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Mehmet Sorgun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Friction factor calculation for turbulent flow in annulus with temperature effects
International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2019Co-Authors: Mehmet Sorgun, Erman UlkerAbstract:The purpose of this paper is to present a new friction factor equation for practical use, including fluid temperature, Pipe diameter ratio and inner Pipe Rotation effects.,A friction factor relationship is developed by applying Buckingham’s Theorem of dimensional analysis. Then, the formula is calibrated using experimental data conducted at Izmir Katip Celebi University flow loop. Moreover, the effects of fluid temperature, inner Pipe Rotation and Pipe diameter ratio on friction factor are investigated experimentally.,Satisfactory agreements are obtained between proposed formula and experiments. The experimental results indicate that major variable parameters affecting friction factor is Reynolds number. Pipe Rotation has negligible effect on friction factor at high Reynolds number. Prandtl number is one of the important parameters affecting the friction factor. Moreover, as the Pipe diameter ratio is decreased, friction factor increases.,Determining fluid behavior of fluids under high temperature is especially important for deep wells during drilling. Temperature drastically changes fluid properties and flow characteristics in wells. These changes have a remarkable effect on pressure losses. However, since the temperature is considered constant in the calculation of the pressure loss, problems can be encountered in most systems. Friction factor is one of the important parameters for determining pressure loss in closed conduits. The originality of this work is to propose a new friction factor equation for practical use, including fluid temperature, Pipe diameter ratio and inner Pipe Rotation effects.
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Computational analysis of turbulent flow through an eccentric annulus under different temperature conditions
International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2018Co-Authors: Erman Ulker, Sıla Ovgu Korkut, Mehmet SorgunAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this paper is to solve Navier–Stokes equations including the effects of temperature and inner Pipe Rotation for fully developed turbulent flow in eccentric annuli by using finite difference scheme with fixing non-linear terms. Design/methodology/approach A mathematical model is proposed for fully developed turbulent flow including the effects of temperature and inner Pipe Rotation in eccentric annuli. Obtained equation is solved numerically via central difference approximation. In this process, the non-linear term is frozen. In so doing, the non-linear equation can be considered as a linear one. Findings The convergence analysis is studied before using the method to the proposed momentum equation. It reflects that the method approaches to the exact solution of the equation. The numerical solution of the mathematical model shows that pressure gradient can be predicted with a good accuracy when it is compared with experimental data collected from experiments conducted at Izmir Katip Celebi University Flow Loop. Originality/value The originality of this work is that Navier–Stokes equations including temperature and inner Pipe Rotation effects for fully developed turbulent flow in eccentric annuli are solved numerically by a finite difference method with frozen non-linear terms.
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Determination of Newtonian Fluid Flow Behavior Including Temperature Effects in Fully Eccentric Annulus
Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Erman Ulker, Mehmet Sorgun, İsmail Solmuş, Ziya Haktan KaradenizAbstract:In this work, the effect of temperature on the pressure loss for Newtonian fluid in fully eccentric annulus with Pipe Rotation is investigated. Extensive experiments with water are conducted at Izmir Katip Celebi University (IKCU), Civil Engineering Department for various flow velocities ranging between 0.7 m/s and 2.9 m/s, Pipe Rotation range between 0 rpm and 120 rpm. The effect of temperature on frictional pressure losses is also examined, and the temperature is varied from 20 °C to 65 °C. It was observed that, an increase in the fluid temperature in fully eccentric annulus results in a decrease in the pressure gradient. On the other hand, the influence of temperature on pressure gradient becomes more significant, as the Reynolds number is raised. Variation of Taylor number causes negligible changes on frictional pressure losses for all temperature conditions considered. By using regression analysis of the dataset obtained from the experimental work, a simple empirical frictional pressure losses correlation taking into account of temperature effect is proposed. Results showed that a good agreement between the measured and predicted values is achieved with almost 94% coefficient of determination.
