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Robert Sarkany - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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facial Photoprotection in xeroderma pigmentosum xp patients validation of a new self reported questionnaire of adherence
Photodermatology Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, 2020Co-Authors: Martha Canfield, Robert Sarkany, Jessica Walburn, Kirby Sainsbury, N Morrisonbowen, Sam Norton, Vera Araujosoares, John WeinmanAbstract:BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Adherence to Photoprotection is the only way to prevent skin cancers and eye disease in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). No validated self-report questionnaire exists for assessing adherence to Photoprotection practices in individuals with XP. We sought to validate a self-reported measure of adherence to face Photoprotection in this population. METHODS: Sixty six XP patients recruited from the patient list of the XP specialist service in London, UK, completed a questionnaire of adherence to specific Photoprotection behaviours. We measured objective ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure to the face continuously for 21 days with a wristworn UVR electronic dosimeter combined with a daily Photoprotection diary. Reliability and convergent validity of the questionnaire were tested in relation to overall UVR exposure, UVR dose to the face, daily Photoprotection activities, other self-reported Photoprotection practices and clinical ratings of patient's protection. RESULTS: Internal consistency of the questionnaire was satisfactory. Questionnaire total scores were concordant with objective UVR exposure and UVR dose to the face. However, not all participants who reported good/excellent face Photoprotection on the questionnaire recorded high levels of Photoprotection in the daily diary. Correlations between the questionnaire and other practices and the clinical rating ranged from small to large in size. There was no correlation between the level of face Photoprotection and self-reported avoidance of going outside. CONCLUSIONS: Our questionnaire was reliable and had good convergent validity with other indicators of Photoprotection. This questionnaire could assist clinicians to detect low levels of adherence, and the methodology used to develop validated questionnaires for other photosensitive conditions.
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evaluation of a personalised adherence intervention to improve Photoprotection in adults with xeroderma pigmentosum xp protocol for the trial of xpand
BMJ Open, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Robert Sarkany, Myfanwy Morgan, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Sam Norton, Vera Araujosoares, Jakob Heydenreich, Paul MccroneAbstract:Introduction Poor adherence to Photoprotection for people with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) can be life-threatening. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) is being conducted to test the efficacy of a personalised adherence intervention (XPAND) to reduce the level of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the face, by improving Photoprotection activities in adults with XP. Methods and analysis A two-armed parallel groups RCT, where we randomised 24 patients with suboptimal adherence to either an intervention group who received XPAND in 2018 or a delayed intervention group who will receive XPAND in 2019. XPAND involves seven sessions, one-to-one with a facilitator, using behaviour change techniques and specially designed materials to target barriers to Photoprotection. Following baseline assessment in April 2018 (t0) and intervention, the primary outcome will be measured across 21 consecutive days in June and July 2018 (t1). The primary outcome is the average daily UVR dose to the face (D-to-F), calculated by combining objective UVR exposure at the wrist (measured by a dosimeter) with face Photoprotection activities recorded on a daily UVR protection diary. Secondary outcomes include average daily UVR D-to-F across 21 days in August (t2); psychosocial process variables measured by daily questions (t0, t1, t2) and self-report questionnaires (t0, t1, t2, December 2018 (t3)). Intervention cost-utility is assessed by service use and personal cost questionnaires (t0, t3). The delayed intervention control arm participants will complete three further assessments in April 2019 (t4) and June–July 2019 (t5), and December 2019 (t6) with dosimetry and UVR protection diary completed for 21 days at t4 and t5. A process evaluation will be conducted using mixed methods. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been received from West London & GTAC REC 17/LO/2110. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences. This study tests a novel intervention, which, if successful, will be integrated into routine care. Trial registration number NCT03445052; Pre-results.
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psychological correlates of adherence to Photoprotection in a rare disease international survey of people with xeroderma pigmentosum
British Journal of Health Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Alain Sarasin, N Morrisonbowen, Falko F. Sniehotta, Sam Norton, Mark Berneburg, Robert SarkanyAbstract:OBJECTIVES: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an extremely rare genetic disorder (approximately 100 known cases in the United Kingdom), where DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation in daylight cannot be repaired. Adherence to Photoprotection is essential to prevent skin cancer. We investigated psychological correlates of Photoprotection in the XP population of Western Europe and the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of adults with XP and caregivers of patients <16 years and those with cognitive impairment in the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and France (n = 156). METHODS: Photoprotection activities to protect the face and body when outdoors; avoidance of going outside during daylight hours; intention; self-efficacy; and social support were assessed using measures developed for this study. Participants answered questions about their illness representations of XP (BIPQ); beliefs about Photoprotection (BMQ); automaticity (i.e., without conscious effort) (SRBAI); clinical and demographic characteristics. Ordinal logistic regressions determined factors associated with Photoprotection. RESULTS: One third did not achieve optimal face Photoprotection. After controlling for demographic and clinical factors, modifiable correlates of higher Photoprotection included greater perceived control of XP, stronger beliefs in necessity and effectiveness of Photoprotection, and higher intention. Avoidance of going outside was associated with greater Photoprotection concerns, more serious illness consequences, and higher XP-related distress. Greater automaticity and higher self-efficacy were associated with better protection across all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of all known cases across three European countries participated. Identified modifiable predictors of Photoprotection may be targeted by interventions to reduce the incidence of skin cancers in the immediate future, when a treatment breakthrough is unlikely. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Adherence to Photoprotection in other populations at elevated risk from skin cancer is poor; however, the level in XP is unknown. Research across chronic conditions shows that adherence to treatment and lifestyle recommendations are influenced by illness perceptions, self-efficacy, and treatment beliefs. Studies on Photoprotection conducted with the general population have found that perceived risk, perceptions of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection, self-efficacy for the behaviour, and automaticity (behaviours that are enacted with little conscious awareness) are related to better Photoprotection. What does this study add? This is the first international survey to examine adherence and its correlates in people with XP (an under-researched group at very high risk of fatal skin cancer). Adherence varies and at least one third have potential for improvement. Perceptions about XP, Photoprotection beliefs, self-efficacy, intention, and automaticity were associated with Photoprotection of the face and body when outdoors. Negative emotional representations of XP were associated with avoidance of going outside during daylight hours.
