The Experts below are selected from a list of 282 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
K Jensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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late swallowing dysfunction and dysphagia after radiotherapy for Pharynx Cancer frequency intensity and correlation with dose and volume parameters
Radiotherapy and Oncology, 2007Co-Authors: K Jensen, Karin Lambertsen, Cai GrauAbstract:Abstract Background and purpose Dysphagia and swallowing problems are common in Pharynx Cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Dysfunction of the upper aerodigestive tract may lead to reduced quality of life, malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia. The aim of the current study was to describe swallowing function after radiotherapy and examine its correlation with irradiated volume and dose. Patients and methods All recurrence free patients treated for Pharynx Cancer with radical radiotherapy at our institution, between 1998 and 2002, were invited to participate, 35 (55% of eligible) agreed. Patients were examined with EORTC quality of life questionnaires and functional endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Organs at risk were delineated on planning CT scans, available for 25 patients. Results Eighty-three percent of patients had some degree of dysphagia. Reduced sensitivity was observed in 94%, residues in 88%, penetration in 59% and aspiration in 18% of patients. Several significant correlations were found between both subjective and objective swallowing problems and DVH parameters of the upper aerodigestive tract. Doses less than 60Gy to the supraglottic region, the larynx and upper esophageal sphincter resulted in a low risk of aspiration. Discussion Both subjective and objective swallowing problems were frequent and severe after radiotherapy for Pharynx Cancer. Swallowing dysfunction was correlated with dose and volume parameters of the upper aerodigestive tract.
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measuring side effects after radiotherapy for Pharynx Cancer
Acta Oncologica, 2007Co-Authors: K JensenAbstract:Data on side effects after radiotherapy is needed to establish the benefits and drawbacks of new treatments, but side effects are not quantified as easily as survival or local control. Side effects may be quantified using physical measures. Unfortunately, only few endpoints exist where a physical measure is obtainable, and the case of a patient-relevant measure is even rarer. Radiotherapy is often followed by complex symptoms not easily quantifiable by the observer. Quantitative patient reported side effects can be retrieved using validated questionnaires, but this kind of data is often difficult to interpret and the correlation with clinically observable or measurable changes not straightforward. The exploitation of the possibilities of highly conformal radiotherapy and multimodality treatment depends on a better understanding of the correlation between dose, volume, modifying factors, and side effects. Using Pharynx Cancer as an example, the purpose of this article is to summarize the possibilities and limitations of different methods for measurement of radiotherapy-induced side effects.
Simone Benhamou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dna repair gene xrcc2 and xrcc3 polymorphisms and susceptibility to Cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract
International Journal of Cancer, 2004Co-Authors: Jarno Tuimala, Simone Benhamou, Christine Bouchardy, P Dayer, Alain Sarasin, Ari HirvonenAbstract:Cigarette smoke can generate reactive oxygen species, which are capable of inducing double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA. Polymorphisms in XRCC2 and XRCC3 genes, involved in DSBs repair pathways, may alter an individual's susceptibility to smoking-related Cancers. We investigated the effect of XRCC2 Arg188His and XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphisms in Cancer proneness in 121 oral/Pharynx Cancer cases, 129 larynx Cancer cases and 172 nonCancer controls, all Caucasian smokers. The XRCC2 His-allele was associated with a significantly increased risk of pharyngeal Cancer (OR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.3–6.2). No significant associations were observed between the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and overall risk of developing UADT Cancers. However, quite opposite to the expectations, a reduced risk of supraglottic Cancer was found for carriers of the XRCC3 Met variant allele (OR=0.3, 95% CI: 0.2–0.7). These findings provide evidence for the view that polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may modify individual susceptibility to smoking-related Cancers. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Anthony P Polednak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inaccuracies in oral cavity Pharynx Cancer coded as the underlying cause of death on u s death certificates and trends in mortality rates 1999 2010
Oral Oncology, 2014Co-Authors: Anthony P PolednakAbstract:Summary Objective To enhance surveillance of mortality from oral cavity–Pharynx Cancer (OCPC) by considering inaccuracies in the Cancer site coded as the underlying cause of death on death certificates vs. Cancer site in a population-based Cancer registry (as the gold standard). Methods A database was used for 9 population-based Cancer registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program, including deaths in 1999–2010 for patients diagnosed in 1973–2010. Numbers of deaths and death rates for OCPC in the SEER population were modified for apparent inaccuracies in the Cancer site coded as the underlying cause of death. Results For age groups Conclusion Routine mortality statistics based on underlying cause of death underestimate OCPC deaths but demonstrate trends in OCPC death rates that require continued surveillance in view of increasing incidence rates for HPV-related OCPC.
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Trends in incidence rates of tobacco-related Cancer, selected areas, SEER Program, United States, 1992-2004.