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A mathematical model for estimating cuttings bed thickness in horizontal and deviated wells
International Journal of Oil Gas and Coal Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Mehmet SorgunAbstract:A mechanistic model is presented to estimate cuttings bed thickness in horizontal and inclined wellbores with and without Pipe Rotation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The model described in this work incorporates the effects of the hole inclination and Pipe Rotation on cuttings bed thickness. In this study, Navier-Stokes equations for turbulent flow are numerically solved using finite differences technique and a computer code is developed for CFD model. Extensive cuttings transport experiments are conducted using a flow loop. The pressure drop and cuttings bed thickness were recorded in addition to the other test conditions. Using the experimental data, the performance of the proposed model is analysed. The prediction results are satisfactory with determination coefficients, R2 = 0.89 and average absolute percent error (AAPE) = 9.78 for cuttings bed thickness. [Received: January 18, 2016; Accepted: July 17, 2016]
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Modeling and Experimental Study of Solid–Liquid Two-Phase Pressure Drop in Horizontal Wellbores With Pipe Rotation
Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Mehmet Sorgun, Erman UlkerAbstract:Determining pressure loss for cuttings-liquid system is very complicated task since drillstring is usually rotating during drilling operations and cuttings are present inside wells. While Pipe Rotation is increasing the pressure loss of Newtonian fluids without cuttings in an eccentric annulus, a reduction in the pressure loss for cuttings-liquid system is observed due to the bed erosion. In this study, cuttings transport experiments for different flow rates, Pipe Rotation speeds, and rate of penetrations (ROPs) are conducted. Pressure loss within the test section and stationary and/or moving bed thickness are recorded. This study aims to predict frictional pressure loss for solid (cuttings)–liquid flow inside horizontal wells using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). For this purpose, numerous ANN structures and CFD models are developed and tested using experimental data. Among the ANN structures, TrainGdx–Tansig structure gave more accurate results. The results show that the ANN showed better performance than the CFD. However, both could be used to estimate solid–liquid two-phase pressure drop in horizontal wellbores with Pipe Rotation.
A. Samsuri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of drill Pipe Rotation on improving hole cleaning using polypropylene beads in water based mud at different hole angles
Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2020Co-Authors: A. Katende, B. Segar, I. Ismail, F. Sagala, H. H. A. R. Saadiah, A. SamsuriAbstract:Hole cleaning is always a problem, particularly during drilling operations, and drilling fluid plays an important role in transporting drill cuttings through an annular section of wellbore to the surface. To transport the cuttings, a water-based mud with added polypropylene beads was selected since it is environmentally friendly and cost efficient. The polypropylene beads help to transport cuttings by providing an additional buoyancy force that lifts the cuttings to the surface via the influence of collision and drag forces. This experiment was performed using a 20 ft test section, 10 ppg drilling mud and 0.86 m/s annular velocity in a laboratory scale rig simulator, and the concentration of polypropylene beads was varied from 0 to 8 ppb. As the concentration of polypropylene increases, the cutting transport ratio also increases. It was observed that the fewest cuttings are lifted at a critical angle of 60°, followed by 45°, 30°, 90° and 0°. Additionally, cutting sizes had moderate effects on the cutting lifting efficiency, where smaller cutting sizes (0.5–1.0 mm) are easier to lift than larger cutting sizes (2.0–2.8 mm). Furthermore, a study of buoyancy force and impulsive force was conducted to investigate the cutting lifting efficiencies of various concentrations of polypropylene beads. This lifting capacity was also assisted by the presence of polyanionic cellulose (PAC), which increases the mud carrying capacity and is effective for smaller cuttings. The results show that in the presence of Pipe Rotation, the cutting lifting efficiency is slightly enhanced due to the orbital motion provided by the drill Pipe for better hole cleaning. In conclusion, polypropylene beads combined with Pipe Rotation increase the cutting transport ratio in the wellbore.
