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A. C. Cook - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • petroleum source rock assessment in non marine sequences pyrolysis and Petrographic Analysis of australian coals and carbonaceous shales
    Organic Geochemistry, 1991
    Co-Authors: T. G. Powell, Nigel J Russell, M Smyth, Christopher J. Boreham, A. C. Cook
    Abstract:

    Abstract A series of Australian coals and terrestrial sediments ranging in age from Permian through tertiary have been analyzed to assess their petroleum source character and the suitability of various techniques for assessment of source rock potential in non-marine sequences. The procedures used include organic petrography, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, elemental Analysis and quantitative pyrolysis-gas chromatography. The latter procedure was used to assess the potential yield of paraffins which is critical to the assessment of most non-marine source rocks. Principal components Analysis was used to assist in the Analysis of the data. Although the petroleum potential of the samples follows the broad trends in Petrographic composition established for Australian coals, i.e. relative proportions of vitrinite, inertinite and liptinite, there is much variation which cannot be explained Petrographically at the maceral group level. Further, pyrolytic hydrocarbon yield is not related to overall elemental composition below an atomic H/C ratio of 1.0. The yield of phenols in flash pyrolysis is related to depositional setting as well as degree of maturation. The yield and carbon number distribution of normal hydrocarbons in flash pyrolysis varied widely depending on the age, nature and amount of liptinite macerals particularly in samples with Hydrogen Indices below 300. Liptinite-poor (

  • petroleum source rock assessment in non marine sequences pyrolysis and Petrographic Analysis of australian coals and carbonaceous shales
    Organic Geochemistry, 1991
    Co-Authors: T. G. Powell, Nigel J Russell, M Smyth, C J Oreham, A. C. Cook
    Abstract:

    A series of Australian coals and terrestrial sediments ranging in age from Permian through tertiary have been analyzed to assess their petroleum source character and the suitability of various techniques for assessment of source rock potential in non-marine sequences. The procedures used include organic petrography, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, elemental Analysis and quantitative pyrolysis-gas chromatography. The latter procedure was used to assess the potential yield of paraffins which is critical to the assessment of most non-marine source rocks. Principal components Analysis was used to assist in the Analysis of the data. Although the petroleum potential of the samples follows the broad trends in Petrographic composition established for Australian coals, i.e. relative proportions of vitrinite, inertinite and liptinite, there is much variation which cannot be explained Petrographically at the maceral group level. Further, pyrolytic hydrocarbon yield is not related to overall elemental composition below an atomic H/C ratio of 1.0. The yield of phenols in flash pyrolysis is related to depositional setting as well as degree of maturation. The yield and carbon number distribution of normal hydrocarbons in flash pyrolysis varied widely depending on the age, nature and amount of liptinite macerals particularly in samples with Hydrogen Indices below 300. Liptinite-poor (< 10%) samples may yield significant amounts of hydrocarbons, but typically they have a low wax content. Sporinite-rich and liptodetrinite-rich samples give lower yields of normal hydrocarbons. These are predominantly of lower molecular weight. Suberinite and to a lesser extent cutinite are associated with high yields of waxy normal hydrocarbons, but some samples with high yields did not contain large amounts of these maceral. The correlation of Tmax to vitrinite reflectance varies with Petrographic composition. The results have implications for the way source rock analyses are conducted and interpreted in non-marine sequences.

