their levels of anxiety, self-focused attention and frequency of positive and negative cognitions while engaging in a Performance Task in front of two adults. Results As expected, a significant group effect was found for all dependent variables, with children suffering from SAD reporting the most frequent use of safety behavior and highest levels of anxiety, self-focused attention and negative cognitions during the Task, followed by socially anxious children and controls. Unexpectedly, only self-focused attention mediated the relationship between general social anxiety and state anxiety in response to the Task. Limitations We assessed only the general use of safety behavior in social threatening situations and not with respect to the Performance Task. Conclusions The results provide important preliminary evidence for differences between clinical and non-clinical groups in childhood anxiety in maintaining variables as proposed from cognitive models in adults. In particular, self-focused attention seems to be relevant. Targeting the change of inappropriate attentional focus could be promising for treatment improvement in childhood social anxiety.
Dragan Ilic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The effect of student self-video of Performance on clinical skill competency: a randomised controlled trial
Advances in Health Sciences Education, 2013Co-Authors: Stephen Maloney, Michael Storr, Prue Morgan, Dragan IlicAbstract:Emerging technologies and student information technology literacy are enabling new methods of teaching and learning for clinical skill Performance. Facilitating experiential practice and reflection on Performance through student self-video, and exposure to peer benchmarks, may promote greater levels of skill competency. This study examines the impact of student self-video on the attainment of clinical skills. A total of 60 Physiotherapy students (100%) consented to participate in the randomised controlled trial. One group (50%) was taught a complex clinical skill with regular practical tutoring, whilst the other group (50%) supplemented the tutoring with a self-video Task aimed at promoting reflection on Performance. Student skill Performance was measured in an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Students also completed an anonymous questionnaire, which explored their perception of their learning experiences. Students received significantly higher scores in the OSCE when the examined clinical skill had been supplemented with a self-video of Performance Task ( P = 0.048). Descriptive analysis of the questionnaires relating to student perceptions on the teaching methods identified that the self-video of Performance Task utilised contributed to improvement in their clinical Performance and their confidence for future clinical practice. Students identified a number of aspects of the submission process that contributed to this perception of educational value. The novel results of this study demonstrate that greater clinical skill competency is achieved when traditional tutoring methods are supplemented with student self-video of Performance Tasks. Additional benefits included the ability of staff and students to monitor longitudinal Performance, and an increase in feedback opportunities.
Daniel Umbricht - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of the 5 ht2a agonist psilocybin on mismatch negativity generation and ax continuous Performance Task implications for the neuropharmacology of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2003Co-Authors: Daniel Umbricht, Franz X Vollenweider, Claudia Grubel, Anja Skrabo, Theo Huber, L. Schmid, R KollerAbstract:Previously the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was shown to disrupt generation of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) mismatch negativity (MMN) and the Performance of an 'AX'-type continuous Performance test (AX-CPT)--measures of auditory and visual context-dependent information processing--in a similar manner as observed in schizophrenia. This placebo-controlled study investigated effects of the 5-HT(2A) receptor agonist psilocybin on the same measures in 18 healthy volunteers. Psilocybin administration induced significant Performance deficits in the AX-CPT, but failed to reduce MMN generation significantly. These results indirectly support evidence that deficient MMN generation in schizophrenia may be a relatively distinct manifestation of deficient NMDAR functioning. In contrast, secondary pharmacological effects shared by NMDAR antagonists and the 5-HT(2A) agonist (ie disruption of glutamatergic neurotransmission) may be the mechanism underlying impairments in AX-CPT Performance observed during both psilocybin and ketamine administration. Comparable deficits in schizophrenia may result from independent dysfunctions of 5-HT(2A) and NMDAR-related neurotransmission.
-
Effects of the 5-HT_2A Agonist Psilocybin on Mismatch Negativity Generation and AX-Continuous Performance Task: Implications for the Neuropharmacology of Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2003Co-Authors: Daniel Umbricht, Franz X Vollenweider, Claudia Grubel, Anja Skrabo, Theo Huber, L. Schmid, R KollerAbstract:Previously the NMDA ( N -methyl- D -aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was shown to disrupt generation of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) mismatch negativity (MMN) and the Performance of an ‘AX’-type continuous Performance test (AX-CPT)—measures of auditory and visual context-dependent information processing—in a similar manner as observed in schizophrenia. This placebo-controlled study investigated effects of the 5-HT_2A receptor agonist psilocybin on the same measures in 18 healthy volunteers. Psilocybin administration induced significant Performance deficits in the AX-CPT, but failed to reduce MMN generation significantly. These results indirectly support evidence that deficient MMN generation in schizophrenia may be a relatively distinct manifestation of deficient NMDAR functioning. In contrast, secondary pharmacological effects shared by NMDAR antagonists and the 5-HT_2A agonist (ie disruption of glutamatergic neurotransmission) may be the mechanism underlying impairments in AX-CPT Performance observed during both psilocybin and ketamine administration. Comparable deficits in schizophrenia may result from independent dysfunctions of 5-HT_2A and NMDAR-related neurotransmission.
Hanna Kley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
safety behaviors self focused attention and negative thinking in children with social anxiety disorder socially anxious and non anxious children
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: Hanna Kley, Brunna Tuschencaffier, Nina HeinrichsAbstract:Abstract Background and objectives Cognitive behavioral models of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in adults suggest several mechanisms that maintain social anxiety. So far, little is known about the role of these processes in childhood social anxiety. Methods In this study, 21 children with SAD, 21 children with high social anxiety and 21 non-anxious controls (age between 8 and 13 years) were asked about their use of safety behavior in anxiety producing situations. Furthermore, children were asked to indicate their levels of anxiety, self-focused attention and frequency of positive and negative cognitions while engaging in a Performance Task in front of two adults. Results As expected, a significant group effect was found for all dependent variables, with children suffering from SAD reporting the most frequent use of safety behavior and highest levels of anxiety, self-focused attention and negative cognitions during the Task, followed by socially anxious children and controls. Unexpectedly, only self-focused attention mediated the relationship between general social anxiety and state anxiety in response to the Task. Limitations We assessed only the general use of safety behavior in social threatening situations and not with respect to the Performance Task. Conclusions The results provide important preliminary evidence for differences between clinical and non-clinical groups in childhood anxiety in maintaining variables as proposed from cognitive models in adults. In particular, self-focused attention seems to be relevant. Targeting the change of inappropriate attentional focus could be promising for treatment improvement in childhood social anxiety.