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Jennifer S Read - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • infectious disease morbidity among young hiv 1 exposed but uninfected infants in latin american and caribbean countries the national institute of child health and human development international site development initiative Perinatal Study
    Pediatrics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Marisa Marcia Mussipinhata, Laura Freimanis, Aparecida Yulie Yamamoto, James Korelitz, Jorge Pinto, Maria Leticia Santos Cruz, Marcelo H Losso, Jennifer S Read
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. The goal was to describe the frequency, characteristics, and correlates of infectious disease morbidity during the first 6 months of life among HIV-1–exposed but uninfected infants. METHODS. The Study population consisted of infants enrolled in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study who were HIV-1 uninfected and had follow-up data through the 6-month Study visit. Definitive and presumed infections were recorded at Study visits (birth, 6–12 weeks, and 6 months). RESULTS. Of 462 HIV-1–uninfected infants with 11644 child-weeks of observation, 283 experienced ≥1 infection. These 283 infants experienced 522 infections (1.8 infections per infant). The overall incidence rate of infections was 4.5 cases per 100 child-weeks of observation. Overall, the most common infections were skin or mucous membrane infections (1.9 cases per 100 child-weeks) and respiratory tract infections (1.7 cases per 100 child-weeks). Thirty-six percent of infants had >1 respiratory tract infection (1.8 cases per 100 child-weeks). Incidence rates of upper and lower respiratory tract infections were similar (0.89 cases per 100 child-weeks and 0.9 cases per 100 child-weeks, respectively). Cutaneous and/or oral candidiasis occurred in 48 neonates (10.3%) and 92 older infants (19.3%). Early neonatal sepsis was diagnosed in 12 infants (26.0 cases per 1000 infants). Overall, 81 of 462 (17.5%) infants were hospitalized with an infection. Infants with lower respiratory tract infections were hospitalized frequently (40.7%). The occurrence of ≥1 neonatal infection was associated with more-advanced maternal HIV-1 disease, tobacco use during pregnancy, infant anemia, and crowding. Lower maternal CD4+ cell counts, receipt of intrapartum antibiotic treatment, and country of residence were associated with postneonatal infections. CONCLUSIONS. Close monitoring of HIV-1–exposed infants, especially those who are anemic at birth or whose mothers have more-advanced HIV-1 disease or who smoked during pregnancy, remains important.

  • maternal antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and infant low birth weight and preterm birth
    AIDS, 2006
    Co-Authors: Edgardo Szyld, Geraldo Duarte, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Victor Hugo Melo, Eduardo Warley, Pedro Cahn, Guilherme Amaral Calvet, Jennifer S Read
    Abstract:

    The objective was to determine the relationship between maternal antiretroviral regimens during pregnancy and adverse infant outcomes [low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth]. The a priori hypothesis was that protease inhibitor (PI)-containing regimens are associated with an increased risk of LBW and preterm birth. Design: Prospective cohort Study of HIV-1-infected women and their infants (NISDI Perinatal Study). Data were analysed from 681 women receiving at least one antiretroviral drug [in order of increasing complexity: one or two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (1-2 NRTI) two NRTI plus one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) (HAART/NNRTI) or two NRTI plus one PI (HAART/PI)] for at least 28 days during pregnancy and who delivered live born singleton infants with known birth weight and gestational age by 1 March 2005. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to assess the relationship of maternal ART with LBW and with preterm birth adjusting for covariates. The incidence of LBW and preterm birth respectively was 9.6% and 7.4% (1-2 NRTI) 7.4% and 5.8% (HAART/NNRTI) and 16.7%and 10.6%(HAART/PI). There was no statistically significant increased risk of LBW [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.5; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.7-3.2] or preterm birth (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 0.5-2.8) among women who received HAART/PI compared with women receiving 1-2 NRTI. Among a population of HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean maternal receipt of PI-containing ART regimens during pregnancy was not associated with a statistically significant increase in risk of LBW or preterm birth. (authors)

  • mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in latin american and caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 the nichd international site development initiative nisdi Perinatal Study
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Geraldo Duarte, Jennifer S Read, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Silvina Ivalo, Victor Hugo Melo, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Claudia Mayoral, Mariana Ceriotto, Ricardo De Souza
    Abstract:

