The Experts below are selected from a list of 279 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Deborah Persaud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dna decay dynamics with early long term virologic control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were <1 year of age and in group 2 (n = 48) from 1 through 5 years of age at VS. Piecewise linear mixed-effects regression models assessed the effect of age at VS on HIV-1 DNA trajectories during VS. Results. In the first 2 years following VS, HIV-1 DNA levels decreased by -0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], -.36 to -.13) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was faster with early VS by age 1 year compared with after age 1 (-0.50 and -0.15 log10 copies/million PBMCs per year, respectively). Between years 2 and 14 from VS, HIV-1 DNA decayed by -0.05 (95% CI, -.06 to -.03) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was no longer significantly different between groups. The estimated mean half-life of HIV-1 DNA from VS was 15.9 years and was shorter for group 1 compared to group 2 at 5.9 years and 18.8 years, respectively (P = .09). Adjusting for CD4 cell counts had no effect on decay estimates. Conclusions. Early effective, long-term ART initiated from infancy leads to decay of HIV-1-infected cells to exceedingly low concentrations desired for HIV-1 remission strategies.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Decay Dynamics With Early, Long-term Virologic Control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were
Priyanka Uprety - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dna decay dynamics with early long term virologic control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were <1 year of age and in group 2 (n = 48) from 1 through 5 years of age at VS. Piecewise linear mixed-effects regression models assessed the effect of age at VS on HIV-1 DNA trajectories during VS. Results. In the first 2 years following VS, HIV-1 DNA levels decreased by -0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], -.36 to -.13) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was faster with early VS by age 1 year compared with after age 1 (-0.50 and -0.15 log10 copies/million PBMCs per year, respectively). Between years 2 and 14 from VS, HIV-1 DNA decayed by -0.05 (95% CI, -.06 to -.03) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was no longer significantly different between groups. The estimated mean half-life of HIV-1 DNA from VS was 15.9 years and was shorter for group 1 compared to group 2 at 5.9 years and 18.8 years, respectively (P = .09). Adjusting for CD4 cell counts had no effect on decay estimates. Conclusions. Early effective, long-term ART initiated from infancy leads to decay of HIV-1-infected cells to exceedingly low concentrations desired for HIV-1 remission strategies.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Decay Dynamics With Early, Long-term Virologic Control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were
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paucity of intact non induced provirus with early long term antiretroviral therapy of Perinatal hiv Infection
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Kaitlin Rainwaterlovett, Priyanka Uprety, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Douglas C Watson, Katherine Luzuriaga, George K Siberry, Ann Petru, Margaret M Mcmanus, Susanna L LamersAbstract:The latent reservoir is a major barrier to HIV eradication. Reservoir size is emerging as an important biomarker to assess the likelihood of HIV remission in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and may be reduced by earlier initiation of ART that restricts HIV spread into CD4+ T cells. Reservoir size is traditionally measured with a quantitative viral outgrowth assay (QVOA) that induces replication-competent HIV production through in vitro stimulation of resting CD4+ T cells. However, the recent identification of replication-intact, non-induced proviral genomes (NIPG) suggests the QVOA significantly underestimates (by 62-fold) latent reservoir size in chronically-infected adults. Whether formation and persistence of Intact, NIPG is thwarted by early ART initiation and long-term virologic suppression in Perinatal Infection is unclear. Here, we show that the latent reservoir in 11 early treated, long-term suppressed Perinatally infected children and adolescents was not inducible by QVOA and dominated by defective, NIPG. Single genome analysis of 164 NIPG from 232 million cultured resting CD4+ T cells revealed no replication-intact, near-full length sequences. Forty-three (26%) NIPG contained APOBEC3G-mediated hypermutation, 115 (70%) NIPG contained large internal deletions, one NIPG contained nonsense mutations and indels, and 5 (3%) NIPG were assigned as "Not Evaluable" due to multiple failed sequencing attempts that precluded further classification. The lack of replication competent inducible provirus and intact NIPG in this cohort indicate early, long-term ART of Perinatal Infection leads to marked diminution of replication-competent HIV-1 reservoirs, creating a favorable state towards interventions aimed at virologic remission.
