The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Derrick M. Oosterhuis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of water-deficit stress and genotypes on Pinitol occurrence in soybean plants
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 1997Co-Authors: Changxin Guo, Derrick M. OosterhuisAbstract:Abstract Pinitol (3-O-methyl-D-chiro-inositol) has been found to accumulate significantly in a number of plant species under water-deficit stress, but its importance in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) stress tolerance is not known. It has been hypothesized that an increased Pinitol level in the plant may be associated with improved stress tolerance. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effect of water-deficit stress on Pinitol content in soybean plants, and the relationship between Pinitol accumulation and plant tolerance to water deficit. Field and controlled environment studies were conducted under well watered and water-stressed conditions with different soybean genotypes. Pinitol content in the plant material was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Water-deficit stress significantly increased Pinitol content in soybean leaves and stems in some genotypes. Increase in the Pinitol content in response to water deficit differed among soybean genotypes, and those more tolerant to water deficit tended to accumulate more Pinitol. The Pinitol:sucrose ratio increased with water deficit, indicating that Pinitol was preferentially accumulated in response to the stressor. The plant growth regulators, Atonik, PHCA and PGR-IV, did not affect Pinitol content in the plant. It was concluded that Pinitol was an important stress metabolite in soybean plants, and its accumulation may be related to plant tolerance to water-deficit stress.
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Pinitol occurrence in soybean plants as affected by temperature and plant growth regulators
Journal of Experimental Botany, 1995Co-Authors: Changxin Guo, Derrick M. OosterhuisAbstract:Unsuitable temperatures are frequently encountered by soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) plants grown in the field. Certain polyols have been reported to protect plants from high temperature or frost damage. Controlled environment studies were conducted to investigate the effect of stressful temperature regimes on the content of Pinitol (3-O-methyl-D-chiro-inositol) in soybean plants. Hydroponically-grown soybean plants were subjected to high (35/30 o C) or low (15/10 o C) day/night temperature stresses, and Pinitol content in different plant parts was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A synthetic plant growth regulator, PGR-IV, was foliarly applied to the plants to evaluate its effect on Pinitol content in different plant components. Uniformlylabelled 14 C-glucose was fed into the leaves via the transpiration stream, and the effects of high temperature and EXP-S1089, another synthetic plant growth regulator, on the incorporation of 14 C-glucose into Pinitol was evaluated using HPLC separation and scintillation spectrometry. High-temperature stress significantly increased plant Pinitol content and the incorporation of 14 C-glucose into Pinitol, but decreased the content of sucrose, glucose and fructose. Under low-temperature stress, there was hardly any change in Pinitol content, but a drastic increase in soluble sugars. PGR-IV enhanced Pinitol translocation from leaves to stems and roots, while EXP-S1089 increased Pinitol/sucrose ratio. Accumulation of Pinitol may be an adjustment mechanism of the plant to reduce hightemperature damage, but not low-temperature injuries
S Subramanian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of d Pinitol on the attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and protection of kidney tissue ultrastructure in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2010Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, P Palsamy, S SubramanianAbstract:Abstract Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the progression and development of diabetes and its complications due to chronic hyperglycemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the kidney tissue protective nature of d -Pinitol, a cyclitol present in soybean, by assessing the key markers of hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and ultrastructural alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of d -Pinitol (50 mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days to diabetic group of rats showed a significant elevation in the level of total protein and significant decline in the levels of blood urea, serum uric acid, creatinine and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and kidney proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB p65 subunit and nitrite. Further, d -Pinitol administration elicited a significant attenuation in the activities of kidney enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the levels of kidney non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the diabetic group of rats, with a concomitant decline in the levels of kidney lipid peroxides, hydroperoxides and protein carbonyls. The histological and ultrastructural observations on the kidney tissues also confirmed the renoprotective nature of d -Pinitol. Thus the present study demonstrated the renoprotective nature of d -Pinitol by attenuating the hyperglycemia-mediated proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidant competence in kidney tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
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impact of d Pinitol on the attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and protection of kidney tissue ultrastructure in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2010Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, P Palsamy, S SubramanianAbstract:Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the progression and development of diabetes and its complications due to chronic hyperglycemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the kidney tissue protective nature of d-Pinitol, a cyclitol present in soybean, by assessing the key markers of hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and ultrastructural alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of d-Pinitol (50mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days to diabetic group of rats showed a significant elevation in the level of total protein and significant decline in the levels of blood urea, serum uric acid, creatinine and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and kidney proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB p65 subunit and nitrite. Further, d-Pinitol administration elicited a significant attenuation in the activities of kidney enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the levels of kidney non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the diabetic group of rats, with a concomitant decline in the levels of kidney lipid peroxides, hydroperoxides and protein carbonyls. The histological and ultrastructural observations on the kidney tissues also confirmed the renoprotective nature of d-Pinitol. Thus the present study demonstrated the renoprotective nature of d-Pinitol by attenuating the hyperglycemia-mediated proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidant competence in kidney tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