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psychological correlates of adherence to Photoprotection in a rare disease international survey of people with xeroderma pigmentosum
British Journal of Health Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Alain Sarasin, N Morrisonbowen, Falko F. Sniehotta, Sam Norton, Mark Berneburg, Robert SarkanyAbstract:OBJECTIVES: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an extremely rare genetic disorder (approximately 100 known cases in the United Kingdom), where DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation in daylight cannot be repaired. Adherence to Photoprotection is essential to prevent skin cancer. We investigated psychological correlates of Photoprotection in the XP population of Western Europe and the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of adults with XP and caregivers of patients <16 years and those with cognitive impairment in the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and France (n = 156). METHODS: Photoprotection activities to protect the face and body when outdoors; avoidance of going outside during daylight hours; intention; self-efficacy; and social support were assessed using measures developed for this study. Participants answered questions about their illness representations of XP (BIPQ); beliefs about Photoprotection (BMQ); automaticity (i.e., without conscious effort) (SRBAI); clinical and demographic characteristics. Ordinal logistic regressions determined factors associated with Photoprotection. RESULTS: One third did not achieve optimal face Photoprotection. After controlling for demographic and clinical factors, modifiable correlates of higher Photoprotection included greater perceived control of XP, stronger beliefs in necessity and effectiveness of Photoprotection, and higher intention. Avoidance of going outside was associated with greater Photoprotection concerns, more serious illness consequences, and higher XP-related distress. Greater automaticity and higher self-efficacy were associated with better protection across all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of all known cases across three European countries participated. Identified modifiable predictors of Photoprotection may be targeted by interventions to reduce the incidence of skin cancers in the immediate future, when a treatment breakthrough is unlikely. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Adherence to Photoprotection in other populations at elevated risk from skin cancer is poor; however, the level in XP is unknown. Research across chronic conditions shows that adherence to treatment and lifestyle recommendations are influenced by illness perceptions, self-efficacy, and treatment beliefs. Studies on Photoprotection conducted with the general population have found that perceived risk, perceptions of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection, self-efficacy for the behaviour, and automaticity (behaviours that are enacted with little conscious awareness) are related to better Photoprotection. What does this study add? This is the first international survey to examine adherence and its correlates in people with XP (an under-researched group at very high risk of fatal skin cancer). Adherence varies and at least one third have potential for improvement. Perceptions about XP, Photoprotection beliefs, self-efficacy, intention, and automaticity were associated with Photoprotection of the face and body when outdoors. Negative emotional representations of XP were associated with avoidance of going outside during daylight hours.
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The influence of perceived medical risks and psychosocial concerns on Photoprotection behaviours among adults with xeroderma pigmentosum: a qualitative interview study in the UK.
BMJ Open, 2019Co-Authors: Myfanwy Morgan, Jessica Walburn, Rebecca Anderson, John Weinman, Robert SarkanyAbstract:Background A high level of Photoprotection is required by people with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a rare skin disease, to reduce skin cancer and other risks. However poor Photoprotection is thought to be widespread. Purpose This study examines the influences on Photoprotection behaviours in adults with XP. Design Inductive qualitative study with semistructured interviews. Analysis employed a framework approach. Setting National sample recruited through a specialist XP centre in London. Methods Semistructured interviews at patients’ homes. All transcripts were coded and themes charted for each participant. Comparisons within and across cases identified common themes and differing motivations and approaches to Photoprotection. Credibility of interpretations assessed through patient/carer input and clinic adherence scores. Participants 25 adults (17 male, eight female) aged 16–63 years with diagnosed XP attending a specialist centre. 18 lived outside London. Results Awareness of risks of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and Photoprotection was high. However, Photoprotection behaviours varied according to perceived necessity and concerns. Three behavioural responses were identified: (1) ‘dominated’ by planning and routines to achieve a high level of Photoprotection with significant activity restrictions and psychosocial impacts. (2) ‘resistant’ to Photoprotection with priority given to avoiding an illness identity and enjoying a normal life. (3) Photoprotection’ integrated’ with an individual’s life with little psychosocial impact. These responses were influenced by illness, personal and contextual factors including age, life stage and social support. Only the ‘integrated’ group achieved an equilibrium between perceived ‘necessity’ and ‘concerns’. Conclusions The personal balance between perceived risks of UVR and social/psychological ‘concerns’ led to differing behavioural responses and contributes to an understanding of adaptation and normalisation in chronic illness. The study will also inform a series of individualised behavioural interventions to reduce measured UVR exposure among people with XP that are potentially applicable to other conditions with high risks of skin cancer.