    Objective The purpose of this Study was to test whether cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes is associated with a higher risk of postpartum morbidity than vaginal delivery among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus–1 in Latin America and the Caribbean. Study design Data from a prospective cohort Study (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. The Study population consisted of women who were followed for ≥6 to 12 weeks after delivery, who had singleton infants, and with a known mode of delivery. Results Of 819 enrollees, 697women met inclusion criteria (299 vaginal deliveries, 260 cesarean deliveries before labor and before ruptured membranes, 138 cesarean deliveries after labor and/or after ruptured membranes); 36 women (5%) had postpartum morbidity (18 major, 18 minor). Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity ( P = .02). Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for postpartum morbidity according to mode of delivery were cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.5, 2.7]), cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.3, 6.7]), and vaginal delivery (reference). These results did not differ appreciably with covariate adjustment. Conclusion The rate of postpartum morbidity was low. Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity, possibly reflecting the larger proportion of minor postpartum morbidity events among those with cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes.

Laura Freimanis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • infectious disease morbidity among young hiv 1 exposed but uninfected infants in latin american and caribbean countries the national institute of child health and human development international site development initiative Perinatal Study
    Pediatrics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Marisa Marcia Mussipinhata, Laura Freimanis, Aparecida Yulie Yamamoto, James Korelitz, Jorge Pinto, Maria Leticia Santos Cruz, Marcelo H Losso, Jennifer S Read
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. The goal was to describe the frequency, characteristics, and correlates of infectious disease morbidity during the first 6 months of life among HIV-1–exposed but uninfected infants. METHODS. The Study population consisted of infants enrolled in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study who were HIV-1 uninfected and had follow-up data through the 6-month Study visit. Definitive and presumed infections were recorded at Study visits (birth, 6–12 weeks, and 6 months). RESULTS. Of 462 HIV-1–uninfected infants with 11644 child-weeks of observation, 283 experienced ≥1 infection. These 283 infants experienced 522 infections (1.8 infections per infant). The overall incidence rate of infections was 4.5 cases per 100 child-weeks of observation. Overall, the most common infections were skin or mucous membrane infections (1.9 cases per 100 child-weeks) and respiratory tract infections (1.7 cases per 100 child-weeks). Thirty-six percent of infants had >1 respiratory tract infection (1.8 cases per 100 child-weeks). Incidence rates of upper and lower respiratory tract infections were similar (0.89 cases per 100 child-weeks and 0.9 cases per 100 child-weeks, respectively). Cutaneous and/or oral candidiasis occurred in 48 neonates (10.3%) and 92 older infants (19.3%). Early neonatal sepsis was diagnosed in 12 infants (26.0 cases per 1000 infants). Overall, 81 of 462 (17.5%) infants were hospitalized with an infection. Infants with lower respiratory tract infections were hospitalized frequently (40.7%). The occurrence of ≥1 neonatal infection was associated with more-advanced maternal HIV-1 disease, tobacco use during pregnancy, infant anemia, and crowding. Lower maternal CD4+ cell counts, receipt of intrapartum antibiotic treatment, and country of residence were associated with postneonatal infections. CONCLUSIONS. Close monitoring of HIV-1–exposed infants, especially those who are anemic at birth or whose mothers have more-advanced HIV-1 disease or who smoked during pregnancy, remains important.

  • maternal antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and infant low birth weight and preterm birth
    AIDS, 2006
    Co-Authors: Edgardo Szyld, Geraldo Duarte, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Victor Hugo Melo, Eduardo Warley, Pedro Cahn, Guilherme Amaral Calvet, Jennifer S Read
    Abstract:

    The objective was to determine the relationship between maternal antiretroviral regimens during pregnancy and adverse infant outcomes [low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth]. The a priori hypothesis was that protease inhibitor (PI)-containing regimens are associated with an increased risk of LBW and preterm birth. Design: Prospective cohort Study of HIV-1-infected women and their infants (NISDI Perinatal Study). Data were analysed from 681 women receiving at least one antiretroviral drug [in order of increasing complexity: one or two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (1-2 NRTI) two NRTI plus one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) (HAART/NNRTI) or two NRTI plus one PI (HAART/PI)] for at least 28 days during pregnancy and who delivered live born singleton infants with known birth weight and gestational age by 1 March 2005. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to assess the relationship of maternal ART with LBW and with preterm birth adjusting for covariates. The incidence of LBW and preterm birth respectively was 9.6% and 7.4% (1-2 NRTI) 7.4% and 5.8% (HAART/NNRTI) and 16.7%and 10.6%(HAART/PI). There was no statistically significant increased risk of LBW [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.5; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.7-3.2] or preterm birth (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 0.5-2.8) among women who received HAART/PI compared with women receiving 1-2 NRTI. Among a population of HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean maternal receipt of PI-containing ART regimens during pregnancy was not associated with a statistically significant increase in risk of LBW or preterm birth. (authors)

  • mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in latin american and caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 the nichd international site development initiative nisdi Perinatal Study
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Geraldo Duarte, Jennifer S Read, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Silvina Ivalo, Victor Hugo Melo, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Claudia Mayoral, Mariana Ceriotto, Ricardo De Souza
    Abstract:

    Objective The purpose of this Study was to test whether cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes is associated with a higher risk of postpartum morbidity than vaginal delivery among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus–1 in Latin America and the Caribbean. Study design Data from a prospective cohort Study (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. The Study population consisted of women who were followed for ≥6 to 12 weeks after delivery, who had singleton infants, and with a known mode of delivery. Results Of 819 enrollees, 697women met inclusion criteria (299 vaginal deliveries, 260 cesarean deliveries before labor and before ruptured membranes, 138 cesarean deliveries after labor and/or after ruptured membranes); 36 women (5%) had postpartum morbidity (18 major, 18 minor). Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity ( P = .02). Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for postpartum morbidity according to mode of delivery were cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.5, 2.7]), cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.3, 6.7]), and vaginal delivery (reference). These results did not differ appreciably with covariate adjustment. Conclusion The rate of postpartum morbidity was low. Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity, possibly reflecting the larger proportion of minor postpartum morbidity events among those with cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes.

Geraldo Duarte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • maternal antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and infant low birth weight and preterm birth
    AIDS, 2006
    Co-Authors: Edgardo Szyld, Geraldo Duarte, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Victor Hugo Melo, Eduardo Warley, Pedro Cahn, Guilherme Amaral Calvet, Jennifer S Read
    Abstract:

    The objective was to determine the relationship between maternal antiretroviral regimens during pregnancy and adverse infant outcomes [low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth]. The a priori hypothesis was that protease inhibitor (PI)-containing regimens are associated with an increased risk of LBW and preterm birth. Design: Prospective cohort Study of HIV-1-infected women and their infants (NISDI Perinatal Study). Data were analysed from 681 women receiving at least one antiretroviral drug [in order of increasing complexity: one or two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (1-2 NRTI) two NRTI plus one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) (HAART/NNRTI) or two NRTI plus one PI (HAART/PI)] for at least 28 days during pregnancy and who delivered live born singleton infants with known birth weight and gestational age by 1 March 2005. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to assess the relationship of maternal ART with LBW and with preterm birth adjusting for covariates. The incidence of LBW and preterm birth respectively was 9.6% and 7.4% (1-2 NRTI) 7.4% and 5.8% (HAART/NNRTI) and 16.7%and 10.6%(HAART/PI). There was no statistically significant increased risk of LBW [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.5; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.7-3.2] or preterm birth (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 0.5-2.8) among women who received HAART/PI compared with women receiving 1-2 NRTI. Among a population of HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean maternal receipt of PI-containing ART regimens during pregnancy was not associated with a statistically significant increase in risk of LBW or preterm birth. (authors)

  • mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in latin american and caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 the nichd international site development initiative nisdi Perinatal Study
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Geraldo Duarte, Jennifer S Read, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Silvina Ivalo, Victor Hugo Melo, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Claudia Mayoral, Mariana Ceriotto, Ricardo De Souza
    Abstract:

    Objective The purpose of this Study was to test whether cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes is associated with a higher risk of postpartum morbidity than vaginal delivery among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus–1 in Latin America and the Caribbean. Study design Data from a prospective cohort Study (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. The Study population consisted of women who were followed for ≥6 to 12 weeks after delivery, who had singleton infants, and with a known mode of delivery. Results Of 819 enrollees, 697women met inclusion criteria (299 vaginal deliveries, 260 cesarean deliveries before labor and before ruptured membranes, 138 cesarean deliveries after labor and/or after ruptured membranes); 36 women (5%) had postpartum morbidity (18 major, 18 minor). Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity ( P = .02). Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for postpartum morbidity according to mode of delivery were cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.5, 2.7]), cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.3, 6.7]), and vaginal delivery (reference). These results did not differ appreciably with covariate adjustment. Conclusion The rate of postpartum morbidity was low. Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity, possibly reflecting the larger proportion of minor postpartum morbidity events among those with cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes.

