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Teresa M S D Vasconcelos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lmwoa low molecular weight organic acid exudation by salt marsh Plants natural variation and response to cu contamination
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2010Co-Authors: Ana P Mucha, Marisa C R Almeida, Adriano A. Bordalo, Teresa M S D VasconcelosAbstract:Abstract This work aimed to evaluate, in vitro , the capability of roots of two salt marsh Plants to release low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and to ascertain whether Cu contamination would stimulate or not organic acids exudation. The sea rush Juncus maritimus and the sea-club rush Scirpus maritimus , both from the lower Douro river estuary (NW Portugal), were used. Plants were collected seasonally, four times a year in 2004, during low tide. After sampling, Plant roots were washed for removal of adherent particles and immersed for 2 h in a solution that matched salinity (3) and pH (7.5) of the pore water from the same location to obtain Plant Exudates. In one of the seasons, similar experiments were carried out but spiking the solution with different amounts of Cu in order to embrace the range between 0 and 1600 nM. In the final solutions as well as in sediment pore water LMWOAs were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Plants were able to release, in a short period of time, relatively high amounts of LMWOAs (oxalate, citrate, malate, malonate, and succinate). In the sediment pore water oxalate, succinate and acetate were also detected. Therefore, Plant roots probably contributed to the presence of some of these organic compounds in pore water. Exudation differed between the Plant species and also showed some seasonally variation, particularly for S. maritimus . The release of oxalate by J. maritimus increased with Cu increase in the media. However, exudation of the other LMWOAs did not seem to be stimulated by Cu contamination in the media. This fact is compatible with the existence of alternative internal mechanisms for Cu detoxification, as denoted by the fact that in media contaminated with Cu both Plant species accumulated relatively high amounts (29–83%) of the initially dissolved Cu. This study expands our knowledge on the contribution of globally dominant salt marsh Plants to the release of LMWOAs into the environment.
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salt marsh Plants juncus maritimus and scirpus maritimus as sources of strong complexing ligands
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ana P Mucha, Marisa C R Almeida, Adriano A. Bordalo, Teresa M S D VasconcelosAbstract:Abstract This work aimed to evaluate, in vitro , the capability of roots of salt marsh Plants to release strong Cu-complexing ligands and to ascertain whether Cu contamination would stimulate ligands' exudation or not. The sea rush Juncus maritimus and the sea-club rush Scirpus maritimus , both from the lower Douro river estuary (NW Portugal), were used. Plants were collected seasonally, four times a year in 2004, during low tide. After sampling, Plant roots were washed for removal of adherent particles and immersed for 2 h in a solution that matched salinity (3) and pH (7.5) of the pore water from the same location and spiked with Cu 2+ in the range 0–1600 nM to obtain Plant Exudates. In the final solutions as well as in sediment pore water total dissolved Zn and Cu, Cu-complexing ligand concentrations and the respective conditional stability constants ( K CuL ′ ) values were determined by voltammetry. This study demonstrated that Plants are able to release, in a short period of time, relatively high amounts of strong Cu-complexing ligands (56–265 nmol g root −1 ), which differed among Plants and sampling site but were independent of the season. Cu contamination did not stimulate exudation of Cu-complexing ligands. On the other hand, in media contaminated with Cu both Plants accumulated relatively high amounts (29–83%) of the initially dissolved Cu, indicating that they have alternative internal mechanisms for Cu detoxification. Cu exchange between roots and medium (either accumulation in contaminated medium or release in the absence of Cu) was more intense for S. maritimus than for J. maritimus . It was observed that exudate solutions obtained in the absence of added Cu and sediment pore water (the densities of roots observed inside the salt marsh where comparable to those used in the in vitro experiments), displayed similarities in terms of total dissolved metals, Cu-complexing ligands concentrations, values of K CuL ′ (12 K CuL ′
Trent R Northen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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feed your friends do Plant Exudates shape the root microbiome
Trends in Plant Science, 2018Co-Authors: Joelle Sasse, Enrico Martinoia, Trent R NorthenAbstract:Plant health in natural environments depends on interactions with complex and dynamic communities comprising macro- and microorganisms. While many studies have provided insights into the composition of rhizosphere microbiomes (rhizobiomes), little is known about whether Plants shape their rhizobiomes. Here, we discuss physiological factors of Plants that may govern Plant-microbe interactions, focusing on root physiology and the role of root Exudates. Given that only a few Plant transport proteins are known to be involved in root metabolite export, we suggest novel families putatively involved in this process. Finally, building off of the features discussed in this review, and in analogy to well-known symbioses, we elaborate on a possible sequence of events governing rhizobiome assembly.
P C Bhattacharjee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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medicinal Plant exudativory by the bengal slow loris nycticebus bengalensis
Endangered Species Research, 2014Co-Authors: K A I Nekaris, P C BhattacharjeeAbstract:Slow lorises are members of a rare guild of obligate exudativores. Secondary meta - bolites in their diet have been implicated as contributing to the evolution of both their slow basal metabolism and their venom. No long-term study has yet examined the feeding ecology of the largest of the lorises, the Bengal slow loris Nycticebus bengalensis. We conducted an 18 mo study from June 2008 to December 2010 in Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam, India, to investigate whether Bengal slow lorises prefer gum, and whether there is any evidence of second- ary metabolites in their diet. We detected the lorises along line transects using existing trails and followed each animal as long as possible, recording selected behaviours via focal instantaneous sampling. We recorded 629 feeding incidents during 270 night walks. We found that up to 80.9% of feeding bouts were of Plant Exudates, followed by bark, floral parts, insects, fruits, and tender (i.e. immature) leaves. Within the Plant exudate category, 5 species were consumed in 71% of the total exudate feeding bouts: Terminalia chebula, Mesua ferrea, T. arjuna, Ficus hispida and Dil- lenia indica. These species all have high medicinal value and are commonly used by the local communities for traditional medicinal purposes. Absorption of secondary metabolites from these Plants may explain unusual healing patterns observed in wild slow lorises, but lacking in lorises held in captivity. Their dietary affinity towards medicinal Plants could explain patterns of use of slow lorises within the traditional medicine trade in the Indo-Chinese region.