Jessica Walburn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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facial Photoprotection in xeroderma pigmentosum xp patients validation of a new self reported questionnaire of adherence
Photodermatology Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, 2020Co-Authors: Martha Canfield, Robert Sarkany, Jessica Walburn, Kirby Sainsbury, N Morrisonbowen, Sam Norton, Vera Araujosoares, John WeinmanAbstract:BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Adherence to Photoprotection is the only way to prevent skin cancers and eye disease in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). No validated self-report questionnaire exists for assessing adherence to Photoprotection practices in individuals with XP. We sought to validate a self-reported measure of adherence to face Photoprotection in this population. METHODS: Sixty six XP patients recruited from the patient list of the XP specialist service in London, UK, completed a questionnaire of adherence to specific Photoprotection behaviours. We measured objective ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure to the face continuously for 21 days with a wristworn UVR electronic dosimeter combined with a daily Photoprotection diary. Reliability and convergent validity of the questionnaire were tested in relation to overall UVR exposure, UVR dose to the face, daily Photoprotection activities, other self-reported Photoprotection practices and clinical ratings of patient's protection. RESULTS: Internal consistency of the questionnaire was satisfactory. Questionnaire total scores were concordant with objective UVR exposure and UVR dose to the face. However, not all participants who reported good/excellent face Photoprotection on the questionnaire recorded high levels of Photoprotection in the daily diary. Correlations between the questionnaire and other practices and the clinical rating ranged from small to large in size. There was no correlation between the level of face Photoprotection and self-reported avoidance of going outside. CONCLUSIONS: Our questionnaire was reliable and had good convergent validity with other indicators of Photoprotection. This questionnaire could assist clinicians to detect low levels of adherence, and the methodology used to develop validated questionnaires for other photosensitive conditions.
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evaluation of a personalised adherence intervention to improve Photoprotection in adults with xeroderma pigmentosum xp protocol for the trial of xpand
BMJ Open, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Robert Sarkany, Myfanwy Morgan, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Sam Norton, Vera Araujosoares, Jakob Heydenreich, Paul MccroneAbstract:Introduction Poor adherence to Photoprotection for people with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) can be life-threatening. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) is being conducted to test the efficacy of a personalised adherence intervention (XPAND) to reduce the level of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the face, by improving Photoprotection activities in adults with XP. Methods and analysis A two-armed parallel groups RCT, where we randomised 24 patients with suboptimal adherence to either an intervention group who received XPAND in 2018 or a delayed intervention group who will receive XPAND in 2019. XPAND involves seven sessions, one-to-one with a facilitator, using behaviour change techniques and specially designed materials to target barriers to Photoprotection. Following baseline assessment in April 2018 (t0) and intervention, the primary outcome will be measured across 21 consecutive days in June and July 2018 (t1). The primary outcome is the average daily UVR dose to the face (D-to-F), calculated by combining objective UVR exposure at the wrist (measured by a dosimeter) with face Photoprotection activities recorded on a daily UVR protection diary. Secondary outcomes include average daily UVR D-to-F across 21 days in August (t2); psychosocial process variables measured by daily questions (t0, t1, t2) and self-report questionnaires (t0, t1, t2, December 2018 (t3)). Intervention cost-utility is assessed by service use and personal cost questionnaires (t0, t3). The delayed intervention control arm participants will complete three further assessments in April 2019 (t4) and June–July 2019 (t5), and December 2019 (t6) with dosimetry and UVR protection diary completed for 21 days at t4 and t5. A process evaluation will be conducted using mixed methods. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been received from West London & GTAC REC 17/LO/2110. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences. This study tests a novel intervention, which, if successful, will be integrated into routine care. Trial registration number NCT03445052; Pre-results.
