The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nikolaos Donos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Periodontal Pocket
Periodontology 2000, 2018Co-Authors: Nikolaos DonosAbstract:Periodontal disease is synonymous with the presence of Periodontal Pockets, and very often the clinical success of Periodontal therapy is based on Periodontal Pocket depth reduction. Therefore, in the fields of periodontology and implant dentistry, significant research effort has been placed on the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Periodontal/peri-implant disease and as a consequence on Pocket pathology. In this volume of Periodontology 2000, the in-depth reviews include topics ranging from preclinical models, anatomy and structure of tissues, and molecular and bacterial components, to treatments of Pockets around teeth and implants. These reviews aim to provide the readers with current and future perspectives on the different areas of research into the Periodontal Pocket.
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description of the Periodontal Pocket in preclinical models limitations and considerations
Periodontology 2000, 2018Co-Authors: Nikolaos Donos, Jungchul Park, Andre Vajgel, Bruna De Carvalho Farias, Xanthippi DerekaAbstract:Establishment of Periodontal health and regeneration of the lost Periodontal tissues are always the ultimate goal of Periodontal treatment. The development of new therapeutic approaches raises the necessity for appropriate experimental models that present Periodontal structures and healing capability comparable to humans. Preclinical research and extrapolation of the data to human conditions remains a stage of great importance before the clinical application of the new biomaterials and techniques. Periodontal Pockets/defects in preclinical models can be induced experimentally through acute or chronic or a combination of both (induced) modalities. The features of the created defects and those of humans vary greatly mostly due to the nature of the Periodontal disease. This is an important point to take into account, since it is well recognized that the potential of Periodontal therapy may be dependent on both the biological background and the defect morphology. This review provides insight into the commonly used preclinical models for the reproduction of the Periodontal Pocket and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each model in terms of similarity to human conditions, standardization and reproducibility.
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surgical treatment of the residual Periodontal Pocket
Periodontology 2000, 2018Co-Authors: Filippo Graziani, Dimitra Karapetsa, Nikolaos Mardas, Natalie Leow, Nikolaos DonosAbstract:The ultimate goal of Periodontal therapy is to prevent further disease progression in order to reduce the risk of tooth loss. This objective can be achieved through a number of therapeutic modalities comprising both the nonsurgical and surgical phases of Periodontal therapy. Nonsurgical Periodontal treatment has been shown to control Periodontal infection and to arrest progression of the disease in a significant number of cases. However, despite completion of nonsurgical treatment, a number of Periodontal Pockets, defined as 'residual', often remain. The presence of residual Pockets may jeopardize tooth survival and be a risk factor of further disease progression, and ultimately tooth loss. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze the knowledge available on the indications for and the performance of Periodontal surgical treatment of residual Pockets in terms of 'traditional' (clinical, microbiological), patient-based and systemic health outcomes.
Marc Quirynen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Viability of cultured Periodontal Pocket epithelium cells and Porphyromonas gingivalis association.
Journal of clinical periodontology, 2002Co-Authors: K Dierickx, J.-j. Cassiman, J. Van Eldere, D. Van Steenberghe, Martine Pauwels, Marc QuirynenAbstract:Objectives:Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the key pathogens in the development of periodontitis, produces a number of virulence factors that might explain its pathogenicity. One of them is the ability to adhere and invade Pocket epithelium. The aim of this study was to follow, over time, the association of P. gingivalis and consequent morphological changes of the Pocket epithelium cells. Material and Methods: The association capacity of four P. gingivalis serotypes [K1, K2, K4, K- (nonencapsulated)] with in vitro cultured mono-layers from Periodontal Pocket epithelial cells of patients with periodontitis, was followed by fluorescence microscopy and bacterial culture. The contact time between bacteria and epithelium cells ranged from 45 min to 8 h. The microscopic evaluation allowed differentiation between dead and living cells (bacteria as well as epithelium) and description of the morphological changes after association. Results: A highly significant difference in the number of associating bacteria was found between dead and living epithelium cells, and between non-capsulated and capsulated strains. A significant increase in the proportion of dead Pocket epithelium cells was found with prolonged association time. The morphological changes (rounding of the epithelial cell, detachment from the glass cover-slip and loss of intercellular contact) occurred faster for mono-layers inoculated with the non-encapsulated P. gingivalis strain. Conclusions: This study indicates that dead Pocket epithelium cells harbor more P. gingivalis cells, and that a positive correlation exists between contact time and cell death. For the P. ginigvalis species, non-encapsulated strains associate in higher number. As a result, the damage they cause to the host cell seems to occur faster than occurs in encapsulated strains. As such, cell death can be seen as the end-result of bacterial association.
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multi layered Periodontal Pocket epithelium reconstituted in vitro histology and cytokeratin profiles
Journal of Periodontology, 1999Co-Authors: William Papaioannou, Jeanjacques Cassiman, Joost Van Den Oord, Rita Vos, Daniel Van Steenberghe, Marc QuirynenAbstract:Background: In order to study inter-individual differences in bacterial adhesion/invasion of Periodontal tissues, an in vitro model for culturing multi-layered Pocket epithelium without feeder layers or stromal equivalents (including the evaluation of their cytokeratin profiles) was developed. Methods: Pocket epithelium was collected and grown until confluent in Falcon flasks using keratinocyte-serum free medium (KSFM), without a feeder layer. In the second passage, oral keratinocytes were re-grown in a 2 compartment system using either a clear polyester (transwell-clear [TCL]) or a collagen (transwell-col [TCO]) membrane as culture surface. After the first week, the calcium concentration was raised to 1.2 mM and in half the wells, the KSFM was supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). Histology and immunohistochemistry were performed after 1, 2, and 3 weeks of additional growth. Results: In general, all conditions resulted in a structured epithelium consisting of 3 to 5 layers, but important differen...
