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Avguštin Janja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Inquiry-based activr learing of preschool children using wood and metals.
2020Co-Authors: Avguštin JanjaAbstract:In the thesis, we want to present active learning and also an example of a project Activity where children are actively involved in the crafts and technology activities that we have performed in the kindergarten. The purpose of the thesis is to present active learning in the preschool period as we have noticed that in the kindergartens, children rarely actively participate in activities and come to the final solutions and information on their own. We also wanted to determine which materials preschool teachers most commonly use in their work with children. This is why we focused on the most and the least commonly used material by preschool teachers. The results were obtained through a survey questionnaire which was distributed in the Miškolin kindergarten and via an online survey questionnaire. The results showed that preschool teachers most often use natural materials like wood and least often metal. This is why we focused on wood and metal material in the thesis. In the first part of the theoretical part, we present learning in the preschool period and focus on active learning where we present its importance, forms, principles and the role of preschool teachers in active learning. In the second part of the theoretical part, we focus on crafts and technology in the preschool period, curricular objectives for crafts and technology and the characteristics and properties of wood and metal. We also present the tools, devices and procedures that children have encountered during the practical part of the thesis by shaping wood and metal. In the kindergarten, we also performed a month-long project with children, in which children were actively involved and got to know wood and metal. Children actively participated in guided and free activities and actively acquired knowledge by exploring materials and finally made a final product (gift/toy) out of the material being discussed. During the activities, children learned about the properties of each material (they compared them and were able to find them in their immediate surroundings) and some of the basic techniques of wood and metal processing (grinding wood, tucking nails in wood with a hand hammer, pinching wire, running wire around the nails, manual wire design, bonding of wood and wood coating). As already stated, the results that we gathered from an online survey questionnaire show that preschool teachers most often use materials like wood and least often metal. At the same time, we established that 95% of respondents encourage active learning in kindergarten. Children typically learn about properties of materials at activities that are Planned for 30-45 minutes, individually or in smaller groups along with practical work and various play improvisations. Kindergarten teachers most often evaluate the process of their activities by comparing products before and after Planned Activity with children, that way children find the Activity more meaningful. With this thesis, we want to encourage preschool teachers to include different materials in their work with children in kindergarten
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Inquiry-based activr learing of preschool children using wood and metals.
2020Co-Authors: Avguštin JanjaAbstract:V diplomskem delu želimo predstaviti aktivno učenje v vrtcu in predstaviti primer projektne dejavnosti s področja tehnike in tehnologije, ki smo jo izvedli v vrtcu in v katero so otroci aktivno vključeni. Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti aktivno učenje v predšolskem obdobju, saj opažamo, da je v vrtcih premalokrat vključen način dela, kjer otroci aktivno sodelujejo pri dejavnostih in samostojno pridejo do končnih rešitev in informacij. Z diplomskim delom smo želeli ugotoviti tudi, po katerih materialih strokovni delavci pri svojem delu največkrat posegajo. Zato smo se v diplomskem delu osredotočili na material, ki ga strokovni delavci pri svojem delu uporabljajo največkrat, ter na material, ki ga strokovni delavci pri svojem delu uporabljajo najmanjkrat. Rezultate smo pridobili s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, ki smo ga razdelili v fizični obliki v vrtcu Miškolin in prek spletnega anketnega vprašalnika (portal MojaAnketa). Rezultati so pokazali, da strokovni delavci največkrat posegajo po naravnih materialih, in sicer po lesu, najmanjkrat pa posegajo po kovinah. Zato smo se v diplomskem delu osredotočili na materiala les in kovino. V prvem delu teoretičnega dela smo predstavili učenje v predšolskem obdobju in se osredotočili na aktivno učenje, pri katerem smo predstavili njegov pomen, oblike, načela in vlogo vzgojitelja pri aktivnem učenju. V drugem delu teoretičnega dela smo se osredotočili na tehniko v predšolskem obdobju. Predstavili smo pomen tehnike v predšolskem obdobju, kurikularne cilje s področja tehnike in tehnologije ter značilnost materialov les in kovina. Predstavili