The Experts below are selected from a list of 96 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Juanma Sánchez Arteaga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biological Discourses on Human Races and Scientific Racism in Brazil (1832–1911)
Journal of the History of Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Juanma Sánchez ArteagaAbstract:This paper analyzes biological and scientific discourses about the racial composition of the Brazilian population, between 1832 and 1911. The first of these dates represents Darwin’s first arrival in the South-American country during his voyage on H.M.S. Beagle. The study ends in 1911, with the celebration of the First universal Races congress in London, where the Brazilian Physical Anthropologist J.B. Lacerda predicted the complete extinction of black Brazilians by the year 2012. Contemporary European and North-American racial theories had a profound influence in Brazilian scientific debates on race and miscegenation. These debates also reflected a wider political and cultural concern, shared by most Brazilian scholars, about the future of the Nation. With few known exceptions, Brazilian evolutionists, medical doctors, Physical Anthropologists, and naturalists, considered that the racial composition of the population was a handicap to the commonly shared nationalistic goal of creating a modern and progressive Brazilian Republic.
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Biological Discourses on Human Races and Scientific Racism in Brazil (1832-1911).
Journal of the history of biology, 2016Co-Authors: Juanma Sánchez ArteagaAbstract:This paper analyzes biological and scientific discourses about the racial composition of the Brazilian population, between 1832 and 1911. The first of these dates represents Darwin’s first arrival in the South-American country during his voyage on H.M.S. Beagle. The study ends in 1911, with the celebration of the First universal Races congress in London, where the Brazilian Physical Anthropologist J.B. Lacerda predicted the complete extinction of black Brazilians by the year 2012. Contemporary European and North-American racial theories had a profound influence in Brazilian scientific debates on race and miscegenation. These debates also reflected a wider political and cultural concern, shared by most Brazilian scholars, about the future of the Nation. With few known exceptions, Brazilian evolutionists, medical doctors, Physical Anthropologists, and naturalists, considered that the racial composition of the population was a handicap to the commonly shared nationalistic goal of creating a modern and progressive Brazilian Republic.
Michael L. Blakey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical Anthropologist, Anatomist, and Activist
2016Co-Authors: Lesley M. Rankin-hill, Michael L. BlakeyAbstract:William Montague Cobb's life and work reflect a profound integration of art, literature, social activism, and science. This article presents some of the highlights of his academic development and professional contributions. We have considered his early academic development within the contexts of the formative years of American Physical anthropology, Howard University Medical School, and the social issues in American society that influenced Cobb. His approaches to teaching, anatomical and anthropological research, and medicine are unique, and yet are closely reasoned and creative reflections of the major currents of academe and the broader society with which he dealt. Imbued with a sense of social responsibility, Cobb 's applied anthropology involved the accumulation of extensive data on the one hand, and the formation of organizations for social activism on the other. It was directed toward solving problems of health care and racism. His work thereby served to balance the widespread distortion and neglect of medical and racial problems facing Afro-America between 1930 and the present day. He was also a principal builder of black medical and scientific institutions, and he preserved the record of his coworkers' contributions through his many biographies. This work represents no more than a sketch of his rich and prolific career (during which he produced more than 1,100 publications); the emphasis of this biographical study has been to ascertain the circumstances and attitudes that helped mold the first Afro-American Ph.D. in Physical anthropology.
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w montague cobb 1904 1990 Physical Anthropologist anatomist and activist
American Anthropologist, 1994Co-Authors: Lesley M Rankinhill, Michael L. BlakeyAbstract:William Montague Cobb's life and work reflect a profound integration of art, literature, social activism, and science. This article presents some of the highlights of his academic development and professional contributions. We have considered his early academic development within the contexts of the formative years of American Physical anthropology, Howard University Medical School, and the social issues in American society that influenced Cobb. His approaches to teaching, anatomical and anthropological research, and medicine are unique, and yet are closely reasoned and creative reflections of the major currents of academe and the broader society with which he dealt. Imbued with a sense of social responsibility, Cobb's applied anthropology involved the accumulation of extensive data on the one hand, and the formation of organizations for social activism on the other. It was directed toward solving problems of health care and racism. His work thereby served to balance the widespread distortion and neglect of medical and racial problems facing A fro-America between 1930 and the present day. He was also a principal builder of black medical and scientific institutions, and he preserved the record of his coworkers' contributions through his many biographies. This work represents no more than a sketch of his rich and prolific career (during which he produced more than 1,100 publications); the emphasis of this biographical study has been to ascertain the circumstances and attitudes that helped mold the first Afro-American Ph.D. in Physical anthropology.
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W. Montague Cobb (1904–1990): Physical Anthropologist, Anatomist, and Activist
American Anthropologist, 1994Co-Authors: Lesley M. Rankin-hill, Michael L. BlakeyAbstract:William Montague Cobb's life and work reflect a profound integration of art, literature, social activism, and science. This article presents some of the highlights of his academic development and professional contributions. We have considered his early academic development within the contexts of the formative years of American Physical anthropology, Howard University Medical School, and the social issues in American society that influenced Cobb. His approaches to teaching, anatomical and anthropological research, and medicine are unique, and yet are closely reasoned and creative reflections of the major currents of academe and the broader society with which he dealt. Imbued with a sense of social responsibility, Cobb's applied anthropology involved the accumulation of extensive data on the one hand, and the formation of organizations for social activism on the other. It was directed toward solving problems of health care and racism. His work thereby served to balance the widespread distortion and neglect of medical and racial problems facing A fro-America between 1930 and the present day. He was also a principal builder of black medical and scientific institutions, and he preserved the record of his coworkers' contributions through his many biographies. This work represents no more than a sketch of his rich and prolific career (during which he produced more than 1,100 publications); the emphasis of this biographical study has been to ascertain the circumstances and attitudes that helped mold the first Afro-American Ph.D. in Physical anthropology.