Ya Hui Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dna decay dynamics with early long term virologic control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were <1 year of age and in group 2 (n = 48) from 1 through 5 years of age at VS. Piecewise linear mixed-effects regression models assessed the effect of age at VS on HIV-1 DNA trajectories during VS. Results. In the first 2 years following VS, HIV-1 DNA levels decreased by -0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], -.36 to -.13) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was faster with early VS by age 1 year compared with after age 1 (-0.50 and -0.15 log10 copies/million PBMCs per year, respectively). Between years 2 and 14 from VS, HIV-1 DNA decayed by -0.05 (95% CI, -.06 to -.03) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was no longer significantly different between groups. The estimated mean half-life of HIV-1 DNA from VS was 15.9 years and was shorter for group 1 compared to group 2 at 5.9 years and 18.8 years, respectively (P = .09). Adjusting for CD4 cell counts had no effect on decay estimates. Conclusions. Early effective, long-term ART initiated from infancy leads to decay of HIV-1-infected cells to exceedingly low concentrations desired for HIV-1 remission strategies.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Decay Dynamics With Early, Long-term Virologic Control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were
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paucity of intact non induced provirus with early long term antiretroviral therapy of Perinatal hiv Infection
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Kaitlin Rainwaterlovett, Priyanka Uprety, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Douglas C Watson, Katherine Luzuriaga, George K Siberry, Ann Petru, Margaret M Mcmanus, Susanna L LamersAbstract:The latent reservoir is a major barrier to HIV eradication. Reservoir size is emerging as an important biomarker to assess the likelihood of HIV remission in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and may be reduced by earlier initiation of ART that restricts HIV spread into CD4+ T cells. Reservoir size is traditionally measured with a quantitative viral outgrowth assay (QVOA) that induces replication-competent HIV production through in vitro stimulation of resting CD4+ T cells. However, the recent identification of replication-intact, non-induced proviral genomes (NIPG) suggests the QVOA significantly underestimates (by 62-fold) latent reservoir size in chronically-infected adults. Whether formation and persistence of Intact, NIPG is thwarted by early ART initiation and long-term virologic suppression in Perinatal Infection is unclear. Here, we show that the latent reservoir in 11 early treated, long-term suppressed Perinatally infected children and adolescents was not inducible by QVOA and dominated by defective, NIPG. Single genome analysis of 164 NIPG from 232 million cultured resting CD4+ T cells revealed no replication-intact, near-full length sequences. Forty-three (26%) NIPG contained APOBEC3G-mediated hypermutation, 115 (70%) NIPG contained large internal deletions, one NIPG contained nonsense mutations and indels, and 5 (3%) NIPG were assigned as "Not Evaluable" due to multiple failed sequencing attempts that precluded further classification. The lack of replication competent inducible provirus and intact NIPG in this cohort indicate early, long-term ART of Perinatal Infection leads to marked diminution of replication-competent HIV-1 reservoirs, creating a favorable state towards interventions aimed at virologic remission.
