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Franco Frati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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which allergen extract for grass pollen immunotherapy an in vitro study
Immunological Investigations, 2010Co-Authors: Francesco Marcucci, Paola Puccinelli, Cristoforo Incorvaia, Silvia Scurati, L Sensi, Giuseppe Di Cara, Franco FratiAbstract:BACKGROUND: Grass pollen is a major cause of allergy throughout the world. The only treatment targeting the causes and not only the symptoms of allergy is specific immunotherapy (IT). A number of controlled trials demonstrated the efficacy of IT in grass pollen allergic subjects, most using extracts of multiple grasses but some using extracts of a single grass. The optimal grass extract for IT has not yet been established. METHODS: This study is aimed at investigating the IgE-binding pattern in sera from IT-naive patients from central Italy with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma caused by grass pollen. A 5-grass extract was used (containing Dactylis glomerata, Poa pratensis, Lolium perenne, Antoxanthum odoratum and Phleum pratense) and compared to Phleum pratense alone, which is the most frequently used single grass extract, by the RAST-inhibition technique. RESULTS: The 5-grass extract showed, by RAST-inhibition, a significantly higher binding compared to the Phleum pratense extract for Antoxanthum odoratum and Poa pratensis, while the two extracts for immunotherapy showed similar binding affinity for Phleum pratense and the non-Pooideae grass, Cynodon dactylon. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a mixed-grass pollen extract seems to be the optimal choice when applying specific IT in grass pollen-allergic subjects from the Mediterranean area.
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Which Allergen Extract for Grass Pollen Immunotherapy? an in Vitro Study
Immunological Investigations, 2010Co-Authors: Francesco Marcucci, Paola Puccinelli, Cristoforo Incorvaia, Silvia Scurati, L Sensi, Giuseppe Di Cara, Franco FratiAbstract:Background: Grass pollen is a major cause of allergy throughout the world. The only treatment targeting the causes and not only the symptoms of allergy is specific immunotherapy (IT). A number of controlled trials demonstrated the efficacy of IT in grass pollen allergic subjects, most using extracts of multiple grasses but some using extracts of a single grass. The optimal grass extract for IT has not yet been established. Methods: This study is aimed at investigating the IgE-binding pattern in sera from IT-naive patients from central Italy with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma caused by grass pollen. A 5-grass extract was used (containing Dactylis glomerata, Poa pratensis, Lolium perenne, Antoxanthum odoratum and Phleum pratense) and compared to Phleum pratense alone, which is the most frequently used single grass extract, by the RAST-inhibition technique. Results: The 5-grass extract showed, by RAST-inhibition, a significantly higher binding compared to the Phleum pratense extract for Antoxanthum odoratu...
Margitta Worm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dose response relationship of a new timothy grass pollen allergoid in comparison with a 6 grass pollen allergoid
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2017Co-Authors: Oliver Pfaar, B. Hauswald, Nico Hunzelmann, Sibylle Schliemann, Jens M. Hohlfeld, B Alkadah, P. Velling, Margitta WormAbstract:Background Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy with grass pollen allergoids has been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Based on the extensive cross-reactivity among Pooideae species, it has been suggested that grass pollen extracts could be prepared from a single species, rather than from a multiple species mixture. Objective To find the optimal dose of a Phleum pratense allergoid preparation and compare its efficacy and safety to a 6-grass pollen allergoid preparation. Methods In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study (EudraCT: 2011-000674-58), 3 doses of Phleum pratense allergoid (1800 Therapeutic Units (TU), standard dose 6000 TU, and 18000 TU) were compared with placebo and the marketed 6-grass pollen allergoid (6000 TU). In a preseasonal dosing regimen, 102 patients were randomized to 5 treatment groups and received 9 subcutaneous injections. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in wheal size (late phase reaction, LPR) in response to the intracutaneous testing (ICT) before and after treatment, comparing the active allergoids to placebo. Secondary outcomes were the change in Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) assessed in the allergen exposure chamber (AEC), the changes in Phleum pratense-serum specific IgG4, and the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Results All 3 doses of the Phleum pratense and the 6-grass pollen allergoid preparations were significantly superior to placebo for the primary outcome, whereas there were no significant differences in the change in TNSS. Compared to the standard dose, the high dose of Phleum pratense did not produce any additional significant benefit, but showed a slight increase in AEs. Yet this increase in AEs was lower than for the 6-grass pollen preparation. Conclusions & Clinical Relevance The standard dose of the new Phleum pratense allergoid was comparable to the marketed 6-grass pollen preparation at equal dose for the parameters measured. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Guy Brusselle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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epidemiology and impact of chronic bronchitis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
European Respiratory Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Lies Lahousse, Leen J M Seys, Guy Joos, Oscar H Franco, Bruno H Stricker, Guy BrusselleAbstract:Research on the association between chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations has led to discordant results. Furthermore, the impact of chronic bronchitis on mortality in COPD subjects is unclear. Within the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study of subjects aged ≥45 years, chronic bronchitis was defined as having a productive cough for ≥3 months per year for two consecutive years. Linear, logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for age, sex and pack-years. Out of 972 included COPD subjects, 752 had no chronic Phlegm production (CB-) and 220 had chronic Phlegm production, of whom 172 met the definition of chronic bronchitis (CB+). CB+ subjects were older, more frequently current smokers and had more pack-years than CB- subjects. During a median 6.5 years of followup, CB+ subjects had greater decline in lung function (-38 mL·year-1, 95% CI -61.7 - -14.6; p=0.024). CB+ subjects had an increased risk of frequent exacerbations (OR 4.0, 95% CI 2.7-5.9; p<0.001). In females, survival was significantly worse in CB+ subjects compared to CB- subjects. Regarding cause-specific mortality, CB+ subjects had an increased risk of respiratory mortality (hazard ratio 2.16, 95% CI 1.12-4.17; p=0.002). COPD subjects with chronic bronchitis have an increased risk of exacerbations and respiratory mortality compared to COPD subjects without chronic Phlegm production.