Ricardo De Souza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in latin american and caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 the nichd international site development initiative nisdi Perinatal Study
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Geraldo Duarte, Jennifer S Read, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Silvina Ivalo, Victor Hugo Melo, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Claudia Mayoral, Mariana Ceriotto, Ricardo De Souza
    Abstract:

    Objective The purpose of this Study was to test whether cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes is associated with a higher risk of postpartum morbidity than vaginal delivery among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus–1 in Latin America and the Caribbean. Study design Data from a prospective cohort Study (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. The Study population consisted of women who were followed for ≥6 to 12 weeks after delivery, who had singleton infants, and with a known mode of delivery. Results Of 819 enrollees, 697women met inclusion criteria (299 vaginal deliveries, 260 cesarean deliveries before labor and before ruptured membranes, 138 cesarean deliveries after labor and/or after ruptured membranes); 36 women (5%) had postpartum morbidity (18 major, 18 minor). Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity ( P = .02). Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for postpartum morbidity according to mode of delivery were cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.5, 2.7]), cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.3, 6.7]), and vaginal delivery (reference). These results did not differ appreciably with covariate adjustment. Conclusion The rate of postpartum morbidity was low. Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity, possibly reflecting the larger proportion of minor postpartum morbidity events among those with cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes.

Rene Gonin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • maternal antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and infant low birth weight and preterm birth
    AIDS, 2006
    Co-Authors: Edgardo Szyld, Geraldo Duarte, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Victor Hugo Melo, Eduardo Warley, Pedro Cahn, Guilherme Amaral Calvet, Jennifer S Read
    Abstract:

    The objective was to determine the relationship between maternal antiretroviral regimens during pregnancy and adverse infant outcomes [low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth]. The a priori hypothesis was that protease inhibitor (PI)-containing regimens are associated with an increased risk of LBW and preterm birth. Design: Prospective cohort Study of HIV-1-infected women and their infants (NISDI Perinatal Study). Data were analysed from 681 women receiving at least one antiretroviral drug [in order of increasing complexity: one or two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (1-2 NRTI) two NRTI plus one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) (HAART/NNRTI) or two NRTI plus one PI (HAART/PI)] for at least 28 days during pregnancy and who delivered live born singleton infants with known birth weight and gestational age by 1 March 2005. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to assess the relationship of maternal ART with LBW and with preterm birth adjusting for covariates. The incidence of LBW and preterm birth respectively was 9.6% and 7.4% (1-2 NRTI) 7.4% and 5.8% (HAART/NNRTI) and 16.7%and 10.6%(HAART/PI). There was no statistically significant increased risk of LBW [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.5; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.7-3.2] or preterm birth (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 0.5-2.8) among women who received HAART/PI compared with women receiving 1-2 NRTI. Among a population of HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean maternal receipt of PI-containing ART regimens during pregnancy was not associated with a statistically significant increase in risk of LBW or preterm birth. (authors)

  • mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in latin american and caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 the nichd international site development initiative nisdi Perinatal Study
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Geraldo Duarte, Jennifer S Read, Rene Gonin, Laura Freimanis, Silvina Ivalo, Victor Hugo Melo, Alessandra Cristina Marcolin, Claudia Mayoral, Mariana Ceriotto, Ricardo De Souza
    Abstract:

    Objective The purpose of this Study was to test whether cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes is associated with a higher risk of postpartum morbidity than vaginal delivery among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus–1 in Latin America and the Caribbean. Study design Data from a prospective cohort Study (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. The Study population consisted of women who were followed for ≥6 to 12 weeks after delivery, who had singleton infants, and with a known mode of delivery. Results Of 819 enrollees, 697women met inclusion criteria (299 vaginal deliveries, 260 cesarean deliveries before labor and before ruptured membranes, 138 cesarean deliveries after labor and/or after ruptured membranes); 36 women (5%) had postpartum morbidity (18 major, 18 minor). Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity ( P = .02). Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for postpartum morbidity according to mode of delivery were cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.5, 2.7]), cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.3, 6.7]), and vaginal delivery (reference). These results did not differ appreciably with covariate adjustment. Conclusion The rate of postpartum morbidity was low. Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity, possibly reflecting the larger proportion of minor postpartum morbidity events among those with cesarean delivery after labor and/or after ruptured membranes.