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Donna S. Bender - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Level of Personality Functioning as a predictor of psychosocial Functioning-Concurrent validity of criterion A.
Personality Disorders: Theory Research and Treatment, 2020Co-Authors: Tore Buer Christensen, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Ingeborg Eikenaes, Benjamin Hummelen, Geir Pedersen, Tor Erik Nysæter, Sara Germans SelvikAbstract:The alternative model for Personality disorders (AMPD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), defines Personality Functioning by assessment of impairment in Identity and Self-direction (Self component) and in Empathy and Intimacy (Interpersonal). These four domains constitute the Level of Personality Functioning Scale, a trans-diagnostic measure of PD severity. The association between the Level of Personality Functioning Scale and psychosocial impairment based on other previously established psychosocial Functioning instruments has not been reported. A total of 317 individuals, including a representative clinical sample of 282 patients (192 with a Personality disorder [PD] diagnosis), was evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 AMPD Module I. Self-reported impairment was measured by the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), and social and occupational impairment was assessed by the Functioning score of the Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF-F). WSAS and GAF-F both correlated significantly with mean LPFS scores and the sum of DSM-IV PD criteria. For both measures, the mean LPFS was a stronger predictor for psychosocial impairment than the sum of DSM-IV PD criteria. Within the LPFS, the Self component was a better predictor than the Interpersonal component for both WSAS and GAF-F. For the four domains, the results diverged, with Identity as the strongest predictor by far for WSAS. Empathy was the only significant predictor for impairment evaluated by GAF-F, but its contribution to variance was not substantial. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Introduction to the Special Series on the Personality Functioning Component of the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2018Co-Authors: Donna S. Bender, Johannes Zimmermann, Steven K. HuprichAbstract:The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD; American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ) was created to remedy the previously well-explicated limitations of the categorical DSM-IV Personality disorders. The AMPD combines dimensional assessments of Personality Functioning (Criterion A) and traits (Criterion B), which can be used independently or together, and serve as the basis for defining six categorical disorder options. The Criterion A Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) defines a continuum characterized by the four elements of identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy. Empirical work related to the LPFS has been growing, and this Journal of Personality Assessment special series features reports from a variety of research groups around the world. These studies provide contributions for better understanding the reliability, validity, and utility of the LPFS, as well as describing new measures that have been created to investigate Personality Functioning.
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Comparison of the Structured DSM-5 Clinical Interview for the Level of Personality Functioning Scale With the Structured Interview of Personality Organization.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2018Co-Authors: Leonie Kampe, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Donna S. Bender, Johannes Zimmermann, Cord Benecke, Eve Caligor, Anna-lena Borowski, Susanne Hörz-sagstetterAbstract:In Section III of DSM–5, the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS), a component of the DSM–5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD), offers a dimensional approach to the assessm...
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Interrater Reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorders Module i: Level of Personality Functioning Scale.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2018Co-Authors: Tore Buer Christensen, Ingeborg Eikenaes, Tor Erik Nysæter, Sara Germans Selvik, Muirne C. S. Paap, Marianne Arnesen, Karoline H. Koritzinsky, Kristoffer Lygren Walther, Svenn Torgersen, Donna S. BenderAbstract:The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) presents an alternative model for Personality disorders in which severity of Personality pathology is evaluated by the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS). The Structured Interview for the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders, Module I (SCID-5-AMPD I) is a new tool for LPFS assessment, but its interrater reliability (IRR) has not yet been tested. Here we examined the reliability of the Norwegian translation of the SCID-5-AMPD I, applying two different designs: IRR assessment based on ratings of 17 video-recorded SCID-5-AMPD I interviews by five raters; and test-retest IRR based on interviews of 33 patients administered by two different raters within a short interval. For the video-based investigation, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values ranged from .77 to .94 for subdomains, .89 to .95 for domains, and .96 for total LPFS. For the test-retest investigation, ICC ranged from .24 to .72 for subdomains, .59 to .90 for domains, and .75 for total LPFS. The test-retest study revealed questionable reliability estimates for some subdomains. However, overall the level of Personality Functioning was measured with a sufficient degree of IRR when assessed by the SCID-5-AMPD I.
