Phytoseiidae

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Marie-stéphane Tixier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Phytoseiid mites of Slovenia (Acari: Mesostigmata): new records and first description of the male of Amblyseius microorientalis
    Acarologia, 2020
    Co-Authors: Serge Kreiter, Karima Amiri, Martial Douin, Tanja Bohinc, Stanislav Trdan, Marie-stéphane Tixier
    Abstract:

    Slovenia is a small country of Central Europe. Until recently, only limited surveys had been carried out of the Phytoseiidae fauna. The occurrence of 14 species had been documented in two international papers: 6 belonging to the subfamily Amblyseiinae, 1 to the subfamily Phytoseiinae and 7 to the subfamily Typhlodrominae. Four additional species (3 Amblyseiinae and 1 Phytoseiinae) were recorded and published recently but in a national journal and not mentioned in the world online database of Phytoseiidae. Here, we present results from 2018 and 2019 field surveys and add a total of 22 new records (18 if we consider national published records): 14 Amblyseiinae, 3 Phytoseiinae and 5 Typhlodrominae. The Phytoseiidae fauna of Slovenia contains after our study 36 species: 20 Amblyseiinae, 4 Phytoseiinae and 12 Typhlodrominae. Among the 22 new record species, at least 8 species are well-known biological control agents (BCA). In addition to the intrinsic value of phytoseiid mite biodiversity in temperate environments, demonstration of the natural occurrence of efficient BCAs is of great agricultural, commercial and strategic interests.

  • Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) on plants of the family Solanaceae: results of a survey in the south of France and a review of world biodiversity
    Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Marie-stéphane Tixier, Martial Douin, Serge Kreiter
    Abstract:

    Species of the family Phytoseiidae are predators of pest mites and small insects. Their biodiversity is not equally known according to regions and supporting plants. This paper focuses on Phytoseiidae species on plants of the family Solanaceae. The Solanaceae contain many cultivated plants, for example tomato on which leaf characteristics hinder Phy-toseiidae settlement and dispersal. This study presents (i) results of surveys carried out on Solanaceae in the south of France, and (ii) Phytoseiidae biodiversity on Solanaceae worldwide. Eleven species were retrieved on 20 solanaceous plants in the south of France with four main species: Euseius gallicus, Euseius stipulatus, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) recki. The global analysis suggests that much more species might be found enhancing sampling efforts, whatever the biogeographic region considered. Five Phytoseiidae genera concentrate the highest number of reports and species [Ambly-seius, Neoseiulus, Euseius, Phytoseius and Typhlodromus (Anthoseius)]. These genera are not evolutionarily related; adaptation on Solanaceae seems to be recent, except in the Neotropical region. The latter region represents the highest number of reports, species and Solanaceae plants sampled, probably as the centre of origin of this plant family. Occurrence probabilities in biogeographic regions and plant genera are provided as a baseline for searching for new predators adapted to Solanaceae.

  • Integrative taxonomy approach for analysing evolutionary history of the tribe Euseiini Chant & McMurtry (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
    Systematics and Biodiversity, 2018
    Co-Authors: Victor Vicente Dos Santos, Marie-stéphane Tixier
    Abstract:

    Phylogenetic relationships within the mite Family Phytoseiidae are little known. The presently accepted classification is based on the opinion of specialists, but not on cladistics analysis. The pr...

  • Great molecular variation within the species Phytoseius finitimus (Acari: Phytoseiidae): implications for diagnosis decision within the mite family Phytoseiidae
    Acarologia, 2017
    Co-Authors: Marie-stéphane Tixier, Carlo Duso, Martial Douin, Victor Dos Santos Vicent, Serge Kreiter
    Abstract:

    Molecular markers are increasingly used for species identification and new taxa description. However, rules to determine frontiers between populations and species are not clear depending on taxa considered. For mites, few studies deal with molecular diagnoses, making rules for associated decision difficult. The present study focuses on a species of the predatory mite family Phytoseiidae (Phytoseius finitimus), considered for biological control of mites and small insect pests in fruit orchards and vineyards in the Mediterranean basin. This paper aims to elucidate the causes of great molecular variations and questions the occurrence of cryptic species. Molecular (12S rRNA, CytB mtDNA, ITSS) and morphological analyses were performed on four populations collected in Corsica and Italy in crops (vine and kiwi) and in an uncultivated environment (Viburnum lantana). Different methods for identifying species have been used (tree approaches, distances and ABGD algorithms). A reference database of distances within and between Phytoseiidae species has been elaborated to inform the present question and to assist with further diagnosis within Acari. Mitochondrial DNA analyses show that specimens from V. lantana were well separated from the three other populations with high genetic distances, suggesting the existence of a cryptic species. Molecular ITSS analyses coupled with morphological features show however that the four populations seem to belong to the same species. The great mitochondrial polymorphism is discussed in regards to: (i) genetic distances reported for Phytoseiidae species and (ii) potential biological differences between populations (cultivated versus uncultivated areas). This study clearly emphasizes the necessity of integrative taxonomy approaches for diagnosis decisions. Furthermore, based on the polymorphism herein detected, maximal intraspecific distances are proposed (9, 23 and 2.8 % for 12S rRNA, CytB mtDNA and ITSS) for diagnosis decisions within Phytoseiidae. Further statistical analyses are however clearly required to determine statistical error for general and reliable decision making.

  • Sustainable weed management and predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) dynamics in Tunisian citrus orchards
    Acarologia, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hajer Sahraoui, Serge Kreiter, Kaouthar Lebdi-grissa, Marie-stéphane Tixier
    Abstract:

    The impact of agroecological weed management on predatory mites (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) is more and more studied. Based on surveys carried out in two experimental sites in Tunisian citrus orchards, this study aims: (i) to compare Phytoseiidae communities on citrus trees and weeds, (ii) to determine dispersal between agrosystem compartments and (iii) to assess the impact of weed management on Phytoseiidae communities. Samples were collected on trees and weeds; dispersal between ground cover and trees was surveyed using traps along tree trunks. Euseius stipulatus and, to a lesser extend, Iphiseius degenerans were the main species on citrus trees. Phytoseiidae were observed in weeds, with diversity and densities varying according to plant species. Phytoseiidae species in weeds were globally similar to those observed on trees. Phytoseiidae were trapped along the trunk; however higher dispersal was observed from weeds to trees than from trees to weeds. In one survey, species moving up the trees were not the same as those present on trees. With respect to weed management strategies, it seems that ploughed plots favour Phytoseiidae mite dispersal from weeds to trees with consequent increases in densities on trees. This weeding strategy therefore requires more attention to determine how its schedule can enhance biological control.

Serge Kreiter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Phytoseiid mites of Slovenia (Acari: Mesostigmata): new records and first description of the male of Amblyseius microorientalis
    Acarologia, 2020
    Co-Authors: Serge Kreiter, Karima Amiri, Martial Douin, Tanja Bohinc, Stanislav Trdan, Marie-stéphane Tixier
    Abstract:

    Slovenia is a small country of Central Europe. Until recently, only limited surveys had been carried out of the Phytoseiidae fauna. The occurrence of 14 species had been documented in two international papers: 6 belonging to the subfamily Amblyseiinae, 1 to the subfamily Phytoseiinae and 7 to the subfamily Typhlodrominae. Four additional species (3 Amblyseiinae and 1 Phytoseiinae) were recorded and published recently but in a national journal and not mentioned in the world online database of Phytoseiidae. Here, we present results from 2018 and 2019 field surveys and add a total of 22 new records (18 if we consider national published records): 14 Amblyseiinae, 3 Phytoseiinae and 5 Typhlodrominae. The Phytoseiidae fauna of Slovenia contains after our study 36 species: 20 Amblyseiinae, 4 Phytoseiinae and 12 Typhlodrominae. Among the 22 new record species, at least 8 species are well-known biological control agents (BCA). In addition to the intrinsic value of phytoseiid mite biodiversity in temperate environments, demonstration of the natural occurrence of efficient BCAs is of great agricultural, commercial and strategic interests.