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psychological correlates of adherence to Photoprotection in a rare disease international survey of people with xeroderma pigmentosum
British Journal of Health Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Alain Sarasin, N Morrisonbowen, Falko F. Sniehotta, Sam Norton, Mark Berneburg, Robert SarkanyAbstract:OBJECTIVES: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an extremely rare genetic disorder (approximately 100 known cases in the United Kingdom), where DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation in daylight cannot be repaired. Adherence to Photoprotection is essential to prevent skin cancer. We investigated psychological correlates of Photoprotection in the XP population of Western Europe and the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of adults with XP and caregivers of patients <16 years and those with cognitive impairment in the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and France (n = 156). METHODS: Photoprotection activities to protect the face and body when outdoors; avoidance of going outside during daylight hours; intention; self-efficacy; and social support were assessed using measures developed for this study. Participants answered questions about their illness representations of XP (BIPQ); beliefs about Photoprotection (BMQ); automaticity (i.e., without conscious effort) (SRBAI); clinical and demographic characteristics. Ordinal logistic regressions determined factors associated with Photoprotection. RESULTS: One third did not achieve optimal face Photoprotection. After controlling for demographic and clinical factors, modifiable correlates of higher Photoprotection included greater perceived control of XP, stronger beliefs in necessity and effectiveness of Photoprotection, and higher intention. Avoidance of going outside was associated with greater Photoprotection concerns, more serious illness consequences, and higher XP-related distress. Greater automaticity and higher self-efficacy were associated with better protection across all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of all known cases across three European countries participated. Identified modifiable predictors of Photoprotection may be targeted by interventions to reduce the incidence of skin cancers in the immediate future, when a treatment breakthrough is unlikely. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Adherence to Photoprotection in other populations at elevated risk from skin cancer is poor; however, the level in XP is unknown. Research across chronic conditions shows that adherence to treatment and lifestyle recommendations are influenced by illness perceptions, self-efficacy, and treatment beliefs. Studies on Photoprotection conducted with the general population have found that perceived risk, perceptions of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection, self-efficacy for the behaviour, and automaticity (behaviours that are enacted with little conscious awareness) are related to better Photoprotection. What does this study add? This is the first international survey to examine adherence and its correlates in people with XP (an under-researched group at very high risk of fatal skin cancer). Adherence varies and at least one third have potential for improvement. Perceptions about XP, Photoprotection beliefs, self-efficacy, intention, and automaticity were associated with Photoprotection of the face and body when outdoors. Negative emotional representations of XP were associated with avoidance of going outside during daylight hours.
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psychological correlates of adherence to Photoprotection in a rare disease international survey of people with xeroderma pigmentosum
British Journal of Health Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Alain Sarasin, N Morrisonbowen, Falko F. Sniehotta, Sam Norton, Mark Berneburg, Robert SarkanyAbstract:OBJECTIVES: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an extremely rare genetic disorder (approximately 100 known cases in the United Kingdom), where DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation in daylight cannot be repaired. Adherence to Photoprotection is essential to prevent skin cancer. We investigated psychological correlates of Photoprotection in the XP population of Western Europe and the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of adults with XP and caregivers of patients <16 years and those with cognitive impairment in the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and France (n = 156). METHODS: Photoprotection activities to protect the face and body when outdoors; avoidance of going outside during daylight hours; intention; self-efficacy; and social support were assessed using measures developed for this study. Participants answered questions about their illness representations of XP (BIPQ); beliefs about Photoprotection (BMQ); automaticity (i.e., without conscious effort) (SRBAI); clinical and demographic characteristics. Ordinal logistic regressions determined factors associated with Photoprotection. RESULTS: One third did not achieve optimal face Photoprotection. After controlling for demographic and clinical factors, modifiable correlates of higher Photoprotection included greater perceived control of XP, stronger beliefs in necessity and effectiveness of Photoprotection, and higher intention. Avoidance of going outside was associated with greater Photoprotection concerns, more serious illness consequences, and higher XP-related distress. Greater automaticity and higher self-efficacy were associated with better protection across all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of all known cases across three European countries participated. Identified modifiable predictors of Photoprotection may be targeted by interventions to reduce the incidence of skin cancers in the immediate future, when a treatment breakthrough is unlikely. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Adherence to Photoprotection in other populations at elevated risk from skin cancer is poor; however, the level in XP is unknown. Research across chronic conditions shows that adherence to treatment and lifestyle recommendations are influenced by illness perceptions, self-efficacy, and treatment beliefs. Studies on Photoprotection conducted with the general population have found that perceived risk, perceptions of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection, self-efficacy for the behaviour, and automaticity (behaviours that are enacted with little conscious awareness) are related to better Photoprotection. What does this study add? This is the first international survey to examine adherence and its correlates in people with XP (an under-researched group at very high risk of fatal skin cancer). Adherence varies and at least one third have potential for improvement. Perceptions about XP, Photoprotection beliefs, self-efficacy, intention, and automaticity were associated with Photoprotection of the face and body when outdoors. Negative emotional representations of XP were associated with avoidance of going outside during daylight hours.
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The influence of perceived medical risks and psychosocial concerns on Photoprotection behaviours among adults with xeroderma pigmentosum: a qualitative interview study in the UK.