smo tudi orodja, pripomočke in postopke, ki so jih otroci spoznali pri praktičnem delu diplomskega dela, in sicer pri oblikovanju lesa in kovine. V vrtcu smo z otroki izvedi tudi večtedenski projekt, pri katerem so na aktiven način spoznavali les in kovino. Otroci so skozi vodene in proste dejavnosti aktivno sodelovali pri spoznavanju in raziskovanju materiala, na koncu pa iz spoznanega materiala izdelali končni izdelek (darilo/igračo). Tekom dejavnosti so otroci spoznali lastnosti posameznega materiala (ju med seboj primerjali in znali poiskati v svoji okolici) ter se seznanili z nekaterimi osnovnimi postopki oblikovanja lesa in kovin (brušenje lesa, zabijanje žičnikov v les z ročnim kladivom, preščip žice, vodenje žice okoli žičnikov, ročno oblikovanje žice, lepljenje ter lakiranje lesa). Kot je že navedeno, smo prek anketnega vprašalnika ugotovili, da strokovni delavci največkrat posegajo po materialu les, najmanjkrat pa posegajo po materialu kovina. Obenem smo ugotovili tudi, da kar 95 % anketirancev spodbuja aktivno učenje v vrtcu. Otroci največkrat spoznavajo lastnosti materialov, pri aktivnostih, zasnovanih za 30–45 minut, individualno ali v manjših skupinah ob praktičnem delu in raznih igralnih improvizacijah. Napredek dejavnosti vzgojitelji najpogosteje ocenijo s primerjanjem izdelkov pred in po dejavnosti skupaj z otroki, da le-ti lažje osmislijo svoje delo. Z napisanim diplomskim delom želimo spodbuditi vzgojitelje, da bodo pri svojem delu v vrtcu skušali posegati po čim bolj raznolikih materialih in jih vključevali v svoje delo.In the thesis, we want to present active learning and also an example of a project Activity where children are actively involved in the crafts and technology activities that we have performed in the kindergarten. The purpose of the thesis is to present active learning in the preschool period as we have noticed that in the kindergartens, children rarely actively participate in activities and come to the final solutions and information on their own. We also wanted to determine which materials preschool teachers most commonly use in their work with children. This is why we focused on the most and the least commonly used material by preschool teachers. The results were obtained through a survey questionnaire which was distributed in the Miškolin kindergarten and via an online survey questionnaire. The results showed that preschool teachers most often use natural materials like wood and least often metal. This is why we focused on wood and metal material in the thesis. In the first part of the theoretical part, we present learning in the preschool period and focus on active learning where we present its importance, forms, principles and the role of preschool teachers in active learning. In the second part of the theoretical part, we focus on crafts and technology in the preschool period, curricular objectives for crafts and technology and the characteristics and properties of wood and metal. We also present the tools, devices and procedures that children have encountered during the practical part of the thesis by shaping wood and metal. In the kindergarten, we also performed a month-long project with children, in which children were actively involved and got to know wood and metal. Children actively participated in guided and free activities and actively acquired knowledge by exploring materials and finally made a final product (gift/toy) out of the material being discussed. During the activities, children learned about the properties of each material (they compared them and were able to find them in their immediate surroundings) and some of the basic techniques of wood and metal processing (grinding wood, tucking nails in wood with a hand hammer, pinching wire, running wire around the nails, manual wire design, bonding of wood and wood coating). As already stated, the results that we gathered from an online survey questionnaire show that preschool teachers most often use materials like wood and least often metal. At the same time, we established that 95% of respondents encourage active learning in kindergarten. Children typically learn about properties of materials at activities that are Planned for 30-45 minutes, individually or in smaller groups along with practical work and various play improvisations. Kindergarten teachers most often evaluate the process of their activities by comparing products before and after Planned Activity with children, that way children find the Activity more meaningful. With this thesis, we want to encourage preschool teachers to include different materials in their work with children in kindergarten
Mireille Jeudi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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resource planning for neglected tropical disease ntd control programs feasibility study of the tool for integrated planning and costing tipac