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assessing dsm 5 level of Personality Functioning from videotaped clinical interviews a pilot study with untrained and clinically inexperienced students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
Johannes Zimmermann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Introduction to the Special Series on the Personality Functioning Component of the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2018Co-Authors: Donna S. Bender, Johannes Zimmermann, Steven K. HuprichAbstract:The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD; American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ) was created to remedy the previously well-explicated limitations of the categorical DSM-IV Personality disorders. The AMPD combines dimensional assessments of Personality Functioning (Criterion A) and traits (Criterion B), which can be used independently or together, and serve as the basis for defining six categorical disorder options. The Criterion A Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) defines a continuum characterized by the four elements of identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy. Empirical work related to the LPFS has been growing, and this Journal of Personality Assessment special series features reports from a variety of research groups around the world. These studies provide contributions for better understanding the reliability, validity, and utility of the LPFS, as well as describing new measures that have been created to investigate Personality Functioning.
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Comparison of the Structured DSM-5 Clinical Interview for the Level of Personality Functioning Scale With the Structured Interview of Personality Organization.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2018Co-Authors: Leonie Kampe, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Donna S. Bender, Johannes Zimmermann, Cord Benecke, Eve Caligor, Anna-lena Borowski, Susanne Hörz-sagstetterAbstract:In Section III of DSM–5, the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS), a component of the DSM–5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD), offers a dimensional approach to the assessm...
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Written on the Face: Self- and Expert-Rated Impairments in Personality Functioning Are Differently Related to the Expression of Disgust Toward an Interviewer.
Journal of Personality Disorders, 2016Co-Authors: Claudia Gebhardt, Johannes Zimmermann, Astrid Bock, Doris Peham, Kristin Mitte, Cord BeneckeAbstract:Although current theories suggest that impairments in Personality Functioning are at the core of Personality pathology, there is a lack of research on how these impairments play out behaviorally. The aim of the present study was to investigate disgust expressions as indicators of Personality dysfunction. Facial expressions were investigated in a sample of 78 female participants during an in-depth clinical interview and coded with the Facial Action Coding System. Personality dysfunction was assessed with self- and expert ratings. By applying a joint regression analysis, the authors found that disgust expressions toward the interviewer were positively associated with expert ratings but negatively associated with self-ratings. In other words, disgust expressions were indicative of an underestimation of Personality dysfunction by participants as compared with experts. This suggests that interactional expressions of disgust might be a behavioral marker of Personality dysfunction when individuals are unaware of or deny impairments.
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The latent structure of Personality Functioning: Investigating criterion a from the alternative model for Personality disorders in DSM-5.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Jan R. Böhnke, Rhea Eschstruth, Alessa Mathews, Kristin Wenzel, Daniel LeisingAbstract:The alternative model for the classification of Personality disorders (PD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) Section III comprises 2 major components: impairments in Personality Functioning (Criterion A) and maladaptive Personality traits (Criterion B). In this study, we investigated the latent structure of Criterion A (a) within subdomains, (b) across subdomains, and (c) in conjunction with the Criterion B trait facets. Data were gathered as part of an online study that collected other-ratings by 515 laypersons and 145 therapists. Laypersons were asked to assess 1 of their personal acquaintances, whereas therapists were asked to assess 1 of their patients, using 135 items that captured features of Criteria A and B. We were able to show that (a) the structure within the Criterion A subdomains can be appropriately modeled using generalized graded unfolding models, with results suggesting that the items are indeed related to common underlying constructs but often deviate from their theoretically expected severity level; (b) the structure across subdomains is broadly in line with a model comprising 2 strongly correlated factors of self- and interpersonal Functioning, with some notable deviations from the theoretical model; and (c) the joint structure of the Criterion A subdomains and the Criterion B facets broadly resembles the expected model of 2 plus 5 factors, albeit the loading pattern suggests that the distinction between Criteria A and B is somewhat blurry. Our findings provide support for several major assumptions of the alternative DSM-5 model for PD but also highlight aspects of the model that need to be further refined.