  • Phytoseiidae of La Réunion Island (Acari: Mesostigmata): three new species and two males described, new synonymies, and new records
    Acarologia, 2020
    Co-Authors: Serge Kreiter, Martial Douin, Rose-my Payet, Olivier Fontaine, Jacques Fillâtre, Fabrice Le Bellec
    Abstract:

    The Indian Ocean includes several Islands and Archipelagos and a survey of the fauna of Phytoseiidae was realized recently in these poorly known territories, despite La Réunion Island is located in an area being a hotspot of biodiversity. The Phytoseiidae fauna of La Réunion Island has been poorly investigated so far with only 33-recorded species including 24 Amblyseiinae, 5 Phytoseiinae and 4 Typhlodrominae, among which 8 species that had been described as new. All data concerning La Réunion have been published in nine papers until now. New results of surveys done recently (2015-2018) are presented in this tenth paper and add 19 newly recorded species among which 3 are new to Science and 21 already known species but with additional data. Among these 19 species, at least nine are already well known as biological control agents (BCA). Demonstration of the natural occurrence of already known efficient BCA in these territories is consequently of great agricultural and commercial interests, in addition of the contribution to fundamental knowledge of biodiversity of these poorly known territories.

  • Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) on plants of the family Solanaceae: results of a survey in the south of France and a review of world biodiversity
    Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Marie-stéphane Tixier, Martial Douin, Serge Kreiter
    Abstract:

    Species of the family Phytoseiidae are predators of pest mites and small insects. Their biodiversity is not equally known according to regions and supporting plants. This paper focuses on Phytoseiidae species on plants of the family Solanaceae. The Solanaceae contain many cultivated plants, for example tomato on which leaf characteristics hinder Phy-toseiidae settlement and dispersal. This study presents (i) results of surveys carried out on Solanaceae in the south of France, and (ii) Phytoseiidae biodiversity on Solanaceae worldwide. Eleven species were retrieved on 20 solanaceous plants in the south of France with four main species: Euseius gallicus, Euseius stipulatus, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) recki. The global analysis suggests that much more species might be found enhancing sampling efforts, whatever the biogeographic region considered. Five Phytoseiidae genera concentrate the highest number of reports and species [Ambly-seius, Neoseiulus, Euseius, Phytoseius and Typhlodromus (Anthoseius)]. These genera are not evolutionarily related; adaptation on Solanaceae seems to be recent, except in the Neotropical region. The latter region represents the highest number of reports, species and Solanaceae plants sampled, probably as the centre of origin of this plant family. Occurrence probabilities in biogeographic regions and plant genera are provided as a baseline for searching for new predators adapted to Solanaceae.

  • Great molecular variation within the species Phytoseius finitimus (Acari: Phytoseiidae): implications for diagnosis decision within the mite family Phytoseiidae
    Acarologia, 2017
    Co-Authors: Marie-stéphane Tixier, Carlo Duso, Martial Douin, Victor Dos Santos Vicent, Serge Kreiter
    Abstract:

    Molecular markers are increasingly used for species identification and new taxa description. However, rules to determine frontiers between populations and species are not clear depending on taxa considered. For mites, few studies deal with molecular diagnoses, making rules for associated decision difficult. The present study focuses on a species of the predatory mite family Phytoseiidae (Phytoseius finitimus), considered for biological control of mites and small insect pests in fruit orchards and vineyards in the Mediterranean basin. This paper aims to elucidate the causes of great molecular variations and questions the occurrence of cryptic species. Molecular (12S rRNA, CytB mtDNA, ITSS) and morphological analyses were performed on four populations collected in Corsica and Italy in crops (vine and kiwi) and in an uncultivated environment (Viburnum lantana). Different methods for identifying species have been used (tree approaches, distances and ABGD algorithms). A reference database of distances within and between Phytoseiidae species has been elaborated to inform the present question and to assist with further diagnosis within Acari. Mitochondrial DNA analyses show that specimens from V. lantana were well separated from the three other populations with high genetic distances, suggesting the existence of a cryptic species. Molecular ITSS analyses coupled with morphological features show however that the four populations seem to belong to the same species. The great mitochondrial polymorphism is discussed in regards to: (i) genetic distances reported for Phytoseiidae species and (ii) potential biological differences between populations (cultivated versus uncultivated areas). This study clearly emphasizes the necessity of integrative taxonomy approaches for diagnosis decisions. Furthermore, based on the polymorphism herein detected, maximal intraspecific distances are proposed (9, 23 and 2.8 % for 12S rRNA, CytB mtDNA and ITSS) for diagnosis decisions within Phytoseiidae. Further statistical analyses are however clearly required to determine statistical error for general and reliable decision making.