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2014Co-Authors: Olivier J Wouters, Philip Downs, Kathryn L Zoerhoff, Kathryn Crowley, Hannah Frawley, Jennifer Einberg, Brian K Chu, Molly Brady, Roland Oscar, Mireille JeudiAbstract:Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and impose a large economic burden on endemic countries [1]. In 2006, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) founded the NTD Control Program to target five NTDs in African, Asian, and Latin American countries, namely, lymphatic filariasis (LF), onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH), and trachoma; the three targeted STH infections are ascariasis, hookworm, and trichuriasis. The NTD Control Program supported national NTD control and elimination programs' efforts to integrate and scale up delivery of preventive chemotherapy (PC) [2]. PC is the administration of safe, single-dose drugs, either alone or in combination, as a public health intervention against targeted NTDs. Administration is characterized by population-based diagnosis,population-based treatment,and implementation at regular intervals. PC can be delivered as universal chemotherapy (i.e., mass drug administration [MDA]), where the entire population of an area is targeted; targeted chemotherapy, where only high-risk groups (e.g., school age children) are targeted; or selective chemotherapy, where only screened individuals found or suspected to be infected are targeted [3]. Between October 2006 and March 2012, the program provided 589 million NTD treatments through the collaborative efforts of ministries of health, implementing partners, funders, and pharmaceutical donation programs. The implementation of integrated NTD programs at the full national scale remains an important objective in many endemic countries [4]–[8]. Several theoretical frameworks for integration have been proposed; most protocols stress the importance of long-term commitments and concerted efforts of partnerships to realize NTD control and elimination objectives [9]–[14]. However, there is currently a paucity of economic evidence on the costs of integrated PC delivery for NTDs, primarily due to the significant variation in program structures and operations [14]. Given the scarce resources and substantial costs associated with NTD control and elimination, there is therefore a need to accurately determine the cost of program implementation. It is also important to delineate funding commitments to ensure that additional assistance is used to complement available resources, rather than duplicate or replace previous efforts. To allow governments to more easily enumerate costs and funding commitments for NTD control and elimination, the NTD Control Program developed the Tool for Integrated Planning and Costing (TIPAC). The TIPAC, a versatile planning and costing instrument, is designed to be used by members of a NTD program at the national level. For countries with decentralized political structures, the TIPAC can also be implemented at a subnational administrative level. NTD program and financial managers are the primary users of the tool; the involvement of other personnel, including representatives from partner organizations and ministries of education, improves the accuracy and completeness of the TIPAC data. The TIPAC implementation process includes four main phases: Background data collection: country coordinators compile, review, and verify demographic, epidemiologic, and cost classification data. In countries where individual disease control programs are not integrated, this phase may generate fruitful discussions among stakeholders and stimulate collaboration on program planning, outreach, implementation, and monitoring. Data entry: a focal person appointed by the national program enters the Planned Activity costs. The national strategic plans for NTD control and elimination, also referred to as master plans, serve as the guiding documents for data entry. As the tool is populated, integration opportunities and areas of overlap and duplication are identified. After the costs are entered, stakeholder meetings are convened to identify drug and funding commitments. Finalization and approval: the entered data is reviewed by all stakeholders and approved for use by ministry of health representatives from the national NTD control and elimination program. Results application: the results can be used to inform and guide annual work plans, drug applications, donor coordination efforts, and advocacy and fundraising strategies. The TIPAC is able to convert the information in the tool for use during another funding year, thereby facilitating data entry in subsequent years. The aim of this feasibility study is to assess whether the TIPAC effectively informs and facilitates country program decision-making and the integration of program activities. This study presents excerpts from data collected in two African countries (Sierra Leone, fiscal year [FY] Oct. 2010–Sept. 2011, and Tanzania, FY Oct. 2010–Sept. 2011), one Asian country (Nepal, FY Jul. 2010–Jul. 2011), and one Latin American country (Haiti, FY Oct. 2011–Sept. 2012). The lessons learned from implementing the TIPAC in these four countries can guide the planning and costing of annual NTD control and elimination activities in other NTD-endemic countries.