Giovanni Viegi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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18 yr cumulative incidence of respiratory allergic symptoms diseases and risk factors in the pisa epidemiological study
Respiratory Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Sara Maio, Sandra Baldacci, Laura Carrozzi, Francesco Pistelli, Marzia Simoni, Anna Angino, Stefania La Grutta, Vito M R Muggeo, Giovanni ViegiAbstract:Abstract Background Few population-based studies on the effects of environmental exposure variation exist. Aim Assessing respiratory symptom/disease incidence related to risk factor exposure changes. Methods A longitudinal general population sample from two surveys (PISA2:1991–1993; PISA3:2009–2011; no. = 970), aged ≥20 years at baseline, completed a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms/diseases, risk factor exposure and performed spirometry. 18-year follow-up cumulative incidence of respiratory symptoms/diseases and longitudinal changes (persistence, incidence, remittance) in risk factor exposure were computed. Results Cumulative incidence values were: 3.2% (corresponding to a 1.8‰/year incidence rate), asthma; 6.6% (3.8‰/year), asthma attacks; 4.5% (2.6‰/year), wheeze; 31.7% (21.0‰/year), allergic rhinitis-AR; 7.6% (4.4‰/year), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD; 16.1% (9.7‰/year), usual cough; 18.5% (11.3‰/year), usual Phlegm; 30.7% (20.1‰/year), dyspnoea 1+; 13.9% (8.3‰/year), airway obstruction. The following associations emerged among respiratory symptom/disease cumulative incidence and risk factor exposure changes: a two-to-five fold higher risk for COPD, Phlegm, cough, dyspnoea, asthma attacks, airway obstruction in persistent smokers; a two-to-three fold higher risk for COPD in remittent smokers; a two-fold higher risk for AR, Phlegm and a four-fold higher risk for asthma in subjects with persistent occupational exposure; a two-fold higher risk for cough, Phlegm, dyspnoea, AR in subjects with incident occupational exposure; a two-fold higher risk for AR, asthma attacks, COPD in subjects with incident traffic exposure. Conclusions Our study showed noteworthy respiratory symptom/disease incidence values and indicated that life-style and environmental exposure changes can differently influence onset. This information could be useful for primary prevention strategies in order to reduce the chronic disease burden in the general population.
Jens M. Hohlfeld - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dose response relationship of a new timothy grass pollen allergoid in comparison with a 6 grass pollen allergoid
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2017Co-Authors: Oliver Pfaar, B. Hauswald, Nico Hunzelmann, Sibylle Schliemann, Jens M. Hohlfeld, B Alkadah, P. Velling, Margitta WormAbstract:Background Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy with grass pollen allergoids has been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Based on the extensive cross-reactivity among Pooideae species, it has been suggested that grass pollen extracts could be prepared from a single species, rather than from a multiple species mixture. Objective To find the optimal dose of a Phleum pratense allergoid preparation and compare its efficacy and safety to a 6-grass pollen allergoid preparation. Methods In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study (EudraCT: 2011-000674-58), 3 doses of Phleum pratense allergoid (1800 Therapeutic Units (TU), standard dose 6000 TU, and 18000 TU) were compared with placebo and the marketed 6-grass pollen allergoid (6000 TU). In a preseasonal dosing regimen, 102 patients were randomized to 5 treatment groups and received 9 subcutaneous injections. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in wheal size (late phase reaction, LPR) in response to the intracutaneous testing (ICT) before and after treatment, comparing the active allergoids to placebo. Secondary outcomes were the change in Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) assessed in the allergen exposure chamber (AEC), the changes in Phleum pratense-serum specific IgG4, and the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Results All 3 doses of the Phleum pratense and the 6-grass pollen allergoid preparations were significantly superior to placebo for the primary outcome, whereas there were no significant differences in the change in TNSS. Compared to the standard dose, the high dose of Phleum pratense did not produce any additional significant benefit, but showed a slight increase in AEs. Yet this increase in AEs was lower than for the 6-grass pollen preparation. Conclusions & Clinical Relevance The standard dose of the new Phleum pratense allergoid was comparable to the marketed 6-grass pollen preparation at equal dose for the parameters measured. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.