Sco M Fitzpatrick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • new archaeological insights from Petrographic Analysis of ceramics from the bocas del toro archipelago panama
    Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2018
    Co-Authors: Kathlee M Marsaglia, Joh Lawrence, Sco M Fitzpatrick, Thomas A Wake
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, we conducted the first Petrographic Analysis of pottery from several Pre-Columbian archaeological sites located in Bocas del Toro province along the Caribbean coast of Panama. The fifty-four sherds examined in this study included surface finds collected from the sites of Red Frog (RF) and Punta Vieja Arriba (PVA) on Bastimentos Island, the Cerro Brujo (CB) site on the mainland, and excavated samples from Sitio Drago (SD), Isla Colon. Petrographic examination of sherd thin sections shows that different sandy materials (seven constituent natural and/or manually-added temper groups) were used in their production. Representative sherd compositions from each group were determined by Petrographic point-counts (n = 200) using two matrix (silt and clay) and 14 mineral and rock fragment categories for sand grains. The sand in RF sherds is mainly fragments of mudstone, whereas sherds from the PVA and CB sites contain different proportions of sand-sized quartz, feldspar, dense minerals, and several varieties of volcanic lithic fragments. The latter components are constituents derived from local Panamanian geologic units, including one with pyroclastic temper that likely comes from a volcanically active region, such as the El Baru Volcano. Some of the archaeological sites (SD and PVA) have a greater variety of sherd compositional/temper groups than others, implying that people inhabiting these sites were actively engaged in acquiring materials and/or ceramics from multiple sources regionally.

  • Petrographic Analysis of pre columbian pottery from four islands in the lesser antilles and implications for inter island transport and interactions
    Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2016
    Co-Authors: Joh Lawrence, Kathlee M Marsaglia, Sco M Fitzpatrick
    Abstract:

    Abstract Prehistoric Amerindian groups in the Lesser Antilles Island chain of the Caribbean used local materials for temper in the manufacturing of pottery and in some cases likely transported that pottery to other islands. To help better define possible cases of exchange, spheres of interaction, and population movements, we Petrographically characterized temper in 93 thin sections of ceramic sherds from Pre-Columbian sites on the islands of Barbados (23), Mustique (32), and Union (13), as well as nine thin sections of local beach sand from Mustique that may have been used for tempering ceramics. An additional 25 thin sections of sherds from older (ca. 400–900 CE) occupation layers at the Grand Bay site were analyzed to complement the prior work. Based on Petrographic description, the sherds were categorized into temper categories, many previously defined, but some newly delineated in this study. For more precise comparison, representative samples from each temper type were point-counted using the Gazzi-Dickinson method and their detrital modes plotted on various ternary diagrams. The Carriacou sherds include four temper types, three previously defined (Placer, Igneous Volcaniclastic, Igneous Feldspathic) and a new Mixed temper type. The Union sherds have only Mixed and Igneous Volcaniclastic tempers. The Mustique sherds include three new temper types: Altered-Feldspathic, Altered-Silica and Altered-Epidote. The Barbados sherds are mostly Quartzose with two additional temper varieties defined by the presence of soil (Quartzose-Soil) and carbonate (Quartzose-Carbonate) debris. The Mustique and Barbados temper compositions directly reflect island geology, implying that the temper and pottery were produced locally with no evidence for imported ceramics. In contrast, pottery from Union exhibits compositions that overlap with those of Carriacou, suggesting that Union may have been the source for some of the pottery on Carriacou, an island where pottery is thought to have been largely imported. This research is the first Petrographic Analysis of prehistoric pottery from Union and Mustique, and one of the most comprehensive mineralogical studies of Pre-Columbian ceramics in the Caribbean region.

  • evidence for inter island transport of heirlooms luminescence dating and Petrographic Analysis of ceramic inhaling bowls from carriacou west indies
    Journal of Archaeological Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sco M Fitzpatrick, Quetta Kaye, James K Feathers, Jennife A Pavia, Kathlee M Marsaglia
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ceramic snuffing tubes and inhaling bowls used for ingesting hallucinogenic substances are known from several islands in the West Indies, but their chronological distribution is often vague. A partial inhaling bowl found at the site of Grand Bay on Carriacou in deposits dating between ca. A.D. 1000–1200, along with two other unprovenienced specimens from the local museum, were dated using luminescence (TL and OSL) to determine their antiquity. Surprisingly, the dates had a weighted average of 400 ± 189 B.C., making them several hundred years older than all 14 C assays from the island; however, they do overlap in age with similar artifacts found on Puerto Rico and Vieques Island over 750 km away. Additional luminescence dating of two stylistically distinct Suazan ceramic sherds excavated from stratified deposits at Grand Bay fall within the expected ceramic and radiocarbon chronology. These data, coupled with Petrographic Analysis of the specimens, suggests that they were not made using local materials. Instead, they appear to have been transported to the island, possibly hundreds of years later, as heirlooms. This may be the first evidence for inter-island transport of drug paraphernalia in the Caribbean.