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attenuation of oxidative stress and alteration of hepatic tissue ultrastructure by d Pinitol in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Free Radical Research, 2010Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, P Palsamy, S SubramanianAbstract:The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of D-Pinitol on hyperglycaemia mediated oxidative stress by analysing the hepatic antioxidant competence, pro-inflammatory cytokines and ultrastructural changes in liver tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of D-Pinitol (50 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in significant (p < 0.05) attenuation in blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin and pro-inflammatory markers such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB p65 unit and NO and significant (p < 0.05) elevation in the plasma insulin level. In addition, D-Pinitol instigated a significant escalation in the levels of hepatic tissue non-enzymatic antioxidants and the activities enzymatic antioxidants of diabetic rats with significant (p < 0.05) decrease in lipid peroxides and hydroperoxides formation, thus demonstrating the protective role of D-Pinitol on the hepatic tissues from oxidative stress-induced liver damage. These biochemical observations were complemented by histological and ultrastructural examination of liver section. Thus, the present study demonstrates the hepatoprotective nature of D-Pinitol by attenuating hyperglycaemia-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress.
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pancreatic tissue protective nature of d Pinitol studied in streptozotocin mediated oxidative stress in experimental diabetic rats
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2009Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, S SubramanianAbstract:The present study was aimed to investigate the possible pancreatic tissue protective nature of D-Pinitol, a cyclitol present in soybean, against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by assaying the activity of pancreatic enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the levels of plasma non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, ceruloplasmin and reduced glutathione (GSH). To assess the extent of oxidative stress, the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and hydroperoxides in both plasma and pancreatic tissues were also measured. A significant increase in the levels of both lipid peroxides and hydroperoxides with a concomitant decrease in antioxidant status was observed in the diabetic rats when compared to control rats. Oral administration of D-Pinitol (50 mg/kg b.w./day for 30 days), a major cyclitol present in soybean, ameliorates the free radical-mediated alterations to near normalcy. The pancreatic tissue protective nature of D-Pinitol was further evidenced by histological observations. The results were statistically comparable with glyclazide, a standard hypoglycemic drug. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that D-Pinitol protects the pancreatic tissue from free radical-mediated oxidative stress in addition to its antidiabetic property.
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d Pinitol attenuates the impaired activities of hepatic key enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
General Physiology and Biophysics, 2009Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, S SubramanianAbstract:During diabetes mellitus, endogenous hepatic glucose production is increased as a result of impaired activities of the key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, which leads to the condition known as hyperglycemia. D-Pinitol, a bioactive constituent isolated from soybeans, has been shown to reduce hyperglycemia in experimental diabetes. We therefore designed this study to investigate the effect of oral administration of D-Pinitol (50 mg/kg b. w. for 30 days) on the activities of key enzymes in carbohydrate and glycogen metabolism in the liver tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The efficacy was compared with glyclazide, a standard hypoglycemic drug. Oral administration of D-Pinitol to diabetic group of rats showed a marked decrease in the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and an increase in plasma insulin and body weight. The activities of the hepatic enzymes such as hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycogen synthase and hepatic glycogen content were significantly (p < 0.05) increased whereas the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and glycogen phosphorylase were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in diabetic rats treated with D-Pinitol. The results suggest that alterations in the activities of key metabolic enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism could be one of the biochemical rationale by which D-Pinitol attenuates the hyperglycemic effect in diabetic rats.
Angel Berna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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study of kinetics of the d Pinitol extraction from carob pods using supercritical co2
Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2014Co-Authors: Amparo Chafer, Angel BernaAbstract:Abstract There is a growing interest in the use of d -Pinitol ( d -3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol) as a food supplement, thus the use of green and efficient process, such as the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), to isolate d -Pinitol from vegetable raw materials is also an interesting area of research and development. The objective of this work was to study the influence of operating conditions on the SFE of d -Pinitol from carob pods. The crucial parameters in SFE, like temperature, pressure, CO 2 flow rate and duration of the process, have been studied. Finally, Naik and Barton models have successfully tested in order to fit the experimental extraction curves.
