The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael Drummond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pharmacoeconomics friend or foe
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2006Co-Authors: Michael DrummondAbstract:The financial constraints faced by most health systems today make it necessary for manufacturers of new, expensive drugs to demonstrate value for money. This paper describes the different types of economic evaluation; the increasing use of these analysis in decision making; their application to new drugs in the field of in rheumatoid arthritis; and the pros and cons of Pharmacoeconomics studies from the perspective of the patients, the physicians, and the general population.
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education in Pharmacoeconomics an international multidisciplinary view
PharmacoEconomics, 2004Co-Authors: Karen L Rascati, Michael Drummond, Lieven Annemans, Peter DaveyAbstract:There is a global need for more training in Pharmacoeconomics. Pharmacoeconomics is a relatively new discipline that draws from other more established disciplines; hence, multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended. Descriptions of opportunities for Pharmacoeconomics education can be found in the literature and on websites, but research on the trends in Pharmacoeconomics education is largely limited to training in US pharmacy schools. Although basic Pharmacoeconomics concepts and methods can be standardised for different countries and cultures, specific applications and examples will differ by region. There are also different levels of educational need (awareness, application, conceptualisation) and different methods of receiving Pharmacoeconomics education (short courses, internships, fellowships, graduate degrees). In order to assess educational goals, some educational programmes have moved toward the concept of developing and measuring 'learning outcomes', defined as the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to fulfil the societal roles expected of the learner. This method can improve the standardisation of the educational process; however, there is still much work to be done in order to achieve real consensus on 'learning outcomes' in Pharmacoeconomics.
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use of Pharmacoeconomics information report of the ispor task force on use of pharmacoeconomic health economic information in health care decision making
Value in Health, 2003Co-Authors: Michael Drummond, Ruth E Brown, Mark A Fendrick, Pete Fullerton, Peter J Neumann, Rod S Taylor, Marco BarbieriAbstract:Abstract Objectives Despite the growing number of pharmacoeconomic (PE)/health economic (HE) studies, very little is known about their use by decision makers. The objectives of the Task Force were to ensure that the good research practices of PE/HE studies pay attention to the needs of health-care decision makers and to develop a "toolbox" for the health-care decision maker wanting to interpret and use PE/HE studies. Methods The membership of the Task Force consisted of individuals involved in making decisions about the availability or use of medicines and researchers into the use of economic evaluations. The group communicated by E-mail and face-to-face meetings. A literature review of decision makers' attitudes toward PE/HE studies and published economic evaluation guidelines was undertaken. In addition, a focus group discussion was held with opinion leaders in managed care pharmacy. Results The literature review identified 16 surveys of decision makers' attitudes toward PE/HE studies and 15 published guidelines that outlined reporting requirements for economic evaluations. These were reviewed and classified. Based on the published literature and comments from decision makers, seven additional reporting requirements for studies were specified. Conclusions While the Task Force's additional reporting requirements may be helpful to decision makers, they raise a number of issues. These include the feasibility of meeting the additional requirements, whether decision makers should receive more education in economic evaluation, and whether there should be more study of health-care decision-making procedures themselves.
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a reappraisal of economic evaluation of pharmaceuticals science or marketing
PharmacoEconomics, 1998Co-Authors: Michael DrummondAbstract:In pharmacoeconomic research sponsored by companies, there is an obvious tension between the desire to undertake studies to show a marketing advantage and the desire to adhere to good scientific principles. This tension was explored in an early issue of Pharmacoeconomics and is now revisited 5 years on. Bias is still perceived to be a major problem in industry-sponsored studies, both by healthcare decision-makers and journal editors. However, the debate about bias has matured over the years. Also, actual evidence of bias in study methodology is sparse, although biases in study topic selection and in the use, in promotion, of study results have been found. A number of constructive suggestions have been made in the last 5 years for reducing potential bias. These include developing methodological guidelines and standards, improving the peer review process, clarifying contractual relationships between sponsors and analysts, and ensuring appropriate use of studies in promotional activities. However, further initiatives could be undertaken. These include additional guidelines for specific detailed areas of economic evaluation methodology, changes in the structure of funding for pharmacoeconomic research, more education of consumers for pharmacoeconomic data and more research partnerships between industry and its customers.