BMJ Open, 2019Co-Authors: Myfanwy Morgan, Jessica Walburn, Rebecca Anderson, John Weinman, Robert SarkanyAbstract:Background A high level of Photoprotection is required by people with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a rare skin disease, to reduce skin cancer and other risks. However poor Photoprotection is thought to be widespread. Purpose This study examines the influences on Photoprotection behaviours in adults with XP. Design Inductive qualitative study with semistructured interviews. Analysis employed a framework approach. Setting National sample recruited through a specialist XP centre in London. Methods Semistructured interviews at patients’ homes. All transcripts were coded and themes charted for each participant. Comparisons within and across cases identified common themes and differing motivations and approaches to Photoprotection. Credibility of interpretations assessed through patient/carer input and clinic adherence scores. Participants 25 adults (17 male, eight female) aged 16–63 years with diagnosed XP attending a specialist centre. 18 lived outside London. Results Awareness of risks of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and Photoprotection was high. However, Photoprotection behaviours varied according to perceived necessity and concerns. Three behavioural responses were identified: (1) ‘dominated’ by planning and routines to achieve a high level of Photoprotection with significant activity restrictions and psychosocial impacts. (2) ‘resistant’ to Photoprotection with priority given to avoiding an illness identity and enjoying a normal life. (3) Photoprotection’ integrated’ with an individual’s life with little psychosocial impact. These responses were influenced by illness, personal and contextual factors including age, life stage and social support. Only the ‘integrated’ group achieved an equilibrium between perceived ‘necessity’ and ‘concerns’. Conclusions The personal balance between perceived risks of UVR and social/psychological ‘concerns’ led to differing behavioural responses and contributes to an understanding of adaptation and normalisation in chronic illness. The study will also inform a series of individualised behavioural interventions to reduce measured UVR exposure among people with XP that are potentially applicable to other conditions with high risks of skin cancer.
Hongyan Qi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pgr5 pgrl1 and ndh mediate far red light induced Photoprotection in response to chilling stress in tomato
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Golam Jalal Ahammed, Xiujie Wang, Xin Bu, Hengzuo Xiang, Yanbing Li, Jiazhi Lu, Hongyan Qi, Feng WangAbstract:Plants experience low ambient temperature and low red to far-red ratios (L-R/FR) of light due to vegetative shading and longer twilight durations in cool seasons. Low temperature induce photoinhibition through inactivation of the photosynthetic apparatus, however, the role of light quality on Photoprotection during cold stress remains poorly understood. Here, we report that L-R/FR significantly prevents the overreduction of the entire intersystem electron transfer chain and the limitation of photosystem I (PSI) acceptor side, eventually alleviating the cold-induced photoinhibition. During cold stress, L-R/FR activated cyclic electron flow (CEF), enhanced protonation of PSII subunit S (PsbS) and de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, and promoted energy-dependent quenching (qE) component of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), enzyme activity of Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle and D1 proteins accumulation. However, L-R/FR -induced Photoprotection pathways were compromised in tomato PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 (PGR5) and PGR5-LIKE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHENOTYPE1A (PGRL1A) co-silenced plants and NADH DEHYDROGENASE-LIKE COMPLEX M (NDHM) -silenced plants during cold stress. Our results demonstrate that both PGR5/PGRL1- and NDH-dependent CEF mediate L-R/FR -induced cold tolerance by enhancing the thermal dissipation and the repair of photodamaged PSII, thereby mitigating the overreduction of electron carriers and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The study indicates that there is an anterograde link between photoreception and Photoprotection in tomato plants during cold stress.
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pgr5 pgrl1 and ndh mediate far red light induced Photoprotection in response to chilling stress in tomato
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Golam Jalal Ahammed, Xiujie Wang, Xin Bu, Hengzuo Xiang, Yanbing Li, Jiazhi Lu, Hongyan Qi, Feng WangAbstract:Plants experience low ambient temperature and low red to far-red ratios (L-R/FR) of light due to vegetative shading and longer twilight durations in cool seasons. Low temperature induce photoinhibition through inactivation of the photosynthetic apparatus, however, the role of light quality on Photoprotection during cold stress remains poorly understood. Here, we report that L-R/FR significantly prevents the overreduction of the entire intersystem electron transfer chain and the limitation of photosystem I (PSI) acceptor side, eventually alleviating the cold-induced photoinhibition. During cold stress, L-R/FR activated cyclic electron flow (CEF), enhanced protonation of PSII subunit S (PsbS) and de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, and promoted energy-dependent quenching (qE) component of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), enzyme activity of Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle and D1 proteins accumulation. However, L-R/FR -induced Photoprotection pathways were compromised in tomato PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 (PGR5) and PGR5-LIKE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHENOTYPE1A (PGRL1A) co-silenced plants and NADH DEHYDROGENASE-LIKE COMPLEX M (NDHM) -silenced plants during cold stress. Our results demonstrate that both PGR5/PGRL1- and NDH-dependent CEF mediate L-R/FR -induced cold tolerance by enhancing the thermal dissipation and the repair of photodamaged PSII, thereby mitigating the overreduction of electron carriers and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The study indicates that there is an anterograde link between photoreception and Photoprotection in tomato plants during cold stress.
