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Colette Breuil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae -complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae - complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using β-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Jae Jin Kim, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using beta-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
Frances Trail - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perithecial development by Gibberella zeae: a light microscopy study
Mycologia, 2019Co-Authors: Frances Trail, Ralph S. CommonAbstract:Gibberella zeae (anamorph Fusarium gra- minearum) is the causal agent of head blight, and foot and crown rots of wheat, corn, oats and barley. The developmental sequence of Perithecia from ho- mothallic Group II isolates of G. zeae was traced by light microscopy. Cultures induced to form perithe- cia produced wide hyphae with two or more nuclei per cell that gave rise to Perithecial initials composed of undifferentiated, uninucleate cells. Neither asco- gonia nor antheridia were observed. The ascogenous system arose from cells in the inner wall of the young perithecium and as the perithecium matured, formed a hymenium at the base of the centrum. Api- cal paraphyses, differentiated from cells in the upper periderm, grew downward and became attached to the hymenium. In the central axis of the peritheci- um, the ostiole formed from small, darkly-staining, uninucleate cells that differentiated into the peri- physes. Once the apical paraphyses were completely developed, typical croziers formed in the hymenium. As the asci elongated, the apical paraphyses col- lapsed, although their walls remained intact between the asci. Mature asci contained eight, four-celled as- cospores in a biseriate arrangement. The ascus walls were simple with a slight thickening at the tip.
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Video Article Sexual Development and Ascospore Discharge in Fusarium graminearum
2016Co-Authors: Brad Cavinder, Usha Sikhakolli, Kayla M. Fellows, Frances TrailAbstract:(61), e3895, doi:10.3791/3895 (2012). Fusarium graminearum has become a model system for studies in development and pathogenicity of filamentous fungi. F. graminearum most easily produces fruiting bodies, called Perithecia, on carrot agar. Perithecia contain numerous tissue types, produced at specific stages of perithecium development. These include (in order of appearance) formation of the perithecium initials (which give rise to the ascogenous hyphae), the outer wall, paraphyses (sterile mycelia which occupy the center of the perithecium until the asci develop), the asci, and the ascospores within the asci14. The development of each of these tissues is separated by approximately 24 hours and has been the basis of transcriptomic studies during sexual development12,8. Refer to Hallen et al. (2007) for a more thorough description of development, including photographs of each stage. Here, we present the methods for generating and harvesting synchronously developing lawns of Perithecia for temporal studies of gene regulation, development, and physiological processes. Although these methods are written specifically to be used with F. graminearum, the techniques can be used for a variety of other fungi, provided that fruiting can be induced in culture and there is some synchrony to development. We have recently adapted this protocol to study the sexual development of F. verticillioides. Although individua
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Phenotypes of Perithecia from crosses in N. crassa.
2014Co-Authors: Nina A. Lehr, Frances Trail, Zheng Wang, David A. Hewitt, Francesc López-giráldez, Jeffrey P. TownsendAbstract:(A) WT control, (B) ΔNCU06316: perithecium development was arrested at early stage equally to 48–72 h, (C) ΔNCU07508: perithecium development was arrested at 48–72 h, (D) ΔNCU06874: no Perithecia formed, only protoPerithecia, though melanin was released into the medium (white arrow heads), (E) ΔNCU05609: no Perithecia formed, only protoPerithecia, (F) ΔNCU00175: no Perithecia formed, only protoPerithecia, (G) ΔNCU00427: no Perithecia formed, only protoPerithecia. (H) ΔNCU02089: protoPerithecia failed to develop into Perithecia, and (I) ΔNCU09525: protoPerithecia only. Perithecia (large, black) and protoPerithecia (small, yellowish-gray to gray) are indicated with black arrow heads.
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Microarray analysis of transcript accumulation during perithecium development in the filamentous fungus Gibberella zeae (anamorph Fusarium graminearum).
Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG, 2006Co-Authors: Chil Kwon, Frances TrailAbstract:Gibberella zeae (anamorph Fusarium graminearum) is the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat and barley in the United States. Ascospores forcibly discharged from mature fruiting bodies, the Perithecia, serve as the primary inoculum for FHB epidemics. To identify genes important for perithecium development and function, a cDNA microarray that covered 11% of the G. zeae genome was constructed. The microarray was used to measure changes in transcription levels of genes expressed during three successive stages of perithecium development. When compared with vegetative mycelia, 651 (31%) cDNA clones showed changes in transcript levels in at least one of the three developmental stages. During perithecium development, 263 (13%) cDNA clones showed temporal changes in transcript profiles. Transcripts that showed the greatest changes in levels in maturing Perithecia belonged to genes in the FunCat main functional categories of cell rescue, metabolism, cell type differentiation, energy, and cellular transport. For genes related to metabolism and cell type differentiation, transcripts showed the highest levels in immature Perithecia, whereas for cellular transport-related genes, transcripts showed the highest levels in mature Perithecia. This study represents the first large-scale investigation of both spatial and temporal changes in transcript levels during perithecium development. It provides clear evidence that the sexual development in fungi is a complex, multigenic process and identifies genes involved in sexual development of this agriculturally important fungus.