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the future of Pharmacoeconomics bridging science and practice
Clinical Therapeutics, 1996Co-Authors: Michael DrummondAbstract:Abstract In the context of new challenges, issues facing the science, practice, and future of Pharmacoeconomics will be discussed. Certain methodologic weaknesses have been observed in published pharmacoeconomic studies, and compromises need to be made between developing an “ideal” method and allowing a study to remain practicable. The objective is to reach a balance between clinical trial—based studies and projective models; trials have high internal validity but low external validity, while models can help explore relevance to real-life settings. Cross-national differences also have an important impact on pharmacoeconomic data; however, using some basic standardized guidelines, results from pharmacoeconomic studies may be generalized to other settings. The use of pharmacoeconomic results by decision makers in the United Kingdom has been restrained by unclear priorities within their authority and by the limited availability of credible studies. The future of Pharmacoeconomics lies in developing both trial-based and modeling studies, improving their credibility, and meeting the needs of decision makers.
Karen L Rascati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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barriers to implementing Pharmacoeconomics interview study
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research, 2021Co-Authors: Qais Alefan, Esraa Hamdouni, Hamza Alhamad, Tareq L Mukattash, Karen L RascatiAbstract:Pharmacoeconomics estimates the value of pharmaceutical products and services and provides healthcare decision-makers with valuable information. Pharmacoeconomic evaluations have not been found to ...
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Pharmacoeconomics education in who eastern mediterranean region
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 2015Co-Authors: Qais Alefan, Tareq L Mukattash, Shaymaa Alimam, Nizar M Mhaidat, Ibrahim Alabbadi, Karen L RascatiAbstract:Abstract Objective To determine the extent of Pharmacoeconomics education in Eastern Mediterranean Region schools of pharmacy. Methods A survey containing questions about pharmacoeconomic education was sent to 164 schools of pharmacy in 22 Eastern Mediterranean countries via e-mail. Results Of the 41 (31%) responding schools, 28 (68%) schools of pharmacy from 12 countries provided some level of Pharmacoeconomics education during the 2012 academic year. The number of classroom hours in required courses covering Pharmacoeconomics-related topics ranged from 2 to 60 h [mean (SD) = 27 h (16.8 h)]. Conclusion The majority of responding Eastern Mediterranean Region schools of pharmacy offer Pharmacoeconomics in their curriculum; however, the number of hours and topics dedicated to Pharmacoeconomics varied widely among the schools.
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essentials of Pharmacoeconomics
2013Co-Authors: Karen L RascatiAbstract:Essentials of Pharmacoeconomics , Essentials of Pharmacoeconomics , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
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Pharmacoeconomics education in us colleges and schools of pharmacy
The American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 2013Co-Authors: Tatiana Makhinova, Karen L RascatiAbstract:Objective. To determine the extent of Pharmacoeconomics education in US colleges and schools of pharmacy provided to doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) students in 2011. Methods. E-mails requesting syllabi and information about courses covering pharmacoeconomic topics were sent to all US colleges and schools of pharmacy from which PharmD students had graduated in 2011 (n=103). Results. Of 87 responding pharmacy colleges and schools, 85 provided Pharmacoeconomics education in 2011. The number of hours dedicated to pharmacoeconomic-related topics varied from 2 to 60 per year (mean=20). Conclusions. Pharmacoeconomics education is provided at almost all US colleges and schools of pharmacy; however, variation in the number of teaching hours and topics covered demonstrates a lack of standardization in the PharmD curriculum. Pharmacy administrators and educators should invest more resources and tools to standardize training in this area.
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education in Pharmacoeconomics an international multidisciplinary view
PharmacoEconomics, 2004Co-Authors: Karen L Rascati, Michael Drummond, Lieven Annemans, Peter DaveyAbstract:There is a global need for more training in Pharmacoeconomics. Pharmacoeconomics is a relatively new discipline that draws from other more established disciplines; hence, multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended. Descriptions of opportunities for Pharmacoeconomics education can be found in the literature and on websites, but research on the trends in Pharmacoeconomics education is largely limited to training in US pharmacy schools. Although basic Pharmacoeconomics concepts and methods can be standardised for different countries and cultures, specific applications and examples will differ by region. There are also different levels of educational need (awareness, application, conceptualisation) and different methods of receiving Pharmacoeconomics education (short courses, internships, fellowships, graduate degrees). In order to assess educational goals, some educational programmes have moved toward the concept of developing and measuring 'learning outcomes', defined as the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to fulfil the societal roles expected of the learner. This method can improve the standardisation of the educational process; however, there is still much work to be done in order to achieve real consensus on 'learning outcomes' in Pharmacoeconomics.
Raymond J Townsend - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pharmacoeconomics historical perspective
Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2006Co-Authors: Lyle J Bootman, William F Mcghan, Raymond J TownsendAbstract:2006 marks the 40th year of publication for The Annals. Over that time, The Annals has been an important contributor to the development of clinical pharmacy. Throughout 2006, we are publishing articles reflecting on the history of clinical pharmacy through the eyes of practitioners, including those pioneering clinical pharmacy, as well as those who have more recently entered the profession and a well-established specialty. In addition, we are also presenting articles and editorials from the early history of The Annals that have given direction and shape to the practice of clinical pharmacy (see page 524).
