The Experts below are selected from a list of 3624 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Erich Hahne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
High temperature water Pit Storage projects for the seasonal Storage of solar energy
Solar Energy, 1997Co-Authors: Régis Kubler, N. Fisch, Erich HahneAbstract:Central solar heating plants with seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) are capable of covering more than 75% of the annual heat demand of housing areas if appropriate Storage technologies are available. The maximum design temperature should be 90-95°C and the long term cost goal is 100 DM m-3for a Storage volume larger than 10 000 m3water equivalent. Three pilot projects are presently under construction and planning in Germany with 600, 4500 and 12 000 m3volume. The Storage medium in all three cases is water. A first pilot heat Storage with about 600 m3volume is being built in Rottweil. This small scale project will be applied as short term Storage in connection with a combined heat and power (CHP) plant. The Storage container is made of concrete, water tightness is achieved by a stainless steel liner and mineral wool is used as insulation. The aim of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology and to gain practical experience for the construction of larger stores. During 1995/96 two full scale central solar heating plants with seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) of this type will be built in Hamburg, North Germany and Friedrichshafen, South Germany, with 4500 and 12 000 m3Storage volume, respectively.
Régis Kubler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
High temperature water Pit Storage projects for the seasonal Storage of solar energy
Solar Energy, 1997Co-Authors: Régis Kubler, N. Fisch, Erich HahneAbstract:Central solar heating plants with seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) are capable of covering more than 75% of the annual heat demand of housing areas if appropriate Storage technologies are available. The maximum design temperature should be 90-95°C and the long term cost goal is 100 DM m-3for a Storage volume larger than 10 000 m3water equivalent. Three pilot projects are presently under construction and planning in Germany with 600, 4500 and 12 000 m3volume. The Storage medium in all three cases is water. A first pilot heat Storage with about 600 m3volume is being built in Rottweil. This small scale project will be applied as short term Storage in connection with a combined heat and power (CHP) plant. The Storage container is made of concrete, water tightness is achieved by a stainless steel liner and mineral wool is used as insulation. The aim of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology and to gain practical experience for the construction of larger stores. During 1995/96 two full scale central solar heating plants with seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) of this type will be built in Hamburg, North Germany and Friedrichshafen, South Germany, with 4500 and 12 000 m3Storage volume, respectively.
Timothy R. Kelley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Solids, organic load and nutrient concentration reductions in swine waste slurry using a polyacrylamide (PAM)-aided solids flocculation treatment.
Bioresource technology, 2003Co-Authors: Paul M. Walker, Timothy R. KelleyAbstract:Increased swine production results in concentration of wastes generated within a limited geographical area, which may lead to land application rates exceeding the local or regional assimilatory capacity. This may result in pollutant transfer through surface water or soil-groundwater systems, environmental degradation, and/or odor concerns. Existing swine waste Pit Storage and lagoon treatment technologies may be inadequate to store or treat waste prior to land application without these concerns resulting. Efficient swine waste solids separation may reduce environmental health concerns and generate a value-added bioresource (solids). This study evaluated the efficiency of a polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculant-aided solids separation treatment to reduce pollution indicator concentrations in raw (untreated) swine waste slurry. Swine waste slurry solids separation efficiency through gravity settling (sedimentation) was evaluated before and after the addition of a proprietary polymeric (PAM) flocculant. Results indicated that polymer amendments at concentrations of 62.5-750 mg/l improved slurry solids separation efficiency and significantly reduced concentrations of other associated aquatic pollution indicators in a majority of analyses conducted (33 of 50 total analyses conducted). Results also suggested that PAM-aided solids separation from swine waste slurry might facilitate further treatment and/or disposal and therefore reduce associated environmental degradation potential.
Robert C. Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The Proof-of-the Concept of Biochar Floating Cover Influence on Swine Manure pH: Implications for Mitigation of Gaseous Emissions From Area Sources.
Frontiers in chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Zhanibek Meiirkhanuly, Jacek A. Koziel, Andrzej Białowiec, Chumki Banik, Robert C. BrownAbstract:Mitigation of potentially hazardous and malodor compounds emitted from animal waste is needed to improve the sustainability of livestock agriculture. Bacteria control the generation of these compounds and also depend on the pH of manure. Influencing swine manure pH, especially on the liquid-air interface, may lead to a reduction of emission of odorous and hazardous compounds. The objective of this experiment was to test highly alkaline and porous (HAP) modified biochar with pH = 9.2 and red oak (RO) biochar with pH = 7.5 influence on swine manure pH acquired from the outdoor Storage and deep Pit Storage under a barn. HAP and RO biochars were topically applied on the outdoor-stored (pH = 7.55), and Pit (pH = 8.00) manures and spatial pH (every 1 mm of depth) were measured on days 0, 2, and 4. Results showed that HAP biochar increased outdoor-stored manure pH on day 4, particularly within the top 10 mm of depth, where pH ranged from 7.79 to 8.90, while in the case of RO pH ranged between 7.46 and 7.66, i.e., similar to control (7.57-7.64). Both biochars decreased Pit-stored manure pH within the top 10 mm of depth (in comparison with the control pH of 8.36-8.47) to 8.19-8.30 (HAP), and 8.18-8.29 (RO) on day 4. However, differences were not considerable. The reason for the insignificant effect of biochars on Pit manure was likely due to its higher buffer capacity in comparison with the outdoor-stored manure.