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d Pinitol solubility in supercritical co2 experimental data and correlation
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2006Co-Authors: Amparo Chafer, Tiziana Fornari, And Roumiana P Stateva, Angel BernaAbstract:Measurements of d-Pinitol solubility in supercritical CO2 in the temperature range (313 to 333) K and pressures ranging from 10 to 40 MPa are reported for the first time in this work. Two different thermodynamic models are applied to correlate the experimental d-Pinitol solubilities: a cubic-type equation of state (the Soave−Redlich−Kong, SRK) and a model based on the group contribution approach (the Group Contribution Equation of State, GC-EoS). Both models demonstrate high capability to describe the solid−gas-phase equilibria of this system. In addition, values for the thermophysical properties, sublimation pressure, and solid molar volume of d-Pinitol are also given.
Changxin Guo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of water-deficit stress and genotypes on Pinitol occurrence in soybean plants
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 1997Co-Authors: Changxin Guo, Derrick M. OosterhuisAbstract:Abstract Pinitol (3-O-methyl-D-chiro-inositol) has been found to accumulate significantly in a number of plant species under water-deficit stress, but its importance in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) stress tolerance is not known. It has been hypothesized that an increased Pinitol level in the plant may be associated with improved stress tolerance. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effect of water-deficit stress on Pinitol content in soybean plants, and the relationship between Pinitol accumulation and plant tolerance to water deficit. Field and controlled environment studies were conducted under well watered and water-stressed conditions with different soybean genotypes. Pinitol content in the plant material was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Water-deficit stress significantly increased Pinitol content in soybean leaves and stems in some genotypes. Increase in the Pinitol content in response to water deficit differed among soybean genotypes, and those more tolerant to water deficit tended to accumulate more Pinitol. The Pinitol:sucrose ratio increased with water deficit, indicating that Pinitol was preferentially accumulated in response to the stressor. The plant growth regulators, Atonik, PHCA and PGR-IV, did not affect Pinitol content in the plant. It was concluded that Pinitol was an important stress metabolite in soybean plants, and its accumulation may be related to plant tolerance to water-deficit stress.
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Pinitol occurrence in soybean plants as affected by temperature and plant growth regulators
Journal of Experimental Botany, 1995Co-Authors: Changxin Guo, Derrick M. OosterhuisAbstract:Unsuitable temperatures are frequently encountered by soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) plants grown in the field. Certain polyols have been reported to protect plants from high temperature or frost damage. Controlled environment studies were conducted to investigate the effect of stressful temperature regimes on the content of Pinitol (3-O-methyl-D-chiro-inositol) in soybean plants. Hydroponically-grown soybean plants were subjected to high (35/30 o C) or low (15/10 o C) day/night temperature stresses, and Pinitol content in different plant parts was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A synthetic plant growth regulator, PGR-IV, was foliarly applied to the plants to evaluate its effect on Pinitol content in different plant components. Uniformlylabelled 14 C-glucose was fed into the leaves via the transpiration stream, and the effects of high temperature and EXP-S1089, another synthetic plant growth regulator, on the incorporation of 14 C-glucose into Pinitol was evaluated using HPLC separation and scintillation spectrometry. High-temperature stress significantly increased plant Pinitol content and the incorporation of 14 C-glucose into Pinitol, but decreased the content of sucrose, glucose and fructose. Under low-temperature stress, there was hardly any change in Pinitol content, but a drastic increase in soluble sugars. PGR-IV enhanced Pinitol translocation from leaves to stems and roots, while EXP-S1089 increased Pinitol/sucrose ratio. Accumulation of Pinitol may be an adjustment mechanism of the plant to reduce hightemperature damage, but not low-temperature injuries
Selvaraj Sivakumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of d Pinitol on the attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and protection of kidney tissue ultrastructure in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2010Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, P Palsamy, S SubramanianAbstract:Abstract Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the progression and development of diabetes and its complications due to chronic hyperglycemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the kidney tissue protective nature of d -Pinitol, a cyclitol present in soybean, by assessing the key markers of hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and ultrastructural alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of d -Pinitol (50 mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days to diabetic group of rats showed a significant elevation in the level of total protein and significant decline in the levels of blood urea, serum uric acid, creatinine and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and kidney proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB p65 subunit and nitrite. Further, d -Pinitol administration elicited a significant attenuation in the activities of kidney enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the levels of kidney non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the diabetic group of rats, with a concomitant decline in the levels of kidney lipid peroxides, hydroperoxides and protein carbonyls. The histological and ultrastructural observations on the kidney tissues also confirmed the renoprotective nature of d -Pinitol. Thus the present study demonstrated the renoprotective nature of d -Pinitol by attenuating the hyperglycemia-mediated proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidant competence in kidney tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
-