Lesley M. Rankin-hill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical Anthropologist, Anatomist, and Activist
2016Co-Authors: Lesley M. Rankin-hill, Michael L. BlakeyAbstract:William Montague Cobb's life and work reflect a profound integration of art, literature, social activism, and science. This article presents some of the highlights of his academic development and professional contributions. We have considered his early academic development within the contexts of the formative years of American Physical anthropology, Howard University Medical School, and the social issues in American society that influenced Cobb. His approaches to teaching, anatomical and anthropological research, and medicine are unique, and yet are closely reasoned and creative reflections of the major currents of academe and the broader society with which he dealt. Imbued with a sense of social responsibility, Cobb 's applied anthropology involved the accumulation of extensive data on the one hand, and the formation of organizations for social activism on the other. It was directed toward solving problems of health care and racism. His work thereby served to balance the widespread distortion and neglect of medical and racial problems facing Afro-America between 1930 and the present day. He was also a principal builder of black medical and scientific institutions, and he preserved the record of his coworkers' contributions through his many biographies. This work represents no more than a sketch of his rich and prolific career (during which he produced more than 1,100 publications); the emphasis of this biographical study has been to ascertain the circumstances and attitudes that helped mold the first Afro-American Ph.D. in Physical anthropology.
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W. Montague Cobb (1904–1990): Physical Anthropologist, Anatomist, and Activist
American Anthropologist, 1994Co-Authors: Lesley M. Rankin-hill, Michael L. BlakeyAbstract:William Montague Cobb's life and work reflect a profound integration of art, literature, social activism, and science. This article presents some of the highlights of his academic development and professional contributions. We have considered his early academic development within the contexts of the formative years of American Physical anthropology, Howard University Medical School, and the social issues in American society that influenced Cobb. His approaches to teaching, anatomical and anthropological research, and medicine are unique, and yet are closely reasoned and creative reflections of the major currents of academe and the broader society with which he dealt. Imbued with a sense of social responsibility, Cobb's applied anthropology involved the accumulation of extensive data on the one hand, and the formation of organizations for social activism on the other. It was directed toward solving problems of health care and racism. His work thereby served to balance the widespread distortion and neglect of medical and racial problems facing A fro-America between 1930 and the present day. He was also a principal builder of black medical and scientific institutions, and he preserved the record of his coworkers' contributions through his many biographies. This work represents no more than a sketch of his rich and prolific career (during which he produced more than 1,100 publications); the emphasis of this biographical study has been to ascertain the circumstances and attitudes that helped mold the first Afro-American Ph.D. in Physical anthropology.
Warwick Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hybridity, race, and science: the voyage of the Zaca, 1934-1935.
Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences, 2012Co-Authors: Warwick AndersonAbstract:ABSTRACTIn 1929 and 1934–1935, the Physical Anthropologist Harry L. Shapiro voyaged in the South Seas on the Mahina-I-Te-Pua and the Zaca, measuring mixed-race islanders, including the descendants of the Bounty mutineers on Pitcairn Island. His research in Polynesian hybridity reflects the growing cultural and scientific investment of the United States in the Pacific during this period. Shapiro's oceanic adventures and intimate encounters prompted him to discount typological speculation and emphasize instead the liberal Boasian program in Physical anthropology, giving him the confidence to refigure his evaluations of racial difference. The seaborne investigatory enterprise came to influence U.S. racial thought, adding impetus to the condemnation of racism in science. On his return from the South Seas, Shapiro tried to get his fellow Physical Anthropologists to issue a manifesto opposing the harnessing of their science to racial discrimination and prejudice.
Christy G. Turner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Technique and Application in Dental Anthropology: History of dental anthropology
Technique and Application in Dental Anthropology, 2008Co-Authors: G. Richard Scott, Christy G. TurnerAbstract:Introduction In 1991, Albert A. Dahlberg wrote “Historical perspective of dental anthropology” for the volume Advances in Dental Anthropology (Kelley and Larsen, 1991). A few years later, the senior author (Scott, 1997) wrote an historical paper on “Dental anthropology” for Frank Spencer's 1997 edited volume on the History of Physical Anthropology . Dahlberg was both a dentist and a pioneer in the field of dental anthropology. Because of those two abiding interests, his historical treatment focused as much on developments in oral biology as on the history of dental anthropology per se. Scott, a Physical Anthropologist, dealt with the early history of dental research, but the overall focus of his article revolved around the manner in which teeth have been used in anthropological research. Given the recency of these two articles, we do not want to simply reiterate points already made. Moreover, in no way is this general contribution comparable to articles on the history of dental anthropology in circumscribed geographic areas, such as those written for Australia (Brown, 1992, 1998) and Hungary (Kosa, 1993). We applaud these efforts and encourage other workers to document the history of the field in their country or region. Our goal is to focus broadly on the growth of dental anthropology during the twentieth century and comment on potential directions in the twenty-first century.