T. G. Powell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • petroleum source rock assessment in non marine sequences pyrolysis and Petrographic Analysis of australian coals and carbonaceous shales
    Organic Geochemistry, 1991
    Co-Authors: T. G. Powell, Nigel J Russell, M Smyth, Christopher J. Boreham, A. C. Cook
    Abstract:

    Abstract A series of Australian coals and terrestrial sediments ranging in age from Permian through tertiary have been analyzed to assess their petroleum source character and the suitability of various techniques for assessment of source rock potential in non-marine sequences. The procedures used include organic petrography, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, elemental Analysis and quantitative pyrolysis-gas chromatography. The latter procedure was used to assess the potential yield of paraffins which is critical to the assessment of most non-marine source rocks. Principal components Analysis was used to assist in the Analysis of the data. Although the petroleum potential of the samples follows the broad trends in Petrographic composition established for Australian coals, i.e. relative proportions of vitrinite, inertinite and liptinite, there is much variation which cannot be explained Petrographically at the maceral group level. Further, pyrolytic hydrocarbon yield is not related to overall elemental composition below an atomic H/C ratio of 1.0. The yield of phenols in flash pyrolysis is related to depositional setting as well as degree of maturation. The yield and carbon number distribution of normal hydrocarbons in flash pyrolysis varied widely depending on the age, nature and amount of liptinite macerals particularly in samples with Hydrogen Indices below 300. Liptinite-poor (

  • petroleum source rock assessment in non marine sequences pyrolysis and Petrographic Analysis of australian coals and carbonaceous shales
    Organic Geochemistry, 1991
    Co-Authors: T. G. Powell, Nigel J Russell, M Smyth, C J Oreham, A. C. Cook
    Abstract:

    A series of Australian coals and terrestrial sediments ranging in age from Permian through tertiary have been analyzed to assess their petroleum source character and the suitability of various techniques for assessment of source rock potential in non-marine sequences. The procedures used include organic petrography, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, elemental Analysis and quantitative pyrolysis-gas chromatography. The latter procedure was used to assess the potential yield of paraffins which is critical to the assessment of most non-marine source rocks. Principal components Analysis was used to assist in the Analysis of the data. Although the petroleum potential of the samples follows the broad trends in Petrographic composition established for Australian coals, i.e. relative proportions of vitrinite, inertinite and liptinite, there is much variation which cannot be explained Petrographically at the maceral group level. Further, pyrolytic hydrocarbon yield is not related to overall elemental composition below an atomic H/C ratio of 1.0. The yield of phenols in flash pyrolysis is related to depositional setting as well as degree of maturation. The yield and carbon number distribution of normal hydrocarbons in flash pyrolysis varied widely depending on the age, nature and amount of liptinite macerals particularly in samples with Hydrogen Indices below 300. Liptinite-poor (< 10%) samples may yield significant amounts of hydrocarbons, but typically they have a low wax content. Sporinite-rich and liptodetrinite-rich samples give lower yields of normal hydrocarbons. These are predominantly of lower molecular weight. Suberinite and to a lesser extent cutinite are associated with high yields of waxy normal hydrocarbons, but some samples with high yields did not contain large amounts of these maceral. The correlation of Tmax to vitrinite reflectance varies with Petrographic composition. The results have implications for the way source rock analyses are conducted and interpreted in non-marine sequences.