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physiological and environmental aspects of ascospore discharge in gibberella zeae anamorph fusarium graminearum
Mycologia, 2002Co-Authors: Frances Trail, Rachel Loranger, David M GadouryAbstract:We investigated ascospore discharge in the Perithecial fungus, Gibberella zeae. In a wind tunnel study that simulated constant rain and varying day and night lengths, the rate of ascospore release was approximately 8-30% greater under light than in complete darkness. Under constant light, ascospore discharge occurred at maximal rates at relative humidity levels greater than 92%. When Perithecia were placed under conditions of high external osmolarity, ascospore discharge was significantly reduced. Ascospores were discharged from asci along with droplets of fluid, the epiplasm, from within the ascus. Analysis of discharged epiplasmic fluid by GC-MASS Spectrometry revealed that mannitol was the major simple sugar component of the fluid. Activity of mannitol dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of fructose to mannitol, was higher in protein extracts from mature Perithecia than in extracts from vegetative tissue. Several inhibitors of K(+) and Ca(++) ion channels inhibited ascospore discharge, which suggested that ascospore discharge resulted from the buildup of turgor pressure generated by ion fluxes and mannitol accumulation.
Wen-hsin Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae -complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae - complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using β-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Jae Jin Kim, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using beta-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
Yuichi Yamaoka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Jae Jin Kim, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using beta-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae -complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae - complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using β-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
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Three new Ophiostoma species with Pesotum anamorphs associated with bark beetles infesting Abies species in Nikko, Japan
Mycoscience, 2004Co-Authors: Yuichi Yamaoka, Nobuaki Ohtaka, Hiroshi Masuya, Shigeru KanekoAbstract:Three species of Ophiostoma possessing Pesotum anamorphs isolated from bark beetles and their galleries infesting Abies species in Nikko, Japan, are described as new species. Ophiostoma nikkoense is characterized by brush-shaped synnemata producing long septate clavate conidia, Perithecia with neck, and allantoid ascospores. Ophiostoma microcarpum has smaller Perithecia with hyphoid ostiolar hyphae on the neck, and the ascospores are cylindrical or ossiform in side and face views. Ophiostoma abieticola has Perithecia without ostiolar hyphae on the neck and produces orange-section-shaped or reniform ascospores.
Hiroshi Masuya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Jae Jin Kim, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae-complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using beta-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
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ophiostoma breviusculum sp nov ophiostomatales ascomycota is a new species in the ophiostoma piceae complex associated with bark beetles infesting larch in japan
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Wen-hsin Chung, Adnan Uzunovic, Yuichi Yamaoka, Hiroshi Masuya, Colette BreuilAbstract:A new species of the Ophiostoma piceae -complex was isolated from bark beetles and the insect galleries of Larix kaempferi in Japan. This species was described as Ophiostoma breviusculum. The fungus was morphologically similar to O. piceae and O. quercus. However the average length of the Perithecial necks and synnemata were shorter than for O. piceae and O. quercus. Synnemata morphological characteristics also differentiated O. breviusculum from the other species of the Ophiostoma piceae - complex isolated from conifers. Mating tests demonstrated that this fungus did not produce Perithecia with O. floccosum, O. piceae and O. quercus. In phylogenetic trees using rDNA ITS O. breviusculum was placed in a clade with O. canum, O. piceae and O. subalpinum, but when using β-tubulin it was placed into a separate clade.
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Three new Ophiostoma species with Pesotum anamorphs associated with bark beetles infesting Abies species in Nikko, Japan
Mycoscience, 2004Co-Authors: Yuichi Yamaoka, Nobuaki Ohtaka, Hiroshi Masuya, Shigeru KanekoAbstract:Three species of Ophiostoma possessing Pesotum anamorphs isolated from bark beetles and their galleries infesting Abies species in Nikko, Japan, are described as new species. Ophiostoma nikkoense is characterized by brush-shaped synnemata producing long septate clavate conidia, Perithecia with neck, and allantoid ascospores. Ophiostoma microcarpum has smaller Perithecia with hyphoid ostiolar hyphae on the neck, and the ascospores are cylindrical or ossiform in side and face views. Ophiostoma abieticola has Perithecia without ostiolar hyphae on the neck and produces orange-section-shaped or reniform ascospores.