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methodological and conduct principles for pharmacoeconomic research pharmaceutical research and manufacturers of america
PharmacoEconomics, 1995Co-Authors: Kevan Clemens, Raymond J Townsend, Faye A Luscombe, Josephine Mauskopf, Jane T Osterhaus, Joel BobulaAbstract:In January 1995, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) adopted a voluntary set of principles to provide guidance for its member companies on the conduct and evaluation of pharmacoeconomic research. The principles were prepared by a working group of pharmacoeconomic scientists from the PhRMA Task Force on the Economic Evaluation of Pharmaceuticals. The principles were reviewed by a panel of academic experts and outside reviewers at each stage of their development. The PhRMA document consists of a set of broad principles that will foster high quality pharmacoeconomic research without impeding further methodological development of the field. Specific recommendations are offered in those methodological areas for which general agreement exists. However, no attempt was made to force a consensus for those methodological issues which have yet to be resolved. The principles address methodology and reporting of research rather than sponsor-investigator relationships or conflict of interest issues, which have been addressed elsewhere. This approach is based on the belief that the scientific integrity of pharmacoeconomic research is best ensured through the soundness of the research methods used and the full disclosure and transparency of all methods, analyses and results.
Joel Bobula - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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methodological and conduct principles for pharmacoeconomic research pharmaceutical research and manufacturers of america
PharmacoEconomics, 1995Co-Authors: Kevan Clemens, Raymond J Townsend, Faye A Luscombe, Josephine Mauskopf, Jane T Osterhaus, Joel BobulaAbstract:In January 1995, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) adopted a voluntary set of principles to provide guidance for its member companies on the conduct and evaluation of pharmacoeconomic research. The principles were prepared by a working group of pharmacoeconomic scientists from the PhRMA Task Force on the Economic Evaluation of Pharmaceuticals. The principles were reviewed by a panel of academic experts and outside reviewers at each stage of their development. The PhRMA document consists of a set of broad principles that will foster high quality pharmacoeconomic research without impeding further methodological development of the field. Specific recommendations are offered in those methodological areas for which general agreement exists. However, no attempt was made to force a consensus for those methodological issues which have yet to be resolved. The principles address methodology and reporting of research rather than sponsor-investigator relationships or conflict of interest issues, which have been addressed elsewhere. This approach is based on the belief that the scientific integrity of pharmacoeconomic research is best ensured through the soundness of the research methods used and the full disclosure and transparency of all methods, analyses and results.
Maria Woodarmany - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging role of Pharmacoeconomics in the research and development decision making process
PharmacoEconomics, 2001Co-Authors: Joseph A Dimasi, Erol Caglarcan, Maria WoodarmanyAbstract:Objectives: This study examines the organisational structure of Pharmacoeconomics departments in major pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, the impediments to optimal use of pharmacoeconomic evaluations by companies and the integration of pharmacoeconomic analysis with research and development decision making. Data and Methods: The heads of the Pharmacoeconomics departments of 40 companies were surveyed on the structure of Pharmacoeconomics departments in their companies, the roles that pharmacoeconomic analyses are playing in the new drug development decision-making process, and the initiation of pharmacoeconomic studies during the development process for a random sample of their companies' investigational new drugs. Results: 45 department heads from 31 parent companies responded to the survey. The Pharmacoeconomics function in pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies is relatively new and growing rapidly. Most Pharmacoeconomics department heads preferred a different reporting structure than what they currently have and indicated that the strategic role that Pharmacoeconomics can play is not well understood within the organisation. Pharmacoeconomic analyses have been increasingly initiated early in clinical development and have been a factor in clinical trial design and in key decisions made during the development process. Conclusions: Given the continued emphasis on containing healthcare costs worldwide, demand will increase for evidence that drugs provide good value for the money spent on them. Companies will likely respond not only with more economic evaluations for purchasers, but also with greater use of Pharmacoeconomics early in the development process to aid in rationalising key research and development decisions, and in guiding final pricing decisions and reimbursement planning, thereby improving resource allocations.
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emerging role of Pharmacoeconomics in the research and development decision making process
PharmacoEconomics, 2001Co-Authors: Joseph A Dimasi, Erol Caglarcan, Maria WoodarmanyAbstract:Objectives: This study examines the organisational structure of Pharmacoeconomics departments in major pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, the impediments to optimal use of pharmacoeconomic evaluations by companies and the integration of pharmacoeconomic analysis with research and development decision making.