impact of d Pinitol on the attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and protection of kidney tissue ultrastructure in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2010Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, P Palsamy, S SubramanianAbstract:Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the progression and development of diabetes and its complications due to chronic hyperglycemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the kidney tissue protective nature of d-Pinitol, a cyclitol present in soybean, by assessing the key markers of hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and ultrastructural alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of d-Pinitol (50mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days to diabetic group of rats showed a significant elevation in the level of total protein and significant decline in the levels of blood urea, serum uric acid, creatinine and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and kidney proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB p65 subunit and nitrite. Further, d-Pinitol administration elicited a significant attenuation in the activities of kidney enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the levels of kidney non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the diabetic group of rats, with a concomitant decline in the levels of kidney lipid peroxides, hydroperoxides and protein carbonyls. The histological and ultrastructural observations on the kidney tissues also confirmed the renoprotective nature of d-Pinitol. Thus the present study demonstrated the renoprotective nature of d-Pinitol by attenuating the hyperglycemia-mediated proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidant competence in kidney tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
-
attenuation of oxidative stress and alteration of hepatic tissue ultrastructure by d Pinitol in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Free Radical Research, 2010Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, P Palsamy, S SubramanianAbstract:The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of D-Pinitol on hyperglycaemia mediated oxidative stress by analysing the hepatic antioxidant competence, pro-inflammatory cytokines and ultrastructural changes in liver tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of D-Pinitol (50 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in significant (p < 0.05) attenuation in blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin and pro-inflammatory markers such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB p65 unit and NO and significant (p < 0.05) elevation in the plasma insulin level. In addition, D-Pinitol instigated a significant escalation in the levels of hepatic tissue non-enzymatic antioxidants and the activities enzymatic antioxidants of diabetic rats with significant (p < 0.05) decrease in lipid peroxides and hydroperoxides formation, thus demonstrating the protective role of D-Pinitol on the hepatic tissues from oxidative stress-induced liver damage. These biochemical observations were complemented by histological and ultrastructural examination of liver section. Thus, the present study demonstrates the hepatoprotective nature of D-Pinitol by attenuating hyperglycaemia-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress.
-
pancreatic tissue protective nature of d Pinitol studied in streptozotocin mediated oxidative stress in experimental diabetic rats
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2009Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, S SubramanianAbstract:The present study was aimed to investigate the possible pancreatic tissue protective nature of D-Pinitol, a cyclitol present in soybean, against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by assaying the activity of pancreatic enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the levels of plasma non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, ceruloplasmin and reduced glutathione (GSH). To assess the extent of oxidative stress, the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and hydroperoxides in both plasma and pancreatic tissues were also measured. A significant increase in the levels of both lipid peroxides and hydroperoxides with a concomitant decrease in antioxidant status was observed in the diabetic rats when compared to control rats. Oral administration of D-Pinitol (50 mg/kg b.w./day for 30 days), a major cyclitol present in soybean, ameliorates the free radical-mediated alterations to near normalcy. The pancreatic tissue protective nature of D-Pinitol was further evidenced by histological observations. The results were statistically comparable with glyclazide, a standard hypoglycemic drug. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that D-Pinitol protects the pancreatic tissue from free radical-mediated oxidative stress in addition to its antidiabetic property.
-
d Pinitol attenuates the impaired activities of hepatic key enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
General Physiology and Biophysics, 2009Co-Authors: Selvaraj Sivakumar, S SubramanianAbstract:During diabetes mellitus, endogenous hepatic glucose production is increased as a result of impaired activities of the key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, which leads to the condition known as hyperglycemia. D-Pinitol, a bioactive constituent isolated from soybeans, has been shown to reduce hyperglycemia in experimental diabetes. We therefore designed this study to investigate the effect of oral administration of D-Pinitol (50 mg/kg b. w. for 30 days) on the activities of key enzymes in carbohydrate and glycogen metabolism in the liver tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The efficacy was compared with glyclazide, a standard hypoglycemic drug. Oral administration of D-Pinitol to diabetic group of rats showed a marked decrease in the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and an increase in plasma insulin and body weight. The activities of the hepatic enzymes such as hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycogen synthase and hepatic glycogen content were significantly (p < 0.05) increased whereas the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and glycogen phosphorylase were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in diabetic rats treated with D-Pinitol. The results suggest that alterations in the activities of key metabolic enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism could be one of the biochemical rationale by which D-Pinitol attenuates the hyperglycemic effect in diabetic rats.