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The effect of drill–Pipe Rotation on improving hole cleaning using polypropylene beads in water-based mud at different hole angles
Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2019Co-Authors: A. Katende, B. Segar, I. Ismail, F. Sagala, H. H. A. R. Saadiah, A. SamsuriAbstract:Hole cleaning is always a problem, particularly during drilling operations, and drilling fluid plays an important role in transporting drill cuttings through an annular section of wellbore to the surface. To transport the cuttings, a water-based mud with added polypropylene beads was selected since it is environmentally friendly and cost efficient. The polypropylene beads help to transport cuttings by providing an additional buoyancy force that lifts the cuttings to the surface via the influence of collision and drag forces. This experiment was performed using a 20 ft test section, 10 ppg drilling mud and 0.86 m/s annular velocity in a laboratory scale rig simulator, and the concentration of polypropylene beads was varied from 0 to 8 ppb. As the concentration of polypropylene increases, the cutting transport ratio also increases. It was observed that the fewest cuttings are lifted at a critical angle of 60°, followed by 45°, 30°, 90° and 0°. Additionally, cutting sizes had moderate effects on the cutting lifting efficiency, where smaller cutting sizes (0.5–1.0 mm) are easier to lift than larger cutting sizes (2.0–2.8 mm). Furthermore, a study of buoyancy force and impulsive force was conducted to investigate the cutting lifting efficiencies of various concentrations of polypropylene beads. This lifting capacity was also assisted by the presence of polyanionic cellulose (PAC), which increases the mud carrying capacity and is effective for smaller cuttings. The results show that in the presence of Pipe Rotation, the cutting lifting efficiency is slightly enhanced due to the orbital motion provided by the drill Pipe for better hole cleaning. In conclusion, polypropylene beads combined with Pipe Rotation increase the cutting transport ratio in the wellbore.
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Experimental investigation of the effect of drill Pipe Rotation on improving hole cleaning using water-based mud enriched with polypropylene beads in vertical and horizontal wellbores
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Nursyafiqah S. Heshamudin, A. Katende, I. Ismail, F. Sagala, Halimatun A. Rashid, A. SamsuriAbstract:Abstract Field experience has shown that the inefficient transport of small cuttings is a main factor contributing to excessive drag and torque during the drilling of a deviated hole; however, very little is known about the transport behavior of small cuttings. This experimental study investigates the effect of different polypropylene bead concentrations in water-based mud (WBM) on hole cleaning, along with the effects of cutting size, drill Pipe Rotation, and hole inclination angle. A total of 160 runs were performed using an experimental rig consisting of a 13 ft (3.96 m) long casing with a 2 in (50.8 mm) Inner Diameter (ID) and a rotary inner Pipe with a 0.8 in (20 mm) Outer Diameter (OD). Four cutting size ranges, namely, 0.5–1.0 mm, 1.0–1.4 mm, 1.4–1.7 mm, and 1.7–2.0 mm, with a density of 2400 kg/ m 3 were tested in WBM with varying polypropylene bead concentrations ranging from 0 to 8 ppb. The concentric annulus flow test section was changed to vertical and horizontal angles with Pipe Rotation from 0 to 150 rpm. The mud density and viscosity were maintained at 10 ppg and 16 cp, respectively, under a flow velocity of 3.48 m/s (Reynolds number of 6620). The results indicate that smaller cuttings are easier to transport at all Pipe Rotations and polypropylene bead concentrations in both vertical and horizontal holes. The optimal Pipe Rotational speed was found to be 60 rpm. In this study, polypropylene beads undeniably enhanced the mud carrying capacity by significantly increasing the cutting transport ratio (CTR) by up to 16.57% in vertical holes and 15.73% in horizontal holes.