Feng Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pgr5 pgrl1 and ndh mediate far red light induced Photoprotection in response to chilling stress in tomato
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Golam Jalal Ahammed, Xiujie Wang, Xin Bu, Hengzuo Xiang, Yanbing Li, Jiazhi Lu, Hongyan Qi, Feng WangAbstract:Plants experience low ambient temperature and low red to far-red ratios (L-R/FR) of light due to vegetative shading and longer twilight durations in cool seasons. Low temperature induce photoinhibition through inactivation of the photosynthetic apparatus, however, the role of light quality on Photoprotection during cold stress remains poorly understood. Here, we report that L-R/FR significantly prevents the overreduction of the entire intersystem electron transfer chain and the limitation of photosystem I (PSI) acceptor side, eventually alleviating the cold-induced photoinhibition. During cold stress, L-R/FR activated cyclic electron flow (CEF), enhanced protonation of PSII subunit S (PsbS) and de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, and promoted energy-dependent quenching (qE) component of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), enzyme activity of Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle and D1 proteins accumulation. However, L-R/FR -induced Photoprotection pathways were compromised in tomato PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 (PGR5) and PGR5-LIKE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHENOTYPE1A (PGRL1A) co-silenced plants and NADH DEHYDROGENASE-LIKE COMPLEX M (NDHM) -silenced plants during cold stress. Our results demonstrate that both PGR5/PGRL1- and NDH-dependent CEF mediate L-R/FR -induced cold tolerance by enhancing the thermal dissipation and the repair of photodamaged PSII, thereby mitigating the overreduction of electron carriers and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The study indicates that there is an anterograde link between photoreception and Photoprotection in tomato plants during cold stress.
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pgr5 pgrl1 and ndh mediate far red light induced Photoprotection in response to chilling stress in tomato
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020Co-Authors: Golam Jalal Ahammed, Xiujie Wang, Xin Bu, Hengzuo Xiang, Yanbing Li, Jiazhi Lu, Hongyan Qi, Feng WangAbstract:Plants experience low ambient temperature and low red to far-red ratios (L-R/FR) of light due to vegetative shading and longer twilight durations in cool seasons. Low temperature induce photoinhibition through inactivation of the photosynthetic apparatus, however, the role of light quality on Photoprotection during cold stress remains poorly understood. Here, we report that L-R/FR significantly prevents the overreduction of the entire intersystem electron transfer chain and the limitation of photosystem I (PSI) acceptor side, eventually alleviating the cold-induced photoinhibition. During cold stress, L-R/FR activated cyclic electron flow (CEF), enhanced protonation of PSII subunit S (PsbS) and de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, and promoted energy-dependent quenching (qE) component of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), enzyme activity of Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle and D1 proteins accumulation. However, L-R/FR -induced Photoprotection pathways were compromised in tomato PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 (PGR5) and PGR5-LIKE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHENOTYPE1A (PGRL1A) co-silenced plants and NADH DEHYDROGENASE-LIKE COMPLEX M (NDHM) -silenced plants during cold stress. Our results demonstrate that both PGR5/PGRL1- and NDH-dependent CEF mediate L-R/FR -induced cold tolerance by enhancing the thermal dissipation and the repair of photodamaged PSII, thereby mitigating the overreduction of electron carriers and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The study indicates that there is an anterograde link between photoreception and Photoprotection in tomato plants during cold stress.
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light signaling dependent regulation of photoinhibition and Photoprotection in tomato
Plant Physiology, 2017Co-Authors: Feng Wang, Luyue Zhang, Golam Jalal Ahammed, Xun Man-xiang, Nan Wu, Jingquan Yu, Christine H Foyer, Xiaoxiao Chen, Jie Zhou, Yanhong ZhouAbstract:Photoreceptor-mediated light signaling plays a critical role in plant growth, development, and stress responses but its contribution to the spatial regulation of photoinhibition and Photoprotection within the canopy remains unclear. Here, we show that low red/far-red (L-R/FR) ratio light conditions significantly alleviate PSII and PSI photoinhibition in the shade leaves of tomato plants. This protection is accompanied by a phytochrome A (phyA)-dependent induction of LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5). HY5 binds to the promoter of ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5), triggering RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG1 (RBOH1)-dependent H2O2 production in the apoplast. Decreased levels of HY5, ABI5 and RBOH1 transcripts increased cold-induced photoinhibition and abolished L-R/FR-induced alleviation of photoinhibition. L-R/FR illumination induced non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll a fluorescence and increased the activities of Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle enzymes and cyclic electron flux (CEF) around PSI. In contrast, decreased HY5, ABI5 and RBOH1 transcript levels abolished the positive effect of L-R/FR on Photoprotection. Loss of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 (PGR5)-dependent CEF led to increased photoinhibition and attenuated L-R/FR-dependent NPQ. These data demonstrate that HY5 is an important hub in the cross-talk between light and cold response pathways, integrating ABA and reactive oxygen species signaling leading to the attenuation of photoinhibition by enhanced induction of Photoprotection in shade leaves.