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assessing dsm 5 level of Personality Functioning from videotaped clinical interviews a pilot study with untrained and clinically inexperienced students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
Daniel Leising - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The latent structure of Personality Functioning: Investigating criterion a from the alternative model for Personality disorders in DSM-5.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Jan R. Böhnke, Rhea Eschstruth, Alessa Mathews, Kristin Wenzel, Daniel LeisingAbstract:The alternative model for the classification of Personality disorders (PD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) Section III comprises 2 major components: impairments in Personality Functioning (Criterion A) and maladaptive Personality traits (Criterion B). In this study, we investigated the latent structure of Criterion A (a) within subdomains, (b) across subdomains, and (c) in conjunction with the Criterion B trait facets. Data were gathered as part of an online study that collected other-ratings by 515 laypersons and 145 therapists. Laypersons were asked to assess 1 of their personal acquaintances, whereas therapists were asked to assess 1 of their patients, using 135 items that captured features of Criteria A and B. We were able to show that (a) the structure within the Criterion A subdomains can be appropriately modeled using generalized graded unfolding models, with results suggesting that the items are indeed related to common underlying constructs but often deviate from their theoretically expected severity level; (b) the structure across subdomains is broadly in line with a model comprising 2 strongly correlated factors of self- and interpersonal Functioning, with some notable deviations from the theoretical model; and (c) the joint structure of the Criterion A subdomains and the Criterion B facets broadly resembles the expected model of 2 plus 5 factors, albeit the loading pattern suggests that the distinction between Criteria A and B is somewhat blurry. Our findings provide support for several major assumptions of the alternative DSM-5 model for PD but also highlight aspects of the model that need to be further refined.
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assessing dsm 5 level of Personality Functioning from videotaped clinical interviews a pilot study with untrained and clinically inexperienced students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
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Assessing DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning From Videotaped Clinical Interviews: A Pilot Study With Untrained and Clinically Inexperienced Students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2013Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
Cord Benecke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of the Structured DSM-5 Clinical Interview for the Level of Personality Functioning Scale With the Structured Interview of Personality Organization.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2018Co-Authors: Leonie Kampe, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Donna S. Bender, Johannes Zimmermann, Cord Benecke, Eve Caligor, Anna-lena Borowski, Susanne Hörz-sagstetterAbstract:In Section III of DSM–5, the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS), a component of the DSM–5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD), offers a dimensional approach to the assessm...
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Written on the Face: Self- and Expert-Rated Impairments in Personality Functioning Are Differently Related to the Expression of Disgust Toward an Interviewer.
Journal of Personality Disorders, 2016Co-Authors: Claudia Gebhardt, Johannes Zimmermann, Astrid Bock, Doris Peham, Kristin Mitte, Cord BeneckeAbstract:Although current theories suggest that impairments in Personality Functioning are at the core of Personality pathology, there is a lack of research on how these impairments play out behaviorally. The aim of the present study was to investigate disgust expressions as indicators of Personality dysfunction. Facial expressions were investigated in a sample of 78 female participants during an in-depth clinical interview and coded with the Facial Action Coding System. Personality dysfunction was assessed with self- and expert ratings. By applying a joint regression analysis, the authors found that disgust expressions toward the interviewer were positively associated with expert ratings but negatively associated with self-ratings. In other words, disgust expressions were indicative of an underestimation of Personality dysfunction by participants as compared with experts. This suggests that interactional expressions of disgust might be a behavioral marker of Personality dysfunction when individuals are unaware of or deny impairments.
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assessing dsm 5 level of Personality Functioning from videotaped clinical interviews a pilot study with untrained and clinically inexperienced students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
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Assessing DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning From Videotaped Clinical Interviews: A Pilot Study With Untrained and Clinically Inexperienced Students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2013Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
Andrew E Skodol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Level of Personality Functioning as a predictor of psychosocial Functioning-Concurrent validity of criterion A.