Pedram Hanafizadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modeling and simulation of downward vertical two-phase flow with Pipe Rotation
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2018Co-Authors: Farhad Raeiszadeh, Ebrahim Hajidavalloo, Morteza Behbahani-nejad, Pedram HanafizadehAbstract:Abstract One of the major problems in two-phase flow research is prediction of flow pattern at different configurations without requiring expensive experimental tests. Numerical modeling and simulation is a suitable and emerging approach for this purpose which has many benefits including saving in time and cost. In this study, for the first time, the effect of Pipe Rotation on the flow patterns of air–water two-phase flow in downward direction was numerically studied. For this reason, Eulerian–Eulerian multi-fluid approach was utilized in Ansys-Fluent software. At first, apparent conditions of each regime in various revolution were recorded from experimental tests and then the simulation was carried out to find if the results are compatible. It was shown that Pipe Rotation has important effects on the flow patterns map and shift transitions boundaries of slug and annular flow toward lower gas superficial velocity. Comparison of numerical results with experimental data show acceptable match for all regimes. Good agreement was observed for falling film, bubbly and slug regimes but the least agreement was observed for froth regime due to high turbulence and perturbation of flow.
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effect of Pipe Rotation on downward co current air water flow in a vertical Pipe
International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2016Co-Authors: Farhad Raeiszadeh, Ebrahim Hajidavalloo, Morteza Behbahaninejad, Pedram HanafizadehAbstract:Abstract The present research experimentally studied the effect of Pipe Rotation on the flow patterns of downward gasliquid two-phase flow. Two-phase flow patterns and their transition boundaries were observed and analyzed at different Pipe revolutions. The experimental setup was fabricated to show flow patterns in a downward direction. The setup includes a transparent vertical Pipe with a diameter of 50 mm and an aspect ratio (L/d) of 80 that can rotate at different speeds. Eight flow maps were obtained at revolutions of 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 400 and 500 rpm by changing the air and water velocities at any revolution (a total of 2205 points). The gasliquid downward two-phase flow regimes were analyzed using image processing. The experimental results were compared with published flow maps for vertical flow. It was found that Pipe Rotation has major effect on flow patterns map and their transitions boundaries. Increasing Pipe Rotation cause slug and annular flow start at lower VSG.
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Effect of Pipe Rotation on downward co-current air–water flow in a vertical Pipe
International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2016Co-Authors: Farhad Raeiszadeh, Ebrahim Hajidavalloo, Morteza Behbahani-nejad, Pedram HanafizadehAbstract:Abstract The present research experimentally studied the effect of Pipe Rotation on the flow patterns of downward gasliquid two-phase flow. Two-phase flow patterns and their transition boundaries were observed and analyzed at different Pipe revolutions. The experimental setup was fabricated to show flow patterns in a downward direction. The setup includes a transparent vertical Pipe with a diameter of 50 mm and an aspect ratio (L/d) of 80 that can rotate at different speeds. Eight flow maps were obtained at revolutions of 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 400 and 500 rpm by changing the air and water velocities at any revolution (a total of 2205 points). The gasliquid downward two-phase flow regimes were analyzed using image processing. The experimental results were compared with published flow maps for vertical flow. It was found that Pipe Rotation has major effect on flow patterns map and their transitions boundaries. Increasing Pipe Rotation cause slug and annular flow start at lower VSG.
Sang-mok Han - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Flow Characteristics of a Solid-Liquid Non-Newtonian Fluid for Directional Drilling.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2020Co-Authors: Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-ju Kim, Tea-woo Kim, Sung-min KimAbstract:As petroleum technology has developed, both slim-hold and directional drillings have developed as well. Although these techniques are currently being utilized in industry, the literature on them is still insufficient. In the present study, the friction coefficient, pressure loss, and particle transport ratio pertaining to these methods are measured. It is determined that these quantities are influenced by the particle size and concentration within the flow, the Pipe Rotation, the flow volume, and the inclination of the annulus. The study is performed on a concentric annulus with a variable inclination; the ratio of the inner to outer Pipe radius is 0.7, homogeneous, 2-mm sand is used, and both experimental and numerical results are presented for fully developed solid-liquid two-phase flows of non-Newtonian fluid with different CMC solutions. It is determined that the transport ratio and pressure loss are both directly related to the drilling efficiency in directional drilling.