Carrie Ziemniak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dna decay dynamics with early long term virologic control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were <1 year of age and in group 2 (n = 48) from 1 through 5 years of age at VS. Piecewise linear mixed-effects regression models assessed the effect of age at VS on HIV-1 DNA trajectories during VS. Results. In the first 2 years following VS, HIV-1 DNA levels decreased by -0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], -.36 to -.13) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was faster with early VS by age 1 year compared with after age 1 (-0.50 and -0.15 log10 copies/million PBMCs per year, respectively). Between years 2 and 14 from VS, HIV-1 DNA decayed by -0.05 (95% CI, -.06 to -.03) log10 copies/million PBMCs per year and was no longer significantly different between groups. The estimated mean half-life of HIV-1 DNA from VS was 15.9 years and was shorter for group 1 compared to group 2 at 5.9 years and 18.8 years, respectively (P = .09). Adjusting for CD4 cell counts had no effect on decay estimates. Conclusions. Early effective, long-term ART initiated from infancy leads to decay of HIV-1-infected cells to exceedingly low concentrations desired for HIV-1 remission strategies.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Decay Dynamics With Early, Long-term Virologic Control of Perinatal Infection
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017Co-Authors: Priyanka Uprety, Kunjal Patel, Brad Karalius, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Sean S. Brummel, Suzanne Siminski, Russell B. Van Dyke, George R. Seage, Deborah PersaudAbstract:Background. Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits proviral reservoirs, a goal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remission strategies. Whether this is an immediate or long-term effect of virologic suppression (VS) in Perinatal Infection is unknown. Methods. We quantified HIV-1 DNA longitudinally for up to 14 years in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among 61 Perinatally HIV-1-infected youths in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study who achieved VS at different ages. Participants in group 1 (n = 13) were
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paucity of intact non induced provirus with early long term antiretroviral therapy of Perinatal hiv Infection
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Kaitlin Rainwaterlovett, Priyanka Uprety, Carrie Ziemniak, Ya Hui Chen, Douglas C Watson, Katherine Luzuriaga, George K Siberry, Ann Petru, Margaret M Mcmanus, Susanna L LamersAbstract:The latent reservoir is a major barrier to HIV eradication. Reservoir size is emerging as an important biomarker to assess the likelihood of HIV remission in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and may be reduced by earlier initiation of ART that restricts HIV spread into CD4+ T cells. Reservoir size is traditionally measured with a quantitative viral outgrowth assay (QVOA) that induces replication-competent HIV production through in vitro stimulation of resting CD4+ T cells. However, the recent identification of replication-intact, non-induced proviral genomes (NIPG) suggests the QVOA significantly underestimates (by 62-fold) latent reservoir size in chronically-infected adults. Whether formation and persistence of Intact, NIPG is thwarted by early ART initiation and long-term virologic suppression in Perinatal Infection is unclear. Here, we show that the latent reservoir in 11 early treated, long-term suppressed Perinatally infected children and adolescents was not inducible by QVOA and dominated by defective, NIPG. Single genome analysis of 164 NIPG from 232 million cultured resting CD4+ T cells revealed no replication-intact, near-full length sequences. Forty-three (26%) NIPG contained APOBEC3G-mediated hypermutation, 115 (70%) NIPG contained large internal deletions, one NIPG contained nonsense mutations and indels, and 5 (3%) NIPG were assigned as "Not Evaluable" due to multiple failed sequencing attempts that precluded further classification. The lack of replication competent inducible provirus and intact NIPG in this cohort indicate early, long-term ART of Perinatal Infection leads to marked diminution of replication-competent HIV-1 reservoirs, creating a favorable state towards interventions aimed at virologic remission.
Luigi Chieco-bianchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perinatal Infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1): relationship between proviral copy number in vivo, viral properties in vitro, and clinical outcome.
Journal of medical virology, 1991Co-Authors: A. De Rossi, Marcella Pasti, Fabrizio Mammano, Lucia Ometto, Carlo Giaquinto, Luigi Chieco-bianchiAbstract:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from 25 Perinatally HIV-1 infected children were classified according to their capacity to replicate in vitro as rapid (R), intermediate (S/R) and slow (S) variants. R-type viruses replicated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and grew better in T-lymphoid cells, even though 9 out of 12 isolates also maintained tropism for monocytoid cells. The S/R-type isolates replicated efficiently after several days of culture, while the S-type viruses displayed only a low and transient replication activity; however, both S/R- and S-type isolates exerted viral transactivation activity in an indicator monocytoid cell line. Replication patterns in vitro were significantly associated in vivo with the number of HIV-1 copies in PBMCs as determined by polymerase chain reaction: in children with R-type isolates, the number of HIV-1 proviral DNA molecules/10(5) PBMCs ranged from 62 to 571, and in children with S/R and S isolates the range was 5-43. Seven children had severe symptomatic HIV-1 Infection, and in all an R-type virus was identified; 18 children had no or only mild symptoms, and among these, S-, S/R-, and R-type isolates were found in 5, 8, and 5 cases, respectively. Besides demonstrating HIV-1 variability in Perinatal Infection, these findings suggest that R-type virus might be a prerequisite for disease progression.