Personality Disorders: Theory Research and Treatment, 2020Co-Authors: Tore Buer Christensen, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Ingeborg Eikenaes, Benjamin Hummelen, Geir Pedersen, Tor Erik Nysæter, Sara Germans SelvikAbstract:The alternative model for Personality disorders (AMPD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), defines Personality Functioning by assessment of impairment in Identity and Self-direction (Self component) and in Empathy and Intimacy (Interpersonal). These four domains constitute the Level of Personality Functioning Scale, a trans-diagnostic measure of PD severity. The association between the Level of Personality Functioning Scale and psychosocial impairment based on other previously established psychosocial Functioning instruments has not been reported. A total of 317 individuals, including a representative clinical sample of 282 patients (192 with a Personality disorder [PD] diagnosis), was evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 AMPD Module I. Self-reported impairment was measured by the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), and social and occupational impairment was assessed by the Functioning score of the Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF-F). WSAS and GAF-F both correlated significantly with mean LPFS scores and the sum of DSM-IV PD criteria. For both measures, the mean LPFS was a stronger predictor for psychosocial impairment than the sum of DSM-IV PD criteria. Within the LPFS, the Self component was a better predictor than the Interpersonal component for both WSAS and GAF-F. For the four domains, the results diverged, with Identity as the strongest predictor by far for WSAS. Empathy was the only significant predictor for impairment evaluated by GAF-F, but its contribution to variance was not substantial. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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assessing dsm 5 level of Personality Functioning from videotaped clinical interviews a pilot study with untrained and clinically inexperienced students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
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Assessing DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning From Videotaped Clinical Interviews: A Pilot Study With Untrained and Clinically Inexperienced Students
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2013Co-Authors: Johannes Zimmermann, Henning Schauenburg, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E Skodol, Cord Benecke, Manfred Cierpka, Daniel LeisingAbstract:Several authors have raised the concern that the DSM–5 Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) is relatively complex and theory laden, and thus might put high requirements on raters. We addressed this concern by having 22 untrained and clinically inexperienced students assess the Personality Functioning of 10 female psychotherapy inpatients from videotaped clinical interviews, using a multi-item version of the LPFS. Individual raters’ LPFS total scores showed acceptable interrater reliability, and were significantly associated with 2 distinct expert-rated measures of the severity of Personality pathology. These findings suggest that, contrary to the previously mentioned concerns, successfully applying the LPFS to clinical cases might require neither extensive clinical experience nor training.
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toward a model for assessing level of Personality Functioning in dsm 5 part i a review of theory and methods
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2011Co-Authors: Donna S. Bender, Leslie C. Morey, Andrew E SkodolAbstract:Personality disorders are associated with fundamental disturbances of self and interpersonal relations, problems that vary in severity within and across disorders. This review surveyed clinician-rated measures of Personality psychopathology that focus on self-other dimensions to explore the feasibility and utility of constructing a scale of severity of impairment in Personality Functioning for DSM-5. Robust elements of the instruments were considered in creating a continuum of Personality Functioning based on aspects of identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy. Building on preliminary findings (Morey et al., 2011 /this issue), the proposed Levels of Personality Functioning will be subjected to extensive empirical testing in the DSM-5 field trials and elsewhere. The resulting version of this severity measure is expected to have clinical utility in identifying Personality psychopathology, planning treatment, building the therapeutic alliance, and studying treatment course and outcome.
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toward a model for assessing level of Personality Functioning in dsm 5 part ii empirical articulation of a core dimension of Personality pathology
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2011Co-Authors: Leslie C. Morey, Donna S. Bender, Han Berghuis, Roel Verheul, Robert F Krueger, Andrew E SkodolAbstract:The extensive comorbidity among Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed. [DSM–IV]; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) Personality disorders might be compelling evidence of essential commonalities among these disorders reflective of a general level of Personality Functioning that in itself is highly relevant to clinical decision making. This study sought to identify key markers of such a level, thought to reflect a core dimension of Personality pathology involving impairments in the capacities of self and interpersonal Functioning, and to empirically articulate a continuum of severity of these problems for DSM–5. Using measures of hypothesized core dimensions of Personality pathology, a description of a continuum of severity of Personality pathology was developed. Potential markers at various levels of severity of Personality pathology were identified using item response theory (IRT) in 2 samples of psychiatric patients. IRT-based estimates of participants’ standings on a latent ...