Kathlee M Marsaglia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • new archaeological insights from Petrographic Analysis of ceramics from the bocas del toro archipelago panama
    Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2018
    Co-Authors: Kathlee M Marsaglia, Joh Lawrence, Sco M Fitzpatrick, Thomas A Wake
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, we conducted the first Petrographic Analysis of pottery from several Pre-Columbian archaeological sites located in Bocas del Toro province along the Caribbean coast of Panama. The fifty-four sherds examined in this study included surface finds collected from the sites of Red Frog (RF) and Punta Vieja Arriba (PVA) on Bastimentos Island, the Cerro Brujo (CB) site on the mainland, and excavated samples from Sitio Drago (SD), Isla Colon. Petrographic examination of sherd thin sections shows that different sandy materials (seven constituent natural and/or manually-added temper groups) were used in their production. Representative sherd compositions from each group were determined by Petrographic point-counts (n = 200) using two matrix (silt and clay) and 14 mineral and rock fragment categories for sand grains. The sand in RF sherds is mainly fragments of mudstone, whereas sherds from the PVA and CB sites contain different proportions of sand-sized quartz, feldspar, dense minerals, and several varieties of volcanic lithic fragments. The latter components are constituents derived from local Panamanian geologic units, including one with pyroclastic temper that likely comes from a volcanically active region, such as the El Baru Volcano. Some of the archaeological sites (SD and PVA) have a greater variety of sherd compositional/temper groups than others, implying that people inhabiting these sites were actively engaged in acquiring materials and/or ceramics from multiple sources regionally.

  • Petrographic Analysis of pre columbian pottery from four islands in the lesser antilles and implications for inter island transport and interactions
    Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2016
    Co-Authors: Joh Lawrence, Kathlee M Marsaglia, Sco M Fitzpatrick
    Abstract:

    Abstract Prehistoric Amerindian groups in the Lesser Antilles Island chain of the Caribbean used local materials for temper in the manufacturing of pottery and in some cases likely transported that pottery to other islands. To help better define possible cases of exchange, spheres of interaction, and population movements, we Petrographically characterized temper in 93 thin sections of ceramic sherds from Pre-Columbian sites on the islands of Barbados (23), Mustique (32), and Union (13), as well as nine thin sections of local beach sand from Mustique that may have been used for tempering ceramics. An additional 25 thin sections of sherds from older (ca. 400–900 CE) occupation layers at the Grand Bay site were analyzed to complement the prior work. Based on Petrographic description, the sherds were categorized into temper categories, many previously defined, but some newly delineated in this study. For more precise comparison, representative samples from each temper type were point-counted using the Gazzi-Dickinson method and their detrital modes plotted on various ternary diagrams. The Carriacou sherds include four temper types, three previously defined (Placer, Igneous Volcaniclastic, Igneous Feldspathic) and a new Mixed temper type. The Union sherds have only Mixed and Igneous Volcaniclastic tempers. The Mustique sherds include three new temper types: Altered-Feldspathic, Altered-Silica and Altered-Epidote. The Barbados sherds are mostly Quartzose with two additional temper varieties defined by the presence of soil (Quartzose-Soil) and carbonate (Quartzose-Carbonate) debris. The Mustique and Barbados temper compositions directly reflect island geology, implying that the temper and pottery were produced locally with no evidence for imported ceramics. In contrast, pottery from Union exhibits compositions that overlap with those of Carriacou, suggesting that Union may have been the source for some of the pottery on Carriacou, an island where pottery is thought to have been largely imported. This research is the first Petrographic Analysis of prehistoric pottery from Union and Mustique, and one of the most comprehensive mineralogical studies of Pre-Columbian ceramics in the Caribbean region.