Preventing Chronic Disease, 2008Co-Authors: Anthony P PolednakAbstract:INTRODUCTION: Recent trends in incidence rates for tobacco-related Cancers may vary geographically because of variation in socioeconomic status and in history of comprehensive state tobacco control programs (starting with California in 1989). Recent trends in risk factors are likely to affect Cancer incidence rates at the youngest ages METHODS: Trends in age-adjusted incidence rates for Cancers most strongly associated with tobacco (ie, lung, oral cavity-Pharynx, and bladder Cancers) were analyzed for 1992 through 2004 in 11 areas (the states of Connecticut, Hawaii, Iowa, Utah, and New Mexico, and the metropolitan areas of Atlanta, Georgia; Detroit, Michigan; Los Angeles County, California; San Francisco-Oakland, California; San Jose-Monterey, California; and Seattle-Puget Sound, Washington) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program. The 8 states differed in poverty rate of the population and in history of statewide tobacco control efforts as measured by an initial outcomes index (IOI) for the 1990s and a strength of tobacco control (SoTC) index for 1999 through 2000. Annual percentage change (APC) in incidence rate was calculated for whites and blacks separately and by sex for each SEER area. RESULTS: Among whites, the largest declines for lung Cancer were in the 3 SEER areas of California, which were the only areas with significant (negative) APCs for oral cavity-Pharynx Cancer (but not for bladder Cancer). For blacks, significant (negative) APCs for both lung and oral cavity-Pharynx Cancers were found in 4 of 5 areas with useful data but only 1 of 3 areas for bladder Cancer. The strongest correlations of APCs for whites were for lung and oral cavity-Pharynx Cancers with the IOIs for the early 1990s and with the SoTC (due to the influence of California, which had the highest SoTC). CONCLUSION: Lung and oral cavity-Pharynx Cancer incidence rates among whites aged 15 to 54 years declined more in California than in other areas, possibly because of comprehensive state tobacco control efforts. The different trends for bladder Cancer vs other Cancers could reflect the influence of risk factors other than tobacco. The greater geographic uniformity of trends among blacks than among whites for lung and oral cavity-Pharynx Cancers requires further study, particularly in relation to state tobacco control efforts.
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Geographic pattern of Cancers related to tobacco and alcohol in Connecticut: implications for Cancer control
Cancer Detection and Prevention, 2004Co-Authors: Anthony P PolednakAbstract:Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the geographic distribution of standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for Connecticut's 169 towns for 18,382 Cancers diagnosed in 1995–2000 at sites most strongly associated with tobacco and/or alcohol (i.e, lung, oral cavity–Pharynx, and esophagus), with consideration of census-derived indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) at the town level. For males, the state's four largest towns, all in the highest poverty-rate quartile, had statistically significantly elevated SIRs for both lung Cancer and oral cavity–Pharynx Cancers, and also had elevated SIRs for esophageal Cancer. Two of these four towns also had statistically significantly elevated SIRs for oral cavity–Pharynx Cancer for females. SIRs for both males and females were lowest for the lowest poverty quartile and highest for the highest poverty quartile, for each Cancer-site group. Among 15,271 patients diagnosed with their first Cancer at any of the selected sites in 1995–2000, risk of diagnosis of a second primary Cancer at any of these sites (139 patients) was highest in the highest poverty-rate quartile. These surveillance methods should be useful for targeting Cancer control efforts aimed at prevention or cessation of tobacco and/or heavy alcohol use, and early detection or chemoprevention of these Cancers, including second primary Cancers.
Cai Grau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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late swallowing dysfunction and dysphagia after radiotherapy for Pharynx Cancer frequency intensity and correlation with dose and volume parameters
Radiotherapy and Oncology, 2007Co-Authors: K Jensen, Karin Lambertsen, Cai GrauAbstract:Abstract Background and purpose Dysphagia and swallowing problems are common in Pharynx Cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Dysfunction of the upper aerodigestive tract may lead to reduced quality of life, malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia. The aim of the current study was to describe swallowing function after radiotherapy and examine its correlation with irradiated volume and dose. Patients and methods All recurrence free patients treated for Pharynx Cancer with radical radiotherapy at our institution, between 1998 and 2002, were invited to participate, 35 (55% of eligible) agreed. Patients were examined with EORTC quality of life questionnaires and functional endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Organs at risk were delineated on planning CT scans, available for 25 patients. Results Eighty-three percent of patients had some degree of dysphagia. Reduced sensitivity was observed in 94%, residues in 88%, penetration in 59% and aspiration in 18% of patients. Several significant correlations were found between both subjective and objective swallowing problems and DVH parameters of the upper aerodigestive tract. Doses less than 60Gy to the supraglottic region, the larynx and upper esophageal sphincter resulted in a low risk of aspiration. Discussion Both subjective and objective swallowing problems were frequent and severe after radiotherapy for Pharynx Cancer. Swallowing dysfunction was correlated with dose and volume parameters of the upper aerodigestive tract.
Dominique Dubourdieu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A 10-year incidence survey of respiratory Cancer and a case-control study within a cohort of nickel mining and refining workers in New Caledonia
Cancer Causes & Control, 1994Co-Authors: Marcel Goldberg, Paquerette Goldberg, Annette Leclerc, Jean-françois Chastang, Marie-josé Marne, Dominique DubourdieuAbstract:The incidence of lung, pleural, nasal; larynx, and Pharynx Cancer in relation to work in the nickel mining and refining industry was studied from 1978 to 1987 in the male population of the French territory of New Caledonia in the South Pacific. The results showed no greater risk in the population of nickel workers than in the general male population. The incidence of respiratory Cancer in New Caledonia was found to be comparable to that of industrialized countries, except for pleural Cancer for which there was an excess risk in New Caledonia. A case-control study within the cohort of nickel industry workers comprised 80 lung Cancer, 12 larynx Cancer, 20 Pharynx Cancer cases, and 298 controls, and took account of 18 substances to which workers were exposed, five of them nickel compounds. None of the substances, or any other occupational variable, was shown to increase the risk of respiratory Cancer, except for Cancer of the larynx in relation to level and duration of exposure to dust and engine exhaust fumes on mining sites (odds ratios ranged from five to 5.4 and were significant). These results provide no evidence that exposures specific to the nickel industry in New Caledonia increase the risk of respiratory Cancer. This might be due to the involvement of less airborne nickel than the amount observed in positive studies elsewhere. The high incidence of respiratory Cancer in New Caledonia, compared with other South Pacific islands, might be attributable to an environmental risk connected with the presence of mineral fibers in the geologic strata, as well as to tobacco and alcohol consumption levels similar to those prevailing in France.