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A Study of the Solids Transport Characteristics in the Non-Newtonian Fluid With Inclined Annulus
Volume 7: Fluids Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-ju KimAbstract:During drilling, the precipitation velocity of cuttings within an annulus depends on the density, configuration, and size of the cuttings, and on the density, viscosity, and rheological characteristics of the drilling fluid. In this study, in order to identify transfer features of cuttings, an experiment was performed under wide-ranging conditions by constructing a slim hole annulus (44 mm × 30 mm) device. In this experiment, the pressure loss and the particle transport ratio were measured in upward flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. These quantities were influenced by particle concentration within the flow, Pipe Rotation, flow rate, and inclination of the annulus. For both water and CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) solutions, the higher the concentration of the solid particles is, the larger the pressure gradients become. The experimental uncertainty of this study varies from a minimum of 3% to a maximum of 9% depending on the experimental conditions.
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Solid–liquid hydrodynamics in a slim hole drilling annulus
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-kyu Hwang, Young-ju KimAbstract:Abstract We examine solid–liquid mixture upward hydraulic transport of solid particles in vertical and inclined annuli with a rotating inner cylinder. Lift forces acting on fluidized particles play a central role in many important applications such as the removal of drill cuttings in horizontal drill holes, sand transport in fractured reservoirs, and sediment transport. Annular fluid velocities in our study varied from 0.4 m/s to 1.2 m/s. The effect of annulus inclination and drill Pipe Rotation on the carrying capacity of drilling fluid, particle rising velocity, and pressure drop in a slim hole annulus were measured for fully developed flows of water, and for aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and bentonite. For higher particle feed concentrations, the hydraulic pressure drop of the mixture flow increased due to friction between the wall and solids, or among solids. Comparing our numerical and experimental results allowed the assessment and further development of existing two-phase numerical models and grid constructions.
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Solid-liquid mixture flow through a slim hole annulus with rotating inner cylinder
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2009Co-Authors: Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-kyu HwangAbstract:An experimental study was conducted to study solid-liquid mixture upward hydraulic transport of solid particles in vertical and inclined annuli with rotating inner cylinder. Lift forces acting on a fluidized particle play a central role in many important applications, such as the removal of drill cuttings in horizontal drill holes, sand transport in fractured reservoirs and sediment transport, etc. Annular fluid velocities varied from 0.4 m/s to 1.2 m/s. Effect of annulus inclination and drill Pipe Rotation on the carrying capacity of drilling fluid, particle rising velocity, and pressure drop in the slim hole annulus have been measured for fully developed flows of water and of aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and bentonite, respectively. For higher particle feed concentration, the hydraulic pressure drop of mixture flow increases due to the friction between the wall and solids or among solids.
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Solid-liquid 2phase flow in a concentric annulus with Rotation of the inner cylinder
Journal of Energy Engineering-asce, 2009Co-Authors: Young-ju Kim, Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-kyu HwangAbstract:An experimental investigation is conducted to study a 2-phase vertically upward hydraulic transport of solid particles by water and non-Newtonian fluids in a slim hole concentric annulus with Rotation of the inner cylinder. Rheology of particulate suspensions in viscoelastic fluids is of importance in many applications such as particle removal from surfaces, transport of proppants in fractured reservoir and cleaning of drilling holes, etc. In this study, a clear acrylic Pipe was used in order to observe the movement of solid particles. Annular velocities varied from 0.3 m/s to 2.0 m/s. The mud systems included fresh water and CMC solutions. Main parameters considered in the study were inner-Pipe Rotation speed, fluid flow regime and particle injection rate. A particle rising velocity and pressure drop in annulus have been measured for fully developed flows of water and of aqueous solutions. For both water and 0.2% CMC solutions, the higher the concentration of the solid particles is, the larger the pressure gradients become.