  • Sustainable weed management and predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) dynamics in Tunisian citrus orchards
    Acarologia, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hajer Sahraoui, Serge Kreiter, Kaouthar Lebdi-grissa, Marie-stéphane Tixier
    Abstract:

    The impact of agroecological weed management on predatory mites (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) is more and more studied. Based on surveys carried out in two experimental sites in Tunisian citrus orchards, this study aims: (i) to compare Phytoseiidae communities on citrus trees and weeds, (ii) to determine dispersal between agrosystem compartments and (iii) to assess the impact of weed management on Phytoseiidae communities. Samples were collected on trees and weeds; dispersal between ground cover and trees was surveyed using traps along tree trunks. Euseius stipulatus and, to a lesser extend, Iphiseius degenerans were the main species on citrus trees. Phytoseiidae were observed in weeds, with diversity and densities varying according to plant species. Phytoseiidae species in weeds were globally similar to those observed on trees. Phytoseiidae were trapped along the trunk; however higher dispersal was observed from weeds to trees than from trees to weeds. In one survey, species moving up the trees were not the same as those present on trees. With respect to weed management strategies, it seems that ploughed plots favour Phytoseiidae mite dispersal from weeds to trees with consequent increases in densities on trees. This weeding strategy therefore requires more attention to determine how its schedule can enhance biological control.

I. Omeri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Fabio Akashi Hernandes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The first electronic polytomous key to the world species of the subgenus Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) De Leon (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
    Zootaxa, 2012
    Co-Authors: Fabio Akashi Hernandes, Serge Kreiter, Marie-stéphane Tixier
    Abstract:

    This paper describes the first polytomous computerised identification key within the family Phytoseiidae. It applies to the females of the world species of the subgenus Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) De Leon. This group is one of the largest within the family Phytoseiidae and the sub-family Typhlodrominae, with nearly 350 species currently recognised worldwide. No identification tool of these species exists at the world level, which makes their identification very difficult and unsecure. Thirty five characters were used to characterise each of the 343 species. Among these characters, 14 are discrete and 21 are continuous. The polytomous key was constructed using the free software DELTA 1.04 (DEscription Language for TAxonomy) and is freely available at the web site: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/Phytoseiidae/anthoseiuskeypresentation.html. We hope that this work will open new perspectives for the identification of species of other genera (especially the largest ones, e.g. Neoseiulus, Euseius, Amblyseius) which contains more than 150 species and for which no key presently exists. We also expect that the present work will make the identification of the world species of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) easier and more secure. Finally, we expect a contribution from the whole Phytoseiidae scientist community to improve subsequent versions of the key.

  • The puzzle of DNA sequences of Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) in the public GenBank database
    Invertebrate Systematics, 2011
    Co-Authors: Marie-stéphane Tixier, Fabio Akashi Hernandes, Sabine Guichou, Serge Kreiter
    Abstract:

    The public database GenBank is an increasingly important source of sequence data for diagnostic and phylogenetic research; however, not all deposited sequences are necessarily correctly ascribed to a source species. We considered the example of the mite family Phytoseiidae to determine how the corresponding sequences could be accurately exploited. Phytoseiidae mites are well known worldwide for their ability to control certain mite and insect pests. The number of molecular approaches, especially for diagnostic purposes, has increased over the past decade, leading to an increase in the number of sequences registered in the GenBank database. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the validity of the DNA sequences presently assigned to Phytoseiidae species in this database. Three hundred and fifty-one sequences, corresponding to the four most frequently registered DNA fragments (ITS, COI, Cytb and 12S rRNA), were considered. DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing were performed for the fragments 12S rRNA and ITS for Amblyseius andersoni, A. swirskii, Iphiseius degenerans, Euseius ovalis, E. stipulatus, Neoseiulus cucumeris and Typhlodromus pyri, as some identifications were questionable. Numerous problems were evident based on genetic distance analyses of these sequences. First, nomenclatural problems were encountered, preventing the correct identification of the taxa sequenced in one case. Suspected misidentifications were frequent, stressing the importance of voucher specimen availability. For the 12S rRNA fragment, sequences assigned to three Phytoseiidae species were those of their prey (Astigmata), underlining the care that must be taken when manipulating the DNA of such predators (sterile conditions and specific PCR primers). Finally, sequences of two regions of the COI mtDNA were encountered, leading to alignment problems between sequences of a same gene and same species. These results are discussed in relation to responsibilities of authors in terms of taxon identification and the great utility of open access DNA sequence databases, such as GenBank, for improving taxonomic identifications and advancing scientific research.

L. Kolodochka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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