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light signaling dependent regulation of photoinhibition and Photoprotection in tomato
Plant Physiology, 2017Co-Authors: Feng Wang, Luyue Zhang, Golam Jalal Ahammed, Xun Man-xiang, Nan Wu, Jingquan Yu, Christine H Foyer, Xiaoxiao Chen, Jie Zhou, Yanhong ZhouAbstract:Photoreceptor-mediated light signaling plays a critical role in plant growth, development, and stress responses but its contribution to the spatial regulation of photoinhibition and Photoprotection within the canopy remains unclear. Here, we show that low-red/far-red (L-R/FR) ratio light conditions significantly alleviate PSII and PSI photoinhibition in the shade leaves of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. This protection is accompanied by a phytochrome A-dependent induction of LONG HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5). HY5 binds to the promoter of ABA INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), triggering RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG1 (RBOH1)-dependent H2O2 production in the apoplast. Decreased levels of HY5, ABI5, and RBOH1 transcripts increased cold-induced photoinhibition and abolished L-R/FR-induced alleviation of photoinhibition. L-R/FR illumination induced nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll a fluorescence and increased the activities of Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle enzymes and cyclic electron flux (CEF) around PSI. In contrast, decreased HY5, ABI5, and RBOH1 transcript levels abolished the positive effect of L-R/FR on Photoprotection. Loss of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5-dependent CEF led to increased photoinhibition and attenuated L-R/FR-dependent NPQ. These data demonstrate that HY5 is an important hub in the cross talk between light and cold response pathways, integrating ABA and reactive oxygen species signaling, leading to the attenuation of photoinhibition by enhanced induction of Photoprotection in shade leaves.
Martha Canfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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facial Photoprotection in xeroderma pigmentosum xp patients validation of a new self reported questionnaire of adherence
Photodermatology Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, 2020Co-Authors: Martha Canfield, Robert Sarkany, Jessica Walburn, Kirby Sainsbury, N Morrisonbowen, Sam Norton, Vera Araujosoares, John WeinmanAbstract:BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Adherence to Photoprotection is the only way to prevent skin cancers and eye disease in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). No validated self-report questionnaire exists for assessing adherence to Photoprotection practices in individuals with XP. We sought to validate a self-reported measure of adherence to face Photoprotection in this population. METHODS: Sixty six XP patients recruited from the patient list of the XP specialist service in London, UK, completed a questionnaire of adherence to specific Photoprotection behaviours. We measured objective ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure to the face continuously for 21 days with a wristworn UVR electronic dosimeter combined with a daily Photoprotection diary. Reliability and convergent validity of the questionnaire were tested in relation to overall UVR exposure, UVR dose to the face, daily Photoprotection activities, other self-reported Photoprotection practices and clinical ratings of patient's protection. RESULTS: Internal consistency of the questionnaire was satisfactory. Questionnaire total scores were concordant with objective UVR exposure and UVR dose to the face. However, not all participants who reported good/excellent face Photoprotection on the questionnaire recorded high levels of Photoprotection in the daily diary. Correlations between the questionnaire and other practices and the clinical rating ranged from small to large in size. There was no correlation between the level of face Photoprotection and self-reported avoidance of going outside. CONCLUSIONS: Our questionnaire was reliable and had good convergent validity with other indicators of Photoprotection. This questionnaire could assist clinicians to detect low levels of adherence, and the methodology used to develop validated questionnaires for other photosensitive conditions.
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evaluation of a personalised adherence intervention to improve Photoprotection in adults with xeroderma pigmentosum xp protocol for the trial of xpand
BMJ Open, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Robert Sarkany, Myfanwy Morgan, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Sam Norton, Vera Araujosoares, Jakob Heydenreich, Paul MccroneAbstract:Introduction Poor adherence to Photoprotection for people with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) can be life-threatening. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) is being conducted to test the efficacy of a personalised adherence intervention (XPAND) to reduce the level of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the face, by improving Photoprotection activities in adults with XP. Methods and analysis A two-armed parallel groups RCT, where we randomised 24 patients with suboptimal adherence to either an intervention group who received XPAND in 2018 or a delayed intervention group who will receive XPAND in 2019. XPAND involves seven sessions, one-to-one with a facilitator, using behaviour change techniques and specially designed materials to target barriers to Photoprotection. Following baseline assessment in April 2018 (t0) and intervention, the primary outcome will be measured across 21 consecutive days in June and July 2018 (t1). The primary outcome is the average daily UVR dose to the face (D-to-F), calculated by combining objective UVR exposure at the wrist (measured by a dosimeter) with face Photoprotection activities recorded on a daily UVR protection diary. Secondary outcomes include average daily UVR D-to-F across 21 days in August (t2); psychosocial process variables measured by daily questions (t0, t1, t2) and self-report questionnaires (t0, t1, t2, December 2018 (t3)). Intervention cost-utility is assessed by service use and personal cost questionnaires (t0, t3). The delayed intervention control arm participants will complete three further assessments in April 2019 (t4) and June–July 2019 (t5), and December 2019 (t6) with dosimetry and UVR protection diary completed for 21 days at t4 and t5. A process evaluation will be conducted using mixed methods. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been received from West London & GTAC REC 17/LO/2110. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences. This study tests a novel intervention, which, if successful, will be integrated into routine care. Trial registration number NCT03445052; Pre-results.