Ana P Mucha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lmwoa low molecular weight organic acid exudation by salt marsh Plants natural variation and response to cu contamination
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2010Co-Authors: Ana P Mucha, Marisa C R Almeida, Adriano A. Bordalo, Teresa M S D VasconcelosAbstract:Abstract This work aimed to evaluate, in vitro , the capability of roots of two salt marsh Plants to release low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and to ascertain whether Cu contamination would stimulate or not organic acids exudation. The sea rush Juncus maritimus and the sea-club rush Scirpus maritimus , both from the lower Douro river estuary (NW Portugal), were used. Plants were collected seasonally, four times a year in 2004, during low tide. After sampling, Plant roots were washed for removal of adherent particles and immersed for 2 h in a solution that matched salinity (3) and pH (7.5) of the pore water from the same location to obtain Plant Exudates. In one of the seasons, similar experiments were carried out but spiking the solution with different amounts of Cu in order to embrace the range between 0 and 1600 nM. In the final solutions as well as in sediment pore water LMWOAs were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Plants were able to release, in a short period of time, relatively high amounts of LMWOAs (oxalate, citrate, malate, malonate, and succinate). In the sediment pore water oxalate, succinate and acetate were also detected. Therefore, Plant roots probably contributed to the presence of some of these organic compounds in pore water. Exudation differed between the Plant species and also showed some seasonally variation, particularly for S. maritimus . The release of oxalate by J. maritimus increased with Cu increase in the media. However, exudation of the other LMWOAs did not seem to be stimulated by Cu contamination in the media. This fact is compatible with the existence of alternative internal mechanisms for Cu detoxification, as denoted by the fact that in media contaminated with Cu both Plant species accumulated relatively high amounts (29–83%) of the initially dissolved Cu. This study expands our knowledge on the contribution of globally dominant salt marsh Plants to the release of LMWOAs into the environment.
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salt marsh Plants juncus maritimus and scirpus maritimus as sources of strong complexing ligands
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ana P Mucha, Marisa C R Almeida, Adriano A. Bordalo, Teresa M S D VasconcelosAbstract:Abstract This work aimed to evaluate, in vitro , the capability of roots of salt marsh Plants to release strong Cu-complexing ligands and to ascertain whether Cu contamination would stimulate ligands' exudation or not. The sea rush Juncus maritimus and the sea-club rush Scirpus maritimus , both from the lower Douro river estuary (NW Portugal), were used. Plants were collected seasonally, four times a year in 2004, during low tide. After sampling, Plant roots were washed for removal of adherent particles and immersed for 2 h in a solution that matched salinity (3) and pH (7.5) of the pore water from the same location and spiked with Cu 2+ in the range 0–1600 nM to obtain Plant Exudates. In the final solutions as well as in sediment pore water total dissolved Zn and Cu, Cu-complexing ligand concentrations and the respective conditional stability constants ( K CuL ′ ) values were determined by voltammetry. This study demonstrated that Plants are able to release, in a short period of time, relatively high amounts of strong Cu-complexing ligands (56–265 nmol g root −1 ), which differed among Plants and sampling site but were independent of the season. Cu contamination did not stimulate exudation of Cu-complexing ligands. On the other hand, in media contaminated with Cu both Plants accumulated relatively high amounts (29–83%) of the initially dissolved Cu, indicating that they have alternative internal mechanisms for Cu detoxification. Cu exchange between roots and medium (either accumulation in contaminated medium or release in the absence of Cu) was more intense for S. maritimus than for J. maritimus . It was observed that exudate solutions obtained in the absence of added Cu and sediment pore water (the densities of roots observed inside the salt marsh where comparable to those used in the in vitro experiments), displayed similarities in terms of total dissolved metals, Cu-complexing ligands concentrations, values of K CuL ′ (12 K CuL ′
Carlos A Peres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diet and feeding ecology of saddle back saguinus fuscicollis and moustached s mystax tamarins in an amazonian terra firme forest
Journal of Zoology, 1993Co-Authors: Carlos A PeresAbstract:The feeding ecology of two small-bodied primate species—saddle-back (Saguinus fuscicollis auilapiresi) and moustached tamarins (S. mystax pileatus)—occurring in stable, mixed-species groups was studied in a terra firme forest site in the upper Urucu River, Amazonas, Brazil. Ecological data are based primarily on one mixed-species group of 5–8 saddle-back and 8–10 moustached tamarins. The overall vegetative and animal-prey components of each tamarin species' diet, their selection of food species, and the seasonal variation in their use of Plant resources are described, and compared to those of callitrichids elsewhere. The extremely diverse diet of tamarins included at least 136 tree, 33 vine and liana, 12 epiphyte and nine shrub species, as well as a wide range of prey items. They fed primarily on ripe fruit pulp of most of these species for most of the year, but shifted to floral nectar and Plant Exudates of a few key Plant species during the dry season. Taxonomic overlap in Plant diet was nearly complete between the two tamarin species, but they diverged considerably in their prey capture techniques. Saddle-backs used the low forest understorey, and manipulatively searched for sedentary prey concealed within discrete, usually rigid, microhabitats, whereas moustached tamarins used the midstorey where they visually searched for mobile prey well exposed on foliage. These and other feeding and foraging patterns are discussed in the light of other callitrichid species studied to date.