  • evidence for inter island transport of heirlooms luminescence dating and Petrographic Analysis of ceramic inhaling bowls from carriacou west indies
    Journal of Archaeological Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sco M Fitzpatrick, Quetta Kaye, James K Feathers, Jennife A Pavia, Kathlee M Marsaglia
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ceramic snuffing tubes and inhaling bowls used for ingesting hallucinogenic substances are known from several islands in the West Indies, but their chronological distribution is often vague. A partial inhaling bowl found at the site of Grand Bay on Carriacou in deposits dating between ca. A.D. 1000–1200, along with two other unprovenienced specimens from the local museum, were dated using luminescence (TL and OSL) to determine their antiquity. Surprisingly, the dates had a weighted average of 400 ± 189 B.C., making them several hundred years older than all 14 C assays from the island; however, they do overlap in age with similar artifacts found on Puerto Rico and Vieques Island over 750 km away. Additional luminescence dating of two stylistically distinct Suazan ceramic sherds excavated from stratified deposits at Grand Bay fall within the expected ceramic and radiocarbon chronology. These data, coupled with Petrographic Analysis of the specimens, suggests that they were not made using local materials. Instead, they appear to have been transported to the island, possibly hundreds of years later, as heirlooms. This may be the first evidence for inter-island transport of drug paraphernalia in the Caribbean.

Azizolah Taheri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • microfacies and sedimentary environment of the oligocene sequence asmari formation in fars sub basin zagros mountains southwest iran
    Facies, 2011
    Co-Authors: Reza Sadeghi, Hossein Vazirimoghaddam, Azizolah Taheri
    Abstract:

    The Asmari Formation is a thick carbonate succession of the Oligo-Miocene in Zagros Mountains (southwest Iran). In order to interpret the facies and depositional environment of the Asmari Formation, three measured sections were studied in Fars area for microfacies analyses. There, 12 microfacies types are distinguished based on their depositional textures, Petrographic Analysis, and fauna. Thus, three major depositional environments were identified in the Asmari Formation including open-marine, reef/shoal, and lagoon. These depositional environments correspond to inner, middle, and outer ramp.

  • microfacies and depositional environment of the cenomanian of the bangestan anticline sw iran
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Ali Ghabeishavi, Hossein Vazirimoghaddam, Azizolah Taheri, Farid Taati
    Abstract:

    Abstract The Sarvak Formation (Albian to Turonian in age) of the Zagros basin is a thick sequence of shallow-water carbonates. This work focuses on the microfacies and sedimentary environment of the margin of the Cenomanian intrashelf basin. In the study area (southwest of Iran), the Sarvak Formation is subdivided into 12 microfacies that are distinguished by Petrographic Analysis on the basis of their depositional textures and fauna. In addition, four major depositional environments were identified in the Sarvak Formation. These include shelf lagoon, platform margin, slope and basin environmental settings, which are interpreted as a carbonate shelf without an effective barrier separating the platform from the open ocean.

  • depositional environment and sequence stratigraphy of the oligo miocene asmari formation in sw iran
    Facies, 2006
    Co-Authors: Hossein Vazirimoghaddam, Masoud Kimiagari, Azizolah Taheri
    Abstract:

    The Asmari Formation, a thick carbonate succession of the Oligo-Miocene in Zagros Mountains (southwest Iran), has been studied to determine its microfacies, paleoenvironments and sedimentary sequences. Detailed Petrographic Analysis of the deposits led to the recognition of 10 microfacies types. In addition, five major depositional environments were identified in the Asmari Formation. These include tidal flat, shelf lagoon, shoal, slope and basin environmental settings and are interpreted as a carbonate platform developed in an open shelf situation but without effective barriers separating the platform from the open ocean. The Asmari carbonate succession consists of four, thick shallowing-upward sequences (third-order cycles). No major hiatuses were recognized between these cycles. Therefore, the contacts are interpreted as SB2 sequence boundary types. The Pabdeh Formation, the deeper marine facies equivalent of the Asmari Limestone is interpreted to be deposited in an outer slope-basin environment. The microfacies of the Pabdeh Formation shows similarities to the Asmari Formation.