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psychological correlates of adherence to Photoprotection in a rare disease international survey of people with xeroderma pigmentosum
British Journal of Health Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Alain Sarasin, N Morrisonbowen, Falko F. Sniehotta, Sam Norton, Mark Berneburg, Robert SarkanyAbstract:OBJECTIVES: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an extremely rare genetic disorder (approximately 100 known cases in the United Kingdom), where DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation in daylight cannot be repaired. Adherence to Photoprotection is essential to prevent skin cancer. We investigated psychological correlates of Photoprotection in the XP population of Western Europe and the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of adults with XP and caregivers of patients <16 years and those with cognitive impairment in the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and France (n = 156). METHODS: Photoprotection activities to protect the face and body when outdoors; avoidance of going outside during daylight hours; intention; self-efficacy; and social support were assessed using measures developed for this study. Participants answered questions about their illness representations of XP (BIPQ); beliefs about Photoprotection (BMQ); automaticity (i.e., without conscious effort) (SRBAI); clinical and demographic characteristics. Ordinal logistic regressions determined factors associated with Photoprotection. RESULTS: One third did not achieve optimal face Photoprotection. After controlling for demographic and clinical factors, modifiable correlates of higher Photoprotection included greater perceived control of XP, stronger beliefs in necessity and effectiveness of Photoprotection, and higher intention. Avoidance of going outside was associated with greater Photoprotection concerns, more serious illness consequences, and higher XP-related distress. Greater automaticity and higher self-efficacy were associated with better protection across all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of all known cases across three European countries participated. Identified modifiable predictors of Photoprotection may be targeted by interventions to reduce the incidence of skin cancers in the immediate future, when a treatment breakthrough is unlikely. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Adherence to Photoprotection in other populations at elevated risk from skin cancer is poor; however, the level in XP is unknown. Research across chronic conditions shows that adherence to treatment and lifestyle recommendations are influenced by illness perceptions, self-efficacy, and treatment beliefs. Studies on Photoprotection conducted with the general population have found that perceived risk, perceptions of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection, self-efficacy for the behaviour, and automaticity (behaviours that are enacted with little conscious awareness) are related to better Photoprotection. What does this study add? This is the first international survey to examine adherence and its correlates in people with XP (an under-researched group at very high risk of fatal skin cancer). Adherence varies and at least one third have potential for improvement. Perceptions about XP, Photoprotection beliefs, self-efficacy, intention, and automaticity were associated with Photoprotection of the face and body when outdoors. Negative emotional representations of XP were associated with avoidance of going outside during daylight hours.
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psychological correlates of adherence to Photoprotection in a rare disease international survey of people with xeroderma pigmentosum
British Journal of Health Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Jessica Walburn, Martha Canfield, Kirby Sainsbury, Lesley Foster, Alain Sarasin, N Morrisonbowen, Falko F. Sniehotta, Sam Norton, Mark Berneburg, Robert SarkanyAbstract:OBJECTIVES: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an extremely rare genetic disorder (approximately 100 known cases in the United Kingdom), where DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation in daylight cannot be repaired. Adherence to Photoprotection is essential to prevent skin cancer. We investigated psychological correlates of Photoprotection in the XP population of Western Europe and the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of adults with XP and caregivers of patients <16 years and those with cognitive impairment in the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and France (n = 156). METHODS: Photoprotection activities to protect the face and body when outdoors; avoidance of going outside during daylight hours; intention; self-efficacy; and social support were assessed using measures developed for this study. Participants answered questions about their illness representations of XP (BIPQ); beliefs about Photoprotection (BMQ); automaticity (i.e., without conscious effort) (SRBAI); clinical and demographic characteristics. Ordinal logistic regressions determined factors associated with Photoprotection. RESULTS: One third did not achieve optimal face Photoprotection. After controlling for demographic and clinical factors, modifiable correlates of higher Photoprotection included greater perceived control of XP, stronger beliefs in necessity and effectiveness of Photoprotection, and higher intention. Avoidance of going outside was associated with greater Photoprotection concerns, more serious illness consequences, and higher XP-related distress. Greater automaticity and higher self-efficacy were associated with better protection across all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of all known cases across three European countries participated. Identified modifiable predictors of Photoprotection may be targeted by interventions to reduce the incidence of skin cancers in the immediate future, when a treatment breakthrough is unlikely. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Adherence to Photoprotection in other populations at elevated risk from skin cancer is poor; however, the level in XP is unknown. Research across chronic conditions shows that adherence to treatment and lifestyle recommendations are influenced by illness perceptions, self-efficacy, and treatment beliefs. Studies on Photoprotection conducted with the general population have found that perceived risk, perceptions of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection, self-efficacy for the behaviour, and automaticity (behaviours that are enacted with little conscious awareness) are related to better Photoprotection. What does this study add? This is the first international survey to examine adherence and its correlates in people with XP (an under-researched group at very high risk of fatal skin cancer). Adherence varies and at least one third have potential for improvement. Perceptions about XP, Photoprotection beliefs, self-efficacy, intention, and automaticity were associated with Photoprotection of the face and body when outdoors. Negative emotional representations of XP were associated with avoidance of going outside during daylight hours.