Kenji Okuda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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distribution of porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola in human subgingival plaque at different Periodontal Pocket depths examined by immunohistochemical methods
Journal of Periodontal Research, 1995Co-Authors: Takashi Kigure, Atsushi Saito, Kizuku Seida, Satoru Yamada, Kazuyuki Ishihara, Kenji OkudaAbstract:Summary Localization of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in different areas of subgingival plaque from advanced adult periodontitis patients was studied immunohistochemically using sensitive immunogold-silver staining and immunoelectron microscopy. Fourteen Periodontally diseased teeth were extracted without damaging the subgingival plaque, fixed, and embedded. The subgingival plaque samples were sectioned according to four different Pocket depths (0–2 mm, 2–4 mm, 4–6 mm and ≤6 mm). Serial thin sections were stained using specific antisera to P. gingivalis or T. denticola and then with secondary antibody labelled with colloidal-gold. Cells of both P. gingivalis and T. denticola were predominantly found in subgingival plaque located at depths of more than 4 mm in Periodontal Pockets. T. denticola cells were found in the surface layers of subgingival plaque, and P. gingivalis were predominant beneath them. However, in the deeper subgingival plaque, the coexistence of P. gingivalis and T. denticola was observed. The present findings suggest that P. gingivalis and T. denticola play important roles in the pathogenicity of Periodontal disease and provide the useful information for elucidating the pattern of colonization of microorganisms in the Periodontal Pocket.
Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan Sahu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Investigation on solution-to-gel characteristic of thermosensitive and mucoadhesive biopolymers for the development of moxifloxacin-loaded sustained release Periodontal in situ gels
Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2019Co-Authors: Ravi Sheshala, Soo Ying Quah, Venkata Srikanth Meka, Naveen Jnanendrappa, Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan SahuAbstract:The objectives of present research were to develop and characterize thermosensitive and mucoadhesive polymer-based sustained release moxifloxacin in situ gels for the treatment of Periodontal diseases. Poloxamer- and chitosan-based in situ gels are in liquid form at room temperature and transform into gel once administered into Periodontal Pocket due to raise in temperature to 37 °C. Besides solution-to-gel characteristic of polymers, their mucoadhesive nature aids the gel to adhere to mucosa in Periodontal Pocket for prolonged time and releases the drug in sustained manner. These formulations were prepared using cold method and evaluated for pH, solution-gel temperature, syringeability and viscosity. In vitro drug release studies were conducted using dialysis membrane at 37 °C and 50 rpm. Antimicrobial studies carried out against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ( A.A. ) and Streptococcus mutans ( S. Mutans ) using agar cup-plate method . The prepared formulations were clear and pH was at 7.01–7.40. The viscosity of formulations was found to be satisfactory. Among the all, formulations comprising of 21% poloxamer 407 and 2% poloxamer 188 (P5) and in combination with 0.5% HPMC (P6) as well as 2% chitosan and 70% β-glycerophosphate (C6) demonstrated an ideal gelation temperature (33–37 °C) and sustained the drug release for 8 h. Formulations P6 and C6 showed promising antimicrobial efficacy with zone of inhibition of 27 mm for A.A . and 55 mm for S. Mutans . The developed sustained release in situ gel formulations could enhance patient’s compliance by reducing the dosing frequency and also act as an alternative treatment to curb periodontitis.
Takanori Iwata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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residual Periodontal Pocket treatment with er yag laser assisted comprehensive Periodontal Pocket therapy a retrospective study
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2021Co-Authors: Akira Aoki, Koji Mizutani, Risako Mikami, Yoichi Taniguchi, Yujin Ohsugi, Walter Meinzer, Yuichi Izumi, Takanori IwataAbstract:Recently, the application of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser has been increasing in Periodontal therapy. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a novel Pocket therapy using Er:YAG laser in combination with conventional mechanical scaling and root planing treatment (Er:YAG laser-assisted comprehensive Periodontal Pocket therapy). Forty sites in 29 elderly patients having residual Periodontal Pockets of ≥ 5 mm depth were treated by curette and Er:YAG laser from 2006 to 2009. After root debridement by curette, laser irradiation was performed on the root surfaces. Then, inflamed connective tissue on the inner gingival surface and on the bone surface/within extant bone defects was thoroughly debrided by curette and laser. Furthermore, in most cases, removal of the outer epithelium and coagulation of the blood clot in the Pocket entrance were additionally performed with laser. Clinical parameters were evaluated before and 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. With Er:YAG laser-assisted Pocket therapy, debridement of Pockets was thoroughly and safely performed, and favorable clinical improvements were observed in most cases, without any adverse side effects and complications. After 1 year, probing Pocket depth significantly decreased from 6.4 ± 1.4 to 3.5 ± 1.3 mm (p < 0.001, 3.0 mm reduction), and clinical attachment level significantly decreased from 7.5 ± 1.6 to 5.2 ± 1.9 mm (p < 0.001, 2.3 mm gain). The results of this study indicate that Er:YAG laser-assisted therapy is useful for the treatment of residual Pockets as a minimally invasive flapless surgery. Er:YAG laser-assisted comprehensive Pocket therapy reduces the necessity of more conventional surgical therapies.