Young-ju Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Flow Characteristics of a Solid-Liquid Non-Newtonian Fluid for Directional Drilling.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2020Co-Authors: Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-ju Kim, Tea-woo Kim, Sung-min KimAbstract:As petroleum technology has developed, both slim-hold and directional drillings have developed as well. Although these techniques are currently being utilized in industry, the literature on them is still insufficient. In the present study, the friction coefficient, pressure loss, and particle transport ratio pertaining to these methods are measured. It is determined that these quantities are influenced by the particle size and concentration within the flow, the Pipe Rotation, the flow volume, and the inclination of the annulus. The study is performed on a concentric annulus with a variable inclination; the ratio of the inner to outer Pipe radius is 0.7, homogeneous, 2-mm sand is used, and both experimental and numerical results are presented for fully developed solid-liquid two-phase flows of non-Newtonian fluid with different CMC solutions. It is determined that the transport ratio and pressure loss are both directly related to the drilling efficiency in directional drilling.
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A Study of the Solids Transport Characteristics in the Non-Newtonian Fluid With Inclined Annulus
Volume 7: Fluids Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-ju KimAbstract:During drilling, the precipitation velocity of cuttings within an annulus depends on the density, configuration, and size of the cuttings, and on the density, viscosity, and rheological characteristics of the drilling fluid. In this study, in order to identify transfer features of cuttings, an experiment was performed under wide-ranging conditions by constructing a slim hole annulus (44 mm × 30 mm) device. In this experiment, the pressure loss and the particle transport ratio were measured in upward flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. These quantities were influenced by particle concentration within the flow, Pipe Rotation, flow rate, and inclination of the annulus. For both water and CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) solutions, the higher the concentration of the solid particles is, the larger the pressure gradients become. The experimental uncertainty of this study varies from a minimum of 3% to a maximum of 9% depending on the experimental conditions.
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Solid–liquid hydrodynamics in a slim hole drilling annulus
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-kyu Hwang, Young-ju KimAbstract:Abstract We examine solid–liquid mixture upward hydraulic transport of solid particles in vertical and inclined annuli with a rotating inner cylinder. Lift forces acting on fluidized particles play a central role in many important applications such as the removal of drill cuttings in horizontal drill holes, sand transport in fractured reservoirs, and sediment transport. Annular fluid velocities in our study varied from 0.4 m/s to 1.2 m/s. The effect of annulus inclination and drill Pipe Rotation on the carrying capacity of drilling fluid, particle rising velocity, and pressure drop in a slim hole annulus were measured for fully developed flows of water, and for aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and bentonite. For higher particle feed concentrations, the hydraulic pressure drop of the mixture flow increased due to friction between the wall and solids, or among solids. Comparing our numerical and experimental results allowed the assessment and further development of existing two-phase numerical models and grid constructions.
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Solid-liquid 2phase flow in a concentric annulus with Rotation of the inner cylinder
Journal of Energy Engineering-asce, 2009Co-Authors: Young-ju Kim, Sang-mok Han, Nam-sub Woo, Young-kyu HwangAbstract:An experimental investigation is conducted to study a 2-phase vertically upward hydraulic transport of solid particles by water and non-Newtonian fluids in a slim hole concentric annulus with Rotation of the inner cylinder. Rheology of particulate suspensions in viscoelastic fluids is of importance in many applications such as particle removal from surfaces, transport of proppants in fractured reservoir and cleaning of drilling holes, etc. In this study, a clear acrylic Pipe was used in order to observe the movement of solid particles. Annular velocities varied from 0.3 m/s to 2.0 m/s. The mud systems included fresh water and CMC solutions. Main parameters considered in the study were inner-Pipe Rotation speed, fluid flow regime and particle injection rate. A particle rising velocity and pressure drop in annulus have been measured for fully developed flows of water and of aqueous solutions. For both water and 0.2% CMC solutions, the higher the concentration of the solid particles is, the larger the pressure gradients become.