Mw Benecke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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STANDARDS CONTROLLING AIR EMISSIONS FOR THE SOIL DESICCATION PILOT TEST
Hanford Site (Wash.), 2010Co-Authors: Mw BeneckeAbstract:This air emissions document supports implementation of the Treatability Test Plan for Soil Desiccation as outlined in the Deep Vadose Zone Treatability Test Plan for the Hanford Central Plateau (DOE/RL-2007-56). Treatability testing supports evaluation of remedial technologies for technetium-99 (Tc-99) contamination in the vadose zone at sites such as the BC Cribs and Trenches. Soil desiccation has been selected as the first technology for testing because it has been recommended as a promising technology in previous Hanford Site technology evaluations and because testing of soil desiccation will provide useful information to enhance evaluation of other technologies, in particular gas-phase remediation technologies. A soil desiccation pilot test (SDPT) will evaluate the desiccation process (e.g., how the targeted interval is dried) and the long-term performance for mitigation of contaminant transport. The SDPT will dry out a moist zone contaminated by Tc-99 and nitrate that has been detected at Well 299-E13-62 (Borehole C5923). This air emissions document applies to the activities to be completed to conduct the SDPT in the 200-BC-1 operable unit located in the 200 East Area of the Hanford Site. Well 299-E13-62 is Planned to be used as an injection well. This well is located between and approximately equidistant from cribs 216-B-16, 216-B-17, 216-B-18. and 216-B-19. Nitrogen gas will be pumped at approximately 300 ft{sup 3}/min into the 299-EI3-62 injection well, located approximately 12 m (39 ft) away from extraction well 299-EI3-65. The soil gas extraction rate will be approximately 150 ft{sup 3}/min. The SDPT will be conducted continuously over a period of approximately six months. The purpose of the test is to evaluate soil desiccation as a potential remedy for protecting groundwater. A conceptual depiction is provided in Figure 1. The soil desiccation process will physically dry, or evaporate, some of the water from the moist zone of interest. As such, it is expected that Tc-99 and nitrate will remain with the water residual that is not removed, or remain as a salt bound to the soil particles. In addition, the SDPT will be conducted at lower extraction velocities to preclude pore water entrainment and thus, the extracted air effluent should be free of the contaminant residual present in the targeted moist zone. However, to conservatively bound the Planned Activity for potential radionuclide air emissions, it is assumed, hypothetically, that the Tc-99 does not remain in the zone of interest, but that it instead travels with the evaporated moisture to the extraction well and to the test equipment at the land surface. Thus, a release potential would exist from the Planned point source (powered exhaust) for Tc-99 in the extracted moist air. In this hypothetical bounding case there would also be a potential for very minor fugitive emissions to occur due to nitrogen injection into the soil. The maximum value for Tc-99, measured in the contaminated moist zone, is used in calculating the release potential described in Section 2.3. The desiccation mechanism will be evaporation. Nitrate is neither a criteria pollutant nor a toxic air pollutant. It would remain nitrate as a salt adhered to sand and silt grains or as nitrate dissolved in the pore water. Nitrogen, an inert gas, will be injected into the ground during the test. Tracer gasses will also be injected near the beginning, middle, and the end of the test. The tracer gasses are sulfur hexafluoride, trichlorofluoromethane, and difluoromethane
Benecke Mw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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standards controlling air emissions for the soil desiccation pilot test
2010Co-Authors: Benecke MwAbstract:This air emissions document supports implementation of the Treatability Test Plan for Soil Desiccation as outlined in the Deep Vadose Zone Treatability Test Plan for the Hanford Central Plateau (DOE/RL-2007-56). Treatability testing supports evaluation of remedial technologies for technetium-99 (Tc-99) contamination in the vadose zone at sites such as the BC Cribs and Trenches. Soil desiccation has been selected as the first technology for testing because it has been recommended as a promising technology in previous Hanford Site technology evaluations and because testing of soil desiccation will provide useful information to enhance evaluation of other technologies, in particular gas-phase remediation technologies. A soil desiccation pilot test (SDPT) will evaluate the desiccation process (e.g., how the targeted interval is dried) and the long-term performance for mitigation of contaminant transport. The SDPT will dry out a moist zone contaminated by Tc-99 and nitrate that has been detected at Well 299-E13-62 (Borehole C5923). This air emissions document applies to the activities to be completed to conduct the SDPT in the 200-BC-1 operable unit located in the 200 East Area of the Hanford Site. Well 299-E13-62 is Planned to be used as an injection well. This well is located between and approximately equidistant from cribs 216-B-16, 216-B-17, 216-B-18. and 216-B-19. Nitrogen gas will be pumped at approximately 300 ft{sup 3}/min into the 299-EI3-62 injection well, located approximately 12 m (39 ft) away from extraction well 299-EI3-65. The soil gas extraction rate will be approximately 150 ft{sup 3}/min. The SDPT will be conducted continuously over a period of approximately six months. The purpose of the test is to evaluate soil desiccation as a potential remedy for protecting groundwater. A conceptual depiction is provided in Figure 1. The soil desiccation process will physically dry, or evaporate, some of the water from the moist zone of interest. As such, it is expected that Tc-99 and nitrate will remain with the water residual that is not removed, or remain as a salt bound to the soil particles. In addition, the SDPT will be conducted at lower extraction velocities to preclude pore water entrainment and thus, the extracted air effluent should be free of the contaminant residual present in the targeted moist zone. However, to conservatively bound the Planned Activity for potential radionuclide air emissions, it is assumed, hypothetically, that the Tc-99 does not remain in the zone of interest, but that it instead travels with the evaporated moisture to the extraction well and to the test equipment at the land surface. Thus, a release potential would exist from the Planned point source (powered exhaust) for Tc-99 in the extracted moist air. In this hypothetical bounding case there would also be a potential for very minor fugitive emissions to occur due to nitrogen injection into the soil. The maximum value for Tc-99, measured in the contaminated moist zone, is used in calculating the release potential described in Section 2.3. The desiccation mechanism will be evaporation. Nitrate is neither a criteria pollutant nor a toxic air pollutant. It would remain nitrate as a salt adhered to sand and silt grains or as nitrate dissolved in the pore water. Nitrogen, an inert gas, will be injected into the ground during the test. Tracer gasses will also be injected near the beginning, middle, and the end of the test. The tracer gasses are sulfur hexafluoride, trichlorofluoromethane, and difluoromethane.
John M Timmerman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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long term safety and Activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large b cell lymphoma zuma 1 a single arm multicentre phase 1 2 trial
Lancet Oncology, 2019Co-Authors: Frederick L Locke, Armin Ghobadi, Caron A Jacobson, David B Miklos, Lazaros J Lekakis, Olalekan O Oluwole, Yi Lin, Ira Braunschweig, Brian T Hill, John M TimmermanAbstract:Summary Background Axicabtagene ciloleucel is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. In the previous analysis of the ZUMA-1 registrational study, with a median follow-up of 15·4 months (IQR 13·7–17·3), 89 (82%) of 108 assessable patients with refractory large B-cell lymphoma treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel achieved an objective response, and complete responses were noted in 63 (58%) patients. Here we report long-term Activity and safety outcomes of the ZUMA-1 study. Methods ZUMA-1 is a single-arm, multicentre, registrational trial at 22 sites in the USA and Israel. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older, and had histologically confirmed large B-cell lymphoma—including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, and transformed follicular lymphoma—according to the 2008 WHO Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissue; refractory disease or relapsed after autologous stem-cell transplantation; an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1; and had previously received an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody containing-regimen and an anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. Participants received one dose of axicabtagene ciloleucel on day 0 at a target dose of 2 × 10 6 CAR T cells per kg of bodyweight after conditioning chemotherapy with intravenous fludarabine (30 mg/m 2 body-surface area) and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m 2 body-surface area) on days −5, −4, and −3. The primary endpoints were safety for phase 1 and the proportion of patients achieving an objective response for phase 2, and key secondary endpoints were overall survival, progression-free survival, and duration of response. Pre-Planned Activity and safety analyses were done per protocol. ZUMA-1 is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02348216. Although the registrational cohorts are closed, the trial remains open, and recruitment to extension cohorts with alternative endpoints is underway. Findings Between May 19, 2015, and Sept 15, 2016, 119 patients were enrolled and 108 received axicabtagene ciloleucel across phases 1 and 2. As of the cutoff date of Aug 11, 2018, 101 patients assessable for Activity in phase 2 were followed up for a median of 27·1 months (IQR 25·7–28·8), 84 (83%) had an objective response, and 59 (58%) had a complete response. The median duration of response was 11·1 months (4·2–not estimable). The median overall survival was not reached (12·8–not estimable), and the median progression-free survival was 5·9 months (95% CI 3·3–15·0). 52 (48%) of 108 patients assessable for safety in phases 1 and 2 had grade 3 or worse serious adverse events. Grade 3 or worse cytokine release syndrome occurred in 12 (11%) patients, and grade 3 or worse neurological events in 35 (32%). Since the previous analysis at 1 year, additional serious adverse events were reported in four patients (grade 3 mental status changes, grade 4 myelodysplastic syndrome, grade 3 lung infection, and two episodes of grade 3 bacteraemia), none of which were judged to be treatment related. Two treatment-related deaths (due to haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and cardiac arrest) were previously reported, but no new treatment-related deaths occurred during the additional follow-up. Interpretation These 2-year follow-up data from ZUMA-1 suggest that axicabtagene ciloleucel can induce durable responses and a median overall survival of greater than 2 years, and has a manageable long-term safety profile in patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Funding Kite and the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Therapy Acceleration Program.