-
Can Biochar Save Lives? The Impact of Surficial Biochar Treatment on Acute H2S and NH3 Emissions During Swine Manure Agitation Before Pump-out
2020Co-Authors: Baitong Chen, Jacek A. Koziel, Zhanibek Meiirkhanuly, Andrzej Białowiec, Myeongseong Lee, Robert C. BrownAbstract:Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are always a concern in the livestock industries, especially when farmers try to clear their manure Storage Pits. Agitation of manure can cause dangerously high concentrations of harmful agents such as H2S and NH3 to be emitted into the air. Biochar has the ability to sorb these gases. We hypothesized that applying biochar on top of manure can create an effective barrier to protect farmers and animals from exposure to NH3 and H2S. In this study, two kinds of biochar were tested, highly alkaline, and porous (HAP, pH 9.2) biochar made from corn stover and red oak biochar (RO, pH 7.5). Two scenarios of (6 mm) 0.25” and (12 mm) 0.5” thick layers of biochar treatments were topically applied to the manure and tested on a pilot-scale setup, simulating a deep Pit Storage. Each setup experienced 3-min of agitation using a transfer pump, and measurements of the concentrations of NH3 and H2S were taken in real-time and measured until the concentration stabilized after the sharp increase in concentration due to agitation. The results were compared with the control in the following 3 situations: 1. The maximum (peak) flux 2. Total emission from the start of agitation until the concentration stabilized, and 3. The total emission during the 3 min of agitation. For NH3, 0.5” HAP biochar treatment significantly (p<0.05) reduced maximum flux by 63.3%, overall total emission by 70%, and total emissions during the 3-min agitation by 85.2%; 0.25” HAP biochar treatment significantly (p<0.05) reduced maximum flux by 75.7%, overall, total emission by 74.5%, and total emissions during the 3-min agitation by 77.8%. 0.5” RO biochar treatment significantly reduced max by 8.8%, overall total emission by 52.9%, and total emission during 3-min agitation by 56.8%; 0.25” RO biochar treatment significantly reduced max by 61.3%, overall total emission by 86.1%, and total emission during 3-min agitation by 62.7%. For H2S, 0.5” HAP biochar treatment reduced the max by 42.5% (p=0.125), overall total emission by 17.9% (p=0.290), and significantly reduced the total emission during 3-min agitation by 70.4%; 0.25” HAP treatment reduced max by 60.6% (p=0.058), and significantly reduced overall and 3-min agitation’s total emission by 64.4% and 66.6%, respectively. 0.5” RO biochar treatment reduce the max flux by 23.6% (p=0.145), and significantly reduced overall and 3-min total emission by 39.3% and 62.4%, respectively; 0.25” RO treatment significantly reduced the max flux by 63%, overall total emission by 84.7%, and total emission during 3-min agitation by 67.4%.
N. Fisch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
High temperature water Pit Storage projects for the seasonal Storage of solar energy
Solar Energy, 1997Co-Authors: Régis Kubler, N. Fisch, Erich HahneAbstract:Central solar heating plants with seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) are capable of covering more than 75% of the annual heat demand of housing areas if appropriate Storage technologies are available. The maximum design temperature should be 90-95°C and the long term cost goal is 100 DM m-3for a Storage volume larger than 10 000 m3water equivalent. Three pilot projects are presently under construction and planning in Germany with 600, 4500 and 12 000 m3volume. The Storage medium in all three cases is water. A first pilot heat Storage with about 600 m3volume is being built in Rottweil. This small scale project will be applied as short term Storage in connection with a combined heat and power (CHP) plant. The Storage container is made of concrete, water tightness is achieved by a stainless steel liner and mineral wool is used as insulation. The aim of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology and to gain practical experience for the construction of larger stores. During 1995/96 two full scale central solar heating plants with seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) of this type will be built in Hamburg, North Germany and Friedrichshafen, South Germany, with 4500 and 12 